View source for George Harrison

{{Short description|English musician (1943–2001)}}
{{About|the musician|other people named George Harrison|George Harrison (disambiguation)}}
{{Featured article}}
{{Pp-semi-indef|small=yes}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2025}}
{{Infobox person
| name               = George Harrison
| honorific_suffix   = {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|MBE}}
| image              = George-wa-portrait.jpg
| alt                = Harrison with shoulder-length hair and a moustache
| caption            = Harrison in 1968
| birth_date         = {{birth date|df=yes|1943|02|25}}
| birth_place        = [[Liverpool]], England
| death_date         = {{death date and age|df=yes|2001|11|29|1943|2|25}}
| death_place        = [[Los Angeles]], California, US<!--"US" does not take full stops/points in British English; Harrison's house was just inside LA city limits-->
| occupation         = {{hlist|Musician|singer|songwriter|music and film producer}}
| years_active       = 1958–2001
| spouse             = {{unbulleted list|{{marriage|[[Pattie Boyd]]|1966|1977|end=divorced}}|{{marriage|[[Olivia Arias]]|1978<!--Per Template:Marriage instructions, year is omitted when marriage ends by death of subject of article-->}}}}
| children           = [[Dhani Harrison]]
| website            = {{URL|georgeharrison.com}}
| module             = {{Infobox musical artist
| embed            = yes
| background       = solo_singer
| genre            = {{hlist|[[Rock music|Rock]]|[[Pop music|pop]]|[[Indian classical]]}}
 | works            = {{flatlist|
* [[George Harrison discography|Discography]]
* [[List of songs recorded by George Harrison|songs]]
}}
| instruments      = {{hlist|Guitar|vocals|[[sitar]]|keyboards|[[ukulele]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ukulelemagazine.com/stories/beatles-george-harrison-ukulele-crusade|title=How The Beatles' George Harrison Turned His Love of Ukulele into a Personal Crusade
|website=Ukulele Magazine|date=5 August 2021
|access-date=2025-04-18}}</ref>|bass guitar}}<!--- If you think an instrument should be listed, a discussion to reach consensus is needed first per: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Infobox_musical_artist#instruments--->
| label            = {{hlist|[[Parlophone]]|[[Capitol Records|Capitol]]|[[Swan Records|Swan]]|[[Apple Records|Apple]]|[[Vee-Jay]]|[[Dark Horse Records|Dark Horse]]|[[All Things Must Pass#2001|Gnome]]}}
| past_member_of   = {{hlist|[[The Quarrymen]]|[[The Beatles]]|[[Plastic Ono Band]]|[[Delaney & Bonnie and Friends]]|[[Traveling Wilburys]]}}
}}
| signature          = George Harrison signature.svg
| signature_size     = 150px
}}

'''George Harrison'''{{refn|group=nb|Some published sources give Harold as Harrison's middle name.<ref>{{harvnb|Everett|2001|p=36}}; {{harvnb|Giuliano|Giuliano|1998|p=246}}</ref> However, there is no middle name on his birth certificate.}} (25 February 1943{{r|group=nb|"birthday"}}&nbsp;– 29 November 2001) was an English musician who achieved international fame as the lead guitarist of [[the Beatles]]. Known as "the quiet Beatle", Harrison played a significant role in shaping the band's musical direction and established a successful solo career, particularly through his interest in non-Western musical influences. 

Although most of the band's songs were written by [[John Lennon and Paul McCartney]], most Beatles albums from 1965 onwards contained at least two Harrison compositions, including "[[Taxman]]", "[[Within You Without You]]", "[[While My Guitar Gently Weeps]]", "[[Something (Beatles song)|Something]]" and "[[Here Comes the Sun]]". Harrison's earliest musical influences included [[George Formby]] and [[Django Reinhardt]]; subsequent influences were [[Carl Perkins]], [[Chet Atkins]] and [[Chuck Berry]]. By 1965, he had begun to lead the Beatles into [[folk rock]] through his interest in [[Bob Dylan]] and [[the Byrds]], and towards [[Indian classical music]] through his use of Indian instruments, such as the [[sitar]], which he had become acquainted with on the set of the film ''[[Help! (film)|Help!]].''<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 15, 2017 |title=George Harrison's sitar to be auctioned |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-41276669 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250719083435/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-41276669 |archive-date=July 19, 2025 |access-date=August 13, 2025 |publisher=[[BBC]]}}</ref> He played sitar on numerous Beatles songs, starting with "[[Norwegian Wood (This Bird Has Flown)]]". Having initiated the band's embrace of [[Transcendental Meditation]] in 1967, he subsequently developed an association with the [[Hare Krishna movement]]. Harrison's first marriage, to model [[Pattie Boyd]] in 1966, ended in divorce in 1977. In the following year he married [[Olivia Arias]], with whom he had a son, [[Dhani Harrison|Dhani]]. 

After [[Break-up of the Beatles|the Beatles disbanded]], Harrison released the triple album ''[[All Things Must Pass]]'', a critically acclaimed work that produced his most successful hit single, "[[My Sweet Lord]]", and introduced the signature sound of his solo efforts: the [[slide guitar]]. He also organised the 1971 [[Concert for Bangladesh]] with Indian musician [[Ravi Shankar]], a precursor to [[benefit concert]]s such as [[Live Aid]]. In his role as a music and film producer, Harrison produced acts signed to the Beatles' [[Apple Records|Apple]] record label before founding [[Dark Horse Records]] in 1974. He co-founded [[HandMade Films]] in 1978, initially to produce the [[Monty Python]] troupe's [[comedy film]] ''[[The Life of Brian]]'' (1979).

Harrison released several best-selling singles and albums as a solo performer. In 1988, he co-founded the [[RIAA certification|platinum-selling]] [[Supergroup (music)|supergroup]] the [[Traveling Wilburys]]. A prolific recording artist, he was featured as a guest guitarist on tracks by [[Badfinger]], [[Ronnie Wood]], and [[Billy Preston]], and collaborated on songs and music with Dylan, [[Eric Clapton]], [[Ringo Starr]], and [[Tom Petty]]. ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' magazine ranked him number 31 in their 2023 list of greatest guitarists of all time.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=13 October 2023 |title=The 250 Greatest Guitarists of All Time |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-guitarists-1234814010/ |access-date=14 October 2023 |magazine=Rolling Stone |language=en-US}}</ref> He is a two-time [[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]] inductee – as a member of the Beatles in 1988, and posthumously for his solo career in 2004.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://radio.com/2014/12/16/green-day-joan-jett-ringo-starr-lead-rock-hall-2015-inductees|title=2015 Rock Hall inductees|publisher=Radio.com|access-date=16 December 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141217154623/http://radio.com/2014/12/16/green-day-joan-jett-ringo-starr-lead-rock-hall-2015-inductees/|archive-date=17 December 2014}}</ref> A lifelong smoker, Harrison died of cancer in 2001 at the age of 58.

==<span class="anchor" id="Early years"></span> Early years: 1943–1958==
[[File:12ArnoldGrove.JPG|thumb|upright|alt=Harrison's first home, a red brick building|Harrison's place of birth and first home – [[12 Arnold Grove]]]]
George Harrison was born at [[12 Arnold Grove]] in [[Wavertree]], Liverpool, on 25 February 1943.{{sfn|Harrison|2002|p=20}}{{refn|group=nb|name=birthday|Author [[Barry Miles]] writes that Harrison was born at 11:42&nbsp;pm on 24 February.{{sfn|Miles|2001|p=6}} Author [[Mark Lewisohn]] writes that it was 12:10&nbsp;am on 25 February, with that date provided on both Harrison's [[Birth certificate|birth]] and [[baptism]] certificates.{{sfn|Lewisohn|2013|pp=34, 805n11}} Harrison had recognised 25 February as his birthday for most of his life before stating in a 1992 ''Billboard'' article that he had recently learned it was 24 February.<ref>{{cite magazine|author=Anon.|title=This Week in Billboard|date=5 December 1992|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|page=5|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Billboard/90s/1992/Billboard-1992-12-05.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122001639/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Billboard/90s/1992/Billboard-1992-12-05.pdf |archive-date=22 January 2021 |url-status=live|via=worldradiohistory.com}}</ref>{{sfn|Lewisohn|2013|p=805n11}}}} He was the youngest of four children of Harold Hargreaves (or Hargrove) Harrison and Louise (née French).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.beatlesireland.info/Irish%20Heritage/georgeheritage.html |title=Beatles Ireland – George Harrison Irish Heritage |website=Beatlesireland.info |access-date=28 May 2018 |archive-date=14 December 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121214103013/http://www.beatlesireland.info/Irish%20Heritage/georgeheritage.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Harold was a [[Bus conductor|bus conductor]] who had worked as a [[National Union of Ship's Stewards|ship's steward]] on the [[White Star Line]],{{sfn|Gould|2007|p=55}} and Louise was a shop assistant of [[Irish Catholic]] descent.{{sfn|Miles|2001|p=6}} He had one sister, Louise, and two brothers, Harold and Peter.

According to Boyd, Harrison's mother was particularly supportive: "All she wanted for her children is that they should be happy, and she recognised that nothing made George quite as happy as making music."{{sfn|Boyd|2007|p=82}} Louise was an enthusiastic music fan, and she was known among friends for her loud singing voice, which at times startled visitors by rattling the Harrisons' windows.{{sfn|Spitz|2005|p=120}} When Louise was pregnant with George, she often listened to the weekly broadcast ''Radio India''. Harrison's biographer Joshua Greene wrote, "Every Sunday she tuned in to mystical sounds evoked by sitars and [[tabla]]s, hoping that the exotic music would bring peace and calm to the baby in the womb."{{sfn|Greene|2006|p=2}}

Harrison lived at 12 Arnold Grove until 1 January 1950.<Ref>The Beatles - page 48 - Mark Lewisohn</Ref> A terraced house on a [[cul-de-sac]], it had an outdoor toilet, and its only heat came from a single coal fire. In the autumn of 1949, the family was offered a [[council house]] and moved to 25 Upton Green, [[Speke]].{{sfn|Miles|2001|p=7}} In 1948, Harrison enrolled at [[Dovedale Primary School]].{{sfn|Inglis|2010|p=xiii}} He passed the [[eleven-plus exam]] and attended [[Liverpool Institute High School for Boys]] from 1954 to 1959.<ref>{{harvnb|Everett|2001|p=36}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Greene|2006|p=7}}</ref> Though the institute did offer a music course, Harrison was disappointed with the absence of guitars, and felt that the school "moulded [students] into being frightened".{{sfn|Harrison|2002| pp= 22–23}}

Harrison's earliest musical influences included [[George Formby]], [[Cab Calloway]], [[Django Reinhardt]] and [[Hoagy Carmichael]];{{sfn|Leng|2006|pp=302, 303–04}} by the 1950s, [[Carl Perkins]] and [[Lonnie Donegan]] were significant influences.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://rockhall.com/inductees/george-harrison/bio/|title=Rock & Roll Hall of Fame: George Harrison Biography|website=rockhall.com|access-date=29 October 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912010920/https://rockhall.com/inductees/george-harrison/bio/|archive-date=12 September 2015}}</ref> In early 1956, he had an epiphany: while riding his bicycle, he heard [[Elvis Presley]]'s "[[Heartbreak Hotel]]" playing from a nearby house, and the song piqued his interest in [[rock and roll]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2001/nov/30/guardianobituaries1 |title=George Harrison, 1943–2001: Former Beatle George Harrison dies from cancer aged 58 |last=Laing |first=Dave |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=30 November 2001 |access-date=25 December 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131227122516/http://www.theguardian.com/news/2001/nov/30/guardianobituaries1 |archive-date=27 December 2013}}; {{harvnb|Leng|2006|pp=302–304}}: Harrison's earliest musical influences.</ref> He often sat at the back of the class drawing guitars in his schoolbooks, and later commented, "I was totally into guitars."{{sfn|Lange|2001|p=6}} Harrison cited [[Slim Whitman]] as another early influence: "The first person I ever saw playing a guitar was Slim Whitman, either a photo of him in a magazine or live on television. Guitars were definitely coming in."{{sfn|The Beatles|2000|p=28}}

When George Harrison was about 14, a friend of Harrison, Raymond Hughes, offered to sell a guitar. Harrison's mother then paid for the guitar, which cost £3.10s.– ({{Inflation|UK|3.5|1956|r=-1|fmt=eq|cursign=£}}{{Inflation-fn|UK|df=y}}).<ref>{{harvnb|Babiuk|2002|p=17}}: Dutch Egmond; {{harvnb|Boyd|2007|p=82}}: His father was apprehensive about his interest in pursuing a music career.</ref><ref>{{Cite book |title=The Beatles Anthology |publisher=Chronicle Books |pages=27 |language=English}}</ref> One of his father's friends taught Harrison how to play "[[Whispering (song)|Whispering]]", "[[Sweet Sue, Just You|Sweet Sue]]" and "[[Dinah (song)|Dinah]]". Inspired by Donegan's music, Harrison formed a [[skiffle]] group, the Rebels, with his brother Peter and a friend, Arthur Kelly.<ref>{{harvnb|Babiuk|2002|p=17}}; {{harvnb|Everett|2001|p=36}}: A friend of his father's taught Harrison some chords; {{harvnb|Spitz|2005|p=120}}; {{cite news |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article2106466.ece |title=Lives in Brief: Peter Harrison |date=20 July 2007 |work=[[The Times]] |access-date=22 July 2007 |first=Sadie |last=Gray |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110810114350/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article2106466.ece |archive-date=10 August 2011}} {{subscription required}}</ref> On the bus to school, Harrison met [[Paul McCartney]], who also attended the Liverpool Institute, and the pair bonded over their shared love of music.<ref>{{harvnb|Inglis|2010|pp=xiii–xiv}}; {{harvnb|Miles|2001|p=13}}.</ref>

==The Beatles: 1958–1970==
{{Main|The Beatles}}

McCartney and his friend [[John Lennon]] were in a skiffle group called [[the Quarrymen]]. In March 1958, at McCartney's urging, Harrison auditioned for the Quarrymen at [[Rory Storm]]'s Morgue Skiffle Club, playing [[Arthur "Guitar Boogie" Smith]]'s "[[Guitar Boogie Shuffle]]", but Lennon felt that Harrison, having just turned 15, was too young to join the band.{{sfn|Spitz|2005|pp=125–126}} McCartney arranged a second meeting, on the upper deck of a Liverpool bus, during which Harrison impressed Lennon by performing the lead guitar part for the instrumental "[[Raunchy (instrumental)|Raunchy]]".<ref>{{harvnb|Miles|1997|p=47}}; {{harvnb|Spitz|2005|p=127}}.</ref> He began socialising with the group, filling in on guitar as needed,{{sfn|Davies|2009|pp=44–45}} and then became accepted as a member.{{sfn|Lewisohn|1992|p=13}} Although his father wanted him to continue his education, Harrison left school at 16 and worked for several months as an apprentice electrician at [[Blacklers]], a local department store.<ref>{{harvnb|Boyd|2007|p=82}}: (secondary source); {{harvnb|Davies|2009|p=55}}: (secondary source); {{harvnb|Harrison|2002|p=29}}: (primary source).</ref> During the group's first tour of Scotland, in 1960, Harrison used the pseudonym "Carl Harrison", in reference to Carl Perkins.{{sfn|Lewisohn|2013|p=309}}

[[File:The Beatles arrive at Schiphol Airport 1964-06-05 - George Harrison 916-5132 cropped.jpg|right|thumb|upright=0.9|alt=A young man is seated in front of a microphone near the centre of the picture, smoking a cigarette. Behind him, partially visible, stand several young women.|Harrison at a Beatles press conference in Amsterdam in 1964]]
In 1960, promoter [[Allan Williams]] arranged for the band, now calling themselves the Beatles, to play at the Indra and [[Kaiserkeller]] clubs in [[Hamburg]], both owned by [[Bruno Koschmider]].{{sfn|Miles|1997|pp=57–58}} Their first residency in Hamburg ended prematurely when Harrison was deported for being too young to work in nightclubs.{{sfn|Miles|2001|p=27}} When [[Brian Epstein]] became their manager in December 1961, he polished up their image and later secured them a recording contract with [[EMI]].<ref>{{harvnb|Babiuk|2002|p=59}}; {{harvnb|Miles|1997|pp=84–88}}.</ref> The group's first single, "[[Love Me Do]]", peaked at number 17 on the ''[[Record Retailer]]'' chart, and by the time their debut album, ''[[Please Please Me]]'', was released in early 1963, [[Beatlemania]] had arrived.<ref>{{harvnb|Greene|2006|p=34}}; {{harvnb|Lewisohn|1992|pp=59–60}}.</ref> Often serious and focused while on stage with the band, Harrison was known as the "Quiet Beatle".<ref name="guardianobit">{{Cite news |last=Laing |first=Dave |title=George Harrison 1943–2001 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2001/nov/30/guardianobituaries1 |date=30 November 2001 |newspaper=The Guardian |access-date=18 August 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131227122516/http://www.theguardian.com/news/2001/nov/30/guardianobituaries1 |archive-date=27 December 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/music/1432634.stm |title=George Harrison: The quiet Beatle |work=BBC News |access-date=18 August 2018|date=30 November 2001 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080303201645/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/music/1432634.stm |archive-date=3 March 2008 }}</ref> That moniker arose when the Beatles arrived in the United States in early 1964, and Harrison was ill with a case of [[strep throat]] and a fever and was medically advised to limit speaking as much as possible until he performed on ''[[The Ed Sullivan Show]]'' as scheduled. As such, the press noticed Harrison's apparent laconic nature in public appearances on that tour and the subsequent nickname stuck, much to Harrison's amusement.<ref>{{cite news |last1=O'Relly |first1=Terry |title=How the Spanish Flu wasn't Spanish at all |url=https://www.cbc.ca/radio/undertheinfluence/how-the-spanish-flu-wasn-t-spanish-at-all-1.5607552 |access-date=13 June 2020 |agency=Pirate Radio |issue=11 June 2020 |publisher=CBC Radio One |archive-date=1 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210801144506/https://www.cbc.ca/radio/undertheinfluence/how-the-spanish-flu-wasn-t-spanish-at-all-1.5607552 |url-status=live }}</ref> He had two lead vocal credits on the LP, including the [[Lennon–McCartney]] song "[[Do You Want to Know a Secret?]]", and three on their second album, ''[[With the Beatles]]'' (1963).{{sfn|MacDonald|1998|pp=66, 79, 82, 87}} The latter included "[[Don't Bother Me]]", Harrison's first solo writing credit.{{sfn|Everett|2001|p=193}}

[[File:George Harrison and Ringo Starr, King's Hall, Belfast 1964 (18226096790).jpg|left|thumb|Harrison (left) and [[Ringo Starr]] (right) performing at the King's Hall in Belfast, 1964]]
Harrison served as the Beatles' scout for new American releases, being especially knowledgeable about [[soul music]].{{sfn|MacDonald|1998|p=148fn}} By 1965's ''[[Rubber Soul]]'', he had begun to lead the other Beatles into [[folk rock]] through his interest in [[the Byrds]] and [[Bob Dylan]], and towards [[Indian classical music]] through his use of the sitar on "[[Norwegian Wood (This Bird Has Flown)]]".<ref>{{harvnb|Unterberger|2002|pp=180–181}}; {{harvnb|Leng|2006|p=19}}; {{harvnb|Everett|2001|pp=313–315}}.</ref>{{refn|group=nb|Harrison also contributed the songs "[[If I Needed Someone]]" and "[[Think for Yourself]]" to ''Rubber Soul''.{{sfn|Womack|2007|pp=124–125}}}} He later called ''Rubber Soul'' his favourite Beatles album.{{sfn|The Beatles|2000|p=194}} ''[[Revolver (Beatles album)|Revolver]]'' (1966) included three of his compositions: "[[Taxman]]", selected as the album's opening track, "[[Love You To]]" and "[[I Want to Tell You]]".<ref>{{harvnb|Leng|2006|p=19}}; {{harvnb|Schaffner|1980|pp=75–78}}.</ref> His drone-like [[Tanpura|tambura]] part on Lennon's "[[Tomorrow Never Knows]]" exemplified the band's ongoing exploration of non-Western instruments,{{sfn|Everett|1999|pp=35–36}} while the sitar- and [[tabla]]-based "Love You To" represented the Beatles' first genuine foray into Indian music.{{sfn|Everett|1999|pp=40–42}} According to the [[ethnomusicologist]] David Reck, the latter song set a precedent in popular music as an example of Asian culture being represented by Westerners respectfully and without parody.<ref>{{harvnb|Leng|2006|p=22}}: (secondary source); {{cite journal|last=Reck|first=D.B.|title=Beatles Orientalis: Influences from Asia in a Popular Song Form|journal=Asian Music|volume=XVI|issue=1|year=1985|pages=83–150|doi=10.2307/834014|jstor=834014| issn = 0044-9202 }}: (primary source)</ref> Author [[Nicholas Schaffner]] wrote in 1978 that following Harrison's increased association with the sitar after "Norwegian Wood", he became known as "the maharaja of [[raga-rock]]".{{sfn|Schaffner|1978|p=66}} Harrison continued to develop his interest in non-Western instrumentation, playing [[swarmandal]] on "[[Strawberry Fields Forever]]".{{sfn|Winn|2009|p=74}}

By late 1966, Harrison's interests had moved away from the Beatles. This was reflected in his choice of Eastern [[guru]]s and religious leaders for inclusion on the album cover for ''[[Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band]]'' in 1967.{{sfn|Tillery|2011|pp=59–60}}{{refn|group=nb|The [[Self-Realization Fellowship]] gurus [[Mahavatar Babaji]], [[Lahiri Mahasaya]], [[Sri Yukteswar]] and [[Paramahansa Yogananda]] appear on the ''Sgt Pepper'' cover at his request.{{sfn|Tillery|2011|p=81}}}} His sole composition on the album was the Indian-inspired "[[Within You Without You]]", to which no other Beatle contributed.<ref>{{harvnb|Everett|1999|pp=111–112}}; {{harvnb|Leng|2006|pp=29–30}}.</ref> He played sitar and tambura on the track, backed by musicians from the London [[Asian Music Circle]] on [[Esraj|dilruba]], swarmandal and tabla.{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|pp=178–179}}{{refn|group=nb|Further examples of Indian instrumentation from Harrison during his Beatles years include his [[Tanpura|tambura]] parts on McCartney's "[[Getting Better]]" and Lennon's "[[Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds]]" (both 1967), and sitar and tambura on Lennon's "[[Across the Universe]]" (1968).{{sfn|Everett|1999|pp=103–06, 156–58}}}} He later commented on the ''Sgt. Pepper'' album: "It was a millstone and a milestone in the music industry&nbsp;... There's about half the songs I like and the other half I can't stand."{{sfn|Clayson|2003|pp=214–15}}

In January 1968, he recorded the basic track for his song "[[The Inner Light (song)|The Inner Light]]" at EMI's studio in [[Bombay]], using a group of local musicians playing traditional Indian instruments.{{sfn|Tillery|2011|p=63}} Released as the B-side to McCartney's "[[Lady Madonna]]", it was the first Harrison composition to appear on a Beatles single.{{sfn|Tillery|2011|p=63}} Derived from a quotation from the ''[[Tao Te Ching]]'', the song's lyric reflected Harrison's deepening interest in Hinduism and [[Transcendental Meditation|meditation]].<ref>{{harvnb|Harrison|2002|p=118}}; {{harvnb|Tillery|2011|p=87}}.</ref> During the recording of ''[[The Beatles (album)|The Beatles]]'' that same year, tensions within the group ran high, and drummer [[Ringo Starr]] quit briefly.{{sfn|Lewisohn|1992|pp=295–296}} Harrison's four songwriting contributions to the double album included "[[While My Guitar Gently Weeps]]", which featured [[Eric Clapton]] on lead guitar, and the [[Horn section|horn]]-driven "[[Savoy Truffle]]".{{sfn|Schaffner|1978|p=115}}

[[File:Don Grierson with George Harrison Golden Apple Award.jpeg|thumb|Harrison (left, with [[Don Grierson (music executive)|Don Grierson]]), in Los Angeles in October 1968]]
Dylan and [[the Band]] were a major musical influence on Harrison at the end of his career with the Beatles.{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=52}} While on a visit to [[Woodstock, New York|Woodstock]] in late 1968, he established a friendship with Dylan and found himself drawn to the Band's sense of communal music-making and to the creative equality among the band members, which contrasted with Lennon and McCartney's domination of the Beatles' songwriting and creative direction. This coincided with a prolific period in his songwriting and a growing desire to assert his independence from the Beatles.{{sfn|Leng|2006|pp=39–52}} Tensions among the group surfaced again in January 1969, at [[Twickenham Studios]], during the filmed rehearsals that became the 1970 documentary ''[[Let It Be (1970 film)|Let It Be]]''.{{sfn|Leng|2006|pp=39–52}} Frustrated by the cold and sterile film studio, by Lennon's creative disengagement from the Beatles, and by what he perceived as a domineering attitude from McCartney, Harrison quit the group on 10 January. He returned 12 days later, after his bandmates had agreed to move the film project to their own [[Apple Studio]] and to abandon McCartney's plan for making a return to public performance.{{sfn|Doggett|2009|pp=60–63}}

{{Listen
| filename     = Something (Beatles song - sample).ogg
| title        = "Something"
| description  = The love ballad "[[Something (Beatles song)|Something]]" from the Beatles' 1969 studio album ''[[Abbey Road]]'' is widely praised as one of Harrison's greatest songwriting achievements
}}
Relations among the Beatles were more cordial, though still strained, when the band recorded their 1969 album ''[[Abbey Road]]''.{{sfn|Miles|2001|p=354}} The LP included what Lavezzoli describes as "two classic contributions" from Harrison – "[[Here Comes the Sun]]" and "[[Something (Beatles song)|Something]]" – that saw him "finally achieve equal songwriting status" with Lennon and McCartney.{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|p=185}} During the album's recording, Harrison asserted more creative control than before, rejecting suggestions for changes to his music, particularly from McCartney.{{sfn|Inglis|2010|p=15}} "Something" became his first A-side when issued on a [[double A-side]] single with "[[Come Together]]"; the song was number one in Canada, Australia, New Zealand and West Germany,{{sfn|Sullivan|2013|p=563}} and the combined sides topped the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]] chart in the United States.{{sfn|Bronson|1992|p=262}} In the 1970s [[Frank Sinatra]] recorded "Something" twice (1970 and 1979) and later dubbed it "the greatest love song of the past fifty years".{{sfn|Fricke|2002|p=178}} Lennon considered it the best song on ''Abbey Road'', and it became the Beatles' second most covered song after "[[Yesterday (song)|Yesterday]]".<ref>{{harvnb|Spignesi|Lewis|2009|p=97}}: "Something" is the Beatles' second most covered song after "Yesterday"; {{harvnb|Gilmore|2002|p=39}}: Lennon considered "Something" the best song on ''Abbey Road''.</ref>{{refn|group=nb|Harrison received an [[Ivor Novello award]] in July 1970 for "Something", as "The Best Song Musically and Lyrically of the Year".{{sfn|Badman|2001|p=12}}}}
In May 1970, Harrison's song "[[For You Blue]]" was coupled on a US single with McCartney's "[[The Long and Winding Road]]" and became Harrison's second chart-topper when the sides were listed together at number one on the Hot 100.{{sfn|Bronson|1992|p=275}} His increased productivity meant that by the time of [[Break-up of the Beatles|their break-up]] he had amassed a stockpile of unreleased compositions.{{sfn|Howard|2004|pp=36–37}} While Harrison grew as a songwriter, his compositional presence on Beatles albums remained limited to two or three songs, increasing his frustration, and significantly contributing to the band's break-up.{{sfn|George-Warren|2001|p=413}} Harrison's last recording session with the Beatles was on 4 January 1970, when he, McCartney and Starr recorded overdubs to the song "[[Let It Be (song)|Let It Be]]" for the [[Let It Be (album)|soundtrack album of the same name]].{{sfn|Lewisohn|1988|p=195}}

==Solo career: 1968–1987==
===Early solo work: 1968–1969===
[[File:George Harrison 1974 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Harrison in the [[Oval Office]] in 1974]]
Before the Beatles' break-up, Harrison had already recorded and released two solo albums: ''[[Wonderwall Music]]'' and ''[[Electronic Sound]]'', both of which contain mainly instrumental compositions. ''Wonderwall Music'', a soundtrack to the 1968 film ''[[Wonderwall (film)|Wonderwall]]'', blends Indian and Western instrumentation, while ''Electronic Sound'' is an experimental album that prominently features a [[Moog synthesizer]].<ref>{{harvnb|Bogdanov|Woodstra|Erlewine|2002|p=508}}: ''Electronic Sound''; {{harvnb|Lavezzoli|2006|p=182}}: ''Wonderwall Music''.</ref> Released in November 1968, ''Wonderwall Music'' was the first solo album by a Beatle and the first LP released by [[Apple Records]].<ref>{{harvnb|Harry|2003|p=393}}: ''Wonderwall Music'' as first LP released by Apple Records; {{harvnb|Strong|2004|p=481}}: ''Wonderwall Music'' as first solo album released by a Beatle.</ref> Indian musicians [[Aashish Khan]] and [[Shivkumar Sharma]] performed on the album, which contains the experimental [[sound collage]] "[[Dream Scene (song)|Dream Scene]]", recorded several months before Lennon's "[[Revolution 9]]".<ref>{{harvnb|Harry|2003|p=393}}: Khan and Sharma; {{harvnb|Leng|2006|pp=49–50}}: "Dream Scene".</ref>

In December 1969, Harrison participated in a brief tour of Europe with the American group [[Delaney & Bonnie and Friends]].{{sfn|Leng|2006|pp=63–65}} During the tour, which included Clapton, [[Bobby Whitlock]], drummer [[Jim Gordon (musician)|Jim Gordon]] and band leaders [[Delaney Bramlett|Delaney]] and [[Bonnie Bramlett]], Harrison began to play slide guitar, and also began to write "[[My Sweet Lord]]", which became his first single as a solo artist.{{sfn|Leng|2006|pp=64, 67, 84}}

===''All Things Must Pass'': 1970===
{{main|All Things Must Pass}}

For many years, Harrison was restricted in his songwriting contributions to the Beatles' albums, but he released ''All Things Must Pass'', a [[triple album]]{{sfn|Schaffner|1980|p=155}} with two discs of his songs and the third of recordings of Harrison [[Jam session|jamming]] with friends.{{sfn|Howard|2004|pp=36–37}}{{sfn|Bogdanov|Woodstra|Erlewine|2002|p=508}} The album was regarded by many as his best work, and it topped the charts on both sides of the Atlantic.{{sfn|Bogdanov|Woodstra|Erlewine|2002|p=181}}{{sfn|Inglis|2010|pp=xv, 23}}{{refn|group=nb|In July 2006, it was determined that ''All Things Must Pass'' should have been credited as a number one album in the United Kingdom when first released in 1970–71. Because some sales were not properly counted, the album originally peaked at number four in Britain.<ref>{{cite web |title=Number one for Harrison at last |url=https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/whats-on/music/number-one-harrison-last-3516990 |url-status=live |work=Liverpool Echo |date=31 July 2006 |orig-year=Updated 8 May 2013 |access-date=31 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200531151113/https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/whats-on/music/number-one-harrison-last-3516990 |archive-date=31 May 2020}}</ref>}} The number-one [[hit single]] "My Sweet Lord" and the top-ten single "[[What Is Life]]" were taken from the album,{{sfn|Roberts|2005|p=227}} which was co-produced by [[Phil Spector]] using his "[[Wall of Sound]]" approach;{{sfn|Schaffner|1978|p=142}} the musicians included Starr, Clapton, [[Gary Wright]], [[Billy Preston]], [[Klaus Voormann]], the whole of Delaney and Bonnie's Friends band, and the Apple group [[Badfinger]].{{sfn|Howard|2004|pp=36–37}}{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=78}}{{refn|group=nb|Early in the sessions, Clapton, Whitlock, Gordon and [[Carl Radle]] formed the short-lived band [[Derek and the Dominos]].{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=101}}}} On its release, ''All Things Must Pass'' was received with critical acclaim;{{sfn|Frontani|2009|pp=158, 266}} Ben Gerson of ''Rolling Stone'' described it as being "of classic Spectorian proportions, [[Wagnerian]], [[Anton Bruckner|Brucknerian]], the music of mountain tops and vast horizons".<ref name="Gerson">{{cite magazine |last=Gerson |first=Ben |title=George Harrison – All Things Must Pass |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/albumreviews/all-things-must-pass-19710121 |url-status=live |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |date=21 January 1971 |access-date=25 April 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130428064752/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/albumreviews/all-things-must-pass-19710121 |archive-date=28 April 2013}}</ref> Author and [[musicologist]] Ian Inglis considers the lyrics of [[All Things Must Pass (song)|the album's title track]] "a recognition of the impermanence of human existence&nbsp;... a simple and poignant conclusion" to Harrison's former band.{{sfn|Inglis|2010|p=30}} In 1971, Bright Tunes sued Harrison for [[copyright infringement]] over "My Sweet Lord", owing to its similarity to the 1963 [[Chiffons]] hit "[[He's So Fine]]".{{sfn|Doggett|2009|pp=147–148}} When the case was heard in the [[United States district court]] in 1976, he denied deliberately plagiarising the song, but lost the case, as the judge ruled that he had done so subconsciously.{{sfn|Doggett|2009|pp=251–252}}

In 2000, Apple Records released a thirtieth-anniversary edition of the album, and Harrison actively participated in its promotion. In an interview, he reflected on the work: "It's just something that was like my continuation from the Beatles, really. It was me sort of getting out of the Beatles and just going my own way ... it was a very happy occasion."{{sfn|Harry|2003|p=16}} He commented on the production: "Well, in those days it was like the [[Reverb effect|reverb]] was kind of used a bit more than what I would do now. In fact, I don't use reverb at all. I can't stand it ... You know, it's hard to go back to anything thirty years later and expect it to be how you would want it now."{{sfn|Harry|2003|pp=12–13}}

===The Concert for Bangladesh: 1971===
{{main|The Concert for Bangladesh}}

[[File:George Harrison - Bangla Desh.png|thumb|right|upright=0.7|Trade ad for Harrison's "[[Bangla Desh (song)|Bangla Desh]]" single]]
Harrison responded to a request from Ravi Shankar by organising a charity event, the Concert for Bangladesh, which took place on 1 August 1971. The event drew over 40,000 people to two shows in New York's [[Madison Square Garden]].<ref name="ConcertforBangladesh">{{cite web|url=http://www.concertforbangladesh.com/|title=Concert for Bangladesh|publisher=Concert For Bangladesh|access-date=1 January 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121116114838/http://www.concertforbangladesh.com/|archive-date=16 November 2012}}</ref> The goal of the event was to raise money to aid starving refugees during the [[Bangladesh Liberation War]].{{sfn|Harry|2003|pp=132–136}} Shankar opened the show, which featured popular musicians such as Dylan, Clapton, [[Leon Russell]], Badfinger, Preston and Starr.{{sfn|Harry|2003|pp=132–136}}

A triple album, ''[[The Concert for Bangladesh (album)|The Concert for Bangladesh]]'', was released by Apple in December, followed by a [[The Concert for Bangladesh (film)|concert film]] in 1972.{{refn|group=nb|In November 1971 Harrison appeared on ''[[The Dick Cavett Show]]'', performing "Two-Faced Man" with [[Gary Wright]].{{sfn|Rodriguez|2010|pp=319–20}} In his subsequent interview with [[Cavett]], he used the opportunity to complain about Capitol's delay in releasing the live album and seeking a percentage of the funds intended for the Bangladeshi refugees.{{sfn|Tillery|2011|p=100}}}} Credited to "George Harrison and Friends", the album topped the UK chart and peaked at number 2 in the US,<ref name="Dooley/Gibson" /> and went on to win the [[Grammy Award for Album of the Year]].{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|p=194}} Tax troubles and questionable expenses later tied up many of the proceeds, but Harrison commented: "Mainly the concert was to attract attention to the situation ... The money we raised was secondary, and although we had some money problems ... they still got plenty ... even though it was a drop in the ocean. The main thing was, we spread the word and helped get the war ended."<ref>{{harvnb|Doggett|2009|pp=181–206}}; {{harvnb|Harry|2003|pp=132–138}}; {{harvnb|Harry|2003|p=135}}: "Mainly the concert was to attract attention to the situation".</ref>

===''Living in the Material World'' to ''George Harrison'': 1973–1979===
[[File:Musician George Harrison standing before crowd of photographers in Los Angeles, Calif., 1974.jpg|thumb|Harrison standing before a crowd of photographers in Los Angeles, California, in 1974]]
Harrison's 1973 album ''[[Living in the Material World]]'' held the number one spot on the ''Billboard'' albums chart for five weeks, and the album's single, "[[Give Me Love (Give Me Peace on Earth)]]", also reached number one in the US.<ref>{{harvnb|Bronson|1992|p=336}}: Peak US chart position for "Give Me Love (Give Me Peace on Earth)"; {{harvnb|Rosen|1996|p=162}}: US chart data on ''Living in the Material World''.</ref> In the UK, the LP peaked at number two and the single reached number 8.{{sfn|Roberts|2005|p=227}} The album was lavishly produced and packaged, and its dominant message was Harrison's Hindu beliefs.{{sfn|Schaffner|1978|pp=158–159}} In Greene's opinion it "contained many of the strongest compositions of his career".{{sfn|Greene|2006|p=194}} [[Stephen Holden]], writing in ''Rolling Stone'', felt the album was "vastly appealing" and "profoundly seductive", and that it stood "alone as an article of faith, miraculous in its radiance".{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=195}} Other reviewers were less enthusiastic, describing the release as awkward, sanctimonious and overly sentimental.{{sfn|Inglis|2010|p=43}}

In November 1974, Harrison became the first ex-Beatle to tour North America when he began his 45-date [[George Harrison and Ravi Shankar's 1974 North American tour|Dark Horse Tour]].{{sfn|Leng|2006|pp=166, 195}} The shows included guest spots by his band members Billy Preston and [[Tom Scott (saxophonist)|Tom Scott]], and traditional and contemporary Indian music performed by "Ravi Shankar, Family and Friends".<ref>{{harvnb|Inglis|2010|pp=48–49}}; {{harvnb|Leng|2006|p=167}}.</ref> Despite numerous positive reviews, the consensus reaction to the tour was negative.<ref>{{harvnb|Doggett|2009|pp=224–228}}; {{harvnb|Greene|2006|p=213}}; {{harvnb|Huntley|2006|p=115}}; {{harvnb|Inglis|2010|p=49}}; {{harvnb|Leng|2006|p=162}}: "an excellent show"; {{harvnb|Tillery|2011|pp=114–115}}.</ref> Some fans found Shankar's significant presence to be a bizarre disappointment, and many were affronted by what Inglis described as Harrison's "sermonizing".{{sfn|Inglis|2010|p=49}} Further, he reworked the lyrics to several Beatles songs,{{sfn|Inglis|2010|p=49}} and his [[laryngitis]]-affected vocals led to some critics calling the tour "dark hoarse".<ref>{{harvnb|Greene|2006|pp=213–214}}; {{harvnb|Doggett|2009|pp=224–226}}.</ref> The author Robert Rodriguez commented: "While the Dark Horse tour might be considered a noble failure, there were a number of fans who were tuned-in to what was being attempted. They went away ecstatic, conscious that they had just witnessed something so uplifting that it could never be repeated."{{sfn|Rodriguez|2010|p=258}} Simon Leng called the tour "groundbreaking" and "revolutionary in its presentation of Indian Music".{{sfn|Leng|2006|pp=173, 177}}

On 16 November 1974, Harrison and several others involved in the tour visited the White House. They were invited by President [[Gerald Ford]]'s son, Jack.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Phifer |first1=Evan |title=An Ex-Beatle at the White House |url=https://www.whitehousehistory.org/an-ex-beatle-at-the-white-house |website=The White House Historical Association |access-date=25 January 2024}}</ref>

In December, Harrison released ''[[Dark Horse (George Harrison album)|Dark Horse]]'', which was an album that earned him the least favourable reviews of his career.{{sfn|Greene|2006|p=213}} ''Rolling Stone'' called it "the chronicle of a performer out of his element, working to a deadline, enfeebling his overtaxed talents by a rush to deliver a new 'LP product', rehearse a band, and assemble a cross-country tour, all within three weeks".{{sfn|Huntley|2006|p=114}} The album reached number 4 on the ''Billboard'' chart and the single "[[Dark Horse (George Harrison song)|Dark Horse]]" reached number 15, but they failed to make an impact in the UK.<ref>{{harvnb|Greene|2006|p=213}}: failed to reach the UK top 30; {{harvnb|Harry|2003|pp=142–143}}: Peak US chart positions, failure to impact UK charts.</ref>{{refn|group=nb|In December 1974 the single, "[[Ding Dong, Ding Dong]]", reached number 38 in the UK.{{sfn|Roberts|2005|p=227}}}} The music critic [[Mikal Gilmore]] described ''Dark Horse'' as "one of Harrison's most fascinating works – a record about change and loss".{{sfn|Gilmore|2002|p=46}}

[[File:GeorgeHarrison1977.jpg|thumb|right|Harrison leaving the Hilton Hotel in Amsterdam, and signing an album for a fan, February 1977]]
Harrison's final studio album for EMI and Apple Records, the [[soul music]]-inspired ''[[Extra Texture (Read All About It)]]'' (1975),{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=180}} peaked at number 8 on the ''Billboard'' chart and number 16 in the UK.{{sfn|Huntley|2006|p=129}} Harrison considered it the least satisfactory of the three albums he had recorded since ''All Things Must Pass''.{{sfn|Inglis|2010|pp=54–55}} Leng identified "bitterness and dismay" in many of the tracks; his long-time friend Klaus Voormann commented: "He wasn't up for it ... It was a terrible time because I think there was a lot of cocaine going around, and that's when I got out of the picture&nbsp;... I didn't like his frame of mind".{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=179}} He released two singles from the LP: "[[You (George Harrison song)|You]]", which reached the ''Billboard'' top 20, and "[[This Guitar (Can't Keep from Crying)]]", Apple's final original single release.{{sfn|Schaffner|1978|pp=209–210}}

''[[Thirty Three & 1/3]]'' (1976), Harrison's first album release on his own Dark Horse Records label, produced the hit singles "[[This Song]]" and "[[Crackerbox Palace]]", both of which reached the top 25 in the US.{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=187}}{{refn|group=nb|Released during the same month, ''[[The Best of George Harrison]]'' combined several of his Beatles songs with a selection of his solo Apple work.{{sfn|Harry|2003|pp=28–29}} After Harrison's departure from the label, Capitol was able to license releases featuring Beatles and post-Beatles work on the same album.{{sfn|Schaffner|1978|p=188}}}} The [[surreal humour]] of "Crackerbox Palace" reflected Harrison's association with [[Monty Python]]'s [[Eric Idle]], who directed a comical music video for the song.{{sfn|Schaffner|1978|p=192}} With an emphasis on melody and musicianship, and a more subtle subject matter than the pious message of his earlier works, ''Thirty Three & 1/3'' earned Harrison his most favourable critical notices in the US since ''All Things Must Pass''.{{sfn|Schaffner|1978|p=192}} The album peaked just outside the top ten there, but outsold his previous two LPs.{{sfn|Schaffner|1978|pp=192, 195}}{{sfn|Woffinden|1981|pp=103–04}} As part of his promotion for the release, Harrison performed on ''[[Saturday Night Live]]'' with [[Paul Simon]].{{sfn|Glazer|1977|p=41}}

In 1979, Harrison released ''[[George Harrison (album)|George Harrison]]'', which followed his second marriage and the birth of his son [[Dhani Harrison|Dhani]].{{sfn|Rodriguez|2010|p=175}} Co-produced by [[Russ Titelman]],{{sfn|Huntley|2006|p=164}} the album and the single "[[Blow Away]]" both made the ''Billboard'' top 20.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/george-harrison-mw0000674876/awards|title=George Harrison – George Harrison|access-date=31 December 2012|website=AllMusic|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120922083927/http://www.allmusic.com/album/george-harrison-mw0000674876/awards|archive-date=22 September 2012}}</ref> The album marked the beginning of Harrison's gradual retreat from the music business, with several of the songs having been written in the tranquil setting of [[Maui]] in the [[Hawaiian archipelago]].{{sfn|Clayson|2003|pp=367–68}} Leng described ''George Harrison'' as "melodic and lush ... peaceful ... the work of a man who had lived the rock and roll dream twice over and was now embracing domestic as well as spiritual bliss".{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=210}}

===''Somewhere in England'' to ''Cloud Nine'': 1980–1987===
The [[murder of John Lennon]] on 8 December 1980 disturbed Harrison and reinforced his decades-long concern about [[stalkers]].{{sfn|Harry|2003|p=247}} The tragedy was also a deep personal loss, although Harrison and Lennon had little contact in the years before Lennon was killed.{{sfn|Doggett|2009|pp=9–10}}{{refn|group=nb|Their estrangement had been marked by Harrison's longstanding dislike of Lennon's wife [[Yoko Ono]], his refusal to allow her to participate in the Concert for Bangladesh, and, during the last year of Lennon's life, by Harrison's scant mention of Lennon in his autobiography, ''[[I, Me, Mine]]''.{{sfn|Harry|2003|p=246}}}} Following the murder, Harrison commented: "After all we went through together I had and still have great love and respect for John Lennon. I am shocked and stunned."{{sfn|Harry|2003|p=247}} Harrison modified the lyrics of a song he had written for Starr to make the song a tribute to Lennon.{{sfn|Doggett|2009|p=273}} "[[All Those Years Ago]]", which included vocal contributions from Paul and Linda McCartney, as well as Starr's original drum part, peaked at number two in the US charts.{{sfn|George-Warren|2001|p=414}}{{sfn|Harry|2003|pp=17–18}} The single was included on the album ''[[Somewhere in England]]'' in 1981.{{sfn|Harry|2003|pp=17–18, 349–350, 367}}

Harrison did not release any new albums for five years after 1982's ''[[Gone Troppo]]'' received little notice from critics or the public.<ref>{{harvnb|Inglis|2010|p=84}}; {{harvnb|Leng|2006|pp=212, 236}}.</ref> During this period he made several [[guest appearance]]s, including a 1985 performance at a tribute to [[Carl Perkins]] titled ''[[Blue Suede Shoes: A Rockabilly Session]]''.{{sfn|Doggett|2009|p=287}}{{refn|group=nb|Harrison's set included "[[That's Alright Mama]]", "[[Glad All Over]]" and "[[Blue Suede Shoes]]".{{sfn|Badman|2001|pp=259–260}}}} In March 1986 he made a surprise appearance during the finale of the [[Heart Beat 86|Birmingham Heart Beat Charity Concert]], an event organised to raise money for the [[Heart Beat 86|Birmingham Children's Hospital]].{{sfn|Badman|2001|p=368}} The following year, he appeared at [[The Prince's Trust]] concert at London's [[Wembley Arena]], performing "While My Guitar Gently Weeps" and "Here Comes the Sun".{{sfn|Huntley|2006|pp=202–203}} 
[[File:Harrison_and_Clapton_(clip).jpg|thumb|Harrison and Eric Clapton during the 1987 [[The Prince's Trust]] concert]]
Prior, in February 1987, he joined Dylan, [[John Fogerty]] and [[Jesse Ed Davis]] on stage for a two-hour performance with the blues musician [[Taj Mahal (musician)|Taj Mahal]].{{sfn|Badman|2001|p=386}} Harrison recalled: "Bob rang me up and asked if I wanted to come out for the evening and see Taj Mahal&nbsp;... So we went there and had a few of these Mexican beers – and had a few more&nbsp;... Bob says, 'Hey, why don't we all get up and play, and you can sing?' But every time I got near the microphone, Dylan comes up and just starts singing this rubbish in my ear, trying to throw me."{{sfn|Harry|2003|p=92}}

In November 1987, Harrison released the platinum album ''[[Cloud Nine (George Harrison album)|Cloud Nine]]''.{{sfn|Leng|2006|pp=251–253}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&se=cloud+nine#search_section|title=RIAA – Gold & Platinum Searchable Database|access-date=31 December 2012|publisher=[[Recording Industry Association of America]] (RIAA)}}</ref> Co-produced with [[Jeff Lynne]] of [[Electric Light Orchestra]] (ELO), the album included Harrison's rendition of [[James Ray (singer)|James Ray]]'s "[[Got My Mind Set on You]]", which went to number one in the US and number two in the UK.<ref name="Cloud9Awards">{{cite web|url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/cloud-nine-mw0000193612/awards|title=Cloud Nine – George Harrison : Awards|website=AllMusic|access-date=1 January 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130210095524/http://www.allmusic.com/album/cloud-nine-mw0000193612/awards|archive-date=10 February 2013}}</ref><ref name="UKSingles" /> The accompanying music video received substantial airplay,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allmusic.com/song/got-my-mind-set-on-you-mt0011895188|title=Got My Mind Set on You|last=Planer|first=Lindsay|access-date=1 January 2013|website=AllMusic|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121129061539/http://www.allmusic.com/song/got-my-mind-set-on-you-mt0011895188|archive-date=29 November 2012}}</ref> and another single, "[[When We Was Fab]]", a retrospective of the Beatles' career, earned two [[MTV Music Video Award]]s nominations in 1988.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1988-07-14-ca-8830-story.html|title=Pop/rock|last=Voland|first=John|date=14 July 1988|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|access-date=2 January 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130210003715/http://articles.latimes.com/1988-07-14/entertainment/ca-8830_1_mtv-music-video-awards-nominations|archive-date=10 February 2013}}</ref> Recorded at his estate in Friar Park, Harrison's slide guitar playing featured prominently on the album, which included several of his long-time musical collaborators, including Clapton, [[Jim Keltner]] and [[Jim Horn]].{{sfn|Leng|2006|pp=246–247}} ''Cloud Nine'' reached number eight and number ten on the US and UK charts respectively, and several tracks from the album achieved placement on ''Billboard''{{'}}s [[Mainstream Rock (chart)|Mainstream Rock]] chart – "[[Devil's Radio]]", "[[This Is Love (George Harrison song)|This Is Love]]" and "[[Cloud 9 (George Harrison song)|Cloud 9]]".<ref name="Cloud9Awards"/>

==Later career: 1988–1996==
===The Traveling Wilburys and return to touring: 1988–1992===
{{Main|Traveling Wilburys}}

In 1988, Harrison formed the Traveling Wilburys with Jeff Lynne, [[Roy Orbison]], Bob Dylan and Tom Petty. The band had gathered in Dylan's garage to record a song for a Harrison European single release.<ref>{{harvnb|Doggett|2009|pp=294–295}}; {{harvnb|Williams|2004|pp=129–138}}.</ref> Harrison's record company decided the track, "[[Handle with Care (song)|Handle with Care]]", was too good for its original purpose as a B-side and asked for a full album. The LP, ''[[Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1]]'', was released in October 1988 and recorded under pseudonyms as half-brothers, supposed sons of Charles Truscott Wilbury Sr.<ref>{{harvnb|Greene|2006|p=240}}; {{harvnb|Tillery|2011|p=133}}.</ref> It reached number 16 in the UK and number 3 in the US, where it was certified [[RIAA certification|triple platinum]].<ref name="RIAA G&P">{{cite web|url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&se=traveling+wilburys#search_section|title=RIAA – Gold & Platinum Searchable Database|access-date=1 January 2013|publisher=Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA)}}</ref> Harrison's pseudonym on the album was "Nelson Wilbury"; he used the name "Spike Wilbury" for their second album.{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=267}}

In 1989, Harrison and Starr appeared in the music video for Petty's song "[[I Won't Back Down]]".{{sfn|Harry|2003|p=98}} In October that year, Harrison assembled and released ''[[Best of Dark Horse 1976–1989]]'', a compilation of his later solo work.{{sfn|Harry|2003|pp=28, 98}} The album included three new songs, including "[[Cheer Down]]", which Harrison had recently contributed to the ''[[Lethal Weapon 2]]'' film soundtrack.{{sfn|Harry|2003|pp=28, 98–99}}

Following Orbison's death in December 1988, the Wilburys recorded as a four-piece.{{sfn|Harry|2003|p=379}} Their second album, issued in October 1990, was mischievously titled ''[[Traveling Wilburys Vol. 3]]''. According to Lynne, "That was George's idea. He said, 'Let's confuse the buggers.{{'"}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/life/music/news/2007-06-10-traveling-wilburys_N.htm|last=Hurwitz|first=Matt|title=Wilburys set to travel again|work=[[USA Today]]|date=11 June 2007|access-date=2 January 2013|archive-date=8 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308182542/http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/life/music/news/2007-06-10-traveling-wilburys_N.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> It peaked at number 14 in the UK and number 11 in the US, where it was certified platinum.<ref name="RIAA G&P" /> The Wilburys never performed live, and the group did not record together again following the release of their second album.<ref>{{harvnb|Doggett|2009|p=295}}: the Wilburys never performed live; {{harvnb|Harry|2003|p=381}}: the Wilburys did not record together again following the release of their second album.</ref>

In December 1991, Harrison joined Clapton for a [[George Harrison–Eric Clapton 1991 Japanese Tour|tour of Japan]].{{sfn|Harry|2003|pp=374–375}} It was Harrison's first since 1974 and no others followed.{{sfn|Harry|2003|pp=374–378}}{{refn|group=nb|In 1992, Dark Horse Records released an album of recorded material from the shows titled ''[[Live in Japan (George Harrison album)|Live in Japan]]''.{{sfn|Harry|2003|pp=250–252}}}} On 6 April 1992, Harrison held a benefit concert for the [[Natural Law Party]] at the [[Royal Albert Hall]], his first London performance since [[The Beatles' rooftop concert|the Beatles' 1969 rooftop concert]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/george-harrison-729550.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081205113653/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/george-harrison-729550.html|archive-date=5 December 2008|title=George Harrison|work=[[The Independent]]|last=Welch|first=Chris|date=1 December 2001|url-status=dead|access-date=29 December 2012}}</ref> In October 1992, he performed at a Bob Dylan tribute concert at [[Madison Square Garden]] in New York City, playing alongside Dylan, Clapton, McGuinn, Petty and [[Neil Young]].<ref>{{harvnb|Harry|2003|p=150}}; {{harvnb|Leng|2006|pp=273–274}}.</ref>

===''The Beatles Anthology'': 1994–1996===
{{Main|The Beatles Anthology}}

In 1994, Harrison began a collaboration with McCartney, Starr and producer Jeff Lynne for the ''Beatles Anthology'' project. This included the recording of two new Beatles songs built around solo vocal and piano tapes recorded by Lennon as well as lengthy interviews about the Beatles' career.{{sfn|Everett|1999|p=286}} Released in December 1995, "[[Free as a Bird]]" was the first new Beatles single since 1970.<ref>{{harvnb|Harry|2000|p=428}}; {{harvnb|Everett|1999|pp=287–292}}.</ref> In March 1996, they released a second single, "[[Real Love (Beatles song)|Real Love]]". They also attempted to finish a third single, "[[Now and Then (Beatles song)|Now and Then]]", but did not finish it because the audio quality of the cassette was, according to Harrison, "fucking rubbish". The song was later finished by McCartney and Starr and released in 2023. Harrison later commented on the project: "I hope somebody does this to all my crap demos when I'm dead, make them into hit songs."{{sfn|Huntley|2006|p=259}}

==Later life and death: 1997–2001==
After the ''Anthology'' project, Harrison collaborated with Ravi Shankar on the latter's ''[[Chants of India]]''. Harrison's final television appearance was a [[VH-1]] special to promote the album, taped in May 1997.{{sfn|Badman|2001|p=568}} Soon afterwards, Harrison was diagnosed with [[throat cancer]];{{sfn|Greene|2006|p=260}} he was treated with [[radiotherapy]], which was thought at the time to be successful.<ref name=NYTimes1299>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/12/31/world/george-harrison-stabbed-in-chest-by-an-intruder.html|title=George Harrison Stabbed in Chest by an Intruder|date=31 December 1999|newspaper=The New York Times|first=Sarah|last=Lyall|access-date=22 February 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100704054829/http://www.nytimes.com/1999/12/31/world/george-harrison-stabbed-in-chest-by-an-intruder.html|archive-date=4 July 2010}}</ref> He publicly blamed years of smoking for the illness.<ref>{{Cite news|url = https://www.independent.co.uk/news/george-harrison-tells-of-battle-with-cancer-1168375.html|title = George Harrison tells of battle with cancer|work = [[The Independent]]|access-date = 28 May 2018|first = Vanessa|last = Thorpe|date = 28 June 1998|archive-date = 28 May 2018|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180528142233/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/george-harrison-tells-of-battle-with-cancer-1168375.html|url-status = live}}</ref>

In January 1998, Harrison attended [[Carl Perkins]]' funeral in [[Jackson, Tennessee]], where he performed a brief rendition of Perkins' song "[[Your True Love]]".{{sfn|Badman|2001|p=586}} In May, he represented the Beatles at London's High Court in their successful bid to gain control of unauthorised recordings made of a 1962 performance by the band at the [[Star-Club]] in Hamburg.{{sfn|Clayson|2003|p=444}}{{sfn|Doggett|2009|pp=326–27}} The following year, he was the most active of the former Beatles in promoting the reissue of their 1968 animated film ''[[Yellow Submarine (film)|Yellow Submarine]]''.{{sfn|Clayson|2003|p=444}}{{sfn|Huntley|2006|p=279}}

=== Attack at Friar Park: 1999 ===
{{Main|Stabbing of George Harrison}}

[[File:Lodge at Friar Park - geograph.org.uk - 1588804.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.3|The entrance and gatehouse at Harrison's [[Friar Park]] estate in [[Henley-on-Thames]]. In December 1999, he and his wife [[Olivia Harrison|Olivia]] were the victims of a knife attack by an intruder.]]

On 30 December 1999, Harrison and his wife Olivia were attacked at their home, [[Friar Park]]. The perpetrator was a 34-year-old man, Michael Abram, who was later diagnosed with [[schizophrenia]].<ref>{{Cite news |author=Steven Morris|date=16 November 2000 |title=Schizophrenic knifeman whose illness was dismissed as side-effect of drug taking |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2000/nov/16/stevenmorris |access-date=23 January 2025 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Abram broke in and attacked Harrison with a kitchen knife, puncturing a lung and causing head injuries before he was incapacitated by Harrison's wife, who struck him repeatedly with a [[Fire iron#Types of fire irons|fireplace poker]] and a lamp.<ref name=NYTimes1299 />{{sfn|Idle|2005|pp=277–278}} Harrison later commented, "I felt exhausted and could feel the strength draining from me. I vividly remember a deliberate thrust to my chest. I could hear my lung exhaling and had blood in my mouth. I believed I had been fatally stabbed".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Morris |first=Steven |date=November 14, 2000 |title=The night George Harrison thought he was dying |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2000/nov/15/stevenmorris |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130033705/https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2000/nov/15/stevenmorris |archive-date=November 30, 2024 |access-date=August 13, 2025 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> 

Following the attack, Harrison was hospitalised with more than 40 stab wounds, and part of his punctured lung was removed.{{sfn|Doggett|2009|pp=328–29}} He released a statement soon afterwards regarding his assailant: "He wasn't a burglar, and he certainly wasn't auditioning for the Traveling Wilburys. [[Adi Shankara]], an Indian historical, spiritual and groovy-type person, once said, 'Life is fragile like a raindrop on a lotus leaf.' And you'd better believe it."{{sfn|Greene|2006|p=266}}{{refn|group=nb|Abram, who believed he was [[demonic possession|possessed]] by Harrison and that he was on a mission from God to kill him,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/1024930.stm|title=Beatle's attacker says sorry|date=16 November 2000|access-date=31 December 2012|work=BBC News|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120103063715/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/1024930.stm|archive-date=3 January 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2000/nov/15/stevenmorris|title=The night George Harrison thought he was dying|last=Morris|first=Steve|newspaper=The Guardian|date=14 November 2000|access-date=31 December 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023073438/http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2000/nov/15/stevenmorris|archive-date=23 October 2013}}</ref> was later acquitted of [[attempted murder]] on [[Insanity defense|grounds of insanity]] and was detained for treatment in a secure mental hospital. He was released in 2002.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/2096082.stm|title=Freed Beatle's attacker sorry|work=BBC News|access-date=13 December 2008|date=5 July 2002|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090508233534/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/2096082.stm|archive-date=8 May 2009}}</ref>}} 

Upon being released from a psychiatric institution in 2002, Abram said: "If I could turn back the clock, I would give anything not to have done what I did in attacking George Harrison, but looking back on it now, I have come to understand that I was at the time not in control of my actions. I can only hope the Harrison family might somehow find it in their hearts to accept my apologies."<ref>{{Cite web|first=Helen|last=Carter|url=http://www.theguardian.com/society/2002/jul/05/hospitals.mentalhealth|title=George Harrison's attacker released from hospital|date=5 July 2002|website=[[The Guardian]]|access-date=13 August 2021|archive-date=27 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220827173654/https://www.theguardian.com/society/2002/jul/05/hospitals.mentalhealth|url-status=live}}</ref>

The injuries inflicted on Harrison during the home invasion were downplayed by his family in their comments to the press. Having seen Harrison looking so healthy beforehand, those in his social circle believed that the attack brought about a change in him and was the cause for his cancer's return.{{sfn|Doggett|2009|pp=328–29}}

=== Death: 2001 ===
In May 2001, it was announced that Harrison had undergone an operation to remove a cancerous growth from one lung.<ref>{{cite news|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100709050511/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/george-harrison-undergoes-surgery-for-cancer-683674.html|archive-date=9 July 2010|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/george-harrison-undergoes-surgery-for-cancer-683674.html |title=George Harrison undergoes surgery for cancer|date=4 May 2001|newspaper=The Independent|access-date=29 December 2012|last=Jury|url-status=dead|first=Louise}}</ref> In July 2001, it was reported that he was being treated for a [[brain tumour]] at a clinic in Switzerland.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1333302/George-Harrison-being-treated-in-cancer-clinic.html |title=George Harrison being treated in cancer clinic|newspaper=The Daily Telegraph|date=9 July 2001|access-date=27 December 2008|first1=Fiona|last1=Fleck|first2=Sandra|last2=Laville|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080524042854/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1333302/George-Harrison-being-treated-in-cancer-clinic.html|archive-date=24 May 2008}}</ref> Starr visited him but had to cut short his stay to travel to Boston, where his daughter was undergoing emergency brain surgery. Harrison, who was very weak, quipped: "Do you want me to come with you?"<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Thorpe|first1=Vanessa|last2=Dowell|first2=Ben|title=George Harrison and his women – Martin Scorsese's new documentary reveals the candid truth|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2011/sep/04/beatles-george-harrison-martin-scorsese|newspaper=The Guardian|date=3 September 2011|access-date=22 January 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131228210338/http://www.theguardian.com/music/2011/sep/04/beatles-george-harrison-martin-scorsese|archive-date=28 December 2013}}</ref> In November 2001, he began radiotherapy at [[Staten Island University Hospital]] in New York City for [[lung cancer|non–small cell lung cancer]] that had [[metastasis|spread]] to his brain.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Health/story?id=117128&page=1|last=Carpenter|first=Jeff|title=George Harrison Receives Radiation Treatment|date=9 November 2001|work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]|access-date=2 April 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604101323/https://abcnews.go.com/Health/story?id=117128&page=1|archive-date=4 June 2011}}</ref> When the news was made public, Harrison bemoaned his physician's breach of privacy, and his estate later claimed damages.{{refn|group=nb|Harrison's estate complained that during a round of experimental radiotherapy at Staten Island University Hospital, the [[oncologist]] Dr Gilbert Lederman repeatedly revealed Harrison's confidential medical information during television interviews and forced him to autograph a guitar.{{sfn|Doggett|2009|pp=330–331}}<ref>[http://news.findlaw.com/hdocs/docs/beatles/ghldrmn10604cmp.pdf Civil Action CV040033 (NGG)] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170918034406/http://news.findlaw.com/hdocs/docs/beatles/ghldrmn10604cmp.pdf|date=18 September 2017}} (PDF), Complaint, United States District Court, Eastern District of New York, The Estate of George Harrison v Gilbert Lederman. The allegations about the autograph appear on page 10 of the Complaint.</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://nymag.com/nymetro/health/features/10817/|title=The Doctor Can't Help Himself|newspaper=[[New York (magazine)|New York]]|date=21 May 2005|access-date=31 May 2010|last=Goldman|first=Andrew|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090820070223/http://nymag.com/nymetro/health/features/10817|archive-date=20 August 2009}}</ref>{{sfn|Doggett|2009|p=331}} The suit was ultimately [[settled out of court]] under the condition that the guitar be "disposed of".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/01/17/nyregion/harrison-estate-settles-suit-over-guitar-autographed-by-dying-beatle.html|title=Harrison Estate Settles Suit Over Guitar Autographed by Dying Beatle|newspaper=The New York Times|date=17 January 2004|access-date=31 May 2010|last=Glaberson|first=William|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130505121639/http://www.nytimes.com/2004/01/17/nyregion/harrison-estate-settles-suit-over-guitar-autographed-by-dying-beatle.html|archive-date=5 May 2013}}</ref>}}

On 29 November 2001, Harrison died at a property belonging to McCartney, on Heather Road in Los Angeles, California.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Fleming|first=E.J.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hi-SCgAAQBAJ&dq=george+harrison+died+heather&pg=PA125|title=Hollywood Death and Scandal Sites|publisher=McFarland|year=2015|isbn=978-0786496440|pages=125|access-date=8 December 2021|archive-date=22 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422080817/https://books.google.com/books?id=hi-SCgAAQBAJ&dq=george+harrison+died+heather&pg=PA125|url-status=live}}</ref> He was 58 years old.<ref>{{harvnb|Harry|2003|p=119}}: Harrison's date of death</ref>{{sfn|Norman|2017|p=733}} He died in the company of Olivia, Dhani, Shankar, Shankar's wife Sukanya and daughter [[Anoushka Shankar|Anoushka]], and Hare Krishna devotees Shyamasundar Das and [[Mukunda Goswami]], who chanted verses from the ''[[Bhagavad Gita]]''.{{sfn|Tillery|2011|p=148}} His final message to the world, as relayed in a statement by Olivia and Dhani, was: "Everything else can wait, but the search for God cannot wait, and love one another."{{sfn|Kahn|2020|p=543}}{{refn|group=nb|Another of his last messages was to actor and comedian [[Mike Myers]] on the set of ''[[Austin Powers in Goldmember]]''. Harrison thanked Myers for the [[Austin Powers|''Austin Powers'' films]] and said that he had searched throughout Europe before finding his bedside companion, a [[Dr. Evil]] doll.{{sfn|Kahn|2020|pp=542–43}}}} Eric Idle, who was close to Harrison, was present at his deathbed and said that Harrison was not frightened of death, and thought he would escape rebirth.<ref name=shoard>{{cite news| last=Shoard | first=Catherine | title='I'd be proud to be thrown out of America!' Eric Idle on Trump, life after Python and not talking before lunch (question-and-answer session)|newspaper=The Guardian | date=11 July 2025 | url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2025/jul/11/id-be-proud-to-be-thrown-out-of-america-eric-idle-on-trump-life-after-python-and-not-talking-before-lunch }}</ref>

Harrison's body was [[cremated]] at [[Hollywood Forever Cemetery]], and his funeral was held at the [[Self-Realization Fellowship Lake Shrine]] in [[Pacific Palisades, California]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Inner-peace movement: ''Many in L.A. turn to Eastern spiritualism to be 'interior designers' of their minds. It's a tonic for frenzied lives''|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2004/mar/25/news/wk-cover25/2|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|last=O'Connor|first=Anne-Marie|date=25 March 2004|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305212746/http://articles.latimes.com/2004/mar/25/news/wk-cover25/2|archive-date=5 March 2016|access-date=2 November 2015}}</ref> Idle, considering that "a lot of being funny is the lack of a censor mechanism", said at Harrison's funeral: "I'd like to thank [[Marlboro]], without whom you wouldn't be here this morning", to a huge laugh. Idle said "it's really not the right thing to say, but also, let's name the names of people responsible".<ref name=shoard/> Harrison's close family scattered his ashes according to [[Ganga in Hinduism|Hindu tradition]] in a private ceremony in the [[Ganges]] and [[Yamuna]] rivers near [[Varanasi]], India.<ref>{{harvnb|Lavezzoli|2006|p=198}}; {{harvnb|Doggett|2009|p=332}}</ref> He left almost £100&nbsp;million in his will.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/2525443.stm|title=Harrison leaves £99m will|quote=Harrison left £99,226,700, reduced to £98,916,400 after expenses, a High Court spokeswoman confirmed.|work=BBC News|date=29 November 2002|access-date=19 September 2009|archive-date=22 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422080751/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/2525443.stm|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Final studio album and singles: 2002–2004 ===
Harrison's final studio album, ''[[Brainwashed (George Harrison album)|Brainwashed]]'' (2002), was released posthumously after it was completed by his son Dhani and Jeff Lynne.<ref>{{harvnb|Inglis|2010|p=118}}; {{harvnb|Leng|2006|p=293}}.</ref> A quotation from the ''Bhagavad Gita'' is included in the liner notes: "There never was a time when you or I did not exist. Nor will there be any future when we shall cease to be."{{sfn|Inglis|2010|p=118}} A media-only single, "[[Stuck Inside a Cloud]]", which Leng describes as "a uniquely candid reaction to illness and mortality", reached number 27 on ''Billboard''{{'}}s Adult Contemporary chart.{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=300}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/brainwashed-mw0000230837/awards|title=Brainwashed – George Harrison: Awards|website=AllMusic|access-date=31 December 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130211040211/http://www.allmusic.com/album/brainwashed-mw0000230837/awards|archive-date=11 February 2013}}</ref> The single "[[Any Road]]", released in May 2003, reached number 37 on the [[UK singles chart]].<ref name="UKSingles">{{cite web|url=http://www.officialcharts.com/artist/_/george%20harrison|title=George Harrison|publisher=[[Official Charts Company]]|access-date=31 December 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130104100242/http://www.officialcharts.com/artist/_/george%20harrison|archive-date=4 January 2013}}</ref> "[[Marwa Blues]]" received the [[2004 Grammy Award]] for [[Best Pop Instrumental Performance]], while "Any Road" was nominated for [[Best Male Pop Vocal Performance]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/ref/arts/music/08grammy-list.html|title=Grammy Award Winners|work=The New York Times|access-date=24 December 2008|date=16 January 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090211113211/http://www.nytimes.com/ref/arts/music/08grammy-list.html|archive-date=11 February 2009}}</ref>

==Musicianship==
===Guitar work===
[[File:Harrison - guitare.jpg|thumb|left|Harrison's burgundy Les Paul]]
Harrison's guitar work with the Beatles was varied and flexible. Although not fast or flashy, his lead guitar playing was solid and typified the more subdued lead guitar style of the early 1960s. His rhythm guitar playing was innovative; for example, he used a [[Capo (musical device)|capo]] to shorten the strings on an acoustic guitar, as on the ''[[Rubber Soul]]'' (1965) album and "[[Here Comes the Sun]]", to create a bright, sweet sound.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.acousticguitar.com/issues/ag122/feature122.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071010121901/http://www.acousticguitar.com/issues/ag122/feature122.html
|title=The Unsung Beatle: George Harrison's behind-the-scenes contributions to the world's greatest band|first=David|last=Simons|date=February 2003|magazine=[[Acoustic Guitar (magazine)|Acoustic Guitar]]|page=60 |archive-date=10 October 2007|access-date=11 December 2015}}</ref>{{sfn|Womack|Davis|2012|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=_8Ob1bL_ongC&pg=PA80 80]}} Eric Clapton felt that Harrison was "clearly an innovator" as he was "taking certain elements of R&B and rock and rockabilly and creating something unique".{{sfn|Harrison|2011|p=194}} ''Rolling Stone'' founder [[Jann Wenner]] described Harrison as "a guitarist who was never showy but who had an innate, eloquent melodic sense. He played exquisitely in the service of the song".{{sfn|Harrison|2002|p=15}} The [[guitar picking]] style of [[Chet Atkins]] and Carl Perkins influenced Harrison, giving a [[country music]] feel to many Beatles recordings.{{sfn|Kitts|2002|p=17}} [[Chuck Berry]] was another early influence.<ref>{{harvnb|Harry|2003|pp=294–95}}: Perkins; {{harvnb|Harry|2000|pp=140–41}}: Berry.</ref>

In 1961, the Beatles recorded "[[Cry for a Shadow]]", a blues-inspired instrumental co-written by Lennon and Harrison, who is credited with composing the song's lead guitar part, building on unusual chord voicings and imitating the style of other English groups such as [[the Shadows]].{{sfn|Leng|2006|pp=4–5}} Harrison's liberal use of the [[diatonic scale]] in his guitar playing reveals the influence of [[Buddy Holly]], and his interest in Berry inspired him to compose songs based on the [[blues scale]] while incorporating a [[rockabilly]] feel in the style of Perkins.{{sfn|Everett|1999|p=13}}{{refn|group=nb|Within this framework he often used [[syncopation]], as during his guitar solos for the Beatles' covers of Berry's "[[Roll Over Beethoven]]" and "[[Too Much Monkey Business]]".{{sfn|Everett|2001|pp=62–63, 136}}}} Another of Harrison's musical techniques was the use of guitar lines written in [[octave]]s, as on "[[I'll Be on My Way]]".{{sfn|Everett|2001|pp=134–135}}

By 1964, he had begun to develop a distinctive personal style as a guitarist, writing parts that featured the use of nonresolving tones, as with the ending chord arpeggios on "[[A Hard Day's Night (song)|A Hard Day's Night]]".{{sfn|Everett|1999|p=13}} On this and other songs from the period, he used a [[Rickenbacker 360/12]] – an electric guitar with twelve strings, the low eight of which are tuned in pairs, one octave apart, with the higher four being pairs tuned in unison.{{sfn|Everett|2001|pp=134–135}} His use of the Rickenbacker on ''[[A Hard Day's Night (album)|A Hard Day's Night]]'' helped to popularise the model, and the jangly sound became so prominent that ''[[Melody Maker]]'' termed it the Beatles' "secret weapon".<ref>{{harvnb|Babiuk|2002|p=120}}: "secret weapon"; {{harvnb|Leng|2006|p=14}}: Harrison helped to popularise the model.</ref>{{refn|group=nb|[[Roger McGuinn]] liked the effect so much that it became his signature guitar sound with the Byrds.{{sfn|Doggett|Hodgson|2004|p=82}}}} In 1965, Harrison used an [[Expression pedal#Guitars and digital effects|expression pedal]] to control his guitar's volume on "[[I Need You (The Beatles song)|I Need You]]", creating a syncopated [[flautando]] effect with the melody resolving its [[Consonance and dissonance#Dissonance|dissonance]] through tonal displacements.{{sfn|Everett|2001|pp=284–285}} He used the same volume-swell technique on "[[Yes It Is]]", applying what Everett described as "ghostly articulation" to the song's [[Harmonic|natural harmonics]].{{sfn|Everett|1999|p=13}}

In 1966, Harrison contributed innovative musical ideas to ''Revolver''. He played [[Backmasking|backwards]] guitar on Lennon's composition "[[I'm Only Sleeping]]" and a guitar [[counter-melody]] on "[[And Your Bird Can Sing]]" that moved in parallel octaves above McCartney's bass downbeats.{{sfn|Everett|1999|pp=47, 49–51}} His guitar playing on "[[I Want to Tell You]]" exemplified the pairing of altered chordal colours with descending chromatic lines and his guitar part for ''Sgt Pepper''{{'}}s "[[Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds]]" mirrors Lennon's vocal line in much the same way that a [[sarangi]] player accompanies a [[khyal]] singer in a Hindu [[bhajan|devotional song]].<ref>{{harvnb|Everett|1999|p=58}}: "I Want to Tell You"; {{harvnb|Lavezzoli|2006|pp=179–180}}: Harrison's guitar part for "Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds",</ref>

{{Listen
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| filename     = George Harrison's guitar solo from "Old Brown Shoe", April 1969.ogg
| title        = "Old Brown Shoe"
| description  = Harrison's guitar solo from "Old Brown Shoe", April 1969
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| title3       = "How Do You Sleep?"
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Everett described Harrison's guitar solo from "[[Old Brown Shoe]]" as "stinging [and] highly Claptonesque".{{sfn|Everett|1999|p=243}} He identified two of the composition's significant [[Motif (music)|motifs]]: a bluesy [[trichord]] and a [[diminished triad]] with roots in A and E.{{sfn|Everett|1999|p=244}} Huntley called the song "a sizzling rocker with a ferocious ... solo".{{sfn|Huntley|2006|p=35}} In Greene's opinion, Harrison's demo for "Old Brown Shoe" contains "one of the most complex lead guitar solos on any Beatles song".{{sfn|Greene|2006|p=140}}

Harrison's playing on ''Abbey Road'', and in particular on "Something", marked a significant moment in his development as a guitarist. The song's guitar solo shows a varied range of influences, incorporating the blues guitar style of Clapton and the styles of Indian [[Gamaka (music)|gamakas]].{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=42}} According to author and musicologist [[Kenneth Womack]]: {{"'}}Something' meanders toward the most unforgettable of Harrison's guitar solos ... A masterpiece in simplicity, [it] reaches toward the sublime".{{sfn|Womack|2006|p=189}}

After [[Delaney Bramlett]] inspired him to learn slide guitar, Harrison began to incorporate it into his solo work, which allowed him to mimic many traditional Indian instruments, including the sarangi and the [[Esraj|dilruba]].{{sfn|Leng|2006|pp=84–85}} Leng described Harrison's slide guitar solo on Lennon's "[[How Do You Sleep? (John Lennon song)|How Do You Sleep?"]] as a departure for "the sweet soloist of 'Something{{'"}}, calling his playing "rightly famed ... one of Harrison's greatest guitar statements".{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=109}} Lennon commented: "That's the best he's ever fucking played in his life."{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=109}}

A [[Music of Hawaii|Hawaiian]] influence is notable in much of Harrison's music, ranging from his slide guitar work on ''Gone Troppo'' (1982) to his televised performance of the [[Cab Calloway]] standard "[[Between the Devil and the Deep Blue Sea (song)|Between the Devil and the Deep Blue Sea]]" on [[ukulele]] in 1992.<ref>{{harvnb|Harry|2003|pp=29–30}}: Performing "Between the Devil and the Deep Blue Sea" with Holland; {{harvnb|Leng|2006|p=232}}: Hawaiian influence on ''Gone Troppo''.</ref> Lavezzoli described Harrison's slide playing on the Grammy-winning instrumental "Marwa Blues" (2002) as demonstrating Hawaiian influences while comparing the melody to an Indian [[sarod]] or [[veena]], calling it "yet another demonstration of Harrison's unique slide approach".{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|p=198}} Harrison was an admirer of [[George Formby]] and a member of the Ukulele Society of Great Britain, and played a ukulele solo in the style of Formby at the end of "[[Free as a Bird]]".{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=279}} He performed at a Formby convention in 1991, and served as the honorary president of the George Formby Appreciation Society.{{sfn|Huntley|2006|pp=149, 232}} Harrison played bass guitar on a few tracks, including the Beatles songs "[[She Said She Said]]", "[[Golden Slumbers]]", "[[Birthday (The Beatles song)|Birthday]]" and "[[Honey Pie]]".<ref>{{harvnb|Everett|1999|pp=65: "She Said She Said", 268: "Golden Slumbers", 196: "Birthday", 190: "Honey Pie"}}</ref> He also played bass on several solo recordings, including "[[Faster (George Harrison song)|Faster]]", "[[Wake Up My Love]]" and "[[Bye Bye Love (The Everly Brothers song)#George Harrison's version|Bye Bye Love]]".{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=205: "Faster", 230: "Wake Up My Love", 152: "Bye Bye Love"}}

===Sitar and Indian music===
[[File:Musicians Ravi Shankar and George Harrison in Los Angeles, Calif., 1967.jpg|thumb|Harrison learned [[sitar]] from [[Ravi Shankar]] (pictured in 1967).]]
During the Beatles' American tour in August 1965, Harrison's friend [[David Crosby]] of the Byrds introduced him to [[Indian classical music]] and the work of [[sitar]] maestro [[Ravi Shankar]].{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=20}}{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|p=147}} Harrison described Shankar as "the first person who ever impressed me in my life&nbsp;... and he was the only person who didn't try to impress me."{{sfn|Harrison|2011|p=216}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/m002ppx7 |title=Mr and Mrs Angadi |first=Sindhu |last=Vee |work=Artworks, BBC Radio 4 |date=13 January 2026 |access-date=18 January 2026}} Stated on the website as “Available for over a year”. This programme describes (at 16:51 to 20:01) the circumstances in which Harrison met Shankar and includes (at 18.55 to 19:15) a recording of these words.</ref> Harrison became fascinated with the sitar and immersed himself in [[Indian music]].{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|p=172}} According to Lavezzoli, Harrison's introduction of the instrument on the Beatles' song "Norwegian Wood" "opened the floodgates for Indian instrumentation in rock music, triggering what Shankar called 'The Great Sitar Explosion' of 1966–67".{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|p=171}} Lavezzoli recognises Harrison as "the man most responsible for this phenomenon".{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|pp=171–172}}{{refn|group=nb|Harrison was influential in the decision to have Shankar included on the bill at the [[Monterey Pop Festival]] in 1967, and at [[Woodstock]] in 1969.{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|pp=106, 172}}}}

In June 1966, Harrison met Shankar at the home of Mrs Angadi of the [[Asian Music Circle]], asked to be his student, and was accepted.{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|p=176}} Before this meeting, Harrison had recorded his ''Revolver'' track "[[Love You To]]", contributing a sitar part that Lavezzoli describes as an "astonishing improvement" over "Norwegian Wood" and "the most accomplished performance on sitar by any rock musician".{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|p=175}} On 6 July, Harrison travelled to India to buy a sitar from Rikhi Ram & Sons in New Delhi.{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|p=176}} In September, following the Beatles' final tour, he returned to India to study sitar for six weeks with Shankar.{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|p=176}} He initially stayed in Bombay until fans learned of his arrival, then moved to a houseboat on a remote lake in [[Kashmir]].{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|p=176}} During this visit, he also received tutelage from [[Shambhu Das]], Shankar's protégé.{{sfn|Clayson|2003|p=206}}{{sfn|Everett|1999|p=71}}

Harrison studied the instrument until 1968, when, following a discussion with Shankar about the need to find his "roots", an encounter with Clapton and [[Jimi Hendrix]] at a hotel in New York convinced him to return to guitar playing. Harrison commented: "I decided&nbsp;... I'm not going to be a great sitar player&nbsp;... because I should have started at least fifteen years earlier."<ref>{{harvnb|Harrison|2002|p=57}}: (primary source); {{harvnb|Lavezzoli|2006|pp=184–185}}: (secondary source).</ref> Harrison continued to use Indian instrumentation occasionally on his solo albums and remained strongly associated with the genre.{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|pp=172–173, 197}} Lavezzoli groups him with [[Paul Simon]] and [[Peter Gabriel]] as the three rock musicians who have given the most "mainstream exposure to non-Western musics, or the concept of '[[world music]]{{'"}}.{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|p=81}}

===Songwriting===
Harrison wrote his first song, "Don't Bother Me", while sick in a hotel bed in Bournemouth during August 1963, as "an exercise to see if I ''could'' write a song", <!--emphasis in original-->as he remembered.{{sfn|Harrison|2002|p=84}} His songwriting ability improved throughout the Beatles' career, but his material did not earn full respect from Lennon, McCartney and producer [[George Martin]] until near the group's break-up.{{sfn|Gilmore|2002|pp=38–39}} In 1969, McCartney told Lennon: "Until this year, our songs have been better than George's. Now this year his songs are at least as good as ours".<ref>{{harvnb|Miles|1997|p=554}}: (primary source); {{harvnb|Fawcett|1977|p=96}}: (secondary source).</ref> Harrison often had difficulty getting the band to record his songs.{{sfn|Schinder|Schwartz|2008|p=174}}{{sfn|George-Warren|2001|p=413}} Most Beatles albums from 1965 onwards contain at least two Harrison compositions; three of his songs appear on ''Revolver'', "the album on which Harrison came of age as a songwriter", according to Inglis.{{sfn|Inglis|2010|pp=xv: most Beatles albums contain at least two Harrison compositions, 7:''Revolver''}}

{{Listen
| type         = music
| filename     = "Within You Without You" by the Beatles, written by George Harrison, 1967.ogg
| title        = "Within You Without You"
| description  = An audio sample of Harrison's "Within You Without You", 1967
}}

Harrison wrote the [[chord progression]] of "Don't Bother Me" almost exclusively in the [[Dorian mode]], demonstrating an interest in exotic tones that eventually culminated in his embrace of Indian music.{{sfn|Everett|2001|pp=193–94}} The latter proved a strong influence on his songwriting and contributed to his innovation within the Beatles. According to [[Mikal Gilmore]] of ''Rolling Stone'', "Harrison's openness to new sounds and textures cleared new paths for his rock and roll compositions. His use of dissonance on&nbsp;... 'Taxman' and 'I Want to Tell You' was revolutionary in popular music – and perhaps more originally creative than the avant-garde mannerisms that Lennon and McCartney borrowed from the music of [[Karlheinz Stockhausen]], [[Luciano Berio]], [[Edgard Varèse]] and [[Igor Stravinsky]]&nbsp;...".{{sfn|Gilmore|2002|p=37}}

Of the 1967 Harrison song "Within You Without You", author Gerry Farrell said that Harrison had created a "new form", calling the composition "a quintessential fusion of pop and Indian music".{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=31}} Lennon called the song one of Harrison's best: "His mind and his music are clear. There is his innate talent, he brought that sound together."{{sfn|The Beatles|2000|p=243}} In his next fully Indian-styled song, "The Inner Light", Harrison embraced the [[Carnatic music|Karnatak]] discipline of Indian music, rather than the [[Hindustani classical music|Hindustani]] style he had used in "Love You To" and "Within You Without You".<ref>{{harvnb|Harrison|2002|p=118}}; {{harvnb|Lavezzoli|2006|p=183}}; {{harvnb|Tillery|2011|p=87}}.</ref> Writing in 1997, Farrell commented: "It is a mark of Harrison's sincere involvement with Indian music that, nearly thirty years on, the Beatles' 'Indian' songs remain the most imaginative and successful examples of this type of fusion – for example, '[[Blue Jay Way]]' and 'The Inner Light'."{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=316}}

Beatles biographer Bob Spitz described "Something" as a masterpiece, and "an intensely stirring romantic ballad that would challenge 'Yesterday' and 'Michelle' as one of the most recognizable songs they ever produced".{{sfn|Spitz|2005|p=837}} Inglis considered ''Abbey Road'' a turning point in Harrison's development as a songwriter and musician. He described Harrison's two contributions to the LP, "Here Comes the Sun" and "Something", as "exquisite", declaring them equal to any previous Beatles songs.{{sfn|Inglis|2010|p=15}}

===Collaborations===
{{See also|Apple Records#Artists|George Harrison discography#Collaborations and other appearances}}
From 1968 onwards, Harrison collaborated with other musicians; he brought in [[Eric Clapton]] to play lead guitar on "[[While My Guitar Gently Weeps]]" for the 1968 Beatles' [[White Album]],{{sfn|Zolten|2009|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=vW75rdouJD0C&pg=PA55 55]}} and collaborated with [[John Barham]] on his 1968 debut solo album, ''[[Wonderwall Music]]'', which included contributions from Clapton again, as well as [[Peter Tork]] from [[the Monkees]].{{sfn|Leng|2006|pp=49–50}} He played on tracks by [[Dave Mason]], [[Nicky Hopkins]], [[Alvin Lee]], [[Ronnie Wood]], Billy Preston and [[Tom Scott (saxophonist)|Tom Scott]].{{sfn|Inglis|2010|p=55}} Harrison co-wrote songs and music with Dylan, Clapton, Preston, Doris Troy, David Bromberg, Gary Wright, Wood, Jeff Lynne and Tom Petty, among others.{{sfn|Harry|2003|pp=162–163: Dylan, 121–125: Eric Clapton, 303–304: Billy Preston, 381–382: Doris Troy, 41: David Bromberg, 171: Ronnie Wood, 395: Gary Wright, 257–258: Jeff Lynne, 295–296: Tom Petty}} Harrison's music projects during the final years of the Beatles included producing Apple Records artists [[Doris Troy]], [[Jackie Lomax]] and Billy Preston.{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=55: Lomax; 59: Preston; 60–62: Troy}}

Harrison co-wrote the song "[[Badge (song)|Badge]]" with Clapton, which was included on [[Cream (band)|Cream]]'s 1969 album, ''[[Goodbye (Cream album)|Goodbye]]''.{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=53}} Harrison played rhythm guitar on the track, using the pseudonym "L'Angelo Misterioso" for contractual reasons.{{sfn|Winn|2009|p=229}} In May 1970, he played guitar on several songs during a recording session for Dylan's album ''[[New Morning]]''.{{sfn|Harry|2003|p=283}} Between 1971 and 1973, he co-wrote or produced three top ten hits for Starr: "[[It Don't Come Easy]]", "[[Back Off Boogaloo]]" and "[[Photograph (Ringo Starr song)|Photograph]]".{{sfn|Schaffner|1980|p=164}} Aside from "How Do You Sleep?", his contributions to Lennon's 1971 album ''[[Imagine (John Lennon album)|Imagine]]'' included a slide guitar solo on "[[Gimme Some Truth]]" and [[dobro]] on "[[Crippled Inside]]".{{sfn|Leng|2006|pp=108–109}} Also that year, he produced and played slide guitar on Badfinger's top ten hit "[[Day After Day (Badfinger song)|Day After Day]]", and a dobro on Preston's "[[I Wrote a Simple Song (song)|I Wrote a Simple Song]]".<ref>{{harvnb|Leng|2006|p=108}}: "I Wrote a Simple Song"; {{harvnb|Matovina|2000|p=136}}.</ref>{{refn|group=nb|Musician [[David Bromberg]] introduced Harrison to the dobro, an instrument that soon became one of his favourites.{{sfn|Leng|2006|pp=73, 108}}}} He worked with [[Harry Nilsson]] on "[[You're Breakin' My Heart]]" (1972) and with [[Cheech & Chong]] on "[[Basketball Jones]]" (1973).{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=140}}

In 1974, Harrison founded [[Dark Horse Records]] as an avenue for collaboration with other musicians.{{sfn|Harry|2003|p=147}} He wanted Dark Horse to serve as a creative outlet for artists, as Apple Records had for the Beatles.<ref>{{harvnb|Doggett|2009|p=224}}; {{harvnb|Inglis|2010|p=59}}.</ref> Eric Idle commented: "He's extremely generous, and he backs and supports all sorts of people that you'll never, ever hear of."{{sfn|Doggett|2009|p=262}} The first acts signed to the new label were Ravi Shankar and the duo [[Splinter (band)|Splinter]]. Harrison produced and made multiple musical contributions to Splinter's debut album, ''[[The Place I Love]]'', which provided Dark Horse with its first hit, "Costafine Town".<ref>{{harvnb|Harry|2003|p=147}}; {{harvnb|Huntley|2006|p=106}}.</ref> He also produced and played guitar and [[autoharp]] on Shankar's ''[[Shankar Family & Friends]]'', the label's other inaugural release.{{sfn|Leng|2006|pp=138, 148, 169, 171, 328}} Other artists signed by Dark Horse include [[Attitudes (band)|Attitudes]], [[Henry McCullough]], Jiva and [[Five Stairsteps|Stairsteps]].{{sfn|Harry|2003|pp=146, 149}}

Harrison collaborated with Tom Scott on Scott's 1975 album ''[[New York Connection]]'', and in 1981 he played guitar on "[[Walk a Thin Line]]", from [[Mick Fleetwood]]'s ''[[The Visitor (Mick Fleetwood album)|The Visitor]]''.<ref>{{harvnb|Kot|2002|p=194}}: "Walk a Thin Line"; {{harvnb|Leng|2006|p=187}}: ''New York Connection''.</ref> His contributions to Starr's solo career continued with "[[Wrack My Brain]]", a 1981 US top 40 hit written and produced by Harrison,{{sfn|Huntley|2006|pp=172–73}} and guitar overdubs to two tracks on ''[[Vertical Man]]'' (1998).{{sfn|Badman|2001|pp=581–82}} In 1996, Harrison recorded "Distance Makes No Difference With Love" with Carl Perkins for the latter's album ''[[Go Cat Go!]]'', and, in 1990, he played slide guitar on the title track of Dylan's ''[[Under the Red Sky]]'' album.{{sfn|Harry|2003|pp=109: "Distance Makes No Difference With Love" 384: ''Under the Red Sky'' }} In 2001, he performed as a guest musician on Jeff Lynne and Electric Light Orchestra's comeback album ''[[Zoom (Electric Light Orchestra album)|Zoom]]'', and on the song "Love Letters" for [[Bill Wyman's Rhythm Kings]].{{sfn|Huntley|2006|pp=303–304}} He also co-wrote a new song with his son Dhani, "[[Horse to the Water]]", which was recorded on 2 October, eight weeks before his death. It appeared on [[Jools Holland]]'s album ''Small World, Big Band''.{{sfn|Harry|2003|p=119}}

===Guitars===
[[File:George Harrison's Harptone L-6, HRC NYC.jpg|thumb|right|upright|Harrison's Harptone L-6 acoustic guitar, which he played at the Concert for Bangladesh]]
When Harrison joined the Quarrymen in 1958, his main guitar was a [[Höfner]] President Acoustic, which he soon traded for a Höfner Club 40 model.{{sfn|Babiuk|2002|pp=18–19: Höfner President Acoustic, 22: Höfner Club 40 model}} His first solid-body electric guitar was a Czech-built [[Jolana (guitar brand)|Jolana]] Futurama/Grazioso.{{sfn|Babiuk|2002|pp=25–27}} The guitars he used on early recordings were mainly [[Gretsch]] models, played through a [[Vox AC30|Vox amplifier]], including a [[Gretsch Duo Jet]] that he bought secondhand in 1961 and posed with on the album cover for ''Cloud Nine'' (1987).<ref>{{harvnb|Babiuk|2002|pp=110–112}}: Harrison used [[Gretsch]] models played through a [[Vox AC30|Vox amplifier]]; {{harvnb|Bacon|2005|p=65}}: the [[Gretsch Duo Jet]] featured on the album cover for ''Cloud Nine''.</ref> He also bought a Gretsch Tennessean and a Gretsch Country Gentleman, which he played on "[[She Loves You]]", and during the Beatles' 1964 appearance on ''[[The Ed Sullivan Show]]''.{{sfn|Bacon|2005|p=65}}{{sfn|Babiuk|2002|pp=52–55: Gretsch 6128 Duo Jet; 89–91, 99–101: Gretsch 6122 Country Gentleman; 105–106: Gretsch 6119–62 Tennessee Rose}} In 1963, he bought a [[Rickenbacker 400 series|Rickenbacker 425]] Fireglo, and in 1964 he acquired a Rickenbacker 360/12 guitar, which was the second of its kind to be manufactured.<ref>{{harvnb|Babiuk|2002|pp=94–97}}: Rickenbacker 425 Fireglo; {{harvnb|Smith|1987|pp=77–79}}: Harrison acquired his first [[Rickenbacker 360/12]] in New York in February 1964. It was the second of its kind to be manufactured.</ref> Harrison obtained his first [[Fender Stratocaster]] in 1965 and first used it during the recording of the ''Help!'' album that February; he also used it when recording ''Rubber Soul'' later that year, most notably on the song "[[Nowhere Man (song)|Nowhere Man]]".{{sfn|Babiuk|2002|p=157}}

In early 1966, Harrison and Lennon each purchased [[Epiphone Casino]]s, which they used on ''Revolver''.{{sfn|Babiuk|2002|pp=180–182, 198: Epiphone Casino}} Harrison also used a [[Gibson J-160E]] and a [[Gibson SG]] Standard while recording the album.{{sfn|Babiuk|2002|pp=72–75: Gibson J-160E, 180–183: Fender Stratocaster and Gibson SG}} He later painted his Stratocaster in a psychedelic design that included the word "[[Be-Bop-A-Lula|Bebopalula]]" above the pickguard and the guitar's nickname, "Rocky", on the headstock.{{sfn|Babiuk|2002|pp=156–157, 206–207: Fender Stratocaster "Rocky"}} He can be seen playing the psychedelic Stratocaster on the ''[[Our World (1967 TV program)|Our World]]'' performance of "[[All You Need Is Love]]" and in the ''[[Magical Mystery Tour (film)|Magical Mystery Tour]]'' film, both from 1967, and he continued to use it throughout his solo career.{{sfn|Babiuk|2002|pp=224–225}} In July 1968, Clapton gave him a [[Gibson Les Paul]]{{sfn|Winn|2009|p=210}} that had been stripped of its original finish and stained cherry red, which Harrison nicknamed "[[Lucy (George Harrison guitar)|Lucy]]".{{sfn|Babiuk|2002|pp=224–225: Gibson Les Paul "[[Lucy (George Harrison guitar)|Lucy]]"}} Around this time, he obtained a Gibson Jumbo J-200 acoustic guitar,{{sfn|Babiuk|2002|pp=223–224: Gibson Jumbo J-200}} which he subsequently gave to Dylan to use at the [[Isle of Wight Festival 1969|1969 Isle of Wight Festival]].{{sfn|Harrison|2011|pp=202–03}} In late 1968, [[Fender Musical Instruments Corporation]] gave Harrison a custom-made [[Fender Telecaster]] Rosewood prototype, made especially for him by Philip Kubicki.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fender.com/news/philip-kubicki-1943-2013/|title=Newscaster – Fender Experience|work=Fender News|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129052619/http://www.fender.com/news/philip-kubicki-1943-2013/|archive-date=29 November 2014}}</ref>{{sfn|Babiuk|2002|pp=237–239: Fender Telecaster}}{{refn|group=nb|Harrison subsequently gave the Rosewood Telecaster to Delaney Bramlett during the 1969 Delaney & Bonnie tour.{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=65}} He similarly gifted his Gibson SG to [[Pete Ham]] of Badfinger.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gibson.com/News-Lifestyle/Features/en-us/Badfinger.aspx|first=Russell|last=Hall|title=Badfinger: ''Straight Up'' and the Famous 'George Harrison/Pete Ham' Cherry Red SG Standard|publisher=[[Gibson (guitar company)|Gibson]]|date=3 November 2014|access-date=18 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180818115243/http://www.gibson.com/News-Lifestyle/Features/en-us/Badfinger.aspx|archive-date=18 August 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} In August 2017, Fender released a "Limited Edition George Harrison Rosewood Telecaster" modelled after a Telecaster that [[Roger Rossmeisl]] originally created for Harrison.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.americanmusical.com/Item--i-FEN-0115400-LIST|title=Fender Limited Edition George Harrison Rosewood Telecaster with Case|publisher=American Musical |access-date=22 August 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170823022105/https://www.americanmusical.com/Item--i-FEN-0115400-LIST|archive-date=23 August 2017}}</ref>

==Film production and HandMade films==
{{Main|HandMade Films}}

Harrison helped finance Ravi Shankar's documentary ''[[Raga (film)|Raga]]'' and released it through [[Apple Films]] in 1971.{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|p=187}} He also produced, with Apple manager [[Allen Klein]], the ''Concert for Bangladesh'' film.{{sfn|Dawtrey|2002|p=204}} In 1973, he produced the feature film ''[[Little Malcolm]]'',{{sfn|Badman|2001|p=90}} but the project was lost amid the litigation surrounding the former Beatles ending their business ties with Klein.{{sfn|Clayson|2003|p=346, 370}}

In 1973, [[Peter Sellers]] introduced Harrison to [[Denis O'Brien (producer)|Denis O'Brien]]. Soon after, the two went into business together.{{sfn|Harry|2003|p=211}} In 1978, to produce ''[[Monty Python's Life of Brian]]'', they formed the film production and distribution company HandMade Films.<ref>{{harvnb|Davies|2009|pp=362–363}}; {{harvnb|Doggett|2009|p=262}}.</ref> Their opportunity for investment came after [[EMI Films]] withdrew funding at the demand of their chief executive, [[Bernard Delfont]].{{sfn|Harry|2003|pp=211–212}} Harrison financed the production of ''Life of Brian'' in part by mortgaging his home, which Idle later called "the most anybody's ever paid for a cinema ticket in history".<ref name="grdn">{{cite news |last1=Barber |first1=Nicholas |title=How George Harrison – and a very naughty boy – saved British cinema |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2019/apr/03/george-harrison-beatle-monty-python-life-of-brian-handmade-studios |access-date=3 April 2019 |newspaper=The Guardian |date=3 April 2019 |archive-date=3 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403113955/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2019/apr/03/george-harrison-beatle-monty-python-life-of-brian-handmade-studios |url-status=live }}</ref>{{sfn|Doggett|2009|p=262}} The film grossed $21&nbsp;million at the box office in the US.{{sfn|Harry|2003|p=211}} The first film distributed by HandMade Films was ''[[The Long Good Friday]]'' (1980), and the first they produced was ''[[Time Bandits]]'' (1981), a co-scripted project by [[Monty Python]]{{'}}s [[Terry Gilliam]] and [[Michael Palin]].{{sfn|Harry|2003|p=212}} The film featured a new song by Harrison, "[[Dream Away (George Harrison song)|Dream Away]]", in the closing credits.<ref name="grdn"/>{{sfn|Inglis|2010|p=83}} ''Time Bandits'' became one of HandMade's most successful and acclaimed efforts; with a budget of $5 million, it earned $35 million in the US within ten weeks of its release.{{sfn|Inglis|2010|p=83}}

Harrison served as [[Film producer|executive producer]] for 23 films with HandMade, including ''[[A Private Function]]'' (1984), ''[[Mona Lisa (1986 film)|Mona Lisa]]'' (1986), ''[[Shanghai Surprise]]'' (1986), ''[[Withnail and I]]'' (1987) and ''[[How to Get Ahead in Advertising]]'' (1989).{{sfn|Dawtrey|2002|p=204}}<ref name="denis">{{cite magazine|first=Stephen|last=Vagg|magazine=Filmink|date=2 January 2026|access-date=2 January 2026|url=https://www.filmink.com.au/forgotten-british-moguls-denis-obrien/|title=Forgotten British Moguls: Denis O’Brien}}</ref> He made [[cameo appearance]]s in several of these films, including a role as a [[nightclub singer]] in ''Shanghai Surprise'', for which he recorded five new songs.{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=244}} According to Ian Inglis, "[Harrison's] executive role in HandMade Films helped to sustain British cinema at a time of crisis, producing some of the country's most memorable movies of the 1980s."{{sfn|Inglis|2010|p=xvi}} Following a series of [[box office bomb]]s in the late 1980s, and excessive debt incurred by O'Brien which was [[loan guarantee|guaranteed]] by Harrison, HandMade's financial situation became precarious.{{sfn|Sellers|2013|p={{page needed|date=May 2020}}}}{{sfn|Dawtrey|2002|p=207}} The company ceased operations in 1991<ref name="grdn"/> and was sold three years later to [[Paragon Entertainment Corporation|Paragon Entertainment]], a Canadian corporation.{{sfn|Harry|2003|pp=214–15}} Afterwards, Harrison sued O'Brien for $25 million for fraud and negligence, resulting in an $11.6&nbsp;million judgement in 1996.<ref>Morris, Chris. "George Harrison Wins $11.6 Mill. In Suit Vs. Ex-Partner" ''Billboard'' 3 February 1996: 13</ref><ref name="grdn"/>

==Humanitarian work==
[[File:George Harrison Sculpture at Shadhinotar Shangram Triangle.jpg|thumb|upright=1|George Harrison sculpture in [[Dhaka]], Bangladesh]]
Harrison was involved in humanitarian and political activism throughout his life. In the 1960s, the Beatles supported the [[civil rights movement]] and protested against the [[Vietnam War]]. In early 1971, Ravi Shankar consulted Harrison about how to provide aid to the people of Bangladesh after the [[1970 Bhola cyclone]] and the [[Bangladesh Liberation War]].<ref name="theconcertforbangladesh1">{{cite web|url=http://www.theconcertforbangladesh.com/|title=The Concert For Bangladesh|publisher=The Concert For Bangladesh |access-date=13 October 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111012112816/http://www.theconcertforbangladesh.com/|archive-date=12 October 2011}}</ref> Harrison hastily wrote and recorded the song "[[Bangla Desh (song)|Bangla Desh]]", which became pop music's first [[charity single]] when issued by Apple Records in late July.{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=112}}{{sfn|Frontani|2009|pp=158–59}} He also pushed Apple to release Shankar's ''[[Joi Bangla]]'' EP in an effort to raise further awareness for the cause.<ref name="Dooley/Gibson">{{cite web|url=http://www2.gibson.com/News-Lifestyle/Features/en-us/spotlight-0801-2011.aspx|title=This Day in Music Spotlight: George Harrison's Concert for Bangladesh|date=1 August 2011|last=Dooley|first=Sean Patrick|access-date=1 January 2013|publisher=[[Gibson Guitar Corporation|Gibson]]|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130131153846/http://www2.gibson.com/News-Lifestyle/Features/en-us/spotlight-0801-2011.aspx|archive-date=31 January 2013}}</ref> Shankar asked for Harrison's advice about planning a small charity event in the US. Harrison responded by organising the Concert for Bangladesh, which raised more than $240,000.<ref>{{harvnb|Doggett|2009|pp=173–174}}; {{cite magazine|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,944505,00.html|title=Cinema: Sweet Sounds|magazine=Time|access-date=13 October 2011|date=17 April 1972|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111125201707/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,944505,00.html|archive-date=25 November 2011}}</ref> Around $13.5 million was generated through the album and film releases,{{sfn|Harry|2003|p=137}} although most of the funds were frozen in an [[Internal Revenue Service]] audit for ten years, due to Klein's failure to register the event as a [[UNICEF]] benefit beforehand.{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|p=193}} In June 1972, UNICEF honoured Harrison, Shankar, and Klein, with the "Child Is the Father of Man" award at an annual ceremony in recognition of their fundraising efforts for Bangladesh.{{sfn|Badman|2001|p=274}}

From 1980, Harrison became a vocal supporter of [[Greenpeace]] and [[CND]].{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=214}} He also protested against the use of nuclear energy with [[Friends of the Earth]],{{sfn|Badman|2001|p=248}}{{sfn|Harry|2003|p=85}} and helped finance ''[[Vole (magazine)|Vole]]'', a [[Green politics|green]] magazine launched by Monty Python member [[Terry Jones]].{{sfn|Clayson|2003|p=388}}{{refn|group=nb|In 1985, Harrison contributed a new version of his ''Somewhere in England'' track "[[Save the World (George Harrison song)|Save the World]]" to the fundraising compilation ''[[Greenpeace – The Album]]''.{{sfn|Huntley|2006|p=196}}}} In 1990, he helped promote his wife Olivia's [[Romanian Angel Appeal]]{{sfn|Harry|2003|pp=99–100}} on behalf of the thousands of [[Romanian orphans]] left abandoned by the state following the [[fall of Communism]] in Eastern Europe.{{sfn|Tillery|2011|p=135}} Harrison recorded a benefit single, "[[Nobody's Child (Hank Snow song)|Nobody's Child]]", with the Traveling Wilburys, and assembled a [[Nobody's Child: Romanian Angel Appeal|fundraising album]] with contributions from other artists including Clapton, Starr, [[Elton John]], [[Stevie Wonder]], [[Donovan]] and [[Van Morrison]].{{sfn|Clayson|2003|p=424}}{{sfn|Tillery|2011|pp=135–36}}

The Concert for Bangladesh has been described as an innovative precursor for the large-scale charity rock shows that followed, including [[Live Aid]].{{sfn|Harry|2003|p=135}} The George Harrison Humanitarian Fund for UNICEF, a joint effort between the Harrison family and the [[US Fund for UNICEF]], aims to support programmes that help children caught in humanitarian emergencies.<ref name="unicefusa1">{{cite web|url= http://www.unicefusa.org/news/news-from-the-field/the-george-harrison-fund-for-u.html|title= The George Harrison Fund for UNICEF|publisher= UNICEF|access-date= 13 October 2011|url-status=live|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110929203513/http://www.unicefusa.org/news/news-from-the-field/the-george-harrison-fund-for-u.html|archive-date= 29 September 2011}}</ref> In December 2007, they donated $450,000 to help the victims of [[Cyclone Sidr]] in Bangladesh.<ref name="unicefusa1"/> On 13 October 2009, the first George Harrison Humanitarian Award went to Ravi Shankar for his efforts in saving the lives of children, and his involvement with the Concert for Bangladesh.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.georgeharrison.com/#/news/archive/200910/ravi-shankar-receives-first-ever-george-harrison-humanitarian-award|title=Ravi Shankar Receives First-Ever George Harrison Humanitarian Award|publisher=georgeharrison.com|access-date=13 October 2011|date=13 October 2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111012000351/http://www.georgeharrison.com/#/news/archive/200910/ravi-shankar-receives-first-ever-george-harrison-humanitarian-award|archive-date=12 October 2011}}</ref>

==Personal life==
===Hinduism===
[[File:George Harrison Vrindavan.jpg|thumb|alt=Harrison with two Hare Krishna devotees, 1996|Harrison, with [[International Society for Krishna Consciousness|Hare Krishna]] devotees Shyamasundar Das and [[Mukunda Goswami]], in [[Vrindavan]], India, in 1996]]
By the mid-1960s, Harrison had become an admirer of [[Indian culture]] and mysticism, introducing it to the other Beatles.{{sfn|Schaffner|1980|pp=77–78}} During the filming of ''[[Help! (film)|Help!]]'' in the Bahamas, they met the founder of [[Sivananda Yoga]], [[Swami Vishnu-devananda]], who gave each of them a signed copy of his book, ''[[The Complete Illustrated Book of Yoga]]'' (1960).{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|p=173}} Between the end of the last Beatles tour in 1966 and the beginning of the ''Sgt Pepper'' recording sessions, he made a pilgrimage to India with his first wife, [[Pattie Boyd]]; there, he studied sitar with Ravi Shankar, met several [[guru]]s, and visited various holy places.{{sfn|Doggett|2009|p=33}} In 1968, [[The Beatles in India|he travelled with the other Beatles]] to [[Rishikesh]] in northern India to study meditation with [[Maharishi Mahesh Yogi]].{{sfn|Doggett|2009|p=33}}{{refn|group=nb|Harrison credited English sculptor [[David Wynne (sculptor)|David Wynne]] as the person who first recommended the Mararishi as a "remarkable" yogi, after which the Beatles attended a lecture he gave in London in August 1967.{{sfn|The Beatles|2000|p=260}}}}

Harrison's experiences with [[LSD]] in the mid-1960s served as a catalyst for his early pursuance of Hinduism. In a 1977 interview, George recalled:

{{Blockquote|For me, it was like a flash. The first time I had acid, it just opened up something in my head that was inside of me, and I realized a lot of things. I didn't learn them because I already knew them, but that happened to be the key that opened the door to reveal them. From the moment I had that, I wanted to have it all the time – these thoughts about the yogis and the Himalayas, and Ravi's music.{{sfn|Glazer|1977|p=41}}}}

However, Harrison stopped using LSD after a disenchanting experience in San Francisco's [[Haight-Ashbury]] neighborhood. He recounted in ''The Beatles Anthology'':

{{Blockquote|That was the turning point for me – that's when I went right off the whole drug cult and stopped taking the dreaded lysergic acid. I had some in a little bottle – it was liquid. I put it under a microscope, and it looked like bits of old rope. I thought that I couldn't put that into my brain any more.{{sfn|The Beatles|2000}}}}

After being given various religious texts by Shankar in 1966, he remained a lifelong advocate of the teachings of [[Swami Vivekananda]] and [[Paramahansa Yogananda]] – yogis and authors, respectively, of ''[[Raja Yoga (book)|Raja Yoga]]'' (1896) and ''[[Autobiography of a Yogi]]'' (1946).<ref>{{harvnb|Greene|2006|pp=68–73}}; {{harvnb|Tillery|2011|pp=56–58}}.</ref> In mid-1969, he produced the single "[[Hare Krishna Mantra (song)|Hare Krishna Mantra]]", performed by members of the London [[Radha Krishna Temple]].{{sfn|Partridge|2004|p=153}} Having also helped the Temple devotees become established in Britain, Harrison then met their leader, [[A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada]], whom he described as "my friend ... my master" and "a perfect example of everything he preached".<ref>{{harvnb|Clayson|2003|pp=267–70}}; {{harvnb|Cremo|1997|pp=26–27}}.</ref> Harrison embraced the [[International Society for Krishna Consciousness|Hare Krishna tradition]], particularly ''[[Japa|japa-yoga]]'' chanting with beads, and became a lifelong devotee.{{sfn|Partridge|2004|p=153}} In 1972 he donated his [[Letchmore Heath]] mansion north of London to the devotees. It was later converted to a temple and renamed [[Bhaktivedanta Manor]].<ref>{{harvnb|Huntley|2006|p=87}}; {{harvnb|Tillery|2011|p=111}}.</ref>

Regarding other faiths, he once remarked: "All religions are branches of one big tree. It doesn't matter what you call Him just as long as you call."{{sfn|Tillery|2011|p=78}} He commented on his beliefs:

{{Blockquote|[[Krishna]] actually was in a body as a person&nbsp;... What makes it complicated is, if he's God, what's he doing fighting on a battlefield? It took me ages to try to figure that out, and again it was Yogananda's spiritual interpretation of the ''[[Bhagavad Gita]]'' that made me realise what it was. Our idea of Krishna and [[Arjuna]] on the battlefield in the chariot. So this is the point – that we're in these bodies, which is like a kind of chariot, and we're going through this incarnation, this life, which is kind of a battlefield. The senses of the body&nbsp;... are the horses pulling the chariot, and we have to get control over the chariot by getting control over the reins. And Arjuna in the end says, "Please Krishna, you drive the chariot" because unless we bring [[Jesus in Christianity|Christ]] or Krishna or [[Buddha]] or whichever of our spiritual guides&nbsp;... we're going to crash our chariot, and we're going to turn over, and we're going to get killed in the battlefield. That's why we say "''Hare Krishna, Hare Krishna''{{-"}}, asking Krishna to come and take over the chariot.{{sfn|Glazer|1977|pp=39–40}}}}

Inglis comments that, in contrast to [[Cliff Richard]]'s conversion to Christianity in 1966: "Harrison's spiritual journey was seen as a serious and important development that reflected popular music's increasing maturity&nbsp;... what he, and the Beatles, had managed to overturn was the paternalistic assumption that popular musicians had no role other than to stand on stage and sing their hit songs."{{sfn|Inglis|2010|p=11}}

====Vegetarianism====
In line with the Hindu [[yoga]] tradition,<ref>{{harvnb|Clayson|2003|p=208}}; {{harvnb|Greene|2006|p=158}}:</ref> Harrison became a [[vegetarian]] in the late 1960s.<ref>{{harvnb|Greene|2006|p=69}}</ref> He remained a vegetarian on religious grounds from 1968 until his death,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ivu.org/people/music/harrison.html |publisher=International Vegetarian Union |title=George Harrison |access-date=8 December 2010}}</ref> and spent the second half of his life as an advocate for the benefits of vegetarianism.<ref>[https://beatlesdaily.com/2023/05/15/george-harrison-rare-facts/ George Harrison Rare Facts]</ref>

===Family and interests===
[[File:Kinfauns George Harrison house.jpg|thumb|left|alt=Kinfauns, a white house | Harrison and [[Pattie Boyd]] lived in [[Kinfauns]] in Surrey from 1964 to 1970.]]
[[File:George Harrison and Pattie Boyd after wedding.jpg|thumb|upright|Harrison and Boyd leaving the registry office after their wedding]]
Harrison married model [[Pattie Boyd]] on 21 January 1966, with McCartney serving as [[best man]].{{sfn|Miles|2007|p=210}} Harrison and Boyd had met on set in 1964 during the production of the film ''A Hard Day's Night'', in which the 19-year-old Boyd had been cast as a schoolgirl. During a lunch break, George 'playfully' proposed to her.{{sfn|Boyd|2007|p=60}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=CBS The Musical |url=https://www.youtube.com/user/CBSNewYork |access-date=5 August 2022 |via=YouTube |archive-date=4 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220804183657/https://www.youtube.com/user/CBSNewYork |url-status=live }}</ref> They separated in 1974 and their divorce was finalised in 1977.<ref>{{harvnb|Badman|2001|p=210}}: Divorce date; {{harvnb|Doggett|2009|p=209}}: separated in 1974.</ref> Boyd said her decision to end the marriage was due largely to George's repeated infidelities. The last infidelity culminated in an affair with Ringo's wife [[Maureen Starkey Tigrett|Maureen]], which Boyd called "the final straw".{{sfn|Boyd|2007|pp=179–180}} She characterised the last year of their marriage as "fuelled by alcohol and cocaine", and she stated: "George used coke excessively, and I think it changed him&nbsp;... it froze his emotions and hardened his heart."{{sfn|Boyd|2007|p=181}} She subsequently moved in with [[Eric Clapton]], and they married in 1979.{{sfn|Doggett|2009|p=261}}{{refn|group=nb|Harrison had formed a close friendship with Clapton in the late 1960s; he wrote one of his compositions for the ''Abbey Road'' album, "[[Here Comes the Sun]]", in Clapton's back garden, and he played guitar on [[Cream (band)|Cream]]'s song "[[Badge (song)|Badge]]", which he co-wrote with Clapton.<ref>{{harvnb|Harry|2003|p=227}}; {{harvnb|Leng|2006|p=53}}.</ref>}}

On 2 September 1978, Harrison married [[Olivia Trinidad Arias]], who was a marketing executive for A&M Records, and later Dark Horse Records.{{sfn|Huntley|2006|p=120}} As Dark Horse was a subsidiary of A&M,{{sfn|Rodriguez|2010|p=424}} the couple had first met over the phone working on record company business,{{sfn|Greene|2006|pp=220–21}} and then in person at the [[A&M Records]] offices in Los Angeles in 1974.<ref name="Olivia/DHYears">{{cite AV media notes|first=Olivia|last=Harrison|chapter=The History of Dark Horse 1976–1992|others=George Harrison|title=[[The Dark Horse Years 1976–1992]]|type=DVD booklet|publisher=Dark Horse Records/EMI|year=2004|pp=4, 7}}</ref> Together they had one son, [[Dhani Harrison]], born on 1 August 1978.<ref>{{harvnb|Harry|2003|pp=217–218, 223–224}}; {{harvnb|Inglis|2010|pp=50, 82}}.</ref>

Harrison restored the English manor house and grounds of Friar Park, his home in [[Henley-on-Thames]], where several of his music videos, including "[[Crackerbox Palace]]", were filmed; the grounds also served as the background for the cover of ''All Things Must Pass''.{{sfn|Greene|2006|pp=226–227}}{{refn|group=nb|The house had once belonged to the Victorian eccentric Sir [[Frank Crisp]]. Purchased in 1970, it is the basis for the song "[[Ballad of Sir Frankie Crisp (Let It Roll)]]".{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=94}} Harrison also owned homes on [[Hamilton Island (Queensland)|Hamilton Island]], Australia,{{sfn|Tillery|2011|p=128}} and in [[Nahiku, Hawaii]].{{sfn|Huntley|2006|p=283}}}} He employed ten workers to maintain the {{convert|36|acre|ha|adj=on}} garden.{{sfn|Davies|2009|p=360}} Harrison commented on gardening as a form of [[escapism]]: "Sometimes I feel like I'm actually on the wrong planet, and it's great when I'm in my garden, but the minute I go out the gate I think: 'What the hell am I doing here?{{'"}}{{sfn|Harrison|2011|p=357}} His autobiography, ''[[I, Me, Mine]]'', is dedicated "to gardeners everywhere".<ref>{{harvnb|Huntley|2006|p=170}}; {{harvnb|Tillery|2011|p=121}}.</ref> The former Beatles publicist [[Derek Taylor]] helped Harrison write the book, which said little about the Beatles, focusing instead on Harrison's hobbies, music and lyrics.<ref>{{harvnb|Doggett|2009|pp=265–266}}: ''I, Me, Mine'' said little about the Beatles; {{harvnb|Huntley|2006|p=170}}: Derek Taylor helped Harrison write the book; {{harvnb|Tillery|2011|p=121}}: ''I, Me, Mine'' included the lyrics, with comments by Harrison.</ref> Taylor commented: "George is not disowning the Beatles&nbsp;... but it was a long time ago and actually a short part of his life."{{sfn|Doggett|2009|p=266}}

Harrison had an interest in [[sports car]]s and [[motor racing]]; he was one of the 100 people who purchased the [[McLaren F1]] road car.{{sfn|Buckley|2004|p=127}} He had collected photos of racing drivers and their cars since he was young; at 12, he had attended his first race, the [[1955 British Grand Prix]] at [[Aintree Racecourse#Motor racing|Aintree]].{{sfn|Buckley|2004|p=127}}<ref>
{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/july/17/newsid_2981000/2981372.stm|title=BBC On This Day 1955: Moss claims first Grand Prix victory|work=BBC News|access-date=23 December 2008|date=17 July 1955|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080307132622/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/july/17/newsid_2981000/2981372.stm|archive-date=7 March 2008}}</ref> He wrote "[[Faster (George Harrison song)|Faster]]" as a tribute to the [[Formula One]] racing drivers [[Jackie Stewart]] and [[Ronnie Peterson]]. Proceeds from its release went to the [[Gunnar Nilsson]] cancer charity, set up after the Swedish driver's death from the disease in 1978.{{sfn|Huntley|2006|p=167}} Harrison's first extravagant car, a 1964 [[Aston Martin DB5]], was sold at auction on 7 December 2011 in London. An anonymous Beatles collector paid £350,000 for the vehicle that Harrison had bought new in January 1965.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/motoring/classiccars/8951335/Ex-Beatles-Aston-Martin-sells-at-auction.html|title=Ex-Beatles Aston Martin sells at auction|work=The Telegraph|last=Knapman|first=Chris|date=12 December 2011|access-date=29 December 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130103014217/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/motoring/classiccars/8951335/Ex-Beatles-Aston-Martin-sells-at-auction.html|archive-date=3 January 2013}}; {{cite web|url=http://www.chron.com/business/press-releases/article/Mystery-Texas-Collector-to-Give-Beatle-George-3360510.php|title=Mystery Texas Collector to Give Beatle George Harrison's Aston Martin DB5 its U.S. Debut at The Concours d'Elegance of Texas|work=Houston Chronicle|access-date=29 December 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130111233012/http://www.chron.com/business/press-releases/article/Mystery-Texas-Collector-to-Give-Beatle-George-3360510.php|archive-date=11 January 2013}}</ref>

===Relationships with the other Beatles===
[[File:The Beatles arrive at JFK Airport.jpg|thumb|upright=1.25|alt=The Beatles in New York City in 1964, waving to a large crowd|Lennon, McCartney, Harrison and Starr on arrival in New York City at the height of [[Beatlemania]], February 1964]]
For most of the Beatles' career, the relationships in the group were close. According to [[Hunter Davies]], "the Beatles spent their lives not living a communal life, but communally living the same life. They were each other's greatest friends." Harrison's ex-wife Pattie Boyd described how the Beatles "all belonged to each other" and admitted, "George has a lot with the others that I can never know about. Nobody, not even the wives, can break through or even comprehend it."{{sfn|Davies|2009|p=325}} Starr said, "We really looked out for each other and we had so many laughs together. In the old days we'd have the biggest hotel suites, the whole floor of the hotel, and the four of us would end up in the bathroom, just to be with each other." He added, "there were some really loving, caring moments between four people: a hotel room here and there – a really amazing closeness. Just four guys who loved each other. It was pretty sensational."{{sfn|The Beatles|2000|p=357}}

Lennon stated that his relationship with Harrison was "one of young follower and older guy&nbsp;... [he] was like a disciple of mine when we started."{{sfn|Sheff|1981|p=148}} The two later bonded over their [[LSD]] experiences, finding common ground as seekers of spirituality. They took radically different paths thereafter, with, according to biographer Gary Tillery, Harrison finding God and Lennon coming to the conclusion that people are the creators of their own lives.{{sfn|Tillery|2011|p=122}} In 1974, Harrison said of his former bandmate: "John Lennon is a saint and he's heavy-duty, and he's great and I love him. But at the same time, he's such a ''bastard'' – but that's the great thing about him, you see?"{{sfn|Harrison|1975|page=event occurs at 30 minutes 3–15 seconds}}

Harrison and McCartney were the first of the Beatles to meet, having shared a school bus, and often learned and rehearsed new guitar chords together.{{sfn|Inglis|2010|pp=xiii–xiv}} McCartney said that he and Harrison usually shared a bedroom while touring.<ref>{{cite magazine|first=Joan|last=Goodman|title=Playboy interview: Paul and Linda McCartney|magazine=[[Playboy]]|date=December 1984|page=84}}</ref> McCartney has referred to Harrison as his "baby brother".<ref>{{Cite news|first1=Oliver|last1=Poole|first2=Hugh|last2=Davies|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1363989/Ill-always-love-him-hes-my-baby-brother-says-tearful-McCartney.html|title=I'll always love him, he's my baby brother, says tearful McCartney|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|location=London, England|date=1 December 2001|access-date=22 January 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120507033014/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1363989/Ill-always-love-him-hes-my-baby-brother-says-tearful-McCartney.html|archive-date=7 May 2012}}</ref> In a 1974 BBC radio interview with [[Alan Freeman]], Harrison stated: "[McCartney] ruined me as a guitar player". In the same interview, however, Harrison stated that "I just know that whatever we've been through, there's always been something that's tied us together."{{sfn|Badman|2001|pp=138–139}} Perhaps the most significant obstacle to a Beatles reunion after the death of Lennon was Harrison and McCartney's personal relationship, as both men admitted that they often got on each other's nerves.{{sfn|Gilmore|2002|p=48}} Rodriguez commented: "Even to the end of George's days, theirs was a volatile relationship".{{sfn|Rodriguez|2010|p=24}} When, in a [[Yahoo]] online chat in February 2001, he was asked if Paul "[pisses] you off", Harrison replied "Scan not a friend with a microscopic glass – You know his faults – Then let his foibles pass. Old Victorian Proverb. I'm sure there's enough about me that pisses him off, but I think we have now grown old enough to realize that we're both pretty damn cute!"<ref>{{cite web |url= https://forums.stevehoffman.tv/threads/george-harrison-yahoo-chat-transcript-02-15-2001.11962/ |title= George Harrison Yahoo! Chat Transcript - 02/15/2001 |publisher= Steve Hoffman Music Forums |url-status= live |access-date= 7 November 2022 |archive-date= 7 November 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20221107204625/https://forums.stevehoffman.tv/threads/george-harrison-yahoo-chat-transcript-02-15-2001.11962/ }}</ref>

==Legacy==
{{Main|List of awards and nominations received by George Harrison}}

[[File:George Harrison cu, Pier Head.jpg|thumb|upright=0.5|left|Close-up of Harrison from the Beatles statue at [[Pier Head]], Liverpool]]
In [[1965 Birthday Honours|June 1965]], Harrison and the other Beatles were appointed Members of the Order of the British Empire ([[Order of the British Empire|MBE]]).<ref>{{cite news|work=[[The London Gazette]] (supplement)|title=Most Excellent Order of the British Empire|date=4 June 1965|pages=5487–5489|url= http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/43667/supplements/5488|access-date=11 May 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090111234623/http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/43667/supplements/5488|archive-date=11 January 2009}}</ref> They received their insignia from [[Elizabeth II|the Queen]] at an investiture at Buckingham Palace on 26 October.{{sfn|Lewisohn|1992|pp=203–204}} In 1971, the Beatles received an [[Academy Award]] for the best [[Academy Award for Best Original Score|Original Song Score]] for the film ''[[Let It Be (1970 film)|Let It Be]]''.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Roberts |first=Steven V. |date=1971-04-16 |title=George Scott and 'Patton' Win Oscars |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1971/04/16/archives/george-scott-and-patton-win-oscars-glenda-jackson-is-honored-as.html |url-status=live |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20221125122501/https://www.nytimes.com/1971/04/16/archives/george-scott-and-patton-win-oscars-glenda-jackson-is-honored-as.html |archive-date=2022-11-25 |access-date=2026-04-05 |work=The New York Times |page=22 |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> The minor planet [[4149 Harrison]], discovered in 1984, was named after him,<ref name="planet">{{cite web |url= http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/iau/special/rocknroll/0004149.html |title= (4149) Harrison |publisher= Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100409062610/http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/iau/special/rocknroll/0004149.html |archive-date= 9 April 2010}}</ref> as was a variety of [[Dahlia]] flower.<ref name="dahlia">{{cite web|title=Dahlia Name Origins|url=http://www.dahliaworld.co.uk/dnamesv.htm|publisher=Dahlia World|access-date=3 April 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160420075328/http://www.dahliaworld.co.uk/dnamesv.htm|archive-date=20 April 2016}}</ref> In December 1992, he became the first recipient of the [[Billboard Music Award|Billboard Century Award]], an honour presented to music artists for significant bodies of work.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/yearend/2005/century/archive.jsp |title=Billboard Century Awards&nbsp; Music Artists Biography&nbsp;– Music Artist Interviews |magazine=Billboard |access-date=19 December 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080430083553/http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/yearend/2005/century/archive.jsp |archive-date=30 April 2008}}</ref> The award recognised Harrison's "critical role in laying the groundwork for the modern concept of [[world music]]" and for his having "advanced society's comprehension of the spiritual and altruistic power of popular music".<ref>{{cite magazine|first=Timothy|last=White|title=George Harrison, First Recipient of the Century Award|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|date=5 December 1992|page=21}}</ref> ''Rolling Stone'' magazine ranked him number 11 in their list of the "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time". He is also in number 65 in the list of "100 greatest songwriters of all time" by the same magazine.{{sfn|Petty|2011|p=58}}

In 2002, on the first anniversary of his death, the [[Concert for George]] was held at the [[Royal Albert Hall]]. Eric Clapton organised the event, which included performances by many of Harrison's friends and musical collaborators, including McCartney and Starr.{{sfn|Harry|2003|pp=138–139}} Eric Idle, who described Harrison as "one of the few morally good people that rock and roll has produced", was among the performers of Monty Python's "[[Lumberjack Song]]".<ref>{{harvnb|Doggett|2009|p=262}}: "one of the few morally good people"; {{harvnb|Harry|2003|pp=138–139}}: Eric Idle performed Python's "[[Lumberjack Song]]".</ref> The profits from the concert went to Harrison's charity, the [[Material World Charitable Foundation]].{{sfn|Harry|2003|pp=138–139}}

[[File:Los Angeles (California, USA), Hollywood Boulevard, George Harrison -- 2012 -- 4991.jpg|thumb|right|"George Harrison" Star on the [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]] in Los Angeles]]

In 2004, Harrison was posthumously inducted into the [[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]] as a solo artist by his former bandmates Lynne and Petty, and into the [[List of Madison Square Garden Walk of Fame Inductees|Madison Square Garden Walk of Fame]] in 2006 for the Concert for Bangladesh.<ref>For his posthumous induction into the Madison Square Garden Walk of Fame see: {{cite web |last=Carter |first=Rachel Bonham |url=http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/bangladesh_35176.html |title=George Harrison honoured on 35th anniversary of 'Concert for Bangladesh' |work=UNICEF |date=1 August 2006 |access-date=19 December 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081211010701/http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/bangladesh_35176.html |archive-date=11 December 2008 }}; For his posthumous induction into the [[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]] as a solo artist see: {{cite web |url=http://rockhall.com/inductees/ceremonies/2004/ |title=George Harrison |work=Rock & Roll Hall of Fame |publisher=[[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]] |access-date=25 April 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130505004936/http://www.rockhall.com/inductees/ceremonies/2004/ |archive-date=5 May 2013 }}</ref> On 14 April 2009, the Hollywood Chamber of Commerce awarded Harrison a star on the [[Hollywood Walk of Fame|Walk of Fame]] in front of the [[Capitol Records Building]]. McCartney, Lynne and Petty were present when the star was unveiled. Harrison's widow Olivia, the actor [[Tom Hanks]] and Idle made speeches at the ceremony, and Harrison's son Dhani spoke the Hare Krishna mantra.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/entertainment/george-harrison-honoured-on-hollywood-walk-of-fame-1.832038|title=George Harrison honoured on Hollywood Walk of Fame|date=15 April 2009|access-date=29 December 2012|publisher=CBC News|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130210003344/http://www.cbc.ca/news/arts/music/story/2009/04/15/harrison-george-walk-fame.html|archive-date=10 February 2013}}</ref>

A documentary film titled ''[[George Harrison: Living in the Material World]]'', directed by [[Martin Scorsese]], was released in October 2011. The film features interviews with Olivia and Dhani Harrison, Klaus Voormann, [[Terry Gilliam]], Starr, Clapton, McCartney, Keltner and [[Astrid Kirchherr]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-merseyside-14931924|title=Scorsese's George Harrison film gets Liverpool premiere|work=BBC News|date=15 September 2011|access-date=10 October 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110924144114/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-merseyside-14931924|archive-date=24 September 2011}}</ref>

Harrison was posthumously honoured with [[The Recording Academy]]'s [[Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award]] at the [[Grammy Awards]] in February 2015.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.jambands.com/news/2014/12/28/george-harrison-honored-with-lifetime-achievement-grammy|title=George Harrison Honored with Lifetime Achievement Grammy|publisher=jambands.com|date=28 December 2014|access-date=28 December 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141229014126/http://www.jambands.com/news/2014/12/28/george-harrison-honored-with-lifetime-achievement-grammy|archive-date=29 December 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.grammy.com/news/2015-lifetime-achievement-award-george-harrison|title=2015 Lifetime Achievement Award: George Harrison|publisher=National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences|date=6 February 2015|access-date=28 September 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150929030532/http://www.grammy.com/news/2015-lifetime-achievement-award-george-harrison|archive-date=29 September 2015}}</ref>

An [[Illinois State Historical Society]] marker in [[Benton, Illinois]], commemorates Harrison's visit in the town in 1963 to see his sister, making him the first Beatle to visit the United States.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Marker Details |url=https://www.historyillinois.org/FindAMarker/MarkerDetails.aspx?MarkerID=444 |access-date=16 March 2023 |website=www.historyillinois.org |archive-date=16 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230316201419/https://www.historyillinois.org/FindAMarker/MarkerDetails.aspx?MarkerID=444 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2017, Benton unveiled a commemorative mural along southbound I-57,<ref>{{Cite web |title=George Harrison Commemorative Mural {{!}} Welcome to the City of Benton |url=https://bentonil.com/?page_id=2909 |access-date=16 March 2023 |language=en-US |archive-date=16 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230316201423/https://bentonil.com/?page_id=2909 |url-status=live }}</ref> painted and donated by artist John Cerney.<ref>{{Citation |title=George Harrison Mural by John Cerney [Beatles Tribute on Interstate 57 in the United States] | date=16 October 2017 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P4ELCWk-IZ8 |access-date=16 March 2023 |language=en |archive-date=16 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230316201417/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P4ELCWk-IZ8 |url-status=live }}</ref> Statues of Harrison can be found around the world, including several across his native Liverpool and a [[Bust (sculpture)|bust]] in the Shadhinotar Shagram Triangle Sculpture Garden in [[Dhaka, Bangladesh]], commemorating Harrison's contributions to Bangladeshi culture.

On 24 May 2024 a [[Historic England]] [[blue plaque]] was unveiled at Harrison's childhood home at 12 Arnold Grove in Wavertree by his wife Olivia.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/article/2024/may/24/george-harrison-childhood-home-liverpool-blue-plaque-beatles|title=George Harrison's childhood home in Liverpool gets blue plaque|first1=Robyn|last1=Vinter|date=23 May 2024|newspaper=The Guardian}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indy100.com/news/george-harrisons-widow-hails-plaque-at-his-birthplace-as-source-of-pride|title=George Harrison's widow hails plaque at his birthplace as 'source of pride' &#124; indy100|website=www.indy100.com}}</ref>

==Discography==
{{Main|George Harrison discography|List of songs recorded by George Harrison}}

{{See also|The Beatles albums discography|The Beatles singles discography|Traveling Wilburys#Discography}}
=== Studio albums ===
* ''[[Wonderwall Music]]'' (1968)
* ''[[Electronic Sound]]'' (1969)
* ''[[All Things Must Pass]]'' (1970)
* ''[[Living in the Material World]]'' (1973)
* ''[[Dark Horse (George Harrison album)|Dark Horse]]'' (1974)
* ''[[Extra Texture (Read All About It)]]'' (1975)
* ''[[Thirty Three & 1/3]]'' (1976)
* ''[[George Harrison (album)|George Harrison]]'' (1979)
* ''[[Somewhere in England]]'' (1981)
* ''[[Gone Troppo]]'' (1982)
* ''[[Cloud Nine (George Harrison album)|Cloud Nine]]'' (1987)
* ''[[Brainwashed (George Harrison album)|Brainwashed]]'' (2002)

==See also==
* [[Outline of the Beatles]]
* [[The Beatles timeline]]
* [[Cultural impact of the Beatles]]
* [[List of peace activists]]

==Explanatory notes==
{{Reflist|group=nb}}

== References ==
=== Citations ===
{{Reflist}}

===General and cited sources===
{{Refbegin|25em}}
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* {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GMn4rhg7N9cC|title=50 Years of Gretsch Electrics|first=Tony|last=Bacon|publisher=Backbeat Books|year=2005|isbn=978-0-87930-822-3|access-date=12 March 2016|archive-date=22 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422080802/https://books.google.com/books?id=GMn4rhg7N9cC|url-status=live}}
* {{cite book|last=Badman|first=Keith|title=The Beatles Diary: Volume 2: After the Break-Up: 1970–2001|publisher=Omnibus Press|year=2001|orig-year=1999|isbn=978-0-7119-8307-6}}
* {{cite book|first1=Vladimir|last1=Bogdanov|first2=Chris|last2=Woodstra|first3=Stephen Thomas|last3=Erlewine|title=All Music Guide to Rock|publisher=Backbeat Books|year=2002|isbn=978-0-87930-653-3}}
* {{cite book|last1=Boyd|first1=Pattie|author-link1=Pattie Boyd|last2=with Junor|first2=Penny|year=2007|title=Wonderful Today: The Autobiography|location=London|publisher=Headline Review|isbn=978-0-7553-1646-5|ref={{SfnRef|Boyd|2007}}}}
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* {{cite book|last=Clayson|first=Alan|title=George Harrison|publisher=Sanctuary|location=London|year=2003|isbn=978-1-86074-489-1}}
* {{cite book|editor-last=Cremo|editor-first=Michael A.|title=Chant and Be Happy: The Power of Mantra Meditation|publisher=Bhaktivedanta Book Trust|location=Los Angeles, CA|year=1997|isbn=978-0-89213-118-1|url=https://archive.org/details/chantbehappypowe00acbh}}
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* {{cite book|last=Dawtrey|first=Adam|chapter=Adventures on Screen|editor1-last=Fine|editor1-first=Jason|title=Harrison: By the Editors of Rolling Stone|year=2002|publisher=Simon & Schuster|isbn=978-0-7432-3581-5|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zptfHsXXpCcC|url=https://archive.org/details/harrison00fine}}
* {{cite book|last=Doggett|first=Peter|title=You Never Give Me Your Money: The Beatles After the Breakup|publisher=HarperCollins|year=2009|isbn=978-0-06-177418-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=luOMJFxe-bYC}}
* {{cite book|first1=Peter|last1=Doggett|first2=Sarah|last2=Hodgson|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MiAUF0ea64UC&pg=PT15|title=Christie's Rock and Pop Memorabilia|publisher=Pavilion|year=2004|isbn=978-0-8230-0649-6}}
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* {{cite book|last=Fricke|first=David|chapter=The Stories Behind the Songs|editor1-last=Fine|editor1-first=Jason|title=Harrison: By the Editors of Rolling Stone|year=2002|publisher=Simon & Schuster|isbn=978-0-7432-3581-5|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zptfHsXXpCcC|url=https://archive.org/details/harrison00fine}}
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* {{cite book|last=Gilmore|first=Mikal|chapter=The Mystery Inside George|editor1-last=Fine|editor1-first=Jason|title=Harrison: By the Editors of Rolling Stone|year=2002|publisher=Simon & Schuster|isbn=978-0-7432-3581-5|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zptfHsXXpCcC|url=https://archive.org/details/harrison00fine}}
* {{cite book|last1=Giuliano|first1=Geoffrey|last2=Giuliano|first2=Brenda|year=1998|title=The Lost Lennon Interviews|publisher=Omnibus Press|isbn=978-0-7119-6470-9}}
* {{cite journal|last=Glazer|first=Mitchell|title=Growing Up at 33⅓: The George Harrison Interview|journal=Crawdaddy|year=1977|issue=February}}
* {{cite book|last=Gould|first=Jonathan|title=Can't Buy Me Love: The Beatles, Britain and America|year=2007|publisher=Three Rivers Press|edition=First Paperback|isbn=978-0-307-35338-2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gTAjZ235qfsC|access-date=12 March 2016|archive-date=21 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230121092518/https://books.google.com/books?id=gTAjZ235qfsC|url-status=live}}
* {{cite book|last=Greene|first=Joshua M.|title=Here Comes the Sun: The Spiritual and Musical Journey of George Harrison|publisher=John Wiley and Sons|year=2006|isbn=978-0-470-12780-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BSZtZUWge-IC|access-date=12 March 2016|archive-date=22 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422080802/https://books.google.com/books?id=BSZtZUWge-IC|url-status=live}}
* {{cite book|last=Harrison|first=George|title=I, Me, Mine|year=2002|orig-year=1980|publisher=Phoenix|isbn=978-0-7538-1734-6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0S-BW0YJQ-0C}}
* {{cite book|last=Harrison|first=Olivia|title=George Harrison: Living in the Material World|publisher=Abrams|year=2011|isbn=978-1-4197-0220-4}}
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* {{cite book|last=Li|first=Christopher|year=2019|title=George Harrison und die Komplementarität von 'Ost' und 'West' |publisher=Tectum Verlag|location=Baden-Baden|isbn=978-3-8288-4411-7}}
* {{cite book|last=MacDonald|first=Ian|author-link=Ian MacDonald|year=1998|title=Revolution in the Head: The Beatles' Records and the Sixties|publisher=Pimlico|location=London|isbn=978-0-7126-6697-8}}
* {{cite book|last=Matovina|first=Dan|title=Without You: The Tragic Story of Badfinger|publisher=Frances Glover Books|year=2000|isbn=978-0-9657122-2-4}}
* {{cite book|last=Miles|first=Barry|title=Many Years From Now|publisher=[[Vintage Books|Vintage]]-[[Random House]]|year=1997|isbn=978-0-436-28022-1|title-link=Many Years From Now}}
* {{cite book|last=Miles|first=Barry|author-link=Barry Miles|title=The Beatles Diary: An Intimate Day by Day History|year=2007|publisher=World Publications Group|isbn=978-1-57215-010-2}}
* {{cite book|last=Miles|first=Barry|title=The Beatles Diary: Volume 1: The Beatles Years|publisher=Omnibus Press|year=2001|isbn=978-0-7119-8308-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=trRB-lo4qR8C|access-date=12 March 2016|archive-date=21 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230121092521/https://books.google.com/books?id=trRB-lo4qR8C|url-status=live}}
* {{cite book|last=Norman|first=Philip|title=Paul McCartney, the Biography|year=2017|location=London|publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson|isbn=978-1-780-22640-8}}
* {{cite book|last=Partridge|first=Christopher|year=2004|title=The Re-enchantment of the West: Alternative Spiritualities, Sacralisation, Popular Culture, and Occulture, Vol. 1|edition=illustrated|publisher=Continuum|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g05THJPH5xUC&pg=PA153|isbn=978-0-567-08408-8|access-date=24 December 2020|archive-date=22 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422080804/https://books.google.com/books?id=g05THJPH5xUC&pg=PA153|url-status=live}}
* {{cite magazine|last=Petty|first=Tom|title=Rolling Stone: The 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time: George Harrison|editor1-last=Wenner|editor1-first=Jann|magazine=Rolling Stone|issue=1145|date=8 December 2011|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/100-greatest-guitarists-20111123/george-harrison-20111122|access-date=28 August 2017|archive-date=24 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224020152/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/100-greatest-guitarists-20111123/george-harrison-20111122|url-status=dead}}
* {{cite book|editor1-last=Roberts|editor1-first=David|title=British Hit Singles & Albums |publisher=Guinness World Records Limited |edition=18 |year=2005 |isbn=978-1-904994-00-8}}
* {{cite book|title=Fab Four FAQ 2.0: The Beatles' Solo Years, 1970–1980|last=Rodriguez|first=Robert|publisher=Backbeat Books|year=2010|isbn=978-1-4165-9093-4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ogTOR_bfXXkC|access-date=12 March 2016|archive-date=22 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422080805/https://books.google.com/books?id=ogTOR_bfXXkC|url-status=live}}
* {{cite magazine|last=Rosen|first=Craig|editor1-last=Lukas|editor1-first=Paul|year=1996|title=The Billboard Book of Number One Albums|magazine=Billboard|isbn=978-0-8230-7586-7}}
* {{cite book|last=Schaffner|first=Nicholas|title=The Beatles Forever|publisher=Mcgraw-Hill|year=1978|isbn=978-0-07-055087-2|url=https://archive.org/details/beatlesforever00scha}}
* {{cite book|last=Schaffner|first=Nicholas|title=The Boys from Liverpool: John, Paul, George, and Ringo|publisher=Taylor & Francis|year=1980|isbn=978-0-416-30661-3|url=https://archive.org/details/boysfromliverpoo00scha}}
* {{cite book|last1=Schinder|first1=Scott|last2=Schwartz|first2=Andy|title=Icons of Rock: An Encyclopedia of the Legends who Changed Music Forever|publisher=Greenwood Press|year=2008|isbn=978-0-313-33845-8|url=https://archive.org/details/iconsofrockencyc0000schi|url-access=registration}}
* {{cite book|last=Sellers|first=Robert|date=2013|title=Very Naughty Boys: The Amazing True Stories of HandMade Films|location=London|publisher=Titan Books|isbn=978-1-78116-708-3}}
* {{cite book|last=Sheff|first=David|editor1-last=Golson|editor1-first=G. Barry|year=1981|edition=2000|title=All We Are Saying: The Last Major Interview with John Lennon and Yoko Ono|publisher=St Martin's Griffin|isbn=978-0-312-25464-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HL7X-YyrINUC}}
* {{cite book|last=Smith|first=Richard|title=The History of Rickenbacker Guitars|publisher=Centerstream Publications|year=1987|isbn=978-0-931759-15-4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NlscjoFVcs0C|access-date=12 March 2016|archive-date=22 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422080804/https://books.google.com/books?id=NlscjoFVcs0C|url-status=live}}
* {{cite book|last1=Spignesi|first1=Stephen|last2=Lewis|first2=Michael|title=100 Best Beatles Songs: A Passionate Fan's Guide|year=2009|publisher=Black Dog & Leventhal|isbn=978-1-57912-842-5}}
* {{cite book|last=Spitz|first=Bob|title=The Beatles: The Biography|publisher=[[Little, Brown and Company]]|year=2005|isbn=978-0-316-01331-4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=70UqHoozgi0C|access-date=12 March 2016|archive-date=22 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422080804/https://books.google.com/books?id=70UqHoozgi0C|url-status=live}}
* {{cite book |last=Strong |first=Martin |year=2004 |title=The Great Rock Discography |publisher=Canongate |edition=7th |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_WoRAPJQ58sC |isbn=978-1-84195-615-2 |access-date=24 December 2020 |archive-date=22 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122041057/https://books.google.com/books?id=_WoRAPJQ58sC |url-status=live }}
* {{cite book|last=Sullivan|first=Steve|title=Encyclopedia of Great Popular Song Recordings, Volume 2|publisher=Scarecrow Press|location=Lanham, MD|year=2013|isbn=978-0-8108-8296-6}}
* {{cite book|last=Tillery|first=Gary|title=Working Class Mystic: A Spiritual Biography of George Harrison|year=2011|publisher=Quest|isbn=978-0-8356-0900-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ajhTvx3NQPYC}}
* {{cite book|last=Unterberger|first=Richie|title=Turn! Turn! Turn!: The '60s Folk-rock Revolution|publisher=Backbeat Books|year=2002|isbn=978-0-87930-703-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aO4yVYsXu5MC|access-date=12 March 2016|archive-date=22 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422080821/https://books.google.com/books?id=aO4yVYsXu5MC|url-status=live}}
* {{cite book|last=Williams|first=Paul|title=Bob Dylan: Performing Artist 1986–1990 & Beyond: Mind Out of Time|publisher=Omnibus Press|year=2004|isbn=978-1-84449-281-7|url=https://archive.org/details/bobdylanperformi00will}}
* {{cite book|last=Winn|first=John|year=2009|title=That Magic Feeling: The Beatles' Recorded Legacy, Volume Two, 1966–1970|publisher=Three Rivers Press|isbn=978-0-307-45239-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LdsMqbAQJWgC}}
* {{cite book|last=Woffinden|first=Bob|author-link=Bob Woffinden|title=The Beatles Apart|publisher=Proteus|location=London|year=1981|isbn=978-0-906071-89-2}}
* {{cite book|last=Womack|first=Kenneth|year=2007|title=Long and Winding Roads: The Evolving Artistry of the Beatles|publisher= Continuum|isbn=978-0-8264-1746-6}}
* {{cite book|last=Womack|first=Kenneth|chapter=Ten Great Beatles Moments|editor1-last=Skinner Sawyers|editor1-first=June|title=Read the Beatles: Classic and New Writings on the Beatles, Their Legacy, and Why They Still Matter|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EIgR8wbhPDoC|publisher=Penguin Books|year=2006|orig-year=2002|isbn=978-0-14-303732-3|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780143037323}}
* {{cite book|last1=Womack|first1=Kenneth|last2=Davis|first2=Todd F.|date=2012|title=Reading the Beatles: Cultural Studies, Literary Criticism, and the Fab Four|publisher=SUNY Press|isbn=978-0-7914-8196-7}}
* {{cite book|last=Zolten|first=Jerry|chapter=The Beatles as recording artists|editor-first=Kenneth |editor-last=Womack |title=The Cambridge Companion to the Beatles|series=[[Cambridge Companions to Music]]|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge, UK|year=2009|isbn=978-1-1398-2806-2}}
{{Refend}}

==Further reading==
{{Refbegin}}
* {{cite book |ref=none |last=Martin |first=George |author-link=George Martin |year=1979 |title=All You Need Is Ears |url=https://archive.org/details/allyouneedisears00mart |url-access=registration |publisher=[[St. Martin's Press|St. Martin's]] |isbn=978-0-312-11482-4}}
* {{cite book |ref=none |last1=Martin |first1=George |last2=Pearson |first2=William |year=1994 |title=Summer of Love: The Making of Sgt. Pepper |publisher=[[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] |isbn=978-0-333-60398-7}}
* {{cite book |ref=none |last1=Kirchherr |first1=Astrid |author-link1=Astrid Kirchherr |last2=Voormann |first2=Klaus |author-link2=Klaus Voormann |year=1999 |title=Hamburg Days |publisher=[[Genesis Publications|Genesis]] |isbn=978-0-904351-73-6}}
* {{cite book |ref=none |last=Barrow |first=Tony |author-link=Tony Barrow |year=2005 |title=John, Paul, George, Ringo & Me: The Real Beatles Story |publisher=[[Thunder's Mouth Press|Thunder's Mouth]] |isbn=978-1-56025-882-7}}
* {{cite book |ref=none |last=Unterberger |first=Richie |author-link=Richie Unterberger |title=The Unreleased Beatles: Music & Film |publisher=[[Backbeat Books|Backbeat]] |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-87930-892-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V-vNuvFrplcC |access-date=12 March 2016 |archive-date=22 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422080805/https://books.google.com/books?id=V-vNuvFrplcC |url-status=live}}
* {{cite book |ref=none |last=Ingham |first=Chris |title=The Rough Guide to the Beatles: The Story, the Songs, the Solo Years |publisher=[[Rough Guides]] |year=2009 |edition=3rd |isbn=978-1-84353-140-1}}
* {{Cite book |ref=none |last=Badgley |first=Aaron |author-link=Aaron Badgley |title=[[Dark Horse Records: The Story of George Harrison's Post-Beatles Record Label]] |publisher=Sonicbond |year=2023 |isbn=978-1-78952-287-7}}
{{Refend}}

===Documentaries===
{{Refbegin}}
* {{cite video |last=Scorsese |first=Martin |year=2012 |title=George Harrison: Living in the Material World |format=Anamorphic, Color, Dolby, NTSC, Surround Sound, Widescreen |medium=DVD |publisher=UMe |asin=B007JWKLMO |url=http://www.hbo.com/documentaries/george-harrison-living-in-the-material-world/index.html |access-date=1 January 2013 |archive-date=16 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116210312/http://www.hbo.com/documentaries/george-harrison-living-in-the-material-world/index.html |url-status=live}}
{{refend}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|George Harrison}}
{{Wikiquote}} 
* [https://texasarchive.org/2010_03458 George Harrison 1974 concert in Fort Worth] from [[Texas Archive of the Moving Image]]
* {{allMusic|artist/george-harrison-mn0000209142}}
* [https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/george-harrisons-greatest-musical-moments-20011205/ "George Harrison's Greatest Musical Moments"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171204111830/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/george-harrisons-greatest-musical-moments-20011205 |date=4 December 2017 }}&nbsp;– ''Rolling Stone''
* {{Rockhall}}
* [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1363966/George-Harrison.html "George Harrison"]&nbsp;– ''Daily Telegraph'' obituary
* {{HWOF|george-harrison}}
* {{IMDb name|id=0365600|name=George Harrison}}
* {{Tcmdb name|id=81923{{!}}58733|name=George Harrison}}
* [[BBC News]]:
** [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/music/1492446.stm "George Harrison dies"]
** [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/music/1430259.stm "George Harrison: Life in pictures"]
** [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/583411.stm "George Harrison: The quiet Beatle"]

{{George Harrison}}
{{George Harrison singles}}
{{Navboxes
| title = [[List of awards and nominations received by George Harrison|Awards for George Harrison]]
| list  =
{{AcademyAwardBestOriginalScore 1961–1980}}
{{Grammy Award for Album of the Year}}
{{Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack for Visual Media}}
{{Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award}}
{{1988 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame}}
{{2004 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame}}
{{UK best-selling singles (by year) 1970–1989}}
}}
{{The Beatles}}
{{Wilburys}}
{{Plastic Ono Band}}
{{Ravi Shankar}}
{{HandMade Films}}
{{Vegetarianism}}
{{Portal bar|Music|Biography|Hinduism|England|United States}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Harrison, George}}
[[Category:George Harrison| ]]
[[Category:1943 births]]
[[Category:2001 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century English guitarists]]
[[Category:21st-century English guitarists]]
[[Category:20th-century English male singers]]
[[Category:21st-century English male singers]]
[[Category:20th-century English singer-songwriters]]
[[Category:21st-century English singer-songwriters]]
[[Category:20th-century Hindus]]
[[Category:21st-century Hindus]]
[[Category:Apple Records artists]]
[[Category:Beat musicians]]
[[Category:Best Original Music Score Academy Award winners]]
[[Category:Capitol Records artists]]
[[Category:Converts to Hinduism from Catholicism]]
[[Category:Dark Horse Records artists]]
[[Category:Deaths from lung cancer in California]]
[[Category:Devotees of Paramahansa Yogananda]]
[[Category:EMI Records artists]]
[[Category:English autobiographers]]
[[Category:English experimental musicians]]
[[Category:English film producers]]
[[Category:English former Christians]]
[[Category:English Hindus]]
[[Category:English male guitarists]]
[[Category:English male singer-songwriters]]
[[Category:English multi-instrumentalists]]
[[Category:English people convicted of drug offences]]
[[Category:English people of Irish descent]]
[[Category:English pop guitarists]]
[[Category:English pop rock singers]]
[[Category:English male pop singers]]
[[Category:English record producers]]
[[Category:English rock guitarists]]
[[Category:English male rock singers]]
[[Category:English rock keyboardists]]
[[Category:English pop keyboardists]]
[[Category:British ukulele players]]
[[Category:English vegetarianism activists]]
[[Category:English yogis]]
[[Category:British fingerstyle guitarists]]
[[Category:Family of George Harrison|George]]
[[Category:Grammy Award winners]]
[[Category:Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award winners]]
[[Category:International Society for Krishna Consciousness]]
[[Category:Ivor Novello Award winners]]
[[Category:English lead guitarists]]
[[Category:Members of the Order of the British Empire]]
[[Category:Musicians from Liverpool]]
[[Category:Parlophone artists]]
[[Category:People educated at Liverpool Institute High School for Boys]]
[[Category:People from Speke]]
[[Category:People from Wavertree]]
[[Category:Performers of Hindu music]]
[[Category:Plastic Ono Band members]]
[[Category:Pupils of Ravi Shankar]]
[[Category:Singers from Liverpool]]
[[Category:British sitar players]]
[[Category:British slide guitarists]]
[[Category:Sound collage artists]]
[[Category:Swan Records artists]]
[[Category:The Beatles members]]
[[Category:The Quarrymen members]]
[[Category:Tobacco-related deaths]]
[[Category:Transcendental Meditation exponents]]
[[Category:Traveling Wilburys members]]
[[Category:Vee-Jay Records artists]]
[[Category:Warner Music Group artists]]