View source for Demographics of Botswana

{{Short description|none}}
<!-- "none" is a legitimate description when the title is already adequate; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Infobox place demographics|place=[[Botswana]]|image=File:Botswana single age population pyramid 2020.png|image_size=350|caption=Population pyramid of Botswana in 2020|size_of_population=2,359,609 (2022)|nation=Motswana|major_ethnic=Tswana (79%)|minor_ethnic=Kalanga (11%)|age_0–14_years=30.54%|age_65_years=5.56%|growth=1.4% (2022 est.)|birth=20.28 births/1,000 population (2022 est.)|death=9.05 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.)|sr_at_birth=1.03 male(s)/female|sr_under_15=1.02 male(s)/female|sr_65_years_over=0.6 male(s)/female|total_mf_ratio=0.92 male(s)/female (2022 est.)|infant_mortality=25.18 deaths/1,000 live births|life=65.64 years|net_migration=2.81 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.)|life_male=63.6 years|life_female=67.74 years|fertility=2.39 children born/woman (2022 est.)}}

[[demography|Demographic]] features of the [[Population (human biology)|population]] of [[Botswana]] include [[population density]], [[Ethnic group|ethnicity]], education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana Demographic Survey 2017 |url=https://www.statsbots.org.bw/sites/default/files/publications/Botswana%20Demographic%20Survey%20Report%202017.pdf |website=Statistics Botswana}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Statistics |first=Botswana |title=Population Census Atlas 2011: Botswana |publisher=Statsbots |year=2015 |isbn=978-99968-429-0-0 |location=Library |pages=1 |language=English}}</ref>

[[Image:Botswana-demography.svg|thumb|300px|right|Demographics of Botswana, Data of [[Food and Agriculture Organization|FAO]], year 2008; Number of inhabitants in thousands.]]

[[Botswana]], like many nations in southern Africa, suffers from a high [[HIV]] infection rate, estimated among adults ages 15 to 49 to be 20.7%.<ref name=avert>{{cite web | title =HIV & Aids in Botswana|date=21 July 2015|publisher=AVERT International HIV & Aids Charity|url = http://www.avert.org/aids-botswana.htm|access-date=27 January 2021}}</ref>

== Census results ==

{{Historical populations
| title=Botswana Population and Housing Census
| percentages = pagr
| 1904 |120776
| 1911 |124350
| 1921 |152983
| 1936 |265756
| 1946 |296310
| 1956 |309175
| 1964 |549510
| 1971 |596994
| 1981 |941027
| 1991 |1326796
| 2001 |1680863
| 2011 |2024904
| 2022 |2359609
| footnote=<ref name=history /><ref name="indicators">{{cite web |title=TABLE 1: 1971, 1981, 1991 and 2001 CENSUS DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS; BOTSWANA |url=http://www.cso.gov.bw/templates/cso/file/File/Table_1971-2001_Census_Demographic_Indicators(1).pdf |publisher=Central Statistics Office |access-date=20 July 2012 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/69I3pDlJb?url=http://www.cso.gov.bw/templates/cso/file/File/Table_1971-2001_Census_Demographic_Indicators(1).pdf |archive-date=20 July 2012 |location=Gaborone |page=1 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=2011Census>{{cite web |title=The Population of Towns, Villages and Associated Localities |work=2011 Population and Housing Census |url=http://www.cso.gov.bw/templates/cso/file/File/Population%20of%20Towns%20and%20Villages%20_2011%20PHC_%20Jun%204%202012..pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904061357/http://www.cso.gov.bw/templates/cso/file/File/Population%20of%20Towns%20and%20Villages%20_2011%20PHC_%20Jun%204%202012..pdf |archive-date=4 September 2015 |access-date=20 July 2012 |date=June 2012 |publisher=Statistics Botswana |location=Gaborone |page=1 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
}}

=== Bechuanaland Protectorate ===
The seven censuses of Botswana before its independence happened irregularly. Due to the [[Second Boer War|Anglo-Boer War]], the first census of [[Bechuanaland Protectorate]], originally set to occur in 1901, took place on 17 April 1904.<ref name="history">{{cite web|title=History|url=http://www.cso.gov.bw/index.php?option=com_content1&site=census&id=28&parent_id=27|publisher=Central Statistics Office|access-date=20 July 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121113150318/http://www.cso.gov.bw/index.php?option=com_content1&site=census&id=28&parent_id=27|archive-date=13 November 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> The 1931 census was postponed to 1936 because of the [[Great Depression]].<ref name=history /> The early censuses were unreliable and took several years to tabulate; the results were outdated by the time they were calculated.

=== Post-independence ===
There have been six censuses after the independence of Botswana, each occurring every ten years in the year ending in 1 (i.e. 1971, 1981, 1991, 2001, 2011 and 2022). The 1971 census was the first census in Botswana to use de facto enumeration; this method counts people based on how many people spent census night at a specific location. Previously, the citizens were counted based on their usual place of residence. The 2001 census was the first census in Botswana to comply with the [[Southern African Development Community|SADC]] 2000 Census Project, the guidelines of which unify the demographic statistics in southern Africa. The  2011 Census was the fifth census after independence  the [[2011 Botswana Population and Housing Census]], it occurred in August 2011. The most recent sixth  and most recent census is the 2022 Population and Housing Census which was carried out in April 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2022 Population and Housing Census Preliminary Results |url=https://www.statsbots.org.bw/sites/default/files/census_documents/2022%20Population%20and%20Housing%20Census%20Preliminary%20Results.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.statsbots.org.bw/sites/default/files/census_documents/2022%20Population%20and%20Housing%20Census%20Preliminary%20Results.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live}}</ref>

== UN estimates ==
According to {{UN_Population|source}} the total population was {{UN_Population|Botswana}} in {{UN_Population|Year}}, compared to only 413,000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2020 was about 33.4%, 62.1% were between 15 and 65 years of age, while 4.5% of the population were 65 years or older.<ref name="WPP Data Query">{{cite web|url=https://population.un.org/wpp/DataQuery/|title=Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: Data Query Tool|website=un.org|access-date=27 January 2021|archive-date=6 May 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110506065230/http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/index.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: right;"
|+Population by age group
!Year
! Total
! width=40|0–14<br>(%)
! width=40|15–64<br>(%)
! width=40|65+<br>(%)
|-
| 1950
| 413 000||40.9||54.8||4.4
|-
| 1955
| 463 000||41.7||53.9||4.3
|-
| 1960
| 503 000||43.6||52.1||4.3
|-
| 1965
| 560 000||46.8||49.3||4.0
|-
| 1970
| 628 000||47.8||48.3||3.9
|-
| 1975
| 741 000||48.0||48.5||3.5
|-
| 1980
| 898 000||48.5||48.1||3.4
|-
| 1985
|1 070 000||47.9||49.0||3.1
|-
| 1990
|1 287 000||45.0||51.7||3.3
|-
| 1995
|1 469 000||42.2||54.6||3.3
|-
| 2000
|1 643 000||38.7||58.1||3.3
|-
| 2005
|1 799 000||36.5||60.3||3.1
|-
| 2010
|1 987 000||35.0||61.7||3.3
|-
| 2015
|2 121 000||34.9||61.2||3.8
|-
| 2020
|2 352 000||33.4||62.1||4.5
|}

{{Hidden begin
|title= Population by Sex and Age Group (Census 9.VIII.2011):<ref name="unstats_un_org">https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic-social/products/dyb/#statistics></ref>
|titlestyle = background:#EEBC35;
}}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! width="80pt"|Age group
! width="80pt"|Male
! width="80pt"|Female
! width="80pt"|Total
! width="80pt"|%
|-
| align="right" | Total
| align="right" | 988 957
| align="right" | 1 035 947
| align="right" | 2 024 904
| align="right" | 100
|-
| align="right" | 0–4
| align="right" | 119 999
| align="right" | 117 315
| align="right" | 237 314
| align="right" | 11.72
|-
| align="right" | 5–9
| align="right" | 108 544
| align="right" | 106 618
| align="right" | 215 162
| align="right" | 10.63
|-
| align="right" | 10–14
| align="right" | 104 419
| align="right" | 102 875
| align="right" | 207 294
| align="right" | 10.24
|-
| align="right" | 15–19
| align="right" | 104 818
| align="right" | 105 928
| align="right" | 210 746
| align="right" | 10.41
|-
| align="right" | 20–24
| align="right" | 97 249
| align="right" | 103 101
| align="right" | 200 350
| align="right" | 9.89
|-
| align="right" | 25–29
| align="right" | 101 194
| align="right" | 106 658
| align="right" | 207 852
| align="right" | 10.26
|-
| align="right" | 30–34
| align="right" | 84 515
| align="right" | 86 027
| align="right" | 170 542
| align="right" | 8.42
|-
| align="right" | 35–39
| align="right" | 68 435
| align="right" | 66 784
| align="right" | 135 219
| align="right" | 6.68
|-
| align="right" | 40–44
| align="right" | 48 767
| align="right" | 50 530
| align="right" | 99 297
| align="right" | 4.90
|-
| align="right" | 45–49
| align="right" | 37 881
| align="right" | 44 380
| align="right" | 82 261
| align="right" | 4.06
|-
| align="right" | 50–54
| align="right" | 29 742
| align="right" | 36 620
| align="right" | 66 362
| align="right" | 3.28
|-
| align="right" | 55–59
| align="right" | 24 368
| align="right" | 29 681
| align="right" | 54 049
| align="right" | 2.67
|-
| align="right" | 60–64
| align="right" | 17 344
| align="right" | 20 240
| align="right" | 37 584
| align="right" | 1.86
|-
| align="right" | 65–69
| align="right" | 12 243
| align="right" | 15 504
| align="right" | 27 747
| align="right" | 1.37
|-
| align="right" | 70–74
| align="right" | 9 464
| align="right" | 12 797
| align="right" | 22 261
| align="right" | 1.10
|-
| align="right" | 75–79
| align="right" | 6 968
| align="right" | 10 924
| align="right" | 17 892
| align="right" | 0.88
|-
| align="right" | 80–84
| align="right" | 4 875
| align="right" | 8 344
| align="right" | 13 219
| align="right" | 0.65
|-
| align="right" | 85–89
| align="right" | 2 825
| align="right" | 5 422
| align="right" | 8 247
| align="right" | 0.41
|-
| align="right" | 90–94
| align="right" | 1 377
| align="right" | 2 544
| align="right" | 3 921
| align="right" | 0.19
|-
| align="right" | 95+
| align="right" | 3 930
| align="right" | 3 655
| align="right" | 7 585
| align="right" | 0.37
|-
! width="50"|Age group
! width="80pt"|Male
! width="80"|Female
! width="80"|Total
! width="50"|Percent
|-
| align="right" | 0–14
| align="right" | 332 962
| align="right" | 326 808
| align="right" | 659 770
| align="right" | 32.58
|-
| align="right" | 15–64
| align="right" | 614 313
| align="right" | 649 949
| align="right" | 1 264 262
| align="right" | 62.44
|-
| align="right" | 65+
| align="right" | 41 682
| align="right" | 59 190
| align="right" | 100 872
| align="right" | 4.98
|-
|}
{{Hidden end}}

{{Hidden begin
|title= Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2020) (Based on the results of the 2011 Population Census.):<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic-social/products/dyb/dyb_2020/|title=UNSD — Demographic and Social Statistics}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Statistics |first=Botswana |title=Botswana Population Projections 2011-2026 |url=https://www.statsbots.org.bw/sites/default/files/publications/Botswana%20Population%20Projections%202011_2026.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.statsbots.org.bw/sites/default/files/publications/Botswana%20Population%20Projections%202011_2026.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live |website=Statistics Botswana}}</ref>
|titlestyle = background:#EEBC35;
}}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! width="80pt"|Age group
! width="80pt"|Male
! width="80pt"|Female
! width="80pt"|Total
! width="80pt"|%
|-
| align="right" | Total
| align="right" | 1 171 507
| align="right" | 1 227 171
| align="right" | 2 398 679
| align="right" | 100
|-
| align="right" | 0–4
| align="right" | 142 150
| align="right" | 138 970
| align="right" | 281 120
| align="right" | 11.72
|-
| align="right" | 5–9
| align="right" | 128 580
| align="right" | 126 298
| align="right" | 254 879
| align="right" | 10.63
|-
| align="right" | 10–14
| align="right" | 123 694
| align="right" | 121 865
| align="right" | 245 558
| align="right" | 10.24
|-
| align="right" | 15–19
| align="right" | 124 166
| align="right" | 125 481
| align="right" | 249 647
| align="right" | 10.41
|-
| align="right" | 20–24
| align="right" | 115 200
| align="right" | 122 132
| align="right" | 237 332
| align="right" | 9.89
|-
| align="right" | 25–29
| align="right" | 119 873
| align="right" | 126 346
| align="right" | 246 219
| align="right" | 10.26
|-
| align="right" | 30–34
| align="right" | 100 116
| align="right" | 101 907
| align="right" | 202 022
| align="right" | 8.42
|-
| align="right" | 35–39
| align="right" | 81 067
| align="right" | 79 112
| align="right" | 160 179
| align="right" | 6.68
|-
| align="right" | 40–44
| align="right" | 57 769
| align="right" | 59 857
| align="right" | 117 626
| align="right" | 4.90
|-
| align="right" | 45–49
| align="right" | 44 873
| align="right" | 52 572
| align="right" | 97 445
| align="right" | 4.06
|-
| align="right" | 50–54
| align="right" | 35 232
| align="right" | 43 380
| align="right" | 78 612
| align="right" | 3.28
|-
| align="right" | 55–59
| align="right" | 28 866
| align="right" | 35 160
| align="right" | 64 026
| align="right" | 2.67
|-
| align="right" | 60–64
| align="right" | 20 546
| align="right" | 23 976
| align="right" | 44 522
| align="right" | 1.86
|-
| align="right" | 65–69
| align="right" | 14 503
| align="right" | 18 366
| align="right" | 32 869
| align="right" | 1.37
|-
| align="right" | 70–74
| align="right" | 11 211
| align="right" | 15 159
| align="right" | 26 370
| align="right" | 1.10
|-
| align="right" | 75–79
| align="right" | 8 254
| align="right" | 12 940
| align="right" | 21 195
| align="right" | 0.88
|-
| align="right" | 80–84
| align="right" | 5 775
| align="right" | 9 884
| align="right" | 15 659
| align="right" | 0.65
|-
| align="right" | 85–89
| align="right" | 3 346
| align="right" | 6 423
| align="right" | 9 769
| align="right" | 0.41
|-
| align="right" | 90–94
| align="right" | 1 631
| align="right" | 3 014
| align="right" | 4 645
| align="right" | 0.19
|-
| align="right" | 95+
| align="right" | 4 655
| align="right" | 4 330
| align="right" | 8 985
| align="right" | 0.37
|-
! width="50"|Age group
! width="80pt"|Male
! width="80"|Female
! width="80"|Total
! width="50"|Percent
|-
| align="right" | 0–14
| align="right" | 394 424
| align="right" | 387 133
| align="right" | 781 557
| align="right" | 32.58
|-
| align="right" | 15–64
| align="right" | 727 708
| align="right" | 769 922
| align="right" | 1 497 630
| align="right" | 62.44
|-
| align="right" | 65+
| align="right" | 49 375
| align="right" | 70 116
| align="right" | 119 491
| align="right" | 4.98
|-
|}
{{Hidden end}}

{{Hidden begin
|title= Population by Sex and Age Group (Census 18.III.2022):<ref name="unstats_un_org" />
|titlestyle = background:#EEBC35;
}}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! width="80pt"|Age group
! width="80pt"|Male
! width="80pt"|Female
! width="80pt"|Total
! width="80pt"|%
|-
| align="right" | Total
| align="right" | 1 188 544
| align="right" | 1 209 006
| align="right" | 2 397 550
| align="right" | 100
|-
| align="right" | 0–4
| align="right" | 137 857
| align="right" | 136 911
| align="right" | 274 768
| align="right" | 11.46
|-
| align="right" | 5–9
| align="right" | 125 078
| align="right" | 124 428
| align="right" | 249 506
| align="right" | 10.41
|-
| align="right" | 10–14
| align="right" | 120 559
| align="right" | 120 060
| align="right" | 240 619
| align="right" | 10.04
|-
| align="right" | 15–19
| align="right" | 123 039
| align="right" | 123 624
| align="right" | 246 663
| align="right" | 10.29
|-
| align="right" | 20–24
| align="right" | 117 812
| align="right" | 120 325
| align="right" | 238 137
| align="right" | 9.93
|-
| align="right" | 25–29
| align="right" | 122 117
| align="right" | 124 476
| align="right" | 246 593
| align="right" | 10.29
|-
| align="right" | 30–34
| align="right" | 99 674
| align="right" | 100 398
| align="right" | 200 072
| align="right" | 8.34
|-
| align="right" | 35–39
| align="right" | 78 529
| align="right" | 77 940
| align="right" | 156 469
| align="right" | 6.53
|-
| align="right" | 40–44
| align="right" | 58 190
| align="right" | 58 971
| align="right" | 117 161
| align="right" | 4.89
|-
| align="right" | 45–49
| align="right" | 49 091
| align="right" | 51 794
| align="right" | 100 885
| align="right" | 4.21
|-
| align="right" | 50–54
| align="right" | 39 891
| align="right" | 42 738
| align="right" | 82 629
| align="right" | 3.45
|-
| align="right" | 55–59
| align="right" | 32 428
| align="right" | 34 639
| align="right" | 67 067
| align="right" | 2.80
|-
| align="right" | 60–64
| align="right" | 22 416
| align="right" | 23 621
| align="right" | 46 037
| align="right" | 1.92
|-
| align="right" | 65–69
| align="right" | 16 747
| align="right" | 18 095
| align="right" | 34 842
| align="right" | 1.45
|-
| align="right" | 70–74
| align="right" | 13 562
| align="right" | 14 935
| align="right" | 28 497
| align="right" | 1.19
|-
| align="right" | 75–79
| align="right" | 11 124
| align="right" | 12 749
| align="right" | 23 873
| align="right" | 1.00
|-
| align="right" | 80–84
| align="right" | 8 103
| align="right" | 9 738
| align="right" | 17 841
| align="right" | 0.74
|-
| align="right" | 85–89
| align="right" | 5 264
| align="right" | 6 328
| align="right" | 11 592
| align="right" | 0.48
|-
| align="right" | 90–94
| align="right" | 2 491
| align="right" | 2 970
| align="right" | 5 461
| align="right" | 0.23
|-
| align="right" | 95+
| align="right" | 4 572
| align="right" | 4 266
| align="right" | 8 838
| align="right" | 0.37
|-
! width="50"|Age group
! width="80pt"|Male
! width="80"|Female
! width="80"|Total
! width="50"|Percent
|-
| align="right" | 0–14
| align="right" | 383 494
| align="right" | 381 399
| align="right" | 764 893
| align="right" | 31.90
|-
| align="right" | 15–64
| align="right" | 743 187
| align="right" | 758 526
| align="right" | 1 501 713
| align="right" | 62.64
|-
| align="right" | 65+
| align="right" | 61 863
| align="right" | 69 081
| align="right" | 130 944
| align="right" | 5.46
|-
|}
{{Hidden end}}

==Vital statistics==

=== United Nations estimates ===
Registration of vital events in Botswana is not complete. The Population Department of the [[United Nations]] prepared the following estimates. Population estimates account for under numeration in population censuses.<ref>{{cite UN WPP|2022|rows=4541:4612|cols=M,X,AE,S,AH,S,AA,AV,AI}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right"
!rowspan=2|Year
! Mid-year<br>population
!Live births
!Deaths
!Natural<br>change
!Crude birth<br>rate
!Crude death<br>rate
!Natural<br>change
! rowspan=2|[[Total fertility rate|Total<br>fertility<br>rate]]<br>(TFR)
! rowspan=2|[[Infant mortality|Infant<br>mortality]]<br>(per 1000<br>live births)
! rowspan=2|[[Life expectancy|Life<br>expectancy]]<br>(in years)
|-
!colspan=4|(thousands)
!colspan=3|(per 1000)
|-
|1950
|   413
|   19
|   8
|   10
|45.4
|20.3
|25.0
|6.43
|138.1
|44.95
|-
|1951
|  423
|  19
|  9
|  11
|45.6
|20.3
|25.3
|6.43
|136.4
|45.25
|-
|1952
|  433
|  20
|  9
|  11
|45.9
|19.9
|25.9
|6.44
|132.8
|45.86
|-
|1953
|  442
|  21
|  9
|  12
|46.4
|19.5
|26.8
|6.49
|129.3
|46.46
|-
|1954
|  452
|  21
|  9
|  13
|46.8
|19.2
|27.7
|6.53
|125.9
|47.06
|-
|1955
|  462
|  22
|  9
|  13
|47.2
|18.8
|28.4
|6.56
|122.6
|47.65
|-
|1956
|  471
|  22
|  9
|  14
|47.5
|18.4
|29.1
|6.60
|119.5
|48.22
|-
|1957
|  481
|  23
|  9
|  14
|style="color:blue" |47.7
|18.1
|29.7
|6.65
|116.5
|48.74
|-
|1958
|  491
|  24
|  9
|  15
|47.6
|17.6
|30.0
|6.65
|113.4
|49.32
|-
|1959
|  502
|  24
|  9
|  15
|47.5
|17.2
|30.3
|6.65
|110.6
|49.84
|-
|1960
|  513
|  24
|  9
|  16
|47.1
|16.8
|30.3
|6.63
|107.8
|50.37
|-
|1961
|  524
|  25
|  9
|  16
|46.6
|16.3
|30.3
|6.60
|105.0
|50.89
|-
|1962
|  536
|  25
|  9
|  16
|46.1
|15.8
|30.3
|6.57
|102.3
|51.39
|-
|1963
|  549
|  25
|  8
|  17
|46.2
|15.4
|30.8
|6.63
|99.7
|51.88
|-
|1964
|  562
|  26
|  8
|  18
|46.2
|15.0
|31.2
|style="color:blue"|6.69
|97.2
|52.35
|-
|1965
|  571
|  27
|  8
|  18
|45.9
|14.6
|31.3
|6.69
|94.8
|52.81
|-
|1966
|  575
|  27
|  8
|  18
|45.8
|14.3
|31.5
|6.69
|92.4
|53.26
|-
|1967
|  579
|  27
|  8
|  19
|45.7
|14.0
|31.7
|6.68
|90.0
|53.72
|-
|1968
|  583
|  27
|  8
|  19
|45.7
|13.7
|32.0
|6.67
|87.6
|54.19
|-
|1969
|  587
|  27
|  8
|  19
|45.6
|13.4
|32.3
|6.64
|85.0
|54.68
|-
|1970
|  592
|  27
|  8
|  20
|45.7
|13.0
|32.7
|6.62
|82.3
|55.20
|-
|1971
|  604
|  28
|  8
|  20
|45.8
|12.7
|33.1
|6.59
|79.6
|55.75
|-
|1972
|  627
|  29
|  8
|  21
|46.0
|12.2
|33.8
|6.59
|76.6
|56.30
|-
|1973
|  657
|  30
|  8
|  22
|46.1
|11.7
|34.4
|6.59
|73.6
|56.86
|-
|1974
|  692
|  32
|  8
|  24
|46.3
|11.3
|35.0
|6.59
|70.5
|57.42
|-
|1975
|  728
|  34
|  8
|  26
|46.4
|10.9
|35.5
|6.58
|67.3
|58.00
|-
|1976
|  766
|  35
|  8
|  27
|46.4
|10.4
|36.0
|6.56
|64.1
|58.58
|-
|1977
|  807
|  37
|  8
|  29
|46.0
|10.0
|36.0
|6.50
|61.0
|59.17
|-
|1978
|  849
|  39
|  8
|  30
|45.7
|9.6
|style="color:blue" |36.1
|6.44
|57.9
|59.69
|-
|1979
|  894
|  40
|  8
|  32
|45.1
|9.2
|35.9
|6.36
|55.0
|60.18
|-
|1980
|  939
|  42
|  8
|  33
|44.5
|8.9
|35.6
|6.25
|52.3
|60.65
|-
|1981
|  983
|  43
|  8
|  34
|43.7
|8.5
|35.2
|6.13
|49.7
|61.13
|-
|1982
|  1 023
|  43
|  8
|  35
|42.5
|8.2
|34.3
|5.93
|47.2
|61.57
|-
|1983
|  1 061
|  44
|  8
|  36
|41.5
|7.9
|33.5
|5.75
|44.9
|62.00
|-
|1984
|  1 099
|  45
|  8
|  36
|40.6
|7.7
|32.9
|5.58
|42.8
|62.36
|-
|1985
|  1 139
|  45
|  8
|  37
|39.8
|7.5
|32.3
|5.43
|40.8
|62.63
|-
|1986
|  1 179
|  46
|  9
|  37
|39.0
|7.4
|31.6
|5.27
|39.1
|62.68
|-
|1987
|  1 220
|  46
|  9
|  37
|37.8
|7.3
|30.4
|5.06
|37.7
|62.52
|-
|1988
|  1 261
|  46
|  10
|  36
|36.5
|7.6
|28.9
|4.85
|37.3
|61.76
|-
|1989
|  1 302
|  46
|  10
|  36
|35.3
|7.7
|27.7
|4.65
|36.5
|61.43
|-
|1990
|  1 341
|  46
|  11
|  35
|34.4
|8.0
|26.4
|4.51
|36.9
|60.53
|-
|1991
|  1 381
|  46
|  12
|  35
|33.5
|8.4
|25.1
|4.37
|38.2
|59.47
|-
|1992
|  1 421
|  47
|  13
|  34
|33.2
|8.9
|24.2
|4.25
|40.2
|58.35
|-
|1993
|  1 462
|  48
|  14
|  34
|32.8
|9.3
|23.5
|4.15
|42.4
|57.72
|-
|1994
|  1 504
|  48
|  15
|  33
|32.2
|10.0
|22.2
|4.02
|44.9
|56.15
|-
|1995
|  1 544
|  48
|  16
|  31
|31.0
|10.6
|20.4
|3.79
|47.8
|55.06
|-
|1996
|  1 582
|  47
|  17
|  30
|29.9
|11.0
|18.9
|3.57
|50.2
|54.36
|-
|1997
|  1 619
|  47
|  19
|  28
|29.1
|11.5
|17.6
|3.43
|52.7
|53.45
|-
|1998
|  1 656
|  48
|  20
|  28
|29.0
|12.1
|16.9
|3.36
|54.7
|52.52
|-
|1999
|  1 692
|  49
|  21
|  27
|28.9
|12.6
|16.3
|3.31
|56.3
|51.69
|-
|2000
|  1 727
|  50
|  23
|  27
|29.0
|13.1
|15.8
|3.29
|57.3
|51.01
|-
|2001
|  1 762
|  51
|style="color:red" |  24
|  27
|28.9
|13.4
|15.5
|3.25
|57.1
|50.68
|-
|2002
|  1 795
|  51
|  24
|  27
|28.5
|13.5
|14.9
|3.17
|56.0
|50.63
|-
|2003
|  1 827
|  51
|  24
|  27
|28.2
|13.4
|14.8
|3.11
|54.6
|50.95
|-
|2004
|  1 859
|  52
|  24
|  28
|28.1
|13.1
|15.1
|3.06
|52.5
|51.62
|-
|2005
|  1 893
|  54
|  24
|  30
|28.4
|12.6
|15.8
|3.08
|48.9
|52.61
|-
|2006
|  1 929
|  55
|  23
|  32
|28.6
|11.9
|16.8
|3.11
|46.0
|53.92
|-
|2007
|  1 967
|  56
|  21
|  35
|28.6
|10.9
|17.6
|3.13
|43.4
|55.73
|-
|2008
|  2 007
|  57
|  21
|  36
|28.4
|10.3
|18.2
|3.13
|42.7
|57.12
|-
|2009
|  2 049
|  58
|  20
|  38
|28.2
|9.7
|18.5
|3.13
|41.2
|58.28
|-
|2010
|  2 092
|  58
|  19
|  40
|27.9
|8.9
|19.0
|3.13
|38.6
|60.01
|-
|2011
|  2 134
|  59
|  19
|  40
|27.6
|8.7
|18.9
|3.10
|38.9
|60.53
|-
|2012
|  2 175
|  60
|  19
|  41
|27.4
|8.7
|18.7
|3.07
|38.2
|60.80
|-
|2013
|  2 217
|  60
|  18
|  42
|27.1
|8.8
|18.9
|3.04
|37.4
|62.00
|-
|2014
|  2 260
|  61
|  18
|  43
|26.8
|8.4
|18.8
|3.03
|37.8
|62.61
|-
|2015
|  2 305
|  61
|  17
|  44
|26.5
|7.9
|19.0
|3.01
|37.4
|63.82
|-
|2016
|  2 352
|  61
|  16
|  45
|26.3
|7.5
|19.3
|2.99
|37.1
|65.46
|-
|2017
|  2 402
|style="color:blue" |  62
|  15
|style="color:blue" |  46
|26.1
|7.0
|19.0
|2.97
|36.2
|66.75
|-
|2018
|  2 451
|  62
|  17
|  45
|25.9
|6.7
|19.2
|2.94
|35.6
|65.42
|-
|2019
|  2 500
|  62
|  17
|  45
|25.8
|6.4
|19.3
|2.91
|34.9
|65.46
|-
|2020
|  2 546
|  62
|  18
|  44
|25.5
|6.3
|19.3
|2.86
|34.2
|65.65
|-
|2021
|  2 588
|  61
|  24
|  37
|25.4
|8.4
|17.0
|2.83
|33.3
|61.14
|-
|2022
|
|
|
|
|25.3
|5.8
|19.4
|2.78
|
|
|-
|2023
|
|
|
|
|24.7
|style="color:blue" |5.7
|19.0
|2.73
|
|
|-
|2024
|
|
|
|
|24.4
|5.7
|18.6
|2.70
|
|
|-
|2025
|
|
|
|
|style="color:red" |23.9
|5.7
|18.1
|style="color:red" |2.66
|
|
|-
|}

=== Registered births and deaths===
<ref>{{Cite web |title=Demographic and Social Statistics |url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2.htm |access-date=2020-01-27 |website=unstats.un.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Demographic Statistics Statsbots |url=http://www.statsbots.org.bw/publication-by-sector/782 |access-date=2020-01-27 |website=statsbots.org.bw}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"
! Year
! Population
! Live births
! Deaths
! Natural<br>increase
! Crude birth<br>rate
! Crude death<br>rate
! Rate of<br>natural<br>increase
! TFR
|-
| 1964
| 514 876
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| 1971
| 574 094
| 
| 
| 
| 45.3
| 13.7
| 31.6
| 6.5
|-
| 1981
| 941 027
| 45 026
| 12 835
| 32 191
| 48.7
| 13.9
| 34.8
| 6.6
|-
| 1991
| 1 326 796
| 52 351
| 15 221
| 37 130
| 39.3
| 11.5
| 27.8
| 4.2
|-
| 1992
| 1 358 639
| 52 416
| 15 344
| 37 072
| 38.6
| 11.3
| 27.3
| 4.2
|-
| 1993
| 1 391 245
| 52 437
| 15 578
| 36 859
| 37.7
| 11.2
| 26.5
| 4.1
|-
| 1994
| 1 424 636
| 52 598
| 15 822
| 36 776
| 36.9
| 11.1
| 25.8
| 4.1
|-
| 1995
| 1 458 828
| 52 759
| 15 926
| 36 833
| 33.7
| 11.0
| 22.7
| 4.1
|-
| 1996
| 1 495 993
| 52 921
| 16 031
| 36 890
| 32.4
| 10.9
| 21.5
| 4.0
|-
| 1997
| 1 533 393
| 53 083
| 16 137
| 36 946
| 32.3
| 10.8
| 21.5
| 4.0
|-
| 1998
| 1 571 728
| 53 245
| 16 244
| 37 001
| 32.2
| 10.7
| 21.5
| 4.0
|-
| 1999
| 1 611 021
| 53 407
| 16 352
| 37 055
| 32.1
| 10.6
| 21.5
| 3.9
|-
| 2001
| 1 680 862
| 41 080
| 20 823
| 20 257
| 28.9
| 12.4
| 16.5
| 3.3
|-
| 2002
| 1 667 487
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| 2003
| 1 691 390
| 41 206
| 
| 
| 24.4
| 
| 
| 
|-
| 2004
| 1 711 334
| 37 947
| 
| 
| 22.2
| 
| 
| 
|-
| 2005
| 1 727 372
| 46 945
| 
| 
| 27.2
| 
| 
| 
|-
| 2006
| 1 739 556
| 44 050
| 19 088
| 24 962
| 29.8
| 11.2
| 18.6
| 3.2
|-
| 2007
| 1 756 651
| 44 452
| 
| 
| 25.3
| 
| 
| 
|-
| 2008
| 1 776 283
| 44 961
| 
| 
| 25.3
| 
| 
| 
|-
| 2009
| 1 798 372
| 46 624
| 
| 
| 25.9
| 
| 
| 
|-
| 2010
| 1 822 858
| 50 328
| 
| 
| 27.6
| 
| 
| 
|-
| 2011
| 2 024 904
| 51 871
| 13 301
| 38 570
| 25.7
| 6.3
| 19.4
| 2.89
|-
| 2012
| 2 068 529
| 50 048
| 12 270
| 37 778
| 24.2
| 5.9
| 18.3
| 
|-
| 2013
| 2 110 050
| 49 839
| 11 967
| 37 872
| 23.6
| 5.6
| 18.0
| 
|-
| 2014
| 2 149 255
| 47 478
| 12 177
| 35 301
| 22.1
| 5.6
| 16.5
| 
|-
| 2015
| 2 185 903
| 57 480
| 13 030
| 44 450
| 26.3
| 6.0
| 20.3
| 
|-
| 2016
| 2 219 732
| 54 267
| 12 825
| 41 442
| 24.4
| 5.8
| 18.6
| 
|-
| 2017
| 2 254 021
| 52 358
| 12 386
| 39 972
| 23.2
| 5.5
| 17.7
| 3.1
|-
| 2018
| 2 288 656
| 54 023
| 12 609
| 41 414
| 23.6
| 5.5
| 18.1
| 2.656
|-
| 2019
| 2 323 493
| 54 100
| 13 185
| 40 015
| 23.3
| 5.7
| 17.6
| 2.648
|-
| 2020
| 2 358 445
| 58 646
| 12 219
| 46 427
| 24.9
| 5.2
| 19.7
| 2.844
|-
| 2021
| 2 393 396
| 50 962
| 17 590
| 33 372
| 21.1
| 7.3
| 13.8
| 2.478
|-
| 2022
| 2 359 609 <ref name="Statistics Botswana - Census 2022 - Population of cities, towns and villages">{{Cite web |title=Statistics Botswana – Census 2022 – Population of cities, towns and villages |url=https://www.statsbots.org.bw/sites/default/files/publications/Population%20of%20Cities%20Towns%20and%20Villages%20%202022.pdf |access-date=22 July 2022 |archive-date=9 October 2022 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.statsbots.org.bw/sites/default/files/publications/Population%20of%20Cities%20Towns%20and%20Villages%20%202022.pdf |url-status=live|page=9}}</ref>
| 48 464
| 13 924
| 34 540
| 20.5
| 5.9
| 14.6
| 2.442
|-
| 2023
| 2 392 644 
| 46 352
| 13 694
| 32 658
| 19.4
| 5.7
| 13.7
| 2.37(e)
|}
Source: Vital Statistics Report 2012.
{{Chart|definition=Botswana Total Population.chart|data=Botswana Total Population.tab|Width=450}}
{{Chart|definition=Botswana Population Change.chart|data=Botswana Population Change.tab|Width=450}}
{{Chart|definition=Botswana Infant Mortality.chart|data=Botswana Infant Mortality.tab|Width=450}}
{{Chart|definition=Botswana TFR.chart|data=Botswana TFR.tab|Width=450}}

===Life expectancy at birth===
Life expectancy from 1950 to 2020 (''UN World Population Prospects''):<ref>{{cite web|url=https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/DataQuery/|title=World Population Prospects – Population Division – United Nations|access-date=2021-01-27}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Vital Statistics 2019 |url=https://www.statsbots.org.bw/sites/default/files/publications/Vital%20Statistics%20Report%202019.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.statsbots.org.bw/sites/default/files/publications/Vital%20Statistics%20Report%202019.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live |website=Statistics Botswana}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
!Period
!Life expectancy<br>(years)
|-
|1950–1955
|44.89
|-
|1955–1960
|{{increase}} 47.82
|-
|1960–1965
|{{increase}} 50.42
|-
|1965–1970
|{{increase}} 52.67
|-
|1970–1975
|{{increase}} 55.09
|-
|1975–1980
|{{increase}} 57.92
|-
|1980–1985
|{{increase}} 60.11
|-
|1985–1990
|{{increase}} 61.09
|-
|1990–1995
|{{decrease}} 56.43
|-
|1995–2000
|{{decrease}} 52.63
|-
|2000–2005
|{{decrease}} 50.06
|-
|2005–2010
|{{increase}} 55.86
|-
|2010–2015
|{{increase}} 64.45
|-
|2015–2020
|{{increase}} 69.09
|}

==Ethnic groups==
{{main|Ethnic groups in Botswana}}
:[[Tswana people|Tswana]] 79%, [[BaKalanga|Kalanga]] 11%, [[Basarwa]] 3%, Other 7% (including [[Kgalagadi people|Kgalagadi]], [[Indians in Botswana|Indians]] and [[White people in Botswana|White people]]).<ref name="CIATONGA">{{cite web|url= https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/botswana/|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210109202201/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/botswana|url-status= dead|archive-date= January 9, 2021|title= Africa :: BOTSWANA|date= 16 November 2021|publisher= CIA The World Factbook}}</ref>

==Languages==
{{Main|Languages of Botswana}}
[[Setswana]] 77.3%, [[Kalanga language|Kalanga]] 7.4%, [[Kgalagadi language|Sekgalagadi]] 3.4%, [[English language|English]] 2.8%, [[Shona language|Shona]] 2.0%, [[Tshwa language|Sesarwa]] 1.7%, [[Mbukushu language|Sehambukushu]] 1.6%, [[Northern Ndebele language|Ndebele]] 1.0%, Others 2.8%. (2011 est.)<ref name="CIATONGA"/>

==Religions==
{{main|Religion in Botswana}}
: [[Christianity|Christian]] 79.1%, [[Badimo]] 4.1%, Other 1.4% (includes the [[Baháʼí Faith]], [[Hinduism|Hindu]], [[Islam]], [[Rastafari]]), None 15.2%, Unspecified 0.3% (2011 est.)<ref name="CIATONGA"/>

==Migrants==

According to the United Nations, there were 110,596 international migrants in Botswana in 2019. Their most common countries of origin were as follows:
{{table alignment}}
{| class="wikitable col2right"
|+International migrants in Botswana in 2019
| {{ZIM}} ||64,477
|-
| {{ZAF}} || 5,780
|-
| {{IND}} || 5,668
|-
| {{CHN}} || 4,792
|-
| {{ZAM}} || 4,429
|-
| {{MWI}} || 1,484
|-
| {{GBR}} || 1,320
|-
| {{NGA}} || 1,238
|-
| {{KEN}} || 1,215
|-
| {{DRC}} || 1,133
|-
| {{SRI}} || 992
|-
| {{NAM}} || 992
|-
| {{USA}} || 923
|-
| {{TAN}} || 818
|-
| {{ANG}} || 782
|-
| {{NED}} || 640
|-
| {{IRL}} || 629
|-
| {{ESW}} || 611
|-
| {{MOZ}} || 607
|}
Source: [[United Nations]]{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/migration/data/estimates2/estimates19.asp|title= Migrant Stock by Origin and Destination|date=2019|access-date=27 January 2021}}

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Commons category|Demographics of Botswana}}

{{CIA World Factbook|year=2009}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060618200158/http://www.cso.gov.bw/html/tabdem04_dem1.html Botswana Demographics 2001] Central Statistics Office (Botswana), Census and Demographic Statistics for the year 2001.

{{Botswana topics}}
{{Africa in topic|Demographics of}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Demographics Of Botswana}}
[[Category:Demographics of Botswana| ]]