1171

2025-08-01T23:32:20Z

5.91.35.129: /* Asia */

{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
{{About year|1171}}
{{Year nav|1171}}
{{C12 year in topic}}
[[File:A Chronicle of England - Page 180 - Henry at Waterford.jpg|upright=1.35|thumb|King [[Henry II of England|Henry II]] arrives at [[Waterford]].]]
Year '''1171''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCLXXI]]''') was a [[common year starting on Friday]] of the [[Julian calendar]].

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== By place ===

==== Byzantine Empire ====
* [[March 12]] – Emperor [[Manuel I Komnenos|Manuel I]] ('''Komnenos''') orders the arrest of all Venetians in his empire, and seizes their ships and goods.
* [[September]] – Doge [[Vitale II Michiel]] leads a Venetian fleet (120 ships) against the Byzantines, conquering the cities of [[Trogir]] and [[Dubrovnik]]. But the plague takes a heavy toll among the fleet's crewmen; half the ships have to be burned to keep them from falling into enemy hands. A plague also breaks out in [[Venice]], when the remaining ships return.

==== Europe ====
* Autumn – King [[Alfonso II of Aragon|Alfonso II]] ('''the Chaste''') of [[Kingdom of Aragon|Aragon]] conquers the cities of [[Caspe]] and [[Teruel]]. He strengthens his southern frontier after [[Almohad Caliphate|Almohad]] forces under Caliph [[Abu Yaqub Yusuf|Yusuf I]] ravage [[Catalonia]].
* The successors of [[Robert d'Aguiló|Robert Bordet]] leave Catalonia for [[Mallorca]], marking the end of the attempts to create a [[Normans|Norman]] principality in [[Iberian Peninsula|Iberia]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=McGrank|first=Lawrence|title=Norman crusaders and the Catalan reconquest: Robert Burdet and the principality of Tarragona 1129-55|journal=Journal of Medieval History|year=1981|volume=7|issue=1|pages=67–82|doi=10.1016/0304-4181(81)90036-1}}</ref>

==== Britain ====
* [[July]] – King [[Henry II of England|Henry II]] decides to lead a military expedition to [[Ireland]] and summons [[Richard de Clare, 2nd Earl of Pembroke|Richard de Clare]] ('''Strongbow''') to join forces. In September, Richard travels to [[Kingdom of England|England]] and promises his loyalty to Henry. He is granted [[Leinster]] as a fiefdom and is honored with the post of "royal constable in Ireland". The army is assembled at [[Pembroke, Pembrokeshire|Pembroke]] – several [[siege tower]]s are shipped over, should Henry need to assault the Norman-held towns (or others such as [[Cork (city)|Cork]] and [[Limerick]]).<ref>Martin, Francis Xavier (2008). "Chapter 2: Diarmaid mac Murchadha and the coming of the Anglo-Normans". In Art Cosgrove (ed.). ''A New History of Ireland, Volume II: Medieval Ireland 1169–1534''. Oxford University Press. p. 87.</ref>

====Ireland====
* [[October 17]] – Henry II [[Norman invasion of Ireland|invades Ireland]] and lands with a large army of at least 500 mounted knights, and 4,000 men and archers at [[Waterford]]. Henry commandeers merchant ships as part of his invasion.<ref name=Warren>{{cite book|title=King John|first=W. L.|last=Warren|publisher=University of California Press|year=1961|pages=34, 121}}</ref> He claims the ports of [[Dublin]], Waterford, and [[Wexford]], and promises the Irish chieftains protection if they will acknowledge him as their overlord. Henry is recognized as "Lord of Ireland", traders are invited to Dublin where an English colony is set up.<ref name=Warren/>
* [[Ascall mac Ragnaill]] (or '''Torcaill'''), last [[Norse–Gaels|Norse–Gaelic]] king of Dublin, is captured while trying to retake Dublin from the English forces under Richard de Clare, perhaps in company with [[Sweyn Asleifsson]], and is beheaded. Before the end of the year, Richard relinquishes possession of the city to Henry II, who converts it into an English royal town.

==== Levant ====
* [[March 10]] – King [[Amalric of Jerusalem|Amalric I]] of [[Kingdom of Jerusalem|Jerusalem]] departs with a large staff for [[Constantinople]]. At [[Gallipoli|Callipolis]] he is met by his father-in-law, [[John Doukas Komnenos]], military governor (''[[Dux|doux]]'') of [[Cyprus]]. Amalric enters the Byzantine capital and is welcomed by Manuel I. In June, a treaty is signed, Amalric recognizes Manuel's suzerainty over Jerusalem.<ref>Steven Runciman (1952). ''A History of The Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem'', pp. 318–319. {{ISBN|978-0-241-29876-3}}.</ref>

==== Egypt ====
* [[September 13]] – Caliph [[Al-Adid]] dies of natural causes (or poisoning) after a 11-year reign. [[Saladin]] overthrows the [[Fatimid Caliphate]], and takes over as governor (''[[atabeg]]'') of [[Egypt in the Middle Ages|Egypt]] – ruling in the name of Emir [[Nur ad-Din (died 1174)|Nur al-Din]].
* [[September 25]] – Saladin leads an Egyptian army to take part in a joint attack on the Crusader castles [[Karak Castle|Kerak]] and [[Montréal (castle)|Montréal]], south of the [[Dead Sea]]. In November, Saladin withdraws his forces to [[Cairo]] to suppress a coup.

==== Asia ====
* [[Yesugei]] ('''Baghatur'''), Mongol chieftain, arranges a marriage between his 9-year-old son [[Genghis Khan|Temujin]] ('''Genghis Khan''') and the daughter of the chief of a nearby clan, [[Börte]]. He is poisoned by the [[Tatars]] while returning home.<ref>Cleaves, Francis Woodman (1982). ''The Secret History of the Mongols'', p. 17. Harvard-Yenching Institute. {{ISBN|978-0-674-79670-6}}.</ref>
</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[August 15]] – [[Alfonso IX of León|Alfonso IX]], king of [[Kingdom of León|León]] and [[Kingdom of Galicia|Galicia]] (d. [[1230]])
* [[Agnes of France, Byzantine Empress|Agnes of France]] (or '''Anna'''), Byzantine empress (d. [[1220]])
* [[Al-Aziz Uthman]], Egyptian ruler and son of [[Saladin]] (d. [[1198]])
* [[Matilda of Chester, Countess of Huntingdon|Matilda of Chester]] (or '''Maud'''), English [[Nobility|noblewoman]] (d. [[1233]])
* [[Minamoto no Michitomo]], Japanese nobleman (d. [[1227]])
* [[Muhammad Aufi]], Persian historian and [[Philology|philologist]] (d. [[1242]])
* [[Saionji Kintsune]], Japanese nobleman and poet (d. [[1244]])
* [[Stephen de Segrave]], English [[Justiciar|Chief Justiciar]] (d. [[1241]])

== Deaths ==
* [[February 20]] – [[Conan IV, Duke of Brittany|Conan IV]] ("the Young"), duke of [[Duchy of Brittany|Brittany]] (b. [[1138]])
* [[March 29]] – [[Achard of Saint Victor]], Norman bishop (b. [[1100]])
* [[April 3]] – [[Philip of Milly]], French nobleman and knight (b. [[1120]])
* [[May 1]] – [[Diarmaid mac Murchadha]], king of [[Leinster]] (b. [[1110]])
* c. [[May 10]] – [[Vladimir III of Kiev|Vladimir III]] Mstislavich, Grand Prince of Kiev (b. [[1132]])
* [[June 9]] – [[Rabbeinu Tam|Jacob ben Meir Tam]], French Jewish [[rabbi]] (b. 1100)
* [[August 8]] – [[Henry of Blois]], bishop of [[Diocese of Winchester|Winchester]] (b. [[1096]])
* [[September 13]] – [[Al-Adid]], last Fatimid caliph (b. [[1151]])<ref>{{EI2 | last = Wiet | first = G. | author-link = Gaston Wiet | title = al-ʿĀḍid li-Dīn Allāh | volume = 1 | pages = 196–197 | url = http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573-3912_islam_SIM_0311}}</ref>
* [[November 8]] – [[Baldwin IV, Count of Hainaut|Baldwin IV]], count of [[County of Hainaut|Hainaut]] (b. [[1108]])
* [[December 27]] – [[Petrus Ua Mórda]], bishop of [[Clonfert]]
* [[Abu'l-Hasan al-Hasan ibn Ali]], Zirid ruler (b. [[1109]])
* [[Ascall mac Ragnaill]] (or Torcaill), king of [[Kingdom of Dublin|Dublin]]
* [[Gleb of Kiev]] (Yuryevich), Grand Prince of [[Principality of Kiev|Kiev]]
* [[Iorwerth Goch ap Maredudd]], Welsh nobleman
* [[Narathu]], ruler of the [[Pagan Kingdom]] (b. [[1118]])
* [[William de Courcy (died 1171)|William de Courcy]], Norman nobleman and knight
* [[Yesugei]] ("Baghatur"), Mongol chieftain (b. [[1134]])

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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1171