View source for Bateau-Lavoir

{{Short description|Nickname of Picasso's former home on Montmartre}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}
[[Image:Bateau-Lavoir face avant.jpg|thumb|300x300px|The rebuilt building now on the site of {{Lang|fr|Le Bateau-Lavoir|italic=no}}]]
The '''{{Lang|fr|Bateau-Lavoir|italic=no}}''' ({{IPA|fr|bato lavwaʁ|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-bateau-lavoir.wav}}, "Washhouse Boat") is the nickname of a building in the [[Montmartre]] district of the [[18th arrondissement of Paris]] that is famous in art history as the residence and meeting place for a group of outstanding early 20th-century artists such as [[Pablo Picasso]], men of letters, theatre people, and art dealers. It is located at No. 13 Rue Ravignan at Place Emile Goudeau, just below the [[Place du Tertre]].

A fire destroyed most of the building in May 1970 and only the façade remained, but it was completely rebuilt in 1978.

==History==
[[File:Le Bateau-Lavoir, circa 1910.jpg|thumb|300x300px|{{Lang|fr|Le Bateau-Lavoir|italic=no}}, {{Circa|1910}}]]
Formerly a ballroom and piano factory, Bateau Lavoir was [[Squatting|squatted]] and divided into 20 small workshops in 1889. Distributed along a corridor were small unheated rooms that shared a single source of water.<ref name=ParisDigest>{{Cite web |url=https://www.parisdigest.com/paris/montmartre.htm |title=Montmartre |year=2018 |work=Paris Digest |access-date=2018-08-11 }}</ref> The name "{{Lang|fr|Le Bateau-Lavoir|italic=no}}" was coined by French poet [[Max Jacob]]. The building was dark and dirty, almost seeming to be a scrap pile rather than a dwelling. On stormy days, it swayed and creaked, reminding people of washing-boats on the [[Seine River]], hence the name.<ref name=Anderson>{{cite book |last=Anderson |first=Darran |date=2013 |title=Serge Gainsbourg's Histoire de Melody Nelson |publisher=Bloomsbury Academic |isbn=9781623562878 }}</ref>

The building stands on a small cobblestone square that was known as Place Ravignan. In 1911, it was rechristened Place Émile Goudeau for [[Émile Goudeau]] (1849–1906), a popular novelist, poet, and journalist who founded [[Les Hydropathes]], a renowned and famous literary club. The square now has a [[Wallace fountain]] and is planted with [[horse chestnut]] trees.

[[Maxime Maufra]] (1863–1918) was the first noted artist to take up residence in Bateau-Lavoir, around 1890.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.serdar-hizli-art.com/modern_painting/bateau_lavoir.htm|title=Bateau-Lavoir|website=www.serdar-hizli-art.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070829104509/http://www.serdar-hizli-art.com/modern_painting/bateau_lavoir.htm|archive-date=2007-08-29|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Kees van Dongen]] and [[Pablo Picasso]] took up residence between 1900 and 1904. After 1904 more artists and writers moved in, including [[Otto van Rees (artist)|Otto van Rees]], [[Amedeo Modigliani]], [[Pierre Mac Orlan]], [[Juan Gris]], [[André Salmon]], [[Pablo Gargallo]], [[Max Jacob]], [[Luigi Corbellini]], and [[Pierre Reverdy]].[[Image:Place Émile-Goudeau, Paris 20 May 2014.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Place Émile Goudeau in the [[18th arrondissement of Paris]]]]It became an unofficial club that included artists [[Henri Matisse]], [[Georges Braque]], [[André Derain]], [[Raoul Dufy]], [[Marie Laurencin]], [[Amedeo Modigliani]], [[Jean-Paul Laurens]], [[Maurice Utrillo]], [[Jacques Lipchitz]], [[María Blanchard]], [[Jean Metzinger]] and [[Louis Marcoussis]]; writers [[Guillaume Apollinaire]], [[Alfred Jarry]], [[Jean Cocteau]], [[Gustave Coquiot]], Cremnitz (Maurice Chevrier), [[Paul Fort]], André Warnod, [[Raymond Radiguet]], and [[Gertrude Stein]]; actors [[Charles Dullin]], [[Harry Baur]], and [[Gaston Modot]]; and art dealers [[Ambroise Vollard]], [[Clovis Sagot]], [[Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler]], and [[Berthe Weill]].

While residing at the Bateau-Lavoir, Picasso painted works such as ''[[Young Girl with a Flower Basket]]'', and ''[[Garçon à la pipe]]'' (''Boy with a Pipe'') in 1905, and one of his most noted works, ''[[Les Demoiselles d'Avignon]]'' in 1907, considered by art historians as a [[Proto-Cubism|proto-Cubist]] painting (the precursor of a movement that became known as [[Cubism]]).

Following the outbreak of [[World War I]] in 1914, creative artists living at the Bateau-Lavoir and in the neighbourhood began moving elsewhere, mainly to [[Montparnasse]].

==Notable residents==
* [[Guillaume Apollinaire]]
* [[Georges Braque]]
* [[Jose De Creeft]]
* [[Luigi Corbellini]]
* [[:fr:Tibor Csernus|Tibor Csernus]]
* [[Kees van Dongen]]
* [[Otto Freundlich]]
* [[Pablo Gargallo]] 
* [[Juan Gris]]
* [[Auguste Herbin]]
* [[Max Jacob]]
* [[Marie Laurencin]]
* [[Pierre Mac Orlan]]
* [[Maxime Maufra]]
* [[Ksenia Milicevic]]
* [[Igor Mitoraj]]
* [[Amedeo Modigliani]]
* [[Fernande Olivier]]
* [[Pablo Picasso]]
* [[Augusta Preitinger]]
* [[Adya van Rees-Dutilh]]
* [[Otto van Rees (artist)|Otto van Rees]]
* [[Pierre Reverdy]]
* [[Endre Rozsda]]
* [[André Salmon]]
* [[Ardengo Soffici]]

[[Image:Bateau Lavoir for wikipedia by davequ.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Bateau-Lavoir 2005]]

==Notable events==
In 1908, [[Henri Rousseau#Le Banquet Rousseau|a celebration banquet]] for [[Henri Rousseau]] was organised in Picasso's studio in the {{Lang|fr|Bateau-Lavoir|italic=no}}.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Harris|author-link=Jessica B. Harris|first1=Jessica B|title=The Dinners That Shaped History|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/10/26/magazine/the-dinners-that-shaped-history.html|access-date=30 November 2017|newspaper=The New York Times|date=26 October 2017|location=Magazine Section}}</ref>

One night, [[Amedeo Modigliani]] destroyed a number of his friends' paintings while in an alcoholic rage in the {{Lang|fr|Bateau-Lavoir|italic=no}}, according to memoirs of his daughter, [[Jeanne Modigliani|Jeanne]].

==In popular culture==
The {{Lang|fr|Le Bateau-Lavoir|italic=no}} is a featured setting in the 2018 season of ''[[Genius (U.S. TV series)|Genius]]'', which focuses on the life and art of Pablo Picasso.

It is also featured in the 1995 [[Éric Rohmer]] film ''[[Les Rendez-vous de Paris]]''.

It also appears in episode 9 of season 5 of the series Emily in Paris.

== See also ==
* [[La Ruche (residence)|La Ruche]], in Montparnasse, Paris

==References==
{{Commons category|Bateau-Lavoir}}
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://ineedartandcoffee.blogspot.com/2010/10/cubisms-birthplace-bateau-lavoir.html#!/2010/10/cubisms-birthplace-bateau-lavoir.html "Cubism Birthplace Bateau-Lavoir"] BlogSpot article with additional photographs

{{Visitor attractions in Paris|state=collapsed}}
{{Pablo Picasso}}
{{Guillaume Apollinaire}}
{{Juan Gris}}
{{Amedeo Modigliani}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Coord|48|53|09.24|N|2|20|16.88|E|region:FR-75_type:landmark_source:dewiki|display=title}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bateau-Lavoir, Le}}
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Paris]]
[[Category:History of art in France]]
[[Category:History of Paris]]
[[Category:Painting in Paris]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in the 18th arrondissement of Paris]]
[[Category:Montmartre]]
[[Category:Pablo Picasso]]
[[Category:Amedeo Modigliani]]
[[Category:Guillaume Apollinaire]]
[[Category:Burned buildings and structures in France]]