View source for Zakopane

===World War II===
[[File:2024 Zakopane pomnik Kurierów Tatrzańskich, 1.jpg|thumb|left|Monument to the Tatra Couriers]]
During the joint German-Soviet [[invasion of Poland]], which started [[World War II]] in September 1939, the town was invaded by Germany, and the ''[[Einsatzgruppen|Einsatzgruppe I]]'' entered the town on 4 September 1939 to commit various [[Nazi crimes against the Polish nation|crimes against Poles]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Wardzyńska|first=Maria|year=2009|title=Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion|language=pl|location=Warszawa|publisher=[[Institute of National Remembrance|IPN]]|page=58}}</ref> In March 1940, representatives of the [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] [[NKVD]] and the [[Nazi]] [[Gestapo]] met for one week in Zakopane's Villa Tadeusz, to [[Gestapo-NKVD Conferences|coordinate the pacification of resistance in Poland]]. The pre-war mayor Zdzisław Adamczyk and several other people from Zakopane were murdered by the Soviets in the [[Katyn massacre]] in 1940.<ref>{{cite book|editor-last1=Tucholski|editor-first1=Jędrzej|year=2003|title=Charków. Księga Cmentarna Polskiego Cmentarza Wojennego|url=https://katyn.miejscapamieci.gov.pl/media/download_gallery/Charkow.pdf|language=pl|location=Warszawa|publisher=Rada Ochrony Pamięci Miejsc Walk i Męczeństwa|pages=1, 85, 110, 575|isbn= 83-916663-5-2}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|editor-last1=Tarczyński|editor-first1=Marek|year=2000|title=Katyń. Księga Cmentarna Polskiego Cmentarza Wojennego|url=https://katyn.miejscapamieci.gov.pl/media/download_gallery/Ksiega_Cmentarna_Katyn.pdf|language=pl|location=Warszawa|publisher=Rada Ochrony Pamięci Miejsc Walk i Męczeństwa|pages=13, 22, 79, 91, 96, 640|isbn=83-905590-7-2}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|editor-last1=Gurianov|editor-first1=Aleksandr|year=2015|title=Убиты в Катыни. Книга Памяти польских военнопленных – узников Козельского лагеря НКВД, расстрелянных по решению политбюро ЦК ВКП(б) от 5 марта 1940 года|url=https://www.memo.ru/media/uploads/2022/01/21/killed_in_katyn.pdf|language=ru|location=Moscow|publisher=[[Memorial (society)|Общество «Мемориал»]] – Издательство «Звенья»|pages=147, 667, 794, 818|isbn=978-5-78700-123-5}}</ref> Throughout World War II, Zakopane served as an underground staging point between Poland and [[Hungary]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Local history {{!}} Virtual Shtetl |url=https://sztetl.org.pl/en/towns/z/662-zakopane/96-local-history/68095-local-history |access-date=2022-07-14 |website=sztetl.org.pl}}</ref>

From 1942 to 1943, 1,000 prisoners from the German [[List of subcamps of Kraków-Płaszów|Kraków-Płaszów concentration camp]] were set to work in a stone quarry.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sztetl.org.pl/pl/article/zakopane/13,miejsca-martyrologii/21317,zakopane-oboz-pracy-przymusowej-na-terenie-kamieniolomow/|title=Zakopane|work=sztetl.org.pl}}</ref> In 1944, during the [[Warsaw Uprising]], the Germans deported thousands of Varsovians from the [[Dulag 121 camp in Pruszków|Dulag 121 camp]] in [[Pruszków]], where they were initially imprisoned, to Zakopane.<ref name=dul>{{cite web|url=http://dulag121.pl/encyklopediaa/transporty-z-obozu-dulag-121/|title=Transporty z obozu Dulag 121|website=Muzeum Dulag 121|accessdate=6 September 2021|language=pl}}</ref> Those Poles were mainly old people, ill people and women with children.<ref name=dul/> In mid-October 1944, there were 3,800 registered Poles, who were [[Expulsion of Poles by Nazi Germany|expelled]] from [[Warsaw]], and probably another 3,800 unregistered expellees.<ref name=dul/> In January 1945, the Germans retreated from Zakopane and the [[Occupation of Poland (1939–1945)|German occupation]] ended.

Immediately after the war, a children's Home for [[Holocaust Survivors]] was established in Zakopane.<ref>[https://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibitions/childrens-survivors-homes/zakopane.asp The Children's Home in Zakopane, Poland: Lena Küchler's Children], [[Yad Vashem]] website</ref>