View source for Barbuda

=== Ceramic period ===
The successors of the Archaic People were the [[Arawak]]s, who were present on Barbuda and Antigua from at least 1,000 BC.<ref>{{Citation |last=Turner |first=Barry |title=Antigua and Barbuda |date=2013 |work=The Statesman's Yearbook: The Politics, Cultures and Economies of the World 2014 |pages=109–111 |editor-last=Turner |editor-first=Barry |series=The Statesman's Yearbook |place=London |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |language=en |doi=10.1007/978-1-349-59643-0_166 |isbn=978-1-349-59643-0 }}</ref> Their population on Barbuda peaked between 1,500 and 800 years ago.<ref name=":1" /> They likely arrived from present-day [[Venezuela]] and [[Guyana]],<ref name=":1" /> and used Barbuda for brief stays or seasonal supplies. They lived mostly in the Barbuda Highlands and Spanish Point in the easternmost parts of the island,<ref>{{Cite book |last=Nicholson |first=Desmond V. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s5JsAAAAMAAJ&q=barbuda+arawaks |title=The Story of the Arawaks in Antigua and Barbuda |date=1983 |publisher=Antigua Archaeological Society |isbn=978-0-900001-17-8 |language=en |access-date=August 10, 2023 |archive-date=September 28, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230928201348/https://books.google.com/books?id=s5JsAAAAMAAJ&q=barbuda%20arawaks |url-status=live }}</ref> but six or more village additional sites are known including Sufferers, Indian Town Trail, Highland Road, Guava, and Welches.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Bain |first1=Allison |last2=Faucher |first2=Anne-Marie |last3=Kennedy |first3=Lisa M. |last4=LeBlanc |first4=Allison R. |last5=Burn |first5=Michael J. |last6=Boger |first6=Rebecca |last7=Perdikaris |first7=Sophia |date=January 2, 2018 |title=Landscape Transformation During Ceramic Age and Colonial Occupations of Barbuda, West Indies |url=https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1009&context=global |journal=Environmental Archaeology |language=en |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=36–46 |doi=10.1080/14614103.2017.1345115 |bibcode=2018EnvAr..23...36B |issn= |access-date=October 9, 2023 |archive-date=September 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230926130127/https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1009&context=global |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }}</ref> The Arawaks grew sweet potatoes, corn, peanuts, cotton, tobacco, as well as a variety of other fruits, vegetables, and medicinal plants.<ref name=":1" /> They also made intricate pottery known as [[Saladoid]].<ref name=":1" /> This unique pottery, characterize its white-on-red designs, were decorated with zoned-incised [[Hatching|crosshatching]].<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Citation |title=The Saladoid Phenomenon |date=2007 |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/archaeology-of-the-caribbean/saladoid-phenomenon/E9CC356188B1D67CBA3D1370F7CEC722 |work=The Archaeology of the Caribbean |pages=59–94 |editor-last=Wilson |editor-first=Samuel M. |access-date=October 9, 2023 |series=Cambridge World Archaeology |place=Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |doi=10.1017/CBO9780511816505.003 |isbn=978-0-521-62333-9 |archive-date=June 14, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614095343/https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/archaeology-of-the-caribbean/saladoid-phenomenon/E9CC356188B1D67CBA3D1370F7CEC722 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }}</ref> The pottery has been found at Indian Town Trail, close to Two Foot Bay, as well as Sufferers in the Spanish Point region.<ref name=":1" />

The [[Kalinago]] people spent time in Barbuda as well. By the time the Europeans arrived, they had probably displaced the Arawaks.<ref name=":1" /> The Kalinago preferred the mountainous and well-watered islands of [[Saint Kitts]] and [[Dominica]], and visited Barbuda only sometimes to harvest seafood and whatever crops and land animals they could find.<ref name=":1" /> In the early 1700s, the British [[Royal Navy]] was forced to defend the people of Codrington against Kalinago raids because the Kalinago served as a deterrent to European colonization.<ref name=":1" /> The Kalinago called Barbuda "Wa'omoni",<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=Antigua and Barbuda |url=https://azmartinique.com/en/all-to-know/caribbean/antigua-and-barbuda |access-date=August 1, 2023 |website=AZ Martinique |language=en |archive-date=September 6, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240906080754/https://azmartinique.com/en/all-to-know/caribbean/antigua-and-barbuda |url-status=live }}</ref> which is thought to mean "Island of Herons"; however, it may have also referred to frigate or weather birds, also common on Barbuda.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Antigua & Barbuda: Barbuda History |url=https://antiguanice.com/client.php?id=697 |access-date=August 1, 2023 |website=antiguanice.com |archive-date=July 30, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230730102036/https://antiguanice.com/client.php?id=697 |url-status=live }}</ref>