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1689

2025-09-29T00:43:16Z

69.62.159.204: /* July–September */

{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2011}}
{{Year dab|1689}}
{{Year nav|1689}}
[[File:The Lords and Commons presenting the crown to William and Mary, 1688.jpg|300px|thumb|[[April 11]]: [[William III of England|William III]] and [[Mary II]] are crowned in [[London]] as the joint rulers of [[Kingdom of England|England]] and [[Kingdom of Scotland|Scotland]].]]
{{C17 year in topic}}[[File:Hortus Palatinus und Heidelberger Schloss von Jacques Fouquiere.jpg|thumb|[[March 2]]: [[Heidelberg Castle]] is burned.]]
{{Year article header|1689}}

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>
Notable events during this year include:

* Coup, war, and legislation in England and its territories.
** The overthrow of Catholic king [[James II of England|James of England]], Ireland, and Scotland in the [[Glorious Revolution]].
** The latter realms entering the [[Nine Years' War|Nine Years War]] and its expansion to the American colonies in the [[King William's War]].
** The [[Bill of Rights 1689|Bill of Rights]] becomes law in England.
* Japanese writer [[Matsuo Bashō|Bashō]] goes on a voyage, resulting in the classic ''[[Oku no Hosomichi|Narrow Road to the Interior]]''.
* The death of [[Pope Innocent XI]] and the election of the 241st [[Pope Alexander VIII]].
* The [[Holy Roman Empire]] wins the [[Battle of Niš (1689)|Battle of Niš]], fought against the [[Ottoman Empire]].
* Morocco wins in the [[Siege of Larache (1689)|Siege of Larache]] against Spain.
* [[Peter the Great]] decrees the construction of the [[Great Siberian Road]] to China.

=== January–March ===
* [[January 22]] (January 12, 1688 [[Old Style and New Style dates|O.S.]]) – [[Glorious Revolution]] in [[Kingdom of England|England]]: The [[Convention Parliament (1689)|Convention Parliament]] is convened to determine if King [[James II of England]], the last [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]] British monarch, vacated the throne when he fled to France, at the end of [[1688]]. The settlement of this is agreed on [[8 February]].<ref name=Kenyon>{{cite book|first=J. P.|last=Kenyon|title=Stuart England|location=Harmondsworth|publisher=Penguin Books|year=1978|isbn=0-14-022076-3}}</ref>
* [[January 30]] – The first performance of the opera ''[[Henrico Leone]]'' composed by [[Agostino Steffani]] takes place in [[Hannover]] to inaugurate the new royal theatre in the [[Leineschloss]].
* [[February 12]] – [[John Locke]] returned to London from exile in Holland.<ref name="LockeJ">{{Cite ODNB|doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/16885|url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-16885|title=Locke, John (1632–1704), philosopher}}</ref>
* [[February 23]] (February 13, 1688 [[Old Style and New Style dates|O.S.]]) – [[William III of England|William III]] and [[Mary II of England|Mary II]] are proclaimed co-rulers of [[Kingdom of England|England]], [[Kingdom of Scotland|Scotland]] and [[Kingdom of Ireland|Ireland]].<ref name=Kenyon />
* [[March 2]] – [[Nine Years' War]]: As French forces leave, they set fire to [[Heidelberg Castle]], and the nearby town of [[Heidelberg]].
* [[March 22]] (March 12 O.S.) – Start of the [[Williamite War in Ireland]]: The deposed [[James II of England]] lands with 6,000 [[Early modern France|French]] soldiers in Ireland, where there is a [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] majority, hoping to use it as the base for a counter-coup.<ref>{{cite book|last=Miller|first=John|title=James II|edition=3rd|location=New Haven|publisher=Yale University Press|year=2000|series=Yale English monarchs|isbn=0-300-08728-4|pages=222–227}}</ref> However, many Irish Catholics see him as an agent of [[Louis XIV]], and refuse to support him.
* [[March 27]] – Japanese [[haiku]] master [[Matsuo Bashō|Bashō]] sets out on his last great voyage, which will result in the prose and verse classic ''[[Oku no Hosomichi]]'' ("Narrow Road to the Interior").

=== April–June ===
* [[April 4]] – A total [[lunar eclipse]] is visible in central Asia.<ref name="Astro1211689">{{cite web|url=http://astro.ukho.gov.uk/eclipse/1211689/|title=Total Eclipse of the Moon: 1689 April 04|website=astro.ukho.gov.uk|access-date=October 27, 2022}}</ref>
* [[April 11]] (O.S.) – [[William III of England|William III]] and [[Mary II]] are crowned in London as King and Queen of [[Kingdom of England|England]], [[Kingdom of Scotland|Scotland]], and [[Kingdom of Ireland|Ireland]].<ref name="Pocket On This Day">{{cite book|title=Penguin Pocket On This Day|publisher=Penguin Reference Library|isbn=0-14-102715-0|year=2006}}</ref> Ireland does not recognise them yet, while the [[Estates of Scotland]] declare King [[James VII of Scotland]] deposed.
* [[April 18]]
** [[1689 Boston revolt|Boston revolt]]: Unpopular [[Dominion of New England|New England]] Governor Sir [[Edmund Andros]] and other officials are overthrown by a "mob" of [[Boston]]ians. Andros, an appointee of [[James II of England]], is disliked for his support of the [[Church of England]] and revocation of various colonial charters.
** The [[Siege of Derry]] begins in Ireland as former King James II arrives at the gates of [[Derry]] and asks for its surrender during the Williamite War in Ireland. The [[Protestant]] defenders refuse and the siege lasts until August 1 when it is abandoned. .<ref>{{cite web|title=The Siege of Derry in Ulster Protestant mythology|url=http://www.cruithni.org.uk/feature/siege.html|work=Cruithni|date=December 31, 2001|access-date=July 16, 2012}}</ref>
* [[April 19]] - A fire in [[Amalienborg]]-palace in Copenhagen killed 180 people.
* [[May 11]] (May 1 O.S.)
**The [[Battle of Bantry Bay]] begins during the Williamite War in Ireland as the French fleet under the [[François Louis de Rousselet, Marquis de Châteaurenault|Marquis de Châteaurenault]] is able to protect its transports, unloading supplies for James II, from the English [[Royal Navy]] under the [[Arthur Herbert, 1st Earl of Torrington|Earl of Torrington]], and withdraws unpursued.<ref>{{cite book|last=Lynn|first=John A.|title=The Wars of Louis XIV, 1667–1714|location=Harlow|publisher=Longman|year=1999|isbn=0-582-05629-2|page=[https://archive.org/details/warsoflouisxiv1600lynn/page/203 203]|url=https://archive.org/details/warsoflouisxiv1600lynn/page/203|access-date=October 27, 2022}}</ref>
**William and Mary accept the Scottish throne a month after the Scottish Parliament votes to depose King James VII
* [[May 12]] – [[Nine Years' War]]: With England and the Netherlands now both ruled by [[William III of England|William III]], they join the [[Grand Alliance (League of Augsburg)]], thus escalating the conflict, which continues until [[1697]]. This is also the effective beginning of [[King William's War]], the first of four North American Wars (until [[1763]]) between English and French colonists, both sides allied to [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Native American]] tribes. The nature of the fighting is a series of raids on each other's settlements, across the Canadian and [[New England]] borders.
* [[May 24]] – The [[Act of Toleration 1689|Act of Toleration]], drawn up by the [[Convention Parliament (1689)|Convention Parliament]] of England to protect [[Protestantism|Protestants]] but with [[Roman Catholics]] intentionally excluded, is passed; this effectively concludes the [[Glorious Revolution]].
* [[May 25]] – The last [[hearth tax]] is collected in [[England and Wales]].
* [[May 31]] – [[Leisler's Rebellion]]: [[Calvinist]] [[Jacob Leisler]] deposes lieutenant governor [[Francis Nicholson]] and assumes control of the [[Province of New York]].
* [[June 5]] – The [[Convention of Estates (1689)|Convention of Estates]] adjourns in Scotland after 11 weeks and its members form a new Scottish parliament.
* [[June 14]] – The [[George Gordon, 1st Duke of Gordon|Duke of Gordon]], a Scottish peer and Jacobite supporter, surrenders [[Edinburgh Castle]] to Protestant attackers after holding out for 20 days following the [[Glorious Revolution]].

=== July–September ===
* [[July 25]] – The [[Council of Wales and the Marches]] is abolished.
* [[July 27]] – [[First Jacobite rising]]: [[Battle of Killiecrankie]] near [[Pitlochry]] in [[Perthshire]] – Scottish [[Covenanter]] supporters of [[William III of England|William III]] and [[Mary II]] (under [[Hugh Mackay (general)|Hugh Mackay]]) are defeated by [[Jacobitism|Jacobite]] supporters of James II, but the latter's leader, [[John Graham, 1st Viscount Dundee|John Graham, Viscount Dundee]], is killed. [[Hand grenade]]s are used in action.<ref name=BTL12>{{Historic Environment Scotland|num=BTL12|desc=Battle of Killiecrankie|access-date=June 19, 2020}}</ref>
* [[July 28]] – English sailors break through a floating boom across the [[River Foyle]], to end the [[siege of Derry]] after 105 days.<ref>{{cite web|title=Parades and Marches - Chronology 2: Historical Dates and Events|work=Conflict Archive on the Internet (CAIN)|url=http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/issues/parade/chpa2.htm|access-date=January 28, 2010}}</ref>
* [[August 2]] – [[Boston Revolt]]: [[Edmund Andros]], former governor of the [[Dominion of New England]], escapes from Boston to [[Connecticut]], but is recaptured.
* [[August 5]] – [[Beaver Wars]]: [[Lachine massacre]] – A force of 1,500 [[Iroquois]] largely destroys the village of [[Lachine, Quebec|Lachine]], [[New France]].
* [[August 12]] – [[Pope Innocent XI]] (Benedetto Odescalchi, b. 1611), Pope since [[1676]], dies. He played a major part in founding both the League of Augsburg, against [[Louis XIV]], and the Holy League, against the Ottoman Empire.
* [[August 20]] – A large [[Williamite]] force under [[Marshal Schomberg]] begins the [[Siege of Carrickfergus (1689)|siege of Carrickfergus]] in the north of Ireland, which surrenders on August 27.
* [[August 21]] – First Jacobite rising: [[Battle of Dunkeld]] – Covenanters defeat the [[Jacobitism|Jacobite]]s in Scotland.<ref name=BTL32>{{Historic Environment Scotland|num=BTL32|desc=Battle of Dunkeld|access-date=June 19, 2020}}</ref>
* [[August 23]]
**Roman Catholic cardinals convene in Rome for a [[1689 papal conclave|papal conclave]] to elect a successor to Pope Innocent XI. The conclave lasts until October 6.
**Gravely ill, the [[Empress Xiaoyiren]] is proclaimed empress by her husband, China's [[Kangxi Emperor]], after having been Imperial Noble Consort since 1682. She dies the next day.
* [[August 27]] – [[Qing dynasty|China]] and [[Tsardom of Russia|Russia]] sign the [[Treaty of Nerchinsk]].
* [[September 3]]–[[September 12|12]] – Messengers from over 100 [[Baptist]] churches [[Church_Council|assembled]] in the [[City of London]] to discuss and endorse the 1677 document that would become known as the [[1689 Baptist Confession of Faith]].<ref name="Melton2014">J. Gordon Melton, ''Faiths Across Time'', ABC-CLIO, USA, 2014, p. 1258</ref>
* [[September 8]] – The Siege of [[Mainz]] (in the modern-day Rheinland-Pfalz state of Germany), which had started on June 1, ends after almost three months, as French General [[Nicolas Chalon du Blé]] surrenders the walled city to the armies of Austria and the Dutch Republic.
* [[September 9]] – King William brings England into a military alliance with the Holy Roman Empire in a fight against France in the [[Nine Years War]].
* [[September 24]] – The Holy Roman Empire wins the [[Battle of Niš (1689)|Battle of Niš]], fought against the Ottoman Empire during the [[Great Turkish War]] in modern-day [[Serbia]].
* [[September 28]]–[[September 29|29]] – A total [[lunar eclipse]] is visible in eastern America, western Europe and west Africa.<ref name="Astro1511689">{{cite web|url=http://astro.ukho.gov.uk/eclipse/1511689/|title=Total Eclipse of the Moon: 1689 September 28-29|website=astro.ukho.gov.uk|access-date=October 27, 2022}}</ref>

=== October–December ===
* [[October 6]] – The papal conclave in Rome unanimously elects Pietro Vito Ottoboni as the new Pope. Ottoboni takes the name [[Pope Alexander VIII|Alexander VIII]] and succeeds [[Pope Innocent XI]], to become the 241st pope, the first Venetian to hold the office in over 200 years.
* [[October 26]] – [[Skopje fire of 1689]] occurs, lasting for two days and burning much of the city.
* [[November 11]] – The [[Siege of Larache (1689)|Siege of Larache]] in Morocco ends when the Spanish troops surrender to Mawlay Ismail and the Moroccan forces.
* [[November 22]] – [[Peter the Great]] decrees the construction of the [[Great Siberian Road]] to China.
* [[December 10]] – A great [[comet]] is visible from [[Beijing|Pekin]] and sightings continue until December 24th, including many from Dutch ships near the equator.<ref name="Vogel">{{cite journal|author=Vogel|title=On the Comet of 1689|journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society|date=June 11, 1852|doi=10.1093/mnras/12.8.206|volume=12|issue=8|pages=206–208|issn=0035-8711|doi-access=free}}</ref>
* [[December 16]] – The [[Bill of Rights 1689|Bill of Rights]] (''An Act Declaring the Rights and Liberties of the Subject and Settling the Succession of the Crown''), drawn up by the [[Convention Parliament (1689)|Convention Parliament]] of England to establish [[constitutional monarchy]] in England, but with Roman Catholics barred from the throne, receives [[royal assent]]; it will remain substantially in force into the 21st century.
* [[December 22]] – A serious earthquake strikes [[Innsbruck]], [[Austria]].<ref name="Hammerl">{{cite journal|journal=Acta Geodaetica et Geophysica|volume=50|issue=1|pages=39–62|first=Christa|last=Hammerl|year=2015|title=The four strongest earthquakes in Tyrol/ Austria during XVIth and XVIIth centuries: from archival sources to macroseismic intensities|doi=10.1007/s40328-014-0083-3 |bibcode=2015AcGG...50...39H |s2cid=130499470 |url=https://www.emidius.eu/AHEAD/study/HAMM015}}</ref>

=== Date unknown ===
* [[Peter the Great]] plots to overthrow his half-sister [[Sophia Alekseyevna of Russia|Sophia]] as [[regent]] of Russia.
* Supporters of [[William III of England|William of Orange]] seize [[Liverpool Castle]] in the north west of England.<ref>{{cite web|title=Liverpool Castle|url=http://www.btinternet.com/~m.royden/mrlhp/local/castle/castle.htm|work=Mike Royden's Local History Pages|access-date=July 16, 2012|archive-date=July 19, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120719011814/http://www.btinternet.com/~m.royden/mrlhp/local/castle/castle.htm }}</ref>
* The English [[East India Company]] expands its influence, and a Committee of the [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|House of Commons]] is formed to deal with the concerns of the Company.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Bohun|first=James|date=February 19, 2008|title=Protecting Prerogative: William III and the East India Trade Debate, 1689-1698|url=https://journals.library.ualberta.ca/pi/index.php/pi/article/view/1363|journal=Past Imperfect|volume=2|pages=66|doi=10.21971/P74S3M|issn=1718-4487|doi-access=free|access-date=October 27, 2022}}</ref>
* [[Johann Weikhard von Valvasor|Valvasor]]'s ''[[The Glory of the Duchy of Carniola]]'' is printed in [[Nuremberg]].
* The first documented performance of the opera ''[[Dido and Aeneas]]'' by [[Henry Purcell]] takes place at [[Josias Priest]]'s girls' school in [[Chelsea, London]], with a libretto based on [[Virgil]]'s ''[[Aeneid]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://study.com/academy/lesson/henry-purcells-dido-aeneas-summary-myth-analysis.html|title=Dido & Aeneas by Henry Purcell – Myth, Summary & Analysis|website=Study.com|access-date=2022-10-27}}</ref>
* [[Boston]] suffers a [[smallpox]] epidemic.<ref name="Umich1:11">{{cite book|url=https://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/evans/N27531.0001.001/1:11?rgn=div1;view=fulltext|title=A brief history of epidemic and pestilential diseases; with the principal phenomena of the physical world, which precede and accompany them, and observations deduced from the facts stated |first=Noah|last= Webster|volume=I |date=September 2008 |access-date=October 27, 2022}}</ref></onlyinclude>

== Births ==

[[File:Charles Montesquieu.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Montesquieu]] born [[18 January]]]]
[[File:Pierre-Joseph_Alary_-_Versailles_MV_2971.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Pierre-Joseph Alary]] born [[19 March]]]]
[[File:Ward-richard.RI.Governor.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Richard Ward (governor)]] born [[15 April]]]]
[[File:Gobert, attributed - Marie Anne de Bourbon, Princess of Condé - Versailles, MV3758.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Marie Anne de Bourbon (1689–1720)|Marie Anne de Bourbon]] born [[18 April]]]]

[[File:Antoine-Louis_Rouill%C3%A9_(1689-1761).jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Antoine Louis Rouillé]] born [[7 June]]]]
[[File:Mary_Montagu.JPG|thumb|right|110px|[[Mary Montagu, Duchess of Montagu (1689–1751)|Mary Montagu, Duchess of Montagu]] born [[15 July]]]]
[[File:Szymon Czechowicz.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Szymon Czechowicz]] born [[22 July]]]]
[[File:Prince William of Denmark.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Prince William, Duke of Gloucester]] born [[24 July]]]]
[[File:Benzelius, Henric ur 427 porträtter af namnkunniga svenske män och fruntimmer (1847).jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Henric Benzelius]] born [[7 August]]]]
[[File:Jan Vilímek - Kilian Ignác Dinzenhofer.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Kilian Ignaz Dientzenhofer]] born [[1 September]]]]
[[File:Anna_Sophie_Schack_(1689-1760).png|thumb|right|110px|[[Anna Sophie Schack]] born [[4 September]]]]
[[File:SB 2530-Catharina Backer (1689-1766).jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Catharina Backer]] born [[22 September]]]]
[[File:Nij%C5%8D_Yoshitada.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Nijō Yoshitada]] born [[26 September]]]]
[[File:Frans_van_Mieris_(II),_by_Jacob_Houbraken.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Frans van Mieris the Younger]] born [[24 December]]]]
=== January ===
* [[January 7]] – [[Robert Murray (British Army officer, born 1689)|Robert Murray]], Brigadier-General, Scottish soldier, Member of Parliament (d. [[1738]])
* [[January 11]] – [[Charles Parkin]], English clergyman and antiquarian (d. [[1765]])
* [[January 15]] – [[Giovanni Gaetano Bottari]], Italian scholar and critic (d. [[1775]])
* [[January 16]] – [[Edmond Jean François Barbier]], French historian (d. [[1771]])
* [[January 18]]
** [[Montesquieu]], French social commentator and political thinker (d. [[1755]])
** [[Jan Abel Wassenbergh]], painter from the Northern Netherlands (d. [[1750]])
* [[January 21]] – [[Daniel Henchman (publisher)|Daniel Henchman]], bookseller (d. [[1761]])
* [[January 22]] – [[Philibert Orry]], French politician (d. [[1747]])
* [[January 23]] – [[Joseph Ames (author)|Joseph Ames]], English bibliographer and antiquary (d. [[1759]])
* [[January 24]] – [[Gaspare Diziani]], Italian painter (d. [[1767]])
* [[January 29]] – [[James Rait]], Bishop of Brechin (d. [[1777]])
=== February ===
* [[February 1]] – [[Thomas Jenner (theologian)|Thomas Jenner]], English academic (d. [[1768]])
* [[February 3]] – [[Blas de Lezo]], admiral of the Spanish Empire (d. [[1741]])
* [[February 23]] – [[Leonardo Antonio Olivieri]], Italian painter (d. [[1752]])
* c. [[February 23]] – [[Samuel Bellamy]], English pirate captain (d. [[1717]])
* [[February 27]]
** [[Pietro Gnocchi]], Italian composer (d. [[1775]])
** [[John Roosevelt (politician)|John Roosevelt]], American businessman and alderman (d. [[1750]])
** [[Maximilian Emanuel of Württemberg-Winnental]], German noble (d. [[1709]])
=== March ===
* [[March 3]] – [[Thomas Ingoldsby (politician)|Thomas Ingoldsby]], British politician (d. [[1768]])
* March 3 – [[Mattias Alexander von Ungern-Sternberg]], Swedish politician and field marshal (d. [[1763]])
* [[March 7]] – [[Charles-Michel Mesaiger]], Jesuit priest (d. [[1766]])
* [[March 11]]
** [[Roger Handasyd]], British Army officer (d. [[1763]])
** [[Nanbu Toshimoto]], mid-Edo period Japanese samurai, the 6th daimyō of Morioka Domain (d. [[1725]])
* [[March 19]] – [[Pierre-Joseph Alary]], French ecclesiastic and writer (d. [[1770]])
* [[March 20]] – [[Thomas Robie]], Colonial American scientist and physician (d. [[1729]])
* [[March 25]] – [[Peder Hersleb]], Norwegian bishop (d. [[1757]])
* [[March 26]] – [[Archduchess Maria Magdalena of Austria (1689–1743)|Archduchess Maria Magdalena of Austria]], Austrian Royal (d. [[1743]])

=== April ===
* [[April 2]] – [[Arthur Dobbs]], Irish politician, governor of the Province of North Carolina (d. [[1765]])
* [[April 5]] – [[William Holmes (academic)|William Holmes]], English academic and Dean of Exeter (d. [[1748]])
* [[April 14]] – [[William Murray, Marquess of Tullibardine]], Scottish army officer and Jacobite leader (d. [[1746]])
* [[April 15]] – [[Richard Ward (governor)|Richard Ward]], American colonial governor (d. [[1763]])
* [[April 18]] – [[Marie Anne de Bourbon (1689–1720)|Marie Anne de Bourbon]], French noble (d. [[1720]])
* [[April 21]] – [[Johann Jakob Fried]], German obstetrician (d. [[1769]])
* [[April 24]] – [[Giovanni Antonio Faldoni]], Italian painter and engraver (d. [[1770]])
* [[April 30]] – [[Jean-Jacques Amelot de Chaillou]], French politician (d. [[1749]])
=== May ===
* [[May 1]] – [[Martha Fowke]], English poet (d. [[1736]])
* [[May 2]] – [[Franz de Paula Ferg]], Austrian painter (d. [[1740]])
* [[May 5]] – [[John Tufts (music educator)|John Tufts]], American minister and music educator (d. [[1750]])
* [[May 10]] – [[José Manso de Velasco, 1st Count of Superunda]], Royal Governor of Chile (d. [[1767]])
* [[May 11]] – [[Heinrich Karl Ludwig de Herault]], Prussian Army general (d. [[1757]])
* [[May 15]] – [[Lady Mary Wortley Montagu]], writer and poet from England (d. [[1762]])
* [[May 16]] – [[Samuel Adams Sr.]], American brewer (d. [[1748]])
* [[May 21]] – [[André-François Deslandes]], French philosopher (d. [[1757]])
* [[May 24]] – [[Daniel Finch, 8th Earl of Winchilsea]], British politician (d. [[1769]])
* [[May 27]] – [[Andreas Jakob von Dietrichstein]], Archbishop of Salzburg (d. [[1753]])
* [[May 28]] – [[Maximilian of Hesse-Kassel]], German prince (d. [[1753]])
* [[May 29]] – [[Louis de Gramont, 6th Duke of Gramont]], French general (d. [[1745]])
=== June ===
* [[June 1]] – [[Henri François, comte de Ségur]], French general (d. [[1751]])
* [[June 2]] – [[Edward Harley, 2nd Earl of Oxford and Earl Mortimer]], British politician, bibliophile, collector and patron of the arts (d. [[1741]])
* [[June 6]] – [[Algernon Coote, 6th Earl of Mountrath]], Irish politician (d. [[1744]])
* [[June 7]] – [[Antoine Louis Rouillé]], French noble (d. [[1761]])
* [[June 12]] – [[Sir Richard Grosvenor, 4th Baronet]], British politician; (d. [[1732]])
* [[June 19]] – [[Montague Blundell, 1st Viscount Blundell]], Irish Viscount (d. [[1756]])
* [[June 23]] – [[George Hay, 8th Earl of Kinnoull]], British diplomat (d. [[1758]])
* [[June 24]] – [[Giovanni Casini]], Portrait painter and sculptor (d. [[1748]])
* [[June 26]]
** [[Edward Holyoke]], American academic administrator, 9th president of Harvard (d. [[1769]])
** [[James Radclyffe, 3rd Earl of Derwentwater]], English noble (d. [[1716]])
=== July ===
* [[July 6]] – [[Johann Friedrich Karl von Ostein]], Roman Catholic archbishop (d. [[1763]])
* [[July 9]] – [[Alexis Piron]], French writer (d. [[1773]])
* [[July 14]] – [[Antoine Gaubil]], French missionary (d. [[1759]])
* [[July 15]] – [[Mary Montagu, Duchess of Montagu (1689–1751)|Mary Montagu, Duchess of Montagu]] (d. [[1751]])
* [[July 16]] – [[Samuel Molyneux]], Irish politician (d. [[1728]])
* [[July 17]] – [[Christian, Landgrave of Hesse-Wanfried-Rheinfels]] (d. [[1755]])
* [[July 21]] – [[John Quincy]], American soldier and politician (d. [[1767]])
* [[July 22]] – [[Szymon Czechowicz]], Polish artist (d. [[1775]])
* [[July 24]] – [[Prince William, Duke of Gloucester]], son of Queen Anne (d. [[1700]])
* [[July 26]] – [[Maria Anna Josepha Althann]], Spanish noble (d. [[1755]])
=== August ===
* [[August 1]] – [[Pedro de Calatayud]], writer (d. [[1773]])
* [[August 3]] – [[Ladislas Ignace de Bercheny]], Marshal of France (d. [[1778]])
* [[August 4]] – [[James Cotter the Younger]], Leader of the Catholics of Cork (d. [[1720]])
* [[August 7]] – [[Henric Benzelius]], Swedish archbishop (d. [[1758]])
* [[August 8]] – [[Wenzel Lorenz Reiner]], Czech painter (d. [[1743]])
* [[August 19]] – [[Samuel Richardson]], English writer and printer (d. [[1761]])
* [[August 21]] – [[Josep Prades i Gallent]], Organist and composer (d. [[1757]])
=== September ===
* [[September 1]]
** [[Kilian Ignaz Dientzenhofer]], Czech architect (d. [[1751]])
** [[Philipp Segesser]], Swiss missionary (d. [[1762]])
* [[September 4]]
** [[Hugh Bethell (died 1747)|Hugh Bethell]], British Member of Parliament (d. [[1747]])
** [[Thomas Lawrence (mayor)|Thomas Lawrence]], American mayor (d. [[1754]])
** [[Anna Sophie Schack]], Danish noblewoman (d. [[1760]])
* [[September 13]] – [[Johan Fredrik Peringskiöld]], Swedish translator (d. [[1725]])
* [[September 17]] – [[Ferdinand Charles, comte d'Aspremont-Lynden]], army general (d. [[1772]])
* [[September 18]] – [[Gabriel Malagrida]], Italian missionary (d. [[1761]])
* [[September 21]] – [[Jan Klemens Branicki]], Polish noble (d. [[1771]])
* [[September 22]] – [[Catharina Backer]], painter from the Northern Netherlands (d. [[1766]])
* [[September 23]] – [[Antonio Denzio]], Italian opera singer (d. [[1763]])
* [[September 24]] – [[Johann Adam Steinmetz]], German pastor (d. [[1762]])
* [[September 26]] – [[Nijō Yoshitada]], Japanese noble (d. [[1737]])
* [[September 27]] – [[Edward Stanley, 11th Earl of Derby]], English noble and politician (d. [[1776]])
* [[September 29]] – [[Henry Perrot]], British Member of Parliament (d. [[1740]])
* [[September 30]] – [[Jacques Aubert]], French composer and violinist (d. [[1753]])
=== October ===
* [[October 10]] – [[Francesco Maria Pratilli]], Italian priest, antiquarian, famed for skilled forgeries (d. [[1763]])
* [[October 15]] – [[Nicolas-Ignace de Beaubois]], French missionary (d. [[1770]])
* [[October 22]]
** King [[John V of Portugal]], Portuguese king (d. [[1750]])
** [[Matthew Skinner]], English serjeant-at-law, judge and politician (d. [[1749]])
* [[October 29]] – [[Tokugawa Yoshimichi]], daimyo (d. [[1713]])
* [[October 31]] – [[Mildmay Fane]], British politician (d. [[1715]])
=== November ===
* [[November 2]]
** [[Michael Cox (archbishop of Cashel)|Michael Cox]], Anglican archbishop in Ireland (d. [[1779]])
** [[Charles-François Panard]], French chansonnier and poet (d. [[1765]])
** [[Joan Paul Schaghen]], Dutch governor (d. [[1746]])
* [[November 3]]
** [[Jan Josef Ignác Brentner]], Czech composer (d. [[1742]])
** [[John Crowley (1659–1728)|John Crowley]], British Member of Parliament (d. [[1728]])
* [[November 4]] – [[Luís Carlos Inácio Xavier de Meneses, 1st Marquis of Louriçal]], Portuguese nobleman and statesman (d. [[1742]])
* [[November 6]]
** [[Reynolds Calthorpe (1689–1714)|Reynolds Calthorpe]], politician (d. [[1714]])
** [[Christoph Schütz]], German theologian (d. [[1750]])
* [[November 8]] – [[Henry XXXV, Prince of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen]] (d. [[1758]])
* [[November 17]] – [[Jean François Foppens]], Flemish historian (d. [[1761]])
* [[November 21]] – [[Jacques I, Prince of Monaco]], Prince consort of Monaco (d. [[1751]])
* [[November 29]] – [[Johann Theodor Eller]], German chemist and physician (d. [[1760]])
* [[November 30]]
** [[Lars Gathenhielm]], Swedish privateer (d. [[1718]])
** [[Joseph Wamps]], French painter (d. [[1744]])
=== December ===
* [[December 1]] – [[Hieronymus Albrecht Hass]], harpsichord maker (d. [[1752]])
* [[December 4]] – [[Gottfried Lengnich]], historian and politician (d. [[1774]])
* [[December 8]] – [[Albert Wolfgang of Brandenburg-Bayreuth]], Titular margrave of Brandenburg, imperial general (d. [[1734]])
* [[December 11]] – [[Ignatius van der Beken]], Flemish painter (d. [[1774]])
* [[December 14]] – [[Agostino Veracini]], Italian painter (d. [[1762]])
* [[December 21]] – [[Arthur Ingram, 6th Viscount of Irvine]], British peer and politician (d. [[1736]])
* [[December 23]] – [[Joseph Bodin de Boismortier]], French composer (d. [[1755]])
* [[December 24]] – [[Frans van Mieris the Younger]], Dutch painter (d. [[1763]])
* [[December 27]] – [[Jacob August Franckenstein]], Encyclopedia editor, professor (d. [[1733]])

== Deaths ==

[[File:Seth_Ward_(1617-1689).jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Seth Ward (bishop of Salisbury)]] died [[6 January]]]]
[[File:María Luisa de Orleans, reina de España.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Marie Louise d'Orléans]] died [[12 February]]]]
[[File:Sambhaji_painting_late_17th_century.png|thumb|right|110px|[[Sambhaji]] died [[11 March]]]]
[[File:Kazimierz Łyszczyński, portrait.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Kazimierz Łyszczyński]] died [[30 March]]]]
[[File:Anonym Erzherzogin Maria Anna Josepha.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Archduchess Maria Anna Josepha of Austria]] died [[4 April]]]]
[[File:%D0%AF%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B1_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D1%82._%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%9B%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BE_I_%D0%9E%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0_(1684-1689),_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%86%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8F_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Lorenzo Onofrio Colonna, 8th Prince of Paliano|Lorenzo Onofrio Colonna]] died [[14 April]]]]
[[File:Peter Lely - Aphra Behn - Google Art Project.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Aphra Behn]] died [[16 April]]]]
[[File:Swedish queen Drottning Kristina portrait by Sébastien Bourdon stor.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Christina, Queen of Sweden]] died [[19 April]]]]
[[File:Johannes_Priwitzer_Conyers_Darcy_1st_Earl_of_Holderness.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Conyers Darcy, 1st Earl of Holderness]] died [[14 June]]]]
[[File:송시열 초상.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Song Si-yeol]] died [[19 July]]]]
[[File:Inocencius XI.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Pope Innocent XI]] died [[12 August]]]]
[[File:BishopJohnLake.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[John Lake (bishop)]] died [[30 August]]]]
[[File:Jane (née Lane), Lady Fisher from NPG.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Jane Lane, Lady Fisher]] died [[9 September]]]]
[[File:George Ent.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[George Ent]] died [[13 October]]]]
[[File:Rollstuhl_Farfler_1655.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Stephan Farffler]] died [[24 October]]]]

[[File:Thomas Sydenham by Mary Beale.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Thomas Sydenham]] died [[29 December]]]]
=== January ===
* [[January 6]]
** [[Cristoforo Ivanovich]], Venetian historian and librettist of Serb origin (b. [[1628]])
** Bishop [[Seth Ward (bishop of Salisbury)|Seth Ward]], Bishop of Salisbury, mathematician and astronomer (b. [[1617]])
* [[January 9]] – [[Sir Hugh Cholmeley, 4th Baronet]], English politician (b. [[1632]])
* [[January 16]] – [[Gilbert Holles, 3rd Earl of Clare]], English politician (b. [[1633]])
* [[January 18]]
** [[Ernest Günther I, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg]] (b. [[1609]])
** [[Humphrey Lloyd (bishop)|Humphrey Lloyd]], British bishop (b. [[1610]])
* [[January 24]] – [[Henry Waldegrave, 1st Baron Waldegrave]], English peer and Jacobite supporter (b. [[1661]])
* [[January 27]]
** [[Robert Aske (merchant)|Robert Aske]], merchant & haberdasher in the City of London (b. [[1619]])
** [[Sir Henry Beaumont, 2nd Baronet]], English politician (b. [[1638]])
** [[Thomas Colepeper, 2nd Baron Colepeper]], English noble and colonial governor of Virginia (b. [[1635]])
* [[January 28]] – [[Bernardino Corniani]], Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Pula (b. [[1626]])
* [[January 29]] – [[Maria van Cortlandt van Rensselaer]], Dutch director of Rensselaerswyck (Albany, New York) (b. [[1645]])
* [[January 31]] – [[Manuel de Herrera]], Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Durango (b. [[1635]])
=== February ===
* [[February 1]] – [[Sir John Borlase, 2nd Baronet]], English politician (b. [[1642]])
* [[February 4]] – [[Moshe ben Yonatan Galante]], Ottoman rabbi (b. [[1621]])
* [[February 5]] – [[William Coddington Jr.]], Rhode Island colonial governor (b. [[1651]])
* [[February 6]] – [[Metcalfe Robinson]], English politician (b. [[1629]])
* [[February 8]] – [[Sir John Gell, 2nd Baronet]], English politician (b. [[1613]])
* [[February 12]] – [[Marie Louise d'Orléans]], Queen of Spain as the wife of King Charles II (b. [[1662]])

* [[February 13]] – [[Carlo Pio di Savoia]], Italian Catholic cardinal (b. [[1622]])

* [[February 18]] – [[Alexander Farnese, Prince of Parma]], Spanish politician and military personnel (b. [[1635]])
* [[February 19]] – [[Khushal Khattak]], Afghan poet (b. [[1613]])
* [[February 21]] – [[Isaac Vossius]], Dutch classical scholar (b. [[1618]])
* [[February 22]] – [[Willem Ogier]], Flemish playwright (b. [[1618]])
* [[February 24]] – [[Elsa Elisabeth Brahe]], Swedish countess and duchess (b. [[1632]])
* [[February 28]] – [[Thomas Benedict]], American settler (b. [[1617]])

=== March ===
* [[March 7]] – [[Franz Johann von Vogt von Altensumerau und Prasberg]], Bishop of Constance (b. [[1611]])
* [[March 8]] – [[Alexander Parker (Quaker)|Alexander Parker]], British minister (b. [[1628]])
* [[March 9]] – [[François Adhémar de Monteil]], French priest, Bishop of Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux (b. [[1603]])
* [[March 10]] – [[Philip Louis, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Wiesenburg]] (b. [[1620]])
* [[March 11]]
** [[Kim Ik-hun]], Korean General and philosopher, soldier, politician (b. [[1619]])
** [[Sambhaji]], High Protector of the [[Maratha Confederacy|Maratha Empire]] (b. [[1657]])
* [[March 14]] – [[Anthony Coucheron]], Norwegian engineer (b. [[1650]])
* [[March 15]] – [[Yolo (prince)|Yolo]], Qing dynasty prince (b. [[1625]])
* [[March 18]] – [[John Dixwell]], regicide (b. [[1607]])
* [[March 24]]
** [[Thomas Ballard]], American politician (b. [[1630]])
** [[Michiel ten Hove]], Grand Pensionary of Holland (b. [[1640]])
* [[March 26]] – [[Gabriel Milan]], Governor of the Danish West Indies (b. [[1631]])
* [[March 29]] – [[Sir John Hotham, 2nd Baronet]], Member of the House of Commons of England (b. [[1632]])
* [[March 30]] – [[Kazimierz Łyszczyński]], Polish philosopher (b. [[1634]])
* [[March 31]] – [[Tommaso Caracciolo (bishop of Gerace)|Tommaso Caracciolo]], Bishop of Gerace (b. [[1640]])
=== April ===
* [[April 4]] – [[Archduchess Maria Anna Josepha of Austria]], youngest surviving daughter of Ferdinand III (b. [[1654]])
* [[April 12]] – [[John Hunting (settler)|John Hunting]], first ruling elder of the church of Dedham, Massachusetts (b. [[1602]])
* [[April 14]] – [[Lorenzo Onofrio Colonna, 8th Prince of Paliano|Lorenzo Onofrio Colonna]], Italian noble (b. [[1637]])
* [[April 16]] – [[Aphra Behn]], British playwright, poet and spy (b. [[1640]])
* [[April 18]] – [[George Jeffreys, 1st Baron Jeffreys]], Welsh judge, aka the Hanging Judge (b. [[1645]])
* [[April 19]] – [[Christina, Queen of Sweden]], ruled from 1632 until abdication in 1654 (b. [[1626]])
* [[April 22]] – [[Thomas Proby]], English politician (b. [[1632]])
=== May ===
* [[May 11]] – [[Charles Goodall (poet)|Charles Goodall]], English poet (b. [[1671]])
* [[May 12]] – [[Sir John Reresby, 2nd Baronet]], English politician and diarist (b. [[1634]])
* [[May 15]] – [[Jean Paul Médaille]], French Jesuit missionary (b. [[1618]])
* [[May 20]] – [[Estevão Brioso de Figueiredo]], Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Funchal of Olinda (b. [[1630]])
* [[May 23]] – [[Charles Erskine, Earl of Mar]], Scottish noble (b. [[1650]])
* [[May 25]] – [[Charles Errard]], French painter (b. [[1606]])
=== June ===
* [[June 4]] – [[René Gaultier de Varennes]], New France governor (b. [[1635]])
* [[June 7]] – [[Alphonse de Berghes]], Roman Catholic archbishop (b. [[1624]])
* [[June 8]] – [[Decio Azzolino]], Italian Catholic cardinal (b. [[1623]])
* [[June 9]] – [[François Bonnemer]], French painter and engraver (b. [[1638]])
* [[June 10]] – [[Christophe Veyrier]], sculptor (b. [[1637]])
* [[June 13]] – [[William Annand (minister)|William Annand]], Minister of the Church of Scotland and the Church of England (b. [[1633]])
* [[June 14]] – [[Conyers Darcy, 1st Earl of Holderness]], English noble (b. [[1598]])
* [[June 17]]
** [[Jan Baptist de Crépu]], Flemish painter and army officer (b. [[1631]])
** [[Marcin Zamoyski]], Polish noble (b. [[1637]])
* [[June 20]]
** [[Willem Coucheron]], Dutch general in the Dano-Norwegian army (b. [[1600]])
** [[Richard Sherlock (priest)|Richard Sherlock]], English Anglican priest (b. [[1612]])
* [[June 21]] – [[Thomas Blanchet]], French painter (b. [[1614]])
* [[June 25]] – [[William Thomas (bishop of Worcester)|William Thomas]], Welsh Anglican bishop (b. [[1613]])
* [[June 27]] – [[Richard Waldron]], colonial settler, acting President of the Province of New Hampshire (b. [[1615]])
* [[June 28]] – [[Thomas Mainwaring]], English politician (b. [[1623]])
=== July ===
* [[July 1]] – [[Anne Crawford-Lindsay]], Scottish nobility (b. [[1631]])
* [[July 2]] – [[Edward Villiers (1620–1689)|Edward Villiers]], 1st Duke of Buckingham (b. [[1620]])
* [[July 7]] – [[Princess Louise of Savoy]], Hereditary Princess of Baden-Baden (b. [[1627]])
* [[July 8]]
** [[Menahem Mendel Auerbach]], Austrian banker and rabbi (b. [[1620]])
** [[Edward Wooster]], English Connecticut pioneer (b. [[1622]])
* [[July 19]] – [[Song Si-yeol]], Korean philosopher (b. [[1607]])
* [[July 23]] – [[Frederick Wilhelm von Pfalz-Neuburg]], German noble (b. [[1665]])
* [[July 27]] – [[John Graham, 1st Viscount Dundee]], Scottish general (b. [[1648]])
=== August ===
* [[August 6]] – [[Princess Dorothea Sophie of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg]], Electress of Brandenburg (b. [[1636]])
* [[August 9]] – [[Dionisio Lazzari]], Italian sculptor and architect (b. [[1617]])
* [[August 12]] – [[Pope Innocent XI]], pope of the Catholic Church (b. [[1611]])
* [[August 13]] – Count [[Maximilian I, Prince of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen]], Count of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (b. [[1636]])
* [[August 15]] – [[John Gregory (settler)|John Gregory]], Connecticut settler (b. [[1612]])
* [[August 17]]
** [[William Boynton]], English politician (b. [[1641]])
** [[Thomas Street (astronomer)|Thomas Street]], astronomer (b. [[1621]])
* [[August 20]] – [[Antonio Marinari]], Roman Catholic prelate, Auxiliary Bishop of Ostia-Velletri, Titular Bishop of Thagaste (b. [[1605]])
* [[August 21]] – [[William Cleland (poet)|William Cleland]], Scottish poet and soldier (b. c. [[1661]])
* [[August 28]]
** [[Claude-Jean Allouez]], French Jesuit missionary and explorer of North America (b. [[1622]])
** [[Alexander Coosemans]], Flemish still life painter (b. [[1627]])
* [[August 29]] – [[Curwen Rawlinson (MP)|Curwen Rawlinson]], English politician (b. [[1641]])
* [[August 30]] – [[John Lake (bishop)|John Lake]], English bishop (b. [[1624]])
=== September ===
* [[September 6]] – [[Torii Tadanori]], Daimyo who ruled the Takatō Domain in Shinano Province (b. [[1646]])
* [[September 9]] – [[Jane Lane, Lady Fisher]], English Royalist (b. [[1626]])
* [[September 10]] – [[John Belasyse, 1st Baron Belasyse]], English politician and noble (b. [[1614]])
* [[September 13]] – [[Ciro Ferri]], Italian painter, engraver, sculptor and architect (b. [[1634]])
* [[September 15]]
** [[Balthasar Cellarius]], German theologian (b. [[1614]])
** [[Timoléon Cheminais de Montaigu]], French theologian (b. [[1652]])
* [[September 18]] – [[Sir Richard Head, 1st Baronet]], English politician (b. [[1600]])
* [[September 26]] – [[August, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck]] (b. [[1652]])
* [[September 30]] – [[Julius Francis, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg]], Bohemian noble (b. [[1641]])
=== October ===
* [[October 1]] – [[Alexander Voet the Elder]], Flemish engraver (b. [[1608]])
* [[October 4]] – [[Quirinus Kuhlmann]], German Baroque poet and mystic (b. [[1651]])
* [[October 11]] – [[Fyodor Shaklovity]], Russian diplomat (b. [[1640]])
* [[October 13]] – [[George Ent]], English scientist and physician; (b. [[1604]])
* [[October 14]] – [[Adolph John I, Count Palatine of Kleeburg]], Swedish prince (b. [[1629]])
* [[October 15]] – [[Sir Edward Dering, 3rd Baronet]], English politician (b. [[1650]])
* [[October 24]] – [[Stephan Farffler]], German inventor (b. [[1633]])
* [[October 25]] – [[Joseph Maynard]], English politician (b. [[1639]])
* [[October 30]] – [[Pier Antonio Capobianco]], Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Lacedonia (b. [[1619]])
=== November ===
* [[November 9]] – [[Enea Silvio Piccolomini (general)|Enea Silvio Piccolomini]], imperial general (b. [[1651]])
* [[November 12]] – [[Justus de Verwer]], Dutch painter and illustrator (b. [[1625]])
* [[November 13]]
** [[Matteo Borboni]], Italian painter (b. [[1610]])
** [[Philipp von Zesen]], German poet (b. [[1619]])
* [[November 16]] – [[Cornelis Mahu]], Flemish painter (b. [[1613]])
* [[November 18]] – [[Jacob van der Ulft]], painter from the Northern Netherlands (b. [[1621]])
* [[November 19]] – [[Elizabeth Cavendish, Countess of Devonshire]], English noblewoman; (b. [[1619]])
* [[November 20]] – [[Samuel Peterson]], American city founder (b. [[1639]])
* [[November 24]] – [[Carey Dillon, 5th Earl of Roscommon]], Irish nobleman and professional soldier (b. [[1627]])
* [[November 26]] – [[Marquard Gude]], German archaeologist (b. [[1635]])
=== December ===
* [[December 2]] – [[George Speke (politician, died 1689)|George Speke]], English politician (b. [[1623]])
* [[December 6]] – [[Pjetër Bogdani]], Albanian priest and writer (b. c. [[1630]])
* [[December 12]] – [[Louis Ferdinand Elle the Elder]], French painter (b. [[1612]])
* [[December 15]] – [[Anne Neville (abbess)|Anne Neville]], abbess of Pontoise (b. [[1605]])
* [[December 16]]
** [[Cornelis Geelvinck]], Dutch mayor (b. [[1621]])
** [[Thomas Wyndham (of Witham Friary)|Thomas Wyndham]], English Member of Parliament (b. [[1640]])
* [[December 25]] – [[Oliver Montagu]], English Member of Parliament (b. [[1655]])
* [[December 27]] – [[Gervase Bryan]], English clergyman (b. [[1622]])
* [[December 28]] – [[Pietro Montanini]], Italian painter (b. [[1626]])
* [[December 29]]
** [[Olfert Dapper]], Dutch physician and writer (b. [[1636]])
** [[George Kinnaird, 1st Lord Kinnaird]], Scottish aristocrat (b. [[1622]])
** [[Françoise Bertaut de Motteville]], French writer (b. [[1621]])
** [[Thomas Sydenham]], English physician (b. [[1624]])
* [[December 31]]
** [[Felipe Fernandez de Pardo]], Roman Catholic prelate, Archbishop of Manila (b. [[1611]])
** [[Gilbert de Choiseul Duplessis Praslin]], Roman Catholic bishop (b. [[1613]])
** [[Anders Sinclair]], Scottish soldier who joined Swedish service during the Thirty Years' War (b. [[1614]])

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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{{Commons category-inline}}
[[Category:1689| ]]

April 3

2025-07-14T17:54:45Z

69.62.159.204: /* 1901–present */

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{{This date in recent years}}
{{Day}}

==Events==
===Pre-1600===
* [[686]] – [[Maya civilization|Maya]] king [[Yuknoom Yich'aak K'ahk']] assumes the crown of [[Calakmul]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Martin|first1=Simon|last2=Grube|first2=Nikolai|title=Chronicle of the Maya Kings and Queens: Deciphering the Dynasties of the Ancient Maya|location=London|publisher=Thames & Hudson|date=2008|isbn=9780500287262|page=110}}</ref>
*[[1043]] – [[Edward the Confessor]] is crowned [[King of England]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Barlow|first=Frank|title=Edward the Confessor|location=New Haven, Conn.|publisher=Yale University Press|date=1997|isbn=9780300071566|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DSuFAwAAQBAJ|page=61}}</ref>
*[[1077]] – The Patriarchate of Friûl, the first [[Friuli]]an state, is created.<ref>{{cite book|last=Coluzzii|first=Paolo|title=Minority Language Planning and Micronationalism in Italy: An Analysis of the Situation of Friulian, Cimbrian and Western Lombard With Reference to Spanish Minority Languages|location=Oxford, UK|publisher=Peter Lang|date=2007|isbn=9783039110414|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yTQnOahQ4T4C|page=171}}</ref>
*[[1559]] – The second of two treaties making up the [[Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis]] is signed, ending the [[Italian Wars]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Ramcharan|first=Bertrand G.|title=International Peace Conferences|location=Leiden|publisher=Brill Nijhoff|date=2015|isbn=9789004245891|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SVOeBQAAQBAJ|pages=19–20}}</ref>
*[[1589]] – The [[janissaries]] [[Beylerbeyi event|revolt]] in response to the debasement of coins.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Somel |first1=Selcuk Aksin |title=Historical Dictionary of the Ottoman Empire |date=13 February 2003 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0-8108-6606-5 |page=xxxiii |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jGZQL41tg_oC |access-date=22 October 2024 |language=en}}</ref>

===1601–1900===
*[[1721]] – [[Robert Walpole]] becomes, in effect, the first [[Prime Minister of Great Britain]], though he himself denied that title.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Marples|first=Alice|date=1 April 2021|title=Sir Robert Walpole: Britain's first Prime Minister|url=https://blog.nationalarchives.gov.uk/sir-robert-walpole-britains-first-prime-minister|url-status=live|access-date=3 April 2021|website=[[The National Archives (United Kingdom)|The National Archives]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210401162823/https://blog.nationalarchives.gov.uk/sir-robert-walpole-britains-first-prime-minister/ |archive-date=2021-04-01 }}</ref>
*[[1851]] – [[Mongkut|Rama IV]] is crowned [[Monarchy of Thailand|King]] of [[Thailand]] after the death of his half-brother, [[Rama III]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Bowman|first=John Stewart|title=Columbia Chronologies of Asian History and Culture|location=New York|publisher=Columbia University Press|date=2000|isbn=9780231110044|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YkqsAgAAQBAJ|page=515|postscript=none}}; {{cite book|last1=Soonthornthum|first1=Boonrucksar|last2=Orchiston|first2=Wayne|chapter=King Rama IV: Astronomer and 'The Father of Thai Science'|title=Exploring the History of Southeast Asian Astronomy: A Review of Current Projects and Future Prospects and Possibilities|editor-last1=Soonthornthum|editor-first1=Boonrucksar|editor-last2=Orchiston|editor-first2=Wayne|location=Cham, Switzerland|publisher=Springer|date=2021|isbn=9783030627775|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aUw2EAAAQBAJ|page=253}}</ref>
*[[1860]] – The first successful United States [[Pony Express]] run from [[St. Joseph, Missouri]], to [[Sacramento, California]], begins.<ref>{{cite book|last=Corbett|first=Christopher|title=Orphans Preferred: The Twisted Truth and Lasting Legend of the Pony Express|location=New York|publisher=Broadway Books|date=2003|isbn=9780767906920|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vGE9DwAAQBAJ|pages=46–48}}</ref>
*[[1865]] – [[American Civil War]]: [[Union (American Civil War)|Union]] forces capture [[Richmond, Virginia]], the capital of the [[Confederate States of America]].<ref>{{cite book|last=McPherson|first=James|title=Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era|location=New York|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=2006|isbn=9780195038637|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GXfGuNAvm7AC|page=837}}</ref>
*[[1882]] – [[American Old West]]: [[Robert Ford (outlaw)|Robert Ford]] kills [[Jesse James]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Stiles|first=T.J.|title=Jesse James: Last Rebel of the Civil War|location=New York|publisher=Vintage Books|date=2003|isbn=9780375705588|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lQ5FmmamezsC|pages=3–4}}</ref>
*[[1885]] – [[Gottlieb Daimler]] is granted a German [[patent]] for a light, high-speed, four-stroke [[engine]], which he uses seven months later to create the world's first motorcycle, the [[Daimler Reitwagen]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Avery|first=Derek|title=Motorcycles|location=London|publisher=Caxton Editions|date=2003|isbn=9781840673203|page=4|postscript=none}}; {{cite book|last=Mangone|first=Gerard J.|title=Marine Policy for America|location=New York|publisher=Taylor & Francis|date=1988|isbn=9780844815374|page=41}}</ref>
*[[1888]] – [[Jack the Ripper]]: The first of 11 [[Whitechapel murders|unsolved brutal murders]] of women committed in or near the impoverished [[Whitechapel]] district in the [[East End of London]], occurs.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Keppel|first1=Robert D.|last2=Birnes|first2=William J.|title=Serial Violence: Analysis of Modus Operandi and Signature Characteristics of Killers|location=Boca Raton, Fla.|publisher=CRC Press|date=2009|isbn=9781420066326|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MC_5RNi2Yc0C|pages=41–42}}</ref>
*[[1895]] – The trial in the [[libel]] case brought by [[Oscar Wilde]] begins, eventually resulting in his imprisonment on charges of [[homosexuality]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Grech|first=Leanne|title=Oscar Wilde's Aesthetic Education: The Oxford Classical Curriculum|location=Cham, Switzerland|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|date=2019|isbn=9783030143749|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4niQDwAAQBAJ|page=210}}</ref>

===1901–present===
*[[1905]] – Association football club [[Club Atlético Boca Juniors|Boca Juniors]] is founded in [[Buenos Aires]], [[Argentina]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Boca turns 120 years old, these are the 10 best in its history according to AI|url=https://derechadiario.com.ar/us/argentina/boca-turns-120-years-old-these-are-the-10-best-in-its-history-according-to-ai|website=La Derecha Diario|access-date=3 April 2025}}</ref>
*[[1920]] – Attempts are made to carry out the failed [[Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim#1920 assassination attempt|assassination attempt on General Mannerheim]], led by Aleksander Weckman by order of [[Eino Rahja]], during the [[White Guard (Finland)|White Guard]] parade in [[Tampere]], Finland.<ref>[http://www.mikkoporvali.fi/index.php?page=1038&lang=1 Mikko Porvali : Murhayritys joka jäi tekemättä] (in Finnish)</ref><ref>[https://walkhelsinki.fi/mannerheimin-murhayrityksen-jalkinaytos-kaytiin-vallilassa/ Mannerheimin murhayrityksen jälkinäytös käytiin Vallilassa] (in Finnish)</ref>
*[[1922]] – [[Joseph Stalin]] becomes the first [[General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union]].
*[[1933]] – First flight over [[Mount Everest]], the British [[Houston-Mount Everest Flight Expedition]], led by the [[Douglas Douglas-Hamilton, 14th Duke of Hamilton|Marquis of Clydesdale]] and funded by [[Lucy, Lady Houston]].<ref>{{cite web |title=WINGS OVER EVEREST: The Story of the Houston - Mt. Everest Flight|url=https://movingimage.nls.uk/film/7075#:~:text=Description%3A%20The%20first%20flight%20over,was%20funded%20by%20Lady%20Houston.|website=movingimage.nls.ukwww.parliament.uk |access-date=March 22, 2024}}</ref>
*[[1936]] – [[Bruno Richard Hauptmann]] is executed for the kidnapping and death of [[Lindbergh kidnapping|Charles Augustus Lindbergh Jr.]], the infant son of pilot [[Charles Lindbergh]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Lindbergh Kidnapping|url=https://www.fbi.gov/history/famous-cases/lindbergh-kidnapping|website=fbi.gov |access-date=March 22, 2024}}</ref>
*[[1942]] – [[World War II]]: [[Empire of Japan|Japanese]] forces begin an assault on the United States and [[Commonwealth of the Philippines|Filipino]] troops on the [[Battle of Bataan|Bataan Peninsula]].
*[[1946]] – Japanese [[Lt. General]] [[Masaharu Homma]] is executed in the Philippines for leading the [[Bataan Death March]].
*[[1948]] – [[Cold War]]: U.S. President [[Harry S. Truman]] signs the [[Marshall Plan]], authorizing $5 billion in aid for 16 countries.<ref>{{cite web |date=2022-06-29 |title=Marshall Plan (1948)|url=https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/marshall-plan#:~:text=On%20April%203%2C%201948%2C%20President,economic%20infrastructure%20of%20postwar%20Europe. |website=www.archives.gov |access-date=March 23, 2024}}</ref>
* 1948 – In [[Jeju Province]], South Korea, a civil-war-like period of violence and [[human rights abuses]] known as the [[Jeju uprising]] begins.
*[[1955]] – The [[American Civil Liberties Union]] announces it will defend [[Allen Ginsberg]]'s book ''[[Howl (poem)|Howl]]'' against [[obscenity]] charges.
*[[1956]] – [[Hudsonville–Standale tornado of April 1956|Hudsonville–Standale tornado]]: The western half of the [[Lower Peninsula of Michigan]] is struck by a deadly [[Fujita scale|F5]] tornado.
*[[1961]] – [[LAN-Chile Flight 621]] crashes in the [[Andes]] mountains, killing 21 people, including Argentinian football player [[Eliseo Mouriño]].<ref name="Mirror">{{cite web |author=Mackay |first=Don |date=5 February 2015 |title=Football team's plane wreck found in Chile after more than 50 years |url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/world-news/football-teams-plane-wreck-found-5107420 |accessdate=8 February 2015 |publisher=The Mirror}}</ref>
*[[1968]] – [[Martin Luther King Jr.]] delivers his "[[I've Been to the Mountaintop]]" speech; he was assassinated the next day.<ref>{{cite web |title="I've Been to the Mountaintop" |url=https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/ive-been-mountaintop |website=stanford.edu |publisher=The Martin Luther King, Jr. Research and Education Institute |access-date=March 23, 2024}}</ref>
*[[1969]] – [[Vietnam War]]: [[United States Secretary of Defense]] [[Melvin Laird]] announces that the United States will start to "[[Vietnamization|Vietnamize]]" the war effort.
*[[1973]] – [[Martin Cooper (inventor)|Martin Cooper]] of [[Motorola]] makes the [[History of mobile phones|first handheld mobile phone call]] to [[Joel S. Engel]] of [[Bell Labs]].
*[[1974]] – [[1974 Super Outbreak|The 1974 Super Outbreak]] occurs, the second largest tornado outbreak in recorded history (after the [[2011 Super Outbreak]]). The death toll is 315, with nearly 5,500 injured.
*[[1975]] – Vietnam War: [[Operation Babylift]], a mass evacuation of children in the closing stages of the war begins.<ref>Martin, Allison, ''The Legacy of Operation Babylift'', Adoption Today journal, Volume 2, Number 4 March 2000. "On April 3rd, a combination of private and military transport planes began to fly more children out of Vietnam as part of the operation. Numbers vary, but it appears that at least 2,000 children were flown to the United States and approximately 1,300 children were flown to Canada, Europe and Australia."</ref>
* 1975 – [[Bobby Fischer]] [[World Chess Championship 1975|refuses to play]] in a [[chess]] match against [[Anatoly Karpov]], giving Karpov the title of World Champion by default.
*[[1980]] – [[Us congress|US Congress]] restores a federal trust relationship with the 501 members of the [[Shivwits Band of Paiutes|Shivwits]], Kanosh, Koosharem, and the Indian Peaks and Cedar City bands of the [[Paiute]] people of Utah.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=The Native North American Almanac|last=Champagne|first=Duane|publisher=Gale Group|year=2001|isbn=0787616559|location=Farmington Hills, MI}}</ref>
*[[1981]] – The [[Osborne 1]], the first successful [[portable computer]], is unveiled at the [[West Coast Computer Faire]] in [[San Francisco]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Osborne launches the first portable computer, the Osborne 1|url=https://www.computinghistory.org.uk/det/5941/The-first-portable-computer-is-launched/|website=www.computinghistory.org.uk |access-date=March 23, 2024}}</ref>
*[[1989]] – The [[US supreme court|US Supreme Court]] upholds the jurisdictional rights of [[tribal court]]s under the [[Indian Child Welfare Act|Indian Child Welfare Act of 1978]] in [[Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians v. Holyfield|Mississippi Choctaw Band v. Holyfield]].<ref name=":0" />
*[[1993]] – The outcome of the [[Grand National]] horse race is declared void for the first (and only) time.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.grandnational.org.uk/news/the-grand-national-that-never-was/|title=The Grand National That Never Was|date=27 January 2020 |website=Grand National |first1=John |last1=Hill |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326033310/https://www.grandnational.org.uk/news/the-grand-national-that-never-was/ |archive-date= Mar 26, 2023 }}</ref>
*[[1996]] – Suspected "Unabomber" [[Theodore Kaczynski]] is captured at his [[Montana]] cabin in the United States.
* 1996 – A [[United States Air Force]] [[Boeing T-43]] [[1996 Croatia USAF CT-43 crash|crashes]] near [[Dubrovnik Airport]] in [[Croatia]], killing 35, including [[United States Secretary of Commerce|Secretary of Commerce]] [[Ron Brown]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ranter |first=Harro |title=ASN Aircraft accident Boeing T-43A (737-200) 73-1149 Dubrovnik Airport (DBV) |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19960403-0 |website=aviation-safety.net |publisher=[[Aviation Safety Network]]|access-date=2 April 2022}}</ref>
*[[1997]] – The [[Thalit massacre]] begins in [[Algeria]]; all but one of the 53 inhabitants of [[Thalit]] are killed by guerrillas.
*[[2000]] – ''[[United States v. Microsoft Corp. (2001)|United States v. Microsoft Corp.]]'': [[Microsoft]] is ruled to have violated [[United States antitrust law]] by keeping "an oppressive thumb" on its competitors.
*[[2004]] – [[Islamic terrorists]] involved in the [[2004 Madrid train bombings]] are trapped by the police in their apartment and kill themselves.
*[[2007]] – [[TGV world speed record#Record of 2007|Conventional-Train World Speed Record]]: A French [[TGV]] train on the [[LGV Est]] high speed line sets an official new world speed record of 574.8 km/h (159.6 m/s, 357.2 mph).
*[[2008]] – [[ATA Airlines]], once one of the ten largest U.S. passenger airlines and largest charter airline, files for bankruptcy for the second time in five years and ceases all operations.
* 2008 – [[Texas]] law enforcement cordons off the [[Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints|FLDS]]'s [[YFZ Ranch]]. Eventually 533 women and children will be taken into state custody.
*[[2009]] – Jiverly Antares Wong [[2009 Binghamton shooting|opens fire]] at the [[American Civic Association (Binghamton)|American Civic Association]] immigration center in [[Binghamton, New York]], killing thirteen and wounding four before committing suicide.
*[[2010]] – [[Apple Inc.]] released the [[IPad (1st generation)|first generation iPad]], a [[tablet computer]].
*[[2013]] – More than 50 people die in [[2013 Argentina floods|floods]] resulting from record-breaking rainfall in [[La Plata]] and [[Buenos Aires]], Argentina.
*[[2016]] – The [[Panama Papers]], a [[news leak|leak]] of legal documents, reveals information on 214,488 [[Offshore financial centre|offshore companies]].
*[[2017]] – A [[2017 Saint Petersburg Metro bombing|bomb explodes]] in the [[St Petersburg]] metro system, killing 14 and injuring several more people.
*[[2018]] – [[YouTube headquarters shooting]]: A 38-year-old gunwoman opens fire at YouTube Headquarters in [[San Bruno, California]], injuring three people before committing suicide.<ref>{{Cite web |title=YouTube headquarters shooting: How the attack unfolded |url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/shooting-youtubes-calif-headquarters-unfolded/story?id=54227873 |access-date=2022-04-03 |website=ABC News |language=en}}</ref>

==Births==

===Pre-1600===
*[[1016]] – [[Emperor Xingzong of Liao|Xing Zong]], Chinese emperor (died 1055)
*[[1151]] – [[Igor Svyatoslavich]], Kievan Rus' prince (died 1202)<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Igor-Svyatoslavich |title=Igor Svyatoslavich |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica |edition=Online |access-date=10 April 2025}}</ref>
*[[1395]] – [[George of Trebizond]], Greek philosopher, scholar and humanist (died 1486)<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qiQbRJw_nLEC&dq=%2B%22George+of+Trebizond%22+%2B%223+april%22&pg=PA4 | title=George of Trebizond: A Biography and a Study of His Rhetoric and Logic | isbn=9004043705 | last1=Monfasani | first1=John | year=1976 | publisher=BRILL }}</ref>
*[[1438]] – [[John III of Egmont]], Dutch nobleman (died 1516)
*[[1529]] – [[Michael Neander]], German mathematician and astronomer (died 1581)
*[[1540]] – [[Maria de' Medici (1540–1557)|Maria de' Medici]], Italian noblewoman, the eldest daughter of Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Eleonora di Toledo. (died 1557)
*[[1593]] – [[George Herbert]], English poet (died 1633)

===1601–1900===
*[[1643]] – [[Charles V, Duke of Lorraine|Charles V]], duke of Lorraine (died 1690)
*[[1682]] – [[Valentin Rathgeber]], German organist and composer (died 1750)
*[[1693]] – [[George Edwards (naturalist)|George Edwards]], English ornithologist and entomologist (died 1773)
*[[1715]] – [[William Watson (scientist)|William Watson]], English physician, physicist, and botanist (died 1787)
*[[1764]] – [[John Abernethy (surgeon)|John Abernethy]], English surgeon and anatomist (died 1831)
*[[1769]] – [[Christian Günther von Bernstorff]], Danish-Prussian politician and diplomat (died 1835)
*[[1770]] – [[Theodoros Kolokotronis]], Greek general (died 1843)
*[[1778]] – [[Pierre Bretonneau]], French doctor who performed the first successful tracheotomy (died 1862)
*[[1781]] – [[Swaminarayan]], Indian religious leader (died 1830)
*[[1782]] – [[Alexander Macomb (general)|Alexander Macomb]], American general (died 1841)
*[[1783]] – [[Washington Irving]], American short story writer, essayist, biographer, historian (died 1859)
*[[1791]] – [[Anne Lister]], English diarist, mountaineer, and traveller (died 1840)
*[[1798]] – [[Charles Wilkes]], American admiral, geographer, and explorer (died 1877)
*[[1807]] – [[Mary Carpenter]], English educational and [[social reformer]] (died 1877)<ref>{{cite book|first=Joseph Estlin|last=Carpenter|title=The Life and Work of Mary Carpenter|location=London|publisher=Macmillan|year=1879|page=1|oclc=1043956884}}</ref>
*[[1814]] – [[Lorenzo Snow]], American religious leader, 5th [[President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] (died 1901)
*[[1822]] – [[Edward Everett Hale]], American minister, historian, and author (died 1909)
*[[1823]] – [[George Derby]], American lieutenant and journalist (died 1861)
* 1823 – [[William M. Tweed]], American politician (died 1878)
*[[1826]] – [[Cyrus K. Holliday]], American businessman (died 1900)
*[[1837]] – [[John Burroughs]], American botanist and author (died 1921)
*[[1842]] – [[Ulric Dahlgren]], American colonel (died 1864)
*[[1848]] – [[Arturo Prat]], Chilean lawyer and captain (died 1879)
*[[1852]] – [[Talbot Baines Reed]], English author (died 1893)<ref>{{cite book|last= Morison|first= Stanley|title= Talbot Baines Reed: Author, Bibliographer, Typefounder|publisher= Published by Stanley Morison: printed privately by the Cambridge University Press|location= Cambridge, England|year= 1960 |pages=1–3}}</ref>
*[[1858]] – [[Jacob Gaudaur]], Canadian rower (died 1937)
*[[1860]] – [[Frederik van Eeden]], Dutch psychiatrist and author (died 1932)
*[[1864]] – [[Emil Kellenberger]], Swiss target shooter (died 1943)
*[[1875]] – [[Mistinguett]], French actress and singer (died 1956)
*[[1876]] – [[Margaret Anglin]], Canadian actress, director, and producer (died 1958)
* 1876 – [[Tomáš Baťa]], Czech businessman, founded [[Bata Shoes]] (died 1932)
*[[1880]] – [[Otto Weininger]], Jewish-Austrian philosopher and author (died 1903)
*[[1881]] – [[Alcide De Gasperi]], Italian journalist and politician, 30th [[Prime Minister of Italy]] (died 1954)
*[[1882]] – [[Philippe Desranleau]], Canadian archbishop (died 1952)
*[[1883]] – [[Ikki Kita]], Japanese philosopher and author (died 1937)
*[[1885]] – [[Allan Dwan]], Canadian-American director, producer, and screenwriter (died 1981)
* 1885 – [[Bud Fisher]], American cartoonist (died 1954)
* 1885 – [[Marie-Victorin Kirouac]], Canadian botanist and academic (died 1944)
* 1885 – [[St John Philby]], English colonial and explorer (died 1960)
*[[1886]] – [[Dooley Wilson]], American actor and singer (died 1953)
*[[1887]] – [[Ōtori Tanigorō]], Japanese sumo wrestler, the 24th [[Makuuchi#Yokozuna|Yokozuna]] (died 1956)
* 1887 – [[Nishizō Tsukahara]], Japanese admiral (died 1966)
*[[1888]] – [[Thomas C. Kinkaid]], American admiral (died 1972)
*[[1889]] – [[Grigoraș Dinicu]], Romanian violinist and composer (died 1949)
*[[1893]] – [[Leslie Howard (actor)|Leslie Howard]], English actor (died 1943)
*[[1895]] – [[Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco]], Italian-American composer and educator (died 1968)
* 1895 – [[Zez Confrey]], American pianist and composer (died 1971)
*[[1897]] – [[Joe Kirkwood Sr.]], Australian golfer (died 1970)
* 1897 – [[Thrasyvoulos Tsakalotos]], Greek general (died 1989)
*[[1898]] – [[David Jack (footballer)|David Jack]], English footballer and manager (died 1958)
* 1898 – [[George Jessel (actor)|George Jessel]], American actor, singer, and producer (died 1981)
* 1898 – [[Henry Luce]], American publisher, co-founded ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' magazine (died 1967)
*[[1900]] – [[Camille Chamoun]], Lebanese lawyer and politician, 7th [[President of Lebanon]] (died 1987)
* 1900 – [[Albert Walsh]], Canadian lawyer and politician, 1st [[Lieutenant Governor of Newfoundland and Labrador|Lieutenant Governor of Newfoundland]] (died 1958)

===1901–present===
* [[1903]] – [[Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay]], Indian social reformer and freedom fighter (died 1988)
*[[1904]] – [[Iron Eyes Cody]], American actor and stuntman (died 1999)
* 1904 – [[Sally Rand]], American dancer (died 1979)
* 1904 – [[Russel Wright]], American furniture designer (died 1976)
*[[1905]] – [[Robert Sink]], American general (died 1965)
*[[1910]] – [[Ted Hook]], Australian public servant (died 1990)
*[[1911]] – [[Nanette Bordeaux]], Canadian-American actress (died 1956)
* 1911 – [[Michael Woodruff]], English-Scottish surgeon and academic (died 2001)
* 1911 – [[Stanisława Walasiewicz]], Polish-American runner (died 1980)
*[[1912]] – [[Dorothy Eden]], New Zealand-English author (died 1982)
* 1912 – [[Grigoris Lambrakis]], Greek physician and politician (died 1963)
*[[1913]] – [[Per Borten]], Norwegian politician, 18th [[Prime Minister of Norway]] (died 2005)
*[[1914]] – [[Ray Getliffe]], Canadian ice hockey player (died 2008)
* 1914 – [[Sam Manekshaw]], Indian field marshal (died 2008)
*[[1915]] – [[Piet de Jong]], Dutch politician and naval officer, [[Prime Minister of the Netherlands]] (died 2016)
* 1915 – [[İhsan Doğramacı]], Turkish physician and academic (died 2010)
*[[1916]] – [[Herb Caen]], American journalist and author (died 1997)
* 1916 – [[Cliff Gladwin]], English cricketer (died 1988)
* 1916 – [[Louis Guglielmi]], Catalan composer (died 1991)
*[[1918]] – [[Mary Anderson (actress, born 1918)|Mary Anderson]], American actress (died 2014)
* 1918 – [[Louis Applebaum]], Canadian composer and conductor (died 2000)
*[[1919]] – [[Ervin Drake]], American songwriter and composer (died 2015)
* 1919 – [[Clairette Oddera]], French-Canadian actress and singer (died 2008)
*[[1920]] – [[Stan Freeman]], American composer and conductor (died 2001)
* 1920 – [[Yoshibayama Junnosuke]], Japanese sumo wrestler, the 43rd [[Makuuchi#Yokozuna|Yokozuna]] (died 1977)
*[[1921]] – [[Robert Karvelas]], American actor (died 1991)
* 1921 – [[Jan Sterling]], American actress (died 2004)
*[[1922]] – [[Yevhen Bulanchyk]], Ukrainian hurdler (died 1996)
* 1922 – [[Doris Day]], American singer and actress (died 2019)
*[[1923]] – [[Daniel Hoffman]], American poet and academic (died 2013)
*[[1924]] – [[Marlon Brando]], American actor and director (died 2004)
* 1924 – [[Roza Shanina]], Russian sergeant and sniper (died 1945)
*[[1925]] – [[Tony Benn]], English pilot and politician, [[Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills|Secretary of State for Industry]] (died 2014)
*[[1926]] – [[Alex Grammas]], American baseball player, manager, and coach (died 2019)
* 1926 – [[Gus Grissom]], American colonel, pilot, and astronaut (died 1967)<ref>{{cite web |title=Virgil I. Grissom {{!}} American astronaut |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Virgil-I-Grissom |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=19 January 2021 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[1927]] – [[Wesley A. Brown]], American general and engineer (died 2012)
*[[1928]] – [[Don Gibson]], American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2003)
* 1928 – [[Emmett Johns]], Canadian priest, founded [[Dans la Rue]] (died 2018)
* 1928 – [[Earl Lloyd]], American basketball player and coach (died 2015)
* 1928 – [[Jennifer Paterson]], English chef and television personality (died 1999)
*[[1929]] – [[Fazlur Rahman Khan]], Bangladeshi engineer and architect, co-designed the [[Willis Tower]] and [[John Hancock Center]] (died 1982)
* 1929 – [[Poul Schlüter]], Danish lawyer and politician, 37th [[Prime Minister of Denmark]] (died 2021)
*[[1930]] – [[Lawton Chiles]], American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 41st [[Governor of Florida]] (died 1998)
* 1930 – [[Helmut Kohl]], German politician, [[Chancellor of Germany (Federal Republic)|Chancellor of Germany]] (died 2017)
* 1930 – [[Mario Benjamín Menéndez]], Argentinian general and politician (died 2015)
* 1930 – [[Wally Moon]], American baseball player and coach (died 2018)
*[[1931]] – [[William Bast]], American screenwriter and author (died 2015)
*[[1933]] – [[Bob Dornan]], American politician
* 1933 – [[Rod Funseth]], American golfer (died 1985)
*[[1934]] – [[Pamela Allen]], New Zealand children's writer and illustrator
* 1934 – [[Jane Goodall]], English primatologist and anthropologist<ref>{{cite web |last=Micalizio |first=Caryl-Sue |date=2024-02-28 |title=Jane Goodall|url=https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/jane-goodall/|website=nationalgeographic.org |access-date=March 23, 2024}}</ref>
* 1934 – [[Jim Parker (American football)|Jim Parker]], American football player (died 2005)
*[[1935]] – [[Harold Kushner]], American rabbi and author (died 2023)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/04/28/books/rabbi-harold-s-kushner-dead.html|title=Rabbi Harold S. Kushner, Reassuring Best-Selling Author, Dies at 88|last=Roberts|first=Sam|newspaper=The New York Times|date=April 28, 2023|access-date=April 28, 2023}}</ref>
*[[1936]] – [[Jimmy McGriff]], American organist and bandleader (died 2008)
* 1936 – [[Harold Vick]], American saxophonist and flute player (died 1987)
*[[1938]] – [[Jeff Barry]], American singer-songwriter, and producer
* 1938 – [[Phil Rodgers]], American golfer (died 2018)
*[[1939]] – [[François de Roubaix]], French composer (died 1975)
* 1939 – [[Hawk Taylor]], American baseball player and coach (died 2012)
* 1939 – [[Paul Craig Roberts]], American economist and politician
*[[1941]] – [[Jan and Dean|Jan Berry]], American singer-songwriter (died 2004)
* 1941 – [[Philippé Wynne]], American soul singer (died 1984)
*[[1942]] – [[Marsha Mason]], American actress
* 1942 – [[Wayne Newton]], American singer
* 1942 – [[Billy Joe Royal]], American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2015)
*[[1943]] – [[Mario Lavista]], Mexican composer (died 2021)
* 1943 – [[Jonathan Lynn]], English actor, director, and screenwriter
* 1943 – [[Richard Manuel]], Canadian singer-songwriter and pianist (died 1986)
* 1943 – [[Hikaru Saeki]], Japanese admiral, the first female [[flag officer|star officer]] of the [[Japan Self-Defense Forces]]
*[[1944]] – [[Peter Colman]], Australian biologist and academic
* 1944 – [[Tony Orlando]], American singer
*[[1945]] – [[Doon Arbus]], American author and journalist
* 1945 – [[Bernie Parent]], Canadian ice hockey player and coach
* 1945 – [[Catherine Spaak]], French actress (died 2022)
*[[1946]] – [[Nicholas Jones (actor)|Nicholas Jones]], English actor
* 1946 – [[Dee Murray]], English bass player (died 1992)
* 1946 – [[Marisa Paredes]], Spanish film actress (died 2024)<ref>{{Cite news |last=Williams |first=Alex |date=December 20, 2024 |title=Marisa Paredes, Acclaimed Diva of Spanish Cinema, Is Dead at 78 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/12/20/movies/marisa-paredes-dead.html |access-date=December 20, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref>
* 1946 – [[Hanna Suchocka]], Polish politician, [[Prime Minister of Poland]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Hanna Suchocka |url=https://www.britannica.com/explore/100women/profiles/hanna-suchocka |website=Britannica Presents 100 Women Trailblazers |access-date=28 July 2021 |language=en |date=25 February 2020}}</ref>
*[[1947]] – [[Anders Eliasson]], Swedish composer (died 2013)
*[[1948]] – [[Arlette Cousture]], Canadian author and screenwriter
* 1948 – [[Jaap de Hoop Scheffer]], Dutch academic, politician, and diplomat, 11th [[Secretary General of NATO]]
* 1948 – [[Hans-Georg Schwarzenbeck]], German footballer
* 1948 – [[Carlos Salinas de Gortari]], Mexican economist and politician, 53rd [[President of Mexico]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.buscabiografias.com/biografia/verDetalle/6092/Carlos%20Salinas%20de%20Gortari|title=Carlos Salinas de Gortari|publisher=Busca Biografias|access-date=May 30, 2019|language=es}}</ref>
*[[1949]] – [[Lyle Alzado]], American football player and actor (died 1992)
* 1949 – [[A. C. Grayling]], English philosopher and academic
* 1949 – [[Richard Thompson (musician)|Richard Thompson]], English singer-songwriter and guitarist
*[[1950]] – [[Indrajit Coomaraswamy]], Sri Lankan cricketer and economist
*[[1951]] – [[Brendan Barber]], English trade union leader
* 1951 – [[Annette Dolphin]], British academician and educator
* 1951 – [[Mitch Woods]], American singer-songwriter and pianist
*[[1952]] – [[Mike Moore (U.S. politician)|Mike Moore]], American lawyer and politician
*[[1953]] – [[Sandra Boynton]], American author and illustrator
* 1953 – [[Wakanohana Kanji II]], Japanese sumo wrestler, the 56th [[Makuuchi#Yokozuna|Yokozuna]] (died 2022)
* 1953 – [[James Smith (boxer)|James Smith]], American boxer
*[[1954]] – [[Elisabetta Brusa]], Italian composer
* 1954 – [[K. Krishnasamy]], Indian physician and politician
*[[1956]] – [[Kalle Kulbok]], Estonian politician
* 1956 – [[Boris Miljković]], Serbian director and producer
* 1956 – [[Miguel Bosé]], Spanish musician and actor
* 1956 – [[Ray Combs]], American game show host (died 1996)
*[[1958]] – [[Alec Baldwin]], American actor, comedian, producer and television host<ref>{{cite web |last=Piccotti |first=Tyler |date=2024-01-23 |title=Alec Baldwin|url=https://www.biography.com/actors/alec-baldwin/|website=biography.com |access-date=March 23, 2024}}</ref>
* 1958 – [[Adam Gussow]], American scholar, musician, and memoirist
* 1958 – [[Francesca Woodman]], American photographer (died 1981)
*[[1959]] – [[David Hyde Pierce]], American actor and activist
*[[1960]] – [[Arjen Anthony Lucassen]], Dutch singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
*[[1961]] – [[Tim Crews]], American baseball player (died 1993)
* 1961 – [[Eddie Murphy]], American actor and comedian
*[[1962]] – [[Dave Miley]], American baseball player and manager
* 1962 – [[Mike Ness]], American singer-songwriter and guitarist
* 1962 – [[Jaya Prada]], Indian actress and politician
*[[1963]] – [[Les Davidson]], Australian rugby league player
* 1963 – [[Ricky Nixon]], Australian footballer and manager
* 1963 – [[Criss Oliva]], American guitarist and songwriter (died 1993)
*[[1964]] – [[Marco Ballotta]], Italian footballer and manager
* 1964 – [[Nigel Farage]], English politician
* 1964 – [[Claire Perry]], English banker and politician
* 1964 – [[Bjarne Riis]], Danish cyclist and manager
* 1964 – [[Andy Robinson]], English rugby player and coach
* 1964 – [[Jay Weatherill]], Australian politician, 45th [[Premier of South Australia]]
*[[1965]] – [[Nazia Hassan]], Pakistani pop singer-songwriter, lawyer and social activist (died 2000)<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kumar |first1=Jai |title=Nazia Hassan |url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2000/aug/23/guardianobituaries |access-date=4 April 2023 |work=The Guardian |date=23 August 2000}}</ref>
*[[1966]] – [[John de Vries (racing driver)|John de Vries]], Australian race car driver
*[[1967]] – [[Cat Cora]], American chef and author
* 1967 – [[Pervis Ellison]], American basketball player
* 1967 – [[Brent Gilchrist]], Canadian ice hockey player
* 1967 – [[Cristi Puiu]], Romanian director and screenwriter
* 1967 – [[Mark Skaife]], Australian race car driver and sportscaster
*[[1968]] – [[Sebastian Bach]], Bahamian-Canadian singer-songwriter and actor
* 1968 – [[Charlotte Coleman]], English actress (died 2001)
* 1968 – [[Jamie Hewlett]], English director and performer
* 1968 – [[Tomoaki Kanemoto]], Japanese baseball player
*[[1969]] – [[Rodney Hampton]], American football player
* 1969 – [[Peter Matera]], Australian footballer and coach
* 1969 – [[Ben Mendelsohn]], Australian actor
* 1969 – [[Lance Storm]], Canadian wrestler and trainer
*[[1971]] – [[Vitālijs Astafjevs]], Latvian footballer and manager
* 1971 – [[Emmanuel Collard]], French race car driver
* 1971 – [[Picabo Street]], American skier
*[[1972]] – [[Jennie Garth]], American actress and director
* 1972 – [[Catherine McCormack]], English actress
* 1972 – [[Sandrine Testud]], French tennis player
*[[1973]] – [[Nilesh Kulkarni]], Indian cricketer
* 1973 – [[Adam Scott]], American actor
*[[1974]] – [[Marcus Brown]], American basketball player
* 1974 – [[Lee Williams (actor)|Lee Williams]], Welsh model and actor
*[[1975]] – [[Shawn Bates]], American ice hockey player
* 1975 – [[Michael Olowokandi]], Nigerian-American basketball player
* 1975 – [[Aries Spears]], American comedian and actor
* 1975 – [[Yoshinobu Takahashi]], Japanese baseball player
* 1975 – [[Koji Uehara]], Japanese baseball player
*[[1976]] – [[Nicolas Escudé]], French tennis player
*[[1978]] – [[Matthew Goode]], English actor
* 1978 – [[Tommy Haas]], German-American tennis player
* 1978 – [[John Smit]], South African rugby player
*[[1979]] – [[Simon Black]], Australian footballer and coach
*[[1980]] – [[Andrei Lodis]], Belarusian footballer
* 1980 – [[Megan Rohrer]], American pastor and transgender activist
*[[1981]] – [[Aaron Bertram]], American trumpet player
* 1981 – [[DeShawn Stevenson]], American basketball player
*[[1982]] – [[Jared Allen]], American football player
* 1982 – [[Iain Fyfe]], Australian footballer
* 1982 – [[Cobie Smulders]], Canadian actress
*[[1983]] – [[Ben Foster (footballer)|Ben Foster]], English footballer
* 1983 – [[Stephen Weiss]], Canadian ice hockey player
*[[1984]] – [[Jonathan Blondel]], Belgian footballer
* 1984 – [[Maxi López]], Argentinian footballer
*[[1985]] – [[Jari-Matti Latvala]], Finnish race car driver
* 1985 – [[Leona Lewis]], English singer-songwriter and producer
*[[1986]] – [[Amanda Bynes]], American actress
* 1986 – [[Stephanie Cox]], American soccer player
* 1986 – [[Annalisa Cucinotta]], Italian cyclist
* 1986 – [[Sergio Sánchez Ortega]], Spanish footballer
*[[1987]] – [[Rachel Bloom]], American actress, writer, and producer
* 1987 – [[Jay Bruce]], American baseball player
* 1987 – [[Yileen Gordon]], Australian rugby league player
* 1987 – [[Jason Kipnis]], American baseball player
* 1987 – [[Martyn Rooney]], English sprinter
* 1987 – [[Julie Sokolow]], American singer-songwriter and guitarist
* 1987 – [[Yuval Spungin]], Israeli footballer<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://eu-football.info/_player.php?id=27216|title=Yuval Spungin, international football player|website=eu-football.info}}</ref>
*[[1988]] – [[Kam Chancellor]], American football player
* 1988 – [[Brandon Graham]], American football player
* 1988 – [[Peter Hartley (footballer)|Peter Hartley]], English footballer
* 1988 – [[Tim Krul]], Dutch footballer
*[[1989]] – [[Romain Alessandrini]], French footballer
* 1989 – [[Israel Folau]], Australian rugby player and footballer
* 1989 – [[Joel Romelo]], Australian rugby league player
* 1989 – [[Thisara Perera]], Sri Lankan cricketer
*[[1990]] – [[Karim Ansarifard]], Iranian footballer
* 1990 – [[Madison Brengle]], American tennis player
* 1990 – [[Sotiris Ninis]], Greek footballer
* 1990 – [[Natasha Negovanlis]], Canadian actress and singer
*[[1991]] – [[Hayley Kiyoko]], American actress and singer
*[[1992]] – [[Simone Benedetti]], Italian footballer
* 1992 – [[Yuliya Yefimova]], Russian swimmer
*[[1993]] – [[Pape Moussa Konaté]], Senegalese footballer
*[[1994]] – [[Kodi Nikorima]], New Zealand rugby league player
* 1994 – [[Dylann Roof]], American mass murderer<ref>{{cite web |title=What We Know About South Carolina Shooting Suspect Dylann Roof |date=18 June 2015 |url=https://time.com/3926263/charleston-church-shooting-dylann-roof/ |publisher=Time Magazine |access-date=3 April 2023}}</ref>
*[[1996]] – [[Mayo Hibi]], Japanese tennis player
*[[1997]] – [[Gabriel Jesus]], Brazilian footballer
*[[1998]] – [[Paris Jackson]], American actress, model and singer
*[[1999]] – [[Chanel Harris-Tavita]], New Zealand-Samoan rugby league player<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rugbyleagueproject.org/players/chanel-harris-tavita/summary.html|title = Chanel Harris-Tavita - Career Stats & Summary - Rugby League Project}}</ref>

==Deaths==
===Pre-1600===
* [[AD 33|33]] – [[Jesus|Jesus of Nazareth]]<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Humphreys |first1=Colin J. |last2=Waddington |first2=W. G. |date=22 December 1983 |title=Dating the Crucifixion |url=http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v306/n5945/abs/306743a0.html |journal=Nature |volume=306 |issue=5945 |pages=743–46 |bibcode=1983Natur.306..743H |doi=10.1038/306743a0|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Humphreys |first1=C. J. |last2=Waddington |first2=W. G. |date=1992 |title=The Jewish calendar, a lunar eclipse and the date of Christ's crucifixion |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265114769 |journal=Tyndale Bulletin |volume=43 |issue=2 |pages=331–351 |doi=10.53751/001c.30487}}</ref><ref name="Maier, P.L. 1968 3–13">{{cite journal |author=Maier, P.L. |year=1968 |title=Sejanus, Pilate, and the Date of the Crucifixion |journal=Church History |volume=37 |issue=1 |pages=3–13 |doi=10.2307/3163182 |jstor=3163182 |s2cid=162410612}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Fotheringham, J.K. |year=1934 |title=The evidence of astronomy and technical chronology for the date of the crucifixion |journal=Journal of Theological Studies |volume=35 |issue=138 |pages=146–162 |doi=10.1093/jts/os-XXXV.138.146 |s2cid=162258391}}</ref><ref name="WPCleanerAuto1">Blinzler, J. ''Der Prozess Jesu'', fourth edition, Regensburg, Pustet, 1969, pp101-126</ref><ref name="humphreyssupper">{{Cite book |last=Humphreys |first=Colin J. |title=The Mystery of the Last Supper |date=2011 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0521732000 |pages=77 and 189}}</ref><ref name="bbcsupper">{{Cite web |date=April 18, 2011 |title=Last Supper 'was on a Wednesday' |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-13114124 |publisher=BBC |location=United Kingdom}}</ref>
* [[963]] – [[William III of Aquitaine|William III]], Duke of Aquitaine (born 915)
*[[1153]] – [[al-Adil ibn al-Sallar]], vizier of the Fatimid Caliphate
*[[1171]] – [[Philip of Milly]], seventh [[Grand Master of the Knights Templar]] (born {{Circa|1120}})
*[[1203]] – [[Arthur I, Duke of Brittany]] (born 1187)
*[[1253]] – Saint [[Richard of Chichester]]
*[[1287]] – [[Pope Honorius IV]] (born 1210)<ref>{{cite web |title=Honorius IV {{!}} pope |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Honorius-IV |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=11 January 2021 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[1325]] – [[Nizamuddin Auliya]], Sufi saint (born 1238)
*[[1350]] – [[Odo IV, Duke of Burgundy]] (born 1295)
*[[1538]] – [[Elizabeth Boleyn, Countess of Wiltshire]] (born 1480)
*[[1545]] – [[Antonio de Guevara]], Spanish chronicler and moralist (born 1481)

===1601–1900===
*[[1606]] – [[Charles Blount, 8th Baron Mountjoy]], English general and politician, [[Lord Lieutenant of Ireland]] (born 1563)
*[[1630]] – [[Christopher Villiers, 1st Earl of Anglesey]], English noble (born c. 1593)
*[[1637]] – [[Joseph Yuspa Nördlinger Hahn]], German rabbi<ref>{{Cite Jewish Encyclopedia|title=HAHN, JOSEPH YUSPA NÖRDLINGER (JOSEPH BEN PHINEHAS NÖRDLINGEN)|url=https://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/7048-hahn-joseph-yuspa-nordlinger-joseph-ben-phinehas-nordlingen|volume=6|page=152}}</ref>
*[[1680]] – [[Shivaji|Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj]], Indian emperor, founded the [[Maratha Empire]] (born 1630)
*[[1682]] – [[Bartolomé Esteban Murillo]], Spanish painter and educator (born 1618)
*[[1691]] – [[Jean Petitot]], French-Swiss painter (born 1608)
*[[1695]] – [[Melchior d'Hondecoeter]], Dutch painter (born 1636)
*[[1717]] – [[Jacques Ozanam]], French mathematician and academic (born 1640)
*[[1728]] – [[James Anderson (lawyer)|James Anderson]], Scottish lawyer and historian (born 1662)
*[[1792]] – [[George Pocock]], English admiral (born 1706)
*[[1804]] – [[Jędrzej Kitowicz]], Polish priest, historian, and author (born 1727)
*[[1826]] – [[Reginald Heber]], English priest (born 1783)<ref>{{cite book|last= Hughes|first= Derrick|title= Bishop Sahib: A Life of Reginald Heber|publisher= Churchman Publishing|location= [[Worthing]], UK|year= 1986 | isbn = 978-1-85093-043-3 |pages=178–180}}</ref>
*[[1827]] – [[Ernst Chladni]], German physicist and academic (born 1756)
*[[1838]] – [[François Carlo Antommarchi]], French physician and author (born 1780)
*[[1844]] – [[Edward Bigge]], English cleric, 1st [[Archdeacon of Lindisfarne]] (born 1807)
*[[1846]] – [[William Braine]], English soldier and explorer (born 1814)
*[[1849]] – [[Juliusz Słowacki]], Polish-French poet and playwright (born 1809)
*[[1868]] – [[Franz Berwald]], Swedish composer and surgeon (born 1796)
*[[1880]] – [[Felicita Vestvali]], German actress and opera singer (born 1831)
*[[1882]] – [[Jesse James]], American criminal and outlaw (born 1847)
*[[1897]] – [[Johannes Brahms]], German pianist and composer (born 1833)

===1901–present===
*[[1901]] – [[Richard D'Oyly Carte]], English composer and talent agent (born 1844)
*[[1902]] – [[Esther Hobart Morris]], American lawyer and judge (born 1814)
*[[1930]] – [[Emma Albani]], Canadian-English operatic soprano (born 1847)
*[[1936]] – [[Richard Hauptmann]], German-American murderer (born 1899)
*[[1941]] – [[Tachiyama Mineemon]], Japanese sumo wrestler, the 22nd [[Yokozuna]] (born 1877)
* 1941 – [[Pál Teleki]], Hungarian academic and politician, 22nd [[Prime Minister of Hungary]] (born 1879)
*[[1943]] – [[Conrad Veidt]], German actor, director, and producer (born 1893)
*[[1946]] – [[Masaharu Homma]], Japanese general (born 1887)
*[[1950]] – [[Kurt Weill]], German-American composer and pianist (born 1900)
* 1950 – [[Carter G. Woodson]], American historian, author, and journalist, founded [[Black History Month]] (born 1875)
*[[1951]] – [[Henrik Visnapuu]], Estonian poet and playwright (born 1890)
*[[1952]] – [[Miina Sillanpää]], Finnish minister and politician (born 1866)
*[[1957]] – [[Ned Sparks]], Canadian-American actor (born 1883)
*[[1958]] – [[Jaan Kärner]], Estonian poet and author (born 1891)
*[[1962]] – [[Manolis Kalomiris]], Greek composer and educator (born 1883)
*[[1970]] – [[Avigdor Hameiri]], Israeli author (born 1890)
*[[1971]] – [[Joseph Valachi]], American gangster (born 1904)
*[[1972]] – [[Ferde Grofé]], American pianist and composer (born 1892)
*[[1975]] – [[Mary Ure]], Scottish-English actress (born 1933)
*[[1976]] – [[David M. Dennison]], American physicist and academic (born 1900)
* 1976 – [[Claude-Henri Grignon]], Canadian journalist and politician (born 1894)
*[[1978]] – [[Ray Noble]], English bandleader, composer, and actor (born 1903)
* 1978 – [[Winston Sharples]], American composer (born 1909)
*[[1981]] – [[Juan Trippe]], American businessman, founded [[Pan American World Airways]] (born 1899)
*[[1982]] – [[Warren Oates]], American actor (born 1928)
*[[1983]] – [[Jimmy Bloomfield]], English footballer and manager (born 1934)
*[[1986]] – [[Peter Pears]], English tenor and educator (born 1910)
*[[1987]] – [[Tom Sestak]], American football player (born 1936)
*[[1988]] – [[Milton Caniff]], American cartoonist (born 1907)
*[[1990]] – [[Sarah Vaughan]], American singer (born 1924)
*[[1991]] – [[Charles Goren]], American bridge player and author (born 1901)
* 1991 – [[Graham Greene]], English novelist, playwright, and critic (born 1904)
*[[1993]] – [[Pinky Lee]], American television host (born 1907)
*[[1994]] – [[Frank Wells]], American businessman (born 1932)
*[[1995]] – [[Alfred J. Billes]], Canadian businessman, co-founded [[Canadian Tire]] (born 1902)
*[[1996]] – [[Ron Brown]], American captain and politician, 30th [[United States Secretary of Commerce]] (born 1941)
*[[1997]] – [[John Ugelstad]], Norwegian chemical engineer and inventor (born 1921)<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=John Ugelstad |first= |last= |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |date= 26 April 2023|editor-last=Bolstad | editor-first=Erik |publisher=Norsk nettleksikon |location=Oslo |url=https://snl.no/John_Ugelstad |language=no|access-date=24 March 2024}}</ref>
*[[1998]] – [[Mary Cartwright]], English mathematician and academic (born 1900)
*[[1999]] – [[Lionel Bart]], English composer (born 1930)
* 1999 – [[Geoffrey Walsh]], Canadian general (born 1909)
*[[2000]] – [[Terence McKenna]], American botanist and philosopher (born 1946)
* 2000 – [[Dina Abramowicz]], Librarian and YIVO and Yiddish language expert (born 1909)<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/04/09/nyregion/dina-abramowicz-90-librarian-and-yiddish-expert-dies.html|title=Dina Abramowicz, 90, Librarian and Yiddish Expert, Dies|last=Berger|first=Joseph|newspaper=New York Times|date=9 April 2000 |access-date=2018-10-17|language=en}}</ref>
*[[2005]] – [[François Gérin]], Canadian lawyer and politician (born 1944)
*[[2007]] – [[Nina Wang]], Chinese businesswoman (born 1937)
*[[2008]] – [[Hrvoje Ćustić]], Croatian footballer (born 1983)
*[[2012]] – [[Mingote]], Spanish cartoonist and journalist (born 1919)
* 2012 – [[Richard Descoings]], French civil servant (born 1958)
* 2012 – [[Govind Narain]], Indian politician, 8th [[List of Governors of Karnataka|Governor of Karnataka]] (born 1917)
* 2012 – [[Chief Jay Strongbow]], American wrestler (born 1928)
* 2012 – [[José María Zárraga]], Spanish footballer and manager (born 1930)
*[[2013]] – [[Mariví Bilbao]], Spanish actress (born 1930)
* 2013 – [[Ruth Prawer Jhabvala]], German-American author and screenwriter (born 1927)
*[[2014]] – [[Régine Deforges]], French author, playwright, and director (born 1935)
* 2014 – [[Fred Kida]], American illustrator (born 1920)
* 2014 – [[Prince Michael of Prussia]] (born 1940)
* 2014 – [[Jovan Pavlović]], Serbian metropolitan (born 1936)
* 2014 – [[Arthur "Guitar Boogie" Smith]], American guitarist, fiddler, and composer (born 1921)
*[[2015]] – [[Sarah Brady]], American activist and author (born 1942)
* 2015 – [[Bob Burns (drummer)|Bob Burns]], American drummer and songwriter (born 1950)
* 2015 – [[Shmuel Wosner]], Austrian-Israeli rabbi and author (born 1913)
*[[2016]] – [[Cesare Maldini]], Italian footballer and manager (born 1932)
* 2016 – [[Joe Medicine Crow]], American anthropologist, historian, and author (born 1913)
* 2016 – [[Koji Wada]], Japanese singer and songwriter (born 1974)
*[[2017]] – [[Kishori Amonkar]], Indian classical vocalist (born 1931)
*[[2021]] – [[Stan Stephens]], Canadian-American politician, 20th [[Governor of Montana]] (born 1929)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://billingsgazette.com/news/state-and-regional/former-montana-gov-stan-stephens-dies-at-91/article_ab9cf8bd-8dba-5bd0-8f80-bcea6e98d5e9.html|title = Former Montana Gov. Stan Stephens dies at 91| date=5 April 2021 }}</ref>
*[[2022]] – [[June Brown]], English actress (born 1927)<ref>{{cite web |title=June Brown: EastEnders veteran who became a mainstay of British soaps |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/june-brown-eastenders-dot-cotton-dead-b1994718.html |website=The Independent |access-date=4 April 2022 |language=en |date=4 April 2022}}</ref>
*[[2024]] – [[Bob Lanigan]], Australian rugby league player (born 1942)<ref>{{cite news |title=Vale Bob Lanigan |url=https://www.nrl.com/news/2024/04/04/vale-bob-lanigan/ |access-date=4 April 2024 |publisher=NRL |date=4 April 2024}}</ref>
* 2024 – [[Gaetano Pesce]], Italian architect and designer (born 1939)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Aton |first=Francesca |date=2024-04-04 |title=Gaetano Pesce, Italian Architect and Designer Celebrated for Surreal Creations, Has Died at 84 |url=https://www.artnews.com/art-news/news/italian-architect-and-designer-gaetano-pesce-dead-at-84-1234701769/ |access-date=2024-04-07 |website=ARTnews.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
* [[2025]] – [[Theodore McCarrick]], American former cardinal (born 1930)<ref>{{Cite news |date=April 5, 2025 |title=Defrocked former D.C. Cardinal Theodore McCarrick dies at 94 |url=https://www.npr.org/2025/04/05/nx-s1-5353352/cardinal-theodore-mccarrick-dies-catholic-church-scandal |access-date=April 8, 2025 |work=[[NPR]] |language=en}}</ref>
* 2025 – [[Mick O'Dwyer]], Irish Gaelic footballer and manager (born 1936)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wrona |first=Adrianna |date=April 4, 2025 |title=Funeral details announced for GAA legend Mick O’Dwyer |url=https://www.independent.ie/irish-news/funeral-details-announced-for-gaa-legend-mick-odwyer/a1190454655.html |access-date=April 8, 2025 |website=[[Irish Independent]] |language=en}}</ref>

==Holidays and observances==
* Christian [[feast day]]:
** [[Agape, Chionia, and Irene]]
** [[Burgundofara]]
** [[Luigi Scrosoppi]]
** [[Richard of Chichester]]
** [[April 3 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons}}
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/april/3 BBC: On This Day]
* {{NYT On this day|month=4|day=3}}
* [https://www.onthisday.com/events/april/3 Historical Events on April 3]

{{months}}

[[Category:Days of April]]