View source for Hayao Miyazaki

{{Short description|Japanese animator and artist (born 1941)}}
{{Good article}}
{{Use American English|date=September 2024}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2025}}
{{Use shortened footnotes|date=February 2026}}
{{Infobox person
| name             = Hayao Miyazaki
| image            = File:HayaoMiyazakiCCJuly09.jpg
| caption          = Miyazaki in 2009
| native_name      = {{nobold|宮崎 駿}}
| native_name_lang = ja
| birth_date       = {{Birth date and age|1941|1|5}}
| birth_place      = [[Tokyo City]], [[Empire of Japan]]
| occupation       = {{hlist|Animator|filmmaker|screenwriter|author|[[manga artist]]}}
| years_active     = 1963–present
| other_names      = {{ubl|{{Nihongo|Akitsu Saburō|秋津 三朗}}|{{nihongo|Teruki Tsutomu|照樹 務}}}}
| employer         = {{idp|
* [[Toei Animation]] (1963–71)
* [[Shin-Ei Animation|A-Pro]] (1971–73)
* [[Zuiyo|Zuiyō Eizō]] (1973–75)
* [[Nippon Animation]] (1975–79)
* [[Tokyo Movie Shinsha]] (1979–82)
* [[Topcraft]] (1982–85)
* [[Studio Ghibli]] (1985–present)}}
| title            = Honorary chairman
| alma_mater       = [[Gakushuin University]]
| spouse           = {{marriage|Akemi Ōta|October 1965}}
| children         = 2, including [[Goro Miyazaki|Goro]]
| relatives        = {{nowrap|[[Daisuke Tsutsumi]] (nephew-in-law)}}
| signature        = Hayao Miyazaki signature.svg
| module           = {{Infobox Japanese
| kanji    = 宮崎 駿
| romaji   = Miyazaki Hayao
| hiragana = みやざき はやお
| katakana = ミヤザキ ハヤオ
}}
}}

{{Nihongo|'''Hayao Miyazaki'''|宮崎 駿 {{lang|en|or}} 宮﨑 駿|Miyazaki Hayao|{{IPA|ja|mijaꜜzaki hajao|}}; born January 5, 1941}} is a Japanese animator, filmmaker, and [[manga artist]]. He co-founded [[Studio Ghibli]] and serves as its honorary chairman. Throughout his career, Miyazaki has attained international acclaim as a masterful storyteller and creator of [[Anime|Japanese animated]] feature films, and is widely regarded as one of the most influential and accomplished filmmakers in the [[history of animation]].

Born in [[Tokyo City]], Miyazaki expressed interest in manga and animation from an early age. He joined [[Toei Animation]] in 1963, working as an [[inbetween artist]] and [[Key frame|key animator]] on films like ''[[Gulliver's Travels Beyond the Moon]]'' (1965), ''[[The Great Adventure of Horus, Prince of the Sun]]'' (1968), and ''[[Animal Treasure Island]]'' (1971), before moving to [[Shin-Ei Animation|A-Pro]] in 1971, where he co-directed ''[[Lupin the Third Part I]]'' (1971–1972) alongside [[Isao Takahata]]. After moving to [[Zuiyo|Zuiyō Eizō]] (later [[Nippon Animation]]) in 1973, Miyazaki worked as an animator on ''[[World Masterpiece Theater]]'' and directed the television series ''[[Future Boy Conan]]'' (1978). He joined [[Tokyo Movie Shinsha]] in 1979 to direct [[List of directorial debuts|his first]] feature film ''[[The Castle of Cagliostro]]'' (1979) and the television series ''[[Sherlock Hound]]'' (1984–1985). He wrote and illustrated the manga ''[[Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind (manga)|Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind]]'' (1982–1994) and directed the [[Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind (film)|1984 film adaptation]] produced by [[Topcraft]].

Miyazaki co-founded Studio Ghibli in 1985, writing and directing films such as ''[[Laputa: Castle in the Sky]]'' (1986), ''[[My Neighbor Totoro]]'' (1988), ''[[Kiki's Delivery Service]]'' (1989), and ''[[Porco Rosso]]'' (1992), which were met with critical and commercial success in Japan. Miyazaki's ''[[Princess Mononoke]]'' (1997) was the first animated film to win the [[Japan Academy Film Prize for Picture of the Year]] and briefly became the [[List of highest-grossing films in Japan|highest-grossing film in Japan]]; its [[Western world|Western]] distribution increased Ghibli's worldwide popularity and influence. ''[[Spirited Away]]'' (2001) became Japan's highest-grossing film and won the [[Academy Award for Best Animated Feature]]; it is frequently ranked among the greatest films of the 21st century. Miyazaki's later films—''[[Howl's Moving Castle (film)|Howl's Moving Castle]]'' (2004), ''[[Ponyo]]'' (2008), and ''[[The Wind Rises]]'' (2013)—also enjoyed critical and commercial success. He retired from feature films in 2013 but later returned to make ''[[The Boy and the Heron]]'' (2023), which won the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature.

[[List of works by Hayao Miyazaki|Miyazaki's works]] are frequently [[Hayao Miyazaki bibliography|subject to scholarly analysis]] and have been characterized by the recurrence of themes such as humanity's relationship with [[nature]] and technology, the importance of art and craftsmanship, and the difficulty of maintaining a [[pacifist]] ethic in a violent world. His protagonists are often strong girls or young women, and several of his films present morally ambiguous antagonists with redeeming qualities. Miyazaki's works have been highly praised and [[List of accolades received by Hayao Miyazaki|awarded]]; he was named a [[Person of Cultural Merit]] for outstanding cultural contributions in 2012, received the [[Academy Honorary Award]] for his impact on animation and cinema in 2014, and the [[Ramon Magsaysay Award]] in 2024. Miyazaki has frequently been cited as an inspiration for numerous animators, directors, and writers.

== Early life ==
Hayao Miyazaki was born on January 5, 1941, in the town Akebono-cho in [[Hongō]], [[Tokyo City]], [[Empire of Japan]], the second of four sons.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=11}}{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=435}}{{sfn|Talbot|2005}}{{notetag|Miyazaki's brothers are Arata (born July 1939), Yutaka (born January 1944), and Shirou (born 1945).{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=11}}{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=26}} Influenced by their father, Miyazaki's brothers went into business, which gave Miyazaki a "strong motivation to succeed at animation" according to his son [[Goro Miyazaki|Goro]].{{sfn|Talbot|2005}}}} His father, Katsuji Miyazaki (born 1915),{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=11}} was the director of [[Miyazaki Airplane]], his brother's company,{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|pp=11–12}} which manufactured rudders for fighter planes during [[World War II]].{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=26}} The business allowed his family to remain affluent during Miyazaki's early life.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1988}}{{notetag|Miyazaki admitted later in life that he felt guilty over his family's profiting from the war and their subsequent affluent lifestyle.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=12}}}} Miyazaki's father enjoyed purchasing paintings and demonstrating them to guests, but otherwise had little known artistic understanding.{{sfn|Talbot|2005}} He was in the [[Imperial Japanese Army]] around 1940, discharged and lectured about disloyalty after declaring to his commanding officer that he wished not to fight because of his wife and young child.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=208}} According to Miyazaki, his father often told him about his exploits, claiming he continued to attend nightclubs after turning 70.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=209}} Katsuji Miyazaki died on March 18, 1993.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=60}} After his death, Miyazaki felt he had often looked at his father negatively and that he had never said anything "lofty or inspiring".{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=209}} He regretted not having a serious discussion with his father, and felt he had inherited his "anarchistic feelings and his lack of concern about embracing contradictions".{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=209}}

[[File:Hayao and Yoshiko Miyazaki.png|thumb|left|Several characters from Miyazaki's films were inspired by his mother Yoshiko.{{notetag|name=Yoshiko}}]]

Some of Miyazaki's earliest memories are of "bombed-out cities".{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=239}} In 1944, when he was three years old, Miyazaki's family evacuated to [[Utsunomiya]].{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=26}} After [[Bombing of Utsunomiya|the city was bombed]] in July 1945, they evacuated to [[Kanuma, Tochigi|Kanuma]].{{sfn|Miyazaki|1988}} The bombing left a lasting impression on Miyazaki, then aged four.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1988}} As a child, he suffered from digestive problems, and was told he would not live beyond 20, making him feel like an [[Outcast (person)|outcast]];{{sfn|Han|2020}}{{sfn|Arakawa|2019|loc=14:00}} he considered himself "clumsy and weak", protected at school by his older brother.{{sfn|Berton|2020|p=11}} From 1947 to 1955, Miyazaki's mother Yoshiko suffered from [[spinal tuberculosis]]; she spent the first few years in hospital before being nursed from home,{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=26}} forcing Miyazaki and his siblings to take over domestic duties.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=14}} Yoshiko was frugal,{{sfn|Talbot|2005}} and described as a strict, intellectual woman who regularly questioned "socially accepted norms".{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|pp=11–12}} She was closest with Miyazaki, and had a strong influence on him and his later work,{{sfn|Talbot|2005}} inspiring several of his characters.{{sfn|Han|2020}}{{sfn|Schley|2023}}{{notetag|name=Yoshiko|Miyazaki based the character Captain Dola from ''[[Laputa: Castle in the Sky]]'' on his mother, noting "My mom had four boys, but none of us dared oppose her".{{sfn|Bayle|2017}} Other characters inspired by Miyazaki's mother include: Yasuko from ''[[My Neighbor Totoro]]'', who watches over her children while suffering from illness; Sophie from ''[[Howl's Moving Castle (film)|Howl's Moving Castle]]'', who is a strong-minded and kind woman;{{sfn|Arakawa|2019|loc=23:28}} and Toki from ''[[Ponyo]]''.{{sfn|Han|2020}}{{sfn|Arakawa|2019|loc=29:51}}}} Yoshiko Miyazaki died in July 1983 at the age of 72.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=40}}{{sfn|Arakawa|2019|loc=21:82}}

Miyazaki began school as an evacuee in 1947,{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=26}} at an elementary school in Utsunomiya, completing the first through third grades.{{sfn|Miyazaki|2009|p=431}} After his family moved back to [[Suginami-ku]] in 1950,{{sfn|Miyazaki|2009|p=431}}{{sfn|Berton|2020|p=11}} Miyazaki completed the fourth grade at Ōmiya Elementary School, and fifth grade at Eifuku Elementary School, which was newly established after splitting off from Ōmiya Elementary. After graduating from Eifuku as part of the first graduating class,{{sfn|Miyazaki|2009|p=431}} he attended [[:ja:杉並区立大宮中学校|Ōmiya Junior High School]].{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|pp=12–13}} He aspired to become a manga artist,{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=27}} but discovered he could not draw people; instead, he drew planes, tanks, and battleships for several years.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=27}} Miyazaki was influenced by several manga artists, such as [[Tetsuji Fukushima]], [[:ja:山川惣治|Soji Yamakawa]] and [[Osamu Tezuka]]. Miyazaki destroyed much of his early work, believing it was "bad form" to copy Tezuka's style as it was hindering his own development as an artist.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=193}}{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=28}}{{sfn|Comic Box|1982|p=80}} He preferred to see artists like Tezuka as fellow artists rather than idols to worship.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=28}} Around this time, Miyazaki often saw movies with his father, who was an avid moviegoer; memorable films for Miyazaki include ''[[Repast (film)|Meshi]]'' (1951) and ''Tasogare Sakaba'' (1955).{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=436}}

After graduating from Ōmiya Junior High, Miyazaki attended Toyotama High School.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=436}} During his third and final year, Miyazaki's interest in animation was sparked by ''[[The White Snake Enchantress (film)|The White Snake Enchantress]]'' (1958),{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=15}} Japan's first feature-length animated film in color;{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=436}} he had sneaked out to watch the film instead of studying for his [[entrance exam]]s.{{sfn|Talbot|2005}} Miyazaki later recounted that, falling in love with its heroine, the film moved him to tears and left a profound impression, prompting him to create work true to his own feelings instead of imitating popular trends;{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=29}}{{sfn|Miyazaki|2009|p=70}} he wrote the film's "pure, earnest world" promoted a side of him that "yearned desperately to affirm the world rather than negate it".{{sfn|Miyazaki|2009|p=70}} After graduating from Toyotama, Miyazaki attended [[Gakushuin University]] in the department of [[political economy]], majoring in Japanese Industrial Theory;{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=436}} he considered himself a poor student as he instead focused on art.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=15}} He joined the "Children's Literature Research Club", the "closest thing back then to a comics club";{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=16}} he was sometimes the sole member of the club.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=436}} In his free time, Miyazaki would visit his art teacher from middle school and sketch in his studio, where the two would drink and "talk about politics, life, all sorts of things".{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=200}} Around this time, he also drew manga; he never completed any stories, but accumulated thousands of pages of the beginnings of stories. He also frequently approached manga publishers to license their stories. In 1960, Miyazaki was a bystander during the [[Anpo protests]], having developed an interest after seeing photographs in ''[[Asahi Graph]]''; by that point, he was too late to participate in the demonstrations.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=436}} Miyazaki graduated from Gakushuin in 1963 with degrees in [[political science]] and [[economics]].{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=16}}
{{Clear}}

== Career ==
=== Early career ===
[[File:Isao Takahata.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1|Miyazaki first worked with [[Isao Takahata]] ''(pictured)'' in 1964, spawning a lifelong collaboration and friendship.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=30}}{{sfn|Batkin|2017|p=141}}{{sfn|Mahmood|2018}}|alt=Isao Takahata]]

In 1963, Miyazaki was employed at [[Toei Doga]];{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=30}}{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=16}} this was the last year the company hired regularly.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=437}} He began renting a four-and-a-half ''[[tatami]]'' (<!--2 tatami = 1 tsubo-->{{convert|2.25|tsubo|m2 sqft|disp=out}}) apartment in [[Nerima]], Tokyo, near Toei's studio; the rent was {{JPY|6000}},{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=437}}{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=30}} while his salary at Toei was {{JPY|19,500}}.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=437}}{{notetag|During his three-month training period at Toei Doga, Miyazaki's salary was {{JPY|18,000}}.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=437}}}} Miyazaki worked as an [[inbetween artist]] on the theatrical feature films ''[[Doggie March]]'' (1963) and ''[[Gulliver's Travels Beyond the Moon]]'' (1965) and the television anime ''[[Wolf Boy Ken]]'' (1963).{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=217}} His proposed changes to the ending of ''Gulliver's Travels Beyond the Moon'' were accepted by its director; he was uncredited but his work was praised.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|pp=18–19}} Miyazaki found inbetween art unsatisfying and wanted to work on more expressive designs.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=17}} He was a leader in a labor dispute soon after his arrival at Toei, and became chief secretary of its labor union in 1964;{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=30}} its vice-chairman was [[Isao Takahata]], with whom Miyazaki would form a lifelong collaboration and friendship.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=17}}{{sfn|Mahmood|2018}} Around this time, Miyazaki questioned his career choice and considered leaving the industry; a screening of ''[[The Snow Queen (1957 film)|The Snow Queen]]'' in 1964 moved him, prompting him to continue working "with renewed determination".{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=18}}

During production of the anime series ''[[Shōnen Ninja Kaze no Fujimaru]]'' (1964–1965), Miyazaki moved from inbetween art to [[Key frame|key animation]],{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|pp=217–218}} and worked in the latter role on two episodes of ''[[Sally the Witch]]'' (1966–1968) and several of ''[[Hustle Punch]]'' (1965–1966) and ''[[Rainbow Sentai Robin]]'' (1966–1967).{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=37}}{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=218}}{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=19}} Concerned that opportunities for creative projects and feature films would become scarce following an increase in animated television, Miyazaki volunteered in 1964 to work on the film ''[[The Great Adventure of Horus, Prince of the Sun]]'' (1968);{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=31}}{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=19}} he was key animator, concept artist, and scene designer,{{sfn|Lamarre|2009|pp=56ff}} credited as the latter.{{sfn|Greenberg|2018|p=17}} On the film, he worked closely with his mentor, [[Yasuo Ōtsuka]], whose approach to animation profoundly influenced Miyazaki's work.{{sfn|Lamarre|2009|pp=56ff}} Directed by Takahata, the film was highly praised and deemed a pivotal work in the evolution of animation,{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=38}}{{sfn|Anime News Network|2001}}{{sfn|Drazen|2002|pp=254ff}} though its limited release and minimal promotion led to disappointing box office results{{sfn|Greenberg|2018|p=17}}—among Toei Animation's worst, which threatened the studio financially.{{sfn|Berton|2020|p=14}} Miyazaki moved to a residence in [[Higashimurayama]] after his wedding in October 1965,{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=20}} to [[Ōizumigakuenchō]] after the birth of his second son in April 1969,{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=438}} and to [[Tokorozawa]] in 1970.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=438}}

Miyazaki provided key animation for ''[[The Wonderful World of Puss 'n Boots]]'' (1969), directed by [[Kimio Yabuki]].{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=219}} He created a 12-chapter manga series as a promotional [[tie-in]] for the film; the series ran in the Sunday edition of ''[[Tokyo Shimbun]]'' from January to March 1969.{{sfn|Comic Box|1982|p=111}}{{sfn|''Animage''|1983}} Miyazaki later proposed scenes in the screenplay for ''[[Flying Phantom Ship]]'' (1969) in which military tanks would cause mass hysteria in downtown Tokyo, and was hired to storyboard and animate the scenes.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=22}} Beginning a shift towards slow-paced productions featuring mostly female protagonists,{{sfn|Greenberg|2018|p=31}} he provided key animation for ''[[Moomin (1969 TV series)|Moomin]]'' (1969), two episodes of ''[[Himitsu no Akko-chan]]'' (1969–1970),{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=39}}{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=219}} and one episode of ''[[Sarutobi Ecchan]]'' (1971), and was organizer and key animator for ''[[Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves (1971 film)|Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves]]'' (1971).{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=220}} Under the [[pseudonym]] {{Nihongo|Akitsu Saburō|秋津 三朗}}, Miyazaki wrote and illustrated the [[manga]] ''[[Sabaku no Tami|People of the Desert]]'', published in 26 installments between September 1969 and March 1970 in {{Nihongo|''Boys and Girls Newspaper''|少年少女新聞 |Shōnen shōjo shinbun}}.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=438}} He was influenced by illustrated stories such as Fukushima's {{Nihongo|''Evil Lord of the Desert''|沙漠の魔王|Sabaku no maō}}.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=194}} In 1971, Miyazaki developed structure, characters, and designs for [[Hiroshi Ikeda (director)|Hiroshi Ikeda]]'s adaptation of ''[[Animal Treasure Island]]'',{{sfn|Comic Box|1982|p=111}}{{sfn|''Animage''|1983}}{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=27, 219}} providing key animation and script development.{{sfn|Greenberg|2018|p=26}} He created the 13-part manga adaptation, printed in ''Tokyo Shimbun'' from January to March 1971.{{sfn|Comic Box|1982|p=111}}{{sfn|''Animage''|1983}}{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=27, 219}}

=== A-Pro and Nippon Animation ===
Miyazaki left Toei Animation in August 1971,{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=39}} having become dissatisfied by the lack of creative prospects and autonomy, and by confrontations with management regarding ''The Great Adventure of Horus''.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=24}} He followed Takahata and [[Yōichi Kotabe]] to [[Shin-Ei Animation|A-Pro]],{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=39}} where he directed, or co-directed with Takahata, 17 of the 23 episodes of ''[[Lupin the Third Part I]]'',{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=220}}{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=28}} originally intended as a movie project.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=26}} This was Miyazaki's directorial debut.{{sfn|Greenberg|2018|p=54}} He and Takahata were engaged to emphasize the series' humor over its violence.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=28}} The two also began pre-production on a series based on [[Astrid Lindgren]]'s ''[[Pippi Longstocking]]'' books, designing extensive storyboards;{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=39}}{{sfn|Takahata|Miyazaki|Kotabe|2014}} Miyazaki and [[Tokyo Movie Shinsha]] president Yutaka Fujioka traveled to Sweden to secure the rights—Miyazaki's first trip outside Japan and possibly the first overseas trip for any Japanese animator for a production{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=39}}{{sfn|Greenberg|2018|pp=32–33}}—but the series was canceled after they were unable to meet Lindgren, and permission was refused to complete the project.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=39}}{{sfn|Takahata|Miyazaki|Kotabe|2014}} Foreign travel left an impression on Miyazaki;{{sfn|Greenberg|2018|p=33}}{{sfn|Berton|2020|p=91}} using concepts, scripts, design, and animation from the project,{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=26}} he wrote, designed and animated two ''[[Panda! Go, Panda!]]'' shorts in 1972 and 1973, with Takahata as director and Ōtsuka as animation director.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=221}}{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=47}} Their choice of pandas was inspired by the panda craze in Japan at the time.{{sfn|Greenberg|2018|p=33}}

Miyazaki drew storyboards for the first episode of ''[[The Gutsy Frog]]'' in 1971 (though they went unused), provided key animation and storyboards for two episodes of ''[[Akado Suzunosuke (TV series)|Akado Suzunosuke]]'' in 1972, and delivered key animation for one episode each of ''[[Kōya no Shōnen Isamu]]'' (directed by Takahata) and ''Samurai Giants'' in 1973.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|pp=221–222}} In 1972, he directed a five-minute [[Television pilot|pilot film]] for the television series ''[[Yuki's Sun]]''; the series was never produced, and the pilot fell into obscurity before resurfacing as part of a [[Blu-ray]] release of Miyazaki's works in 2014.{{sfn|Greenberg|2018|p=36}} In June 1973, Miyazaki and Takahata moved from A-Pro to Zuiyō Eizō,{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=440}}{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=39}} where they worked on ''[[World Masterpiece Theater]]'', which featured their animation series ''[[Heidi, Girl of the Alps]]'', an adaptation of [[Johanna Spyri]]'s ''[[Heidi]]''.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=440}} The production team wanted the series to set new heights for television animation,{{sfn|Greenberg|2018|p=38}} and Miyazaki traveled to Switzerland to research and sketch in preparation.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=29}} Zuiyō Eizō split into two companies in July 1975; Miyazaki and Takahata's branch became [[Nippon Animation]].{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=440}}{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|pp=29–30}} They briefly worked on ''[[Dog of Flanders (TV series)|Dog of Flanders]]'' in 1975 before moving on to the larger-scale ''[[3000 Leagues in Search of Mother]]'' (1976), directed by Takahata, for which Miyazaki traveled to Argentina and Italy as research.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=39}}{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=39}}

=== Directorial debut ===
In 1977, Miyazaki was chosen to direct his first animated television series, ''[[Future Boy Conan]]'';{{sfn|Berton|2020|p=98}} he directed 24 of the 26 episodes, which were broadcast in 1978.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=39}}{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=223}} Only eight episodes were completed when the series began airing; each episode was completed within ten to fourteen days.{{sfn|Berton|2020|p=98}} An adaptation of [[Alexander Key]]'s ''[[The Incredible Tide]]'',{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=441}} the series features several elements that later reappeared in Miyazaki's work, such as warplanes, airplanes, and environmentalism. Also working on the series was Takahata, Ōtsuka, and [[Yoshifumi Kondō]], whom Miyazaki and Takahata had met at A-Pro.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=39}}{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=15}}{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=41}} Visually, Miyazaki was inspired by [[Paul Grimault]]'s ''[[The Adventures of Mr. Wonderbird]]''.{{sfn|Greenberg|2018|p=81}} Miyazaki did key animation for thirty episodes of the ''World Masterpiece Theater'' series ''[[Rascal the Raccoon]]'' (1977) and provided scene design and organization on the first fifteen episodes of Takahata's ''[[Anne of Green Gables (1979 TV series)|Anne of Green Gables]]'' before leaving Nippon Animation in 1979.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=40}}{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=223}}{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=40}}

Miyazaki moved to Tokyo Movie Shinsha to direct his first feature anime film, ''[[The Castle of Cagliostro]]'' (1979), an installment of the ''[[Lupin III]]'' franchise.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=33}}{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=50}} Ōtsuka had approached him to direct the film following the release of ''[[Lupin the 3rd: The Mystery of Mamo]]'' (1978), and Miyazaki wrote the story with [[:ja:山崎晴哉|Haruya Yamazaki]].{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=489}} Wishing to insert his own creativity into the franchise, Miyazaki inserted several elements and references, inspired by several of [[Maurice Leblanc]]'s [[Arsène Lupin]] novels, on which ''Lupin III'' is based,{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=53}} as well as ''The Adventures of Mr. Wonderbird''.{{sfn|Greenberg|2018|p=65}} Visually, he was inspired by Kagoshima Publishing's ''Italian Mountain Cities and the Tiber Estuary'',{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=53}} reflecting his love for Europe.{{sfn|Greenberg|2018|p=65}} Production ran for four months{{sfn|Greenberg|2018|p=62}} and the film was released on December 15, 1979; Miyazaki wished he could have had another month of production.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=53}} It was well received;{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=33}} ''[[Animage]]'' readers voted it the best animation of all time—it remained in the top ten for more than fifteen years—and Clarisse the best heroine.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=56}} In 2005, former princess [[Sayako Kuroda]]'s wedding dress was reportedly inspired by Clarisse's, having been a fan of Miyazaki and his work.{{sfn|Macdonald|2005b}} Several Japanese and American filmmakers were inspired by the film, prompting homages in other works.{{sfn|Greenberg|2018|pp=66–68}}

Miyazaki became a chief animation instructor for new employees at [[Telecom Animation Film]], a subsidiary of Tokyo Movie Shinsha,{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=34}} and subsequently directed two episodes of ''[[Lupin the Third Part II]]'' under the pseudonym {{nihongo|Teruki Tsutomu|照樹 務}}, which can read as "employee of Telecom".{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=40}} In his role at Telecom, Miyazaki helped train the second wave of employees.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=441}} Miyazaki provided key animation for one episode of ''[[The New Adventures of Gigantor]]'' (1980–1981),{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=36}} and directed six episodes of ''[[Sherlock Hound]]'' in 1981,{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=225}} until legal issues with [[Arthur Conan Doyle]]'s estate led to a suspension in production;{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=42}}{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=37}} Miyazaki was busy with other projects by the time the issues were resolved, and the remaining episodes were directed by Kyôsuke Mikuriya and broadcast from November 1984 to May 1985.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=225}}{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=37}} It was Miyazaki's final television work.{{sfn|Greenberg|2018|p=74}} In 1982, Miyazaki, Takahata, and Kondō started work on a film adaptation of ''[[Little Nemo]]'', but Miyazaki and Takahata left after a few months due to creative clashes with Fujioka (Kondō remained until 1985); the film was completed six years later as ''[[Little Nemo: Adventures in Slumberland]]'' (1989).{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=41}}{{sfn|Greenberg|2018|p=107}} Miyazaki spent some time in the United States during the film's production.{{sfn|Greenberg|2018|p=108}}

=== Manga work and adaptation ===
[[File:Toshio Suzuki, Howl's Moving Castle premiere.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1|In the 1980s, Miyazaki began working with [[Toshio Suzuki]] ''(pictured)'', who later produced most of his films at Studio Ghibli.|alt=Toshio Suzuki]]

After the release of ''The Castle of Cagliostro'', Miyazaki began working on his ideas for an animated film adaptation of [[Richard Corben]]'s comic book ''Rowlf'' and pitched the idea to Yutaka Fujioka at Tokyo Movie Shinsha. In November 1980, a proposal was drawn up to acquire the film rights.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=249}}{{sfn|Kanō|2006|pp=37ff, 323}} Around that time, Miyazaki was also approached for a series of magazine articles by ''Animage''{{'}}s editorial staff. Editors [[Toshio Suzuki]] and Osamu Kameyama took some of his ideas to ''Animage''{{'}}s parent company, [[Tokuma Shoten]], which had been considering funding animated films. Two projects were proposed: {{Nihongo|''Warring States Demon Castle''|戦国魔城|Sengoku ma-jō}}, to be set in the [[Sengoku period]]; and the adaptation of Corben's ''Rowlf''. Both were rejected, as the company was unwilling to fund anime not based on existing manga and the rights for ''Rowlf'' could not be secured.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=146}}{{sfn|Miyazaki|2007|p=146}} Elements of Miyazaki's proposal for ''Rowlf'' were recycled in his later works.{{sfn|Greenberg|2018|p=88}} With no films in production, Miyazaki agreed to develop a manga for the magazine, titled ''[[Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind (manga)|Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind]]''.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|pp=73–74}}{{sfn|Saitani|1995|p=9}} 

Miyazaki had intended to stop making the manga when he received animation work; while he took some breaks in releases,{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=72}} the manga ultimately ran from February 1982 to March 1994.{{sfn|Ryan}} Miyazaki's busy schedule and perfectionist mindset led to several delays in publications, and on one occasion he withdrew some chapters before publication; he considered its continued publication a burden on his other work.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=43}} The story, as re-printed in the {{lang|ja-Latn|[[tankōbon]]}} volumes, spans seven volumes for a combined total of 1,060 pages.{{sfn|Ryan}} It sold more than ten million copies in its first two years.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=39}} Miyazaki drew the episodes primarily in pencil, and it was printed monochrome in sepia-toned ink.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=94}}{{sfn|Miyazaki|2007|p=94}}{{sfn|Saitani|1995|p=9}} The main character, [[Nausicaä (Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind)|Nausicaä]], was partly inspired by [[Nausicaa|the character]] from [[Homer]]'s ''[[Odyssey]]'' (whom Miyazaki had discovered while reading [[Bernard Evslin]]'s ''Dictionary of Grecian Myths'') and the Japanese folk tale ''[[The Lady who Loved Insects]]'', while the world and ecosystem was based on Miyazaki's readings of scientific, historical, and political writings, such as [[:ja:中尾佐助|Sasuke Nakao]]'s ''Origins of Plant Cultivation and Agriculture'', [[:ja:藤森栄一|Eiichi Fujimori]]'s ''The World of Jomon'', [[Paul Carell]]'s ''Hitler Moves East''.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=74}}{{sfn|Greenberg|2018|pp=83–85}} He was also inspired by the comic series ''[[Arzach]]'' by [[Jean Giraud]], whom he met while working on the manga.{{sfn|Greenberg|2018|p=95}}{{notetag|Miyazaki and Giraud became friends,{{sfn|Cotillon|2005}} and [[Monnaie de Paris]] held an exhibition of their work titled {{lang|fr|Miyazaki et Moebius: Deux Artistes Dont Les Dessins Prennent Vie}} (Two Artists's Drawings Taking on a Life of Their Own) from December 2004 to April 2005; both artists attended the opening of the exhibition.{{sfn|Montmayeur|2005}}}}

In 1982, Miyazaki assisted with key animation for an unreleased [[Zorro]] series, and for the feature film ''[[Space Adventure Cobra: The Movie]]''.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=225}}{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=37}} He resigned from Telecom Animation Film in November.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=442}} Around this time, he wrote the graphic novel ''[[The Journey of Shuna]]'', inspired by the Tibetan folk tale "Prince who became a dog". The novel was published by Tokuma Shoten in June 1983,{{sfn|Miyazaki|1983|p=147}} dramatized for radio broadcast in 1987,{{sfn|Kanō|2006|p=324}} and published in English as ''Shuna's Journey'' in 2022.{{sfn|Mateo|2022}} ''[[Hayao Miyazaki's Daydream Data Notes]]'' was also irregularly published from November 1984 to October 1994 in ''[[:fr:Model Graphix|Model Graphix]]'';{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=163}} selections of the stories received radio broadcast in 1995.{{sfn|Kanō|2006|p=324}} Following the completion of ''Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind''{{'s}} first two volumes, ''Animage'' editors suggested a 15-minute short film adaptation. Miyazaki, initially reluctant, countered that an hour-long animation would be more suitable, and Tokuma Shoten agreed on a feature-length film.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=41}}{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=75}}{{sfn|Napier|2018|p=70}}

Production began on May 31, 1983, with animation beginning in August;{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=75}} funding was provided through a [[joint venture]] between Tokuma Shoten and the advertising agency [[Hakuhodo]], for whom Miyazaki's youngest brother worked. Animation studio [[Topcraft]] was chosen as the production house.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=41}} Miyazaki found some of Topcraft's staff unreliable,{{sfn|Napier|2018|p=71}} and brought on several of his previous collaborators, including Takahata, who served as producer,{{sfn|Greenberg|2018|p=100}}{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=59}} though he was reluctant to do so.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=77}} Pre-production began on May 31, 1983; Miyazaki encountered difficulties in creating the screenplay, with only sixteen chapters of the manga to work with.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=75}} Takahata enlisted experimental and minimalist musician [[Joe Hisaishi]] to compose the film's score;{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=77}} he subsequently worked on all of Miyazaki's feature films.{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=61}}

For the film, Miyazaki's imagination was sparked by the mercury poisoning of [[Minamata Bay]] and how nature responded and thrived in a poisoned environment, using it to create the film's polluted world.{{sfn|Greenberg|2018|p=89}}{{sfn|Napier|2018|pp=77–78}} For the lead role of Nausicaä, Miyazaki cast [[Sumi Shimamoto]], who had impressed him as Clarisse in ''The Castle of Cagliostro'' and Maki in ''Lupin the Third Part II''.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=57}} ''Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind'' was created in ten months,{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=59}} and released on March 11, 1984.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=86}} It grossed ¥1.48 billion at the [[box office]], and made an additional ¥742 million in distribution income.{{sfn|Kanō|2006|pp=65–66}} It is often seen as Miyazaki's pivotal work, cementing his reputation as an animator.{{sfn|Osmond|1998|pp=57–81}} It was lauded for its positive portrayal of women, particularly Nausicaä.{{sfn|Moss|2014}}{{sfn|Nakamura|Matsuo|2002|p=73}}{{sfn|Napier|1998|p=101}} Several critics have labeled ''Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind'' as possessing [[anti-war]] and [[feminist]] themes; Miyazaki argues otherwise, stating he only wishes to entertain.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=89}} He felt Nausicaä's ability to understand her opponent rather than simply defeat them meant she had to be female.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=79}} The successful cooperation on the creation of the manga and the film laid the foundation for other collaborative projects.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=45}} In April 1984, Miyazaki and Takahata created a studio to handle copyright of their work, naming it Nibariki (meaning "Two-Horse Power", the nickname for the [[Citroën 2CV]], which Miyazaki drove), for which an office was secured in Suginami Ward,{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=41}}{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=443}}{{sfn|Mishan|2021}} with Miyazaki serving as the senior partner.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=43}}

=== Studio Ghibli ===
==== Foundation and ''Laputa'' (1985–1987) ====
[[File:Studio Ghibli studio 3.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1|Miyazaki and Takahata founded the animation production company [[Studio Ghibli]] ''(offices pictured in 2023)'' in June 1985.{{sfn|Berton|2020|p=32}}|alt=Studio Ghibli offices]]

Following the success of ''Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind'',{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=17}} Miyazaki and Takahata{{notetag|Takahata refused to sign the paperwork to found [[Studio Ghibli]], feeling that an artist should not be involved in such business documents. Regardless, he and Miyazaki are considered the company's founders.{{sfn|Dudok de Wit|2021|p=16}}{{sfn|Denison|2023|p=47}}}} founded the animation production company [[Studio Ghibli]] on June 15, 1985, as a subsidiary of Tokuma Shoten,{{sfn|Berton|2020|p=32}}{{notetag|According to Suzuki, Studio Ghibli was the successor of the Tokuma Shoten subsidiary company Iraka Planning—creators of ''[[Tempyō no Iraka]]'' (1980)—from which it inherited {{JPY|36&nbsp;million}} in outstanding debts.{{sfn|Denison|2023|p=40}}}} with offices in [[Kichijōji]] designed by Miyazaki.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=44}} The studio's name had been registered a year earlier;{{sfn|Dudok de Wit|2021|p=96}} Miyazaki named it after the nickname of the [[Caproni Ca.309]] aircraft,{{sfn|Greenberg|2018|p=110}} meaning "[[wikt:ghibli|a hot wind that blows in the desert]]" in Italian.{{sfn|Denison|2023|p=45}} Suzuki worked for Studio Ghibli as producer,{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=42}} joining full-time in 1989,{{sfn|Dudok de Wit|2021|p=18}} while Topcraft's Tōru Hara became production manager;{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=43}} Suzuki's role in the creation of the studio and its films has led him to being occasionally named a co-founder,{{sfn|Denison|2023|p=35}}{{sfn|Berton|2020|p=80}} and Hara is often viewed as influential to the company's success.{{sfn|Denison|2023|p=46}} Yasuyoshi Tokuma, the founder of Tokuma Shoten, was also closely related to the company's creation, having provided financial backing.{{sfn|Denison|2023|p=41}} Topcraft had been considered as a partner to produce Miyazaki's next film, but the company went bankrupt in 1985.{{sfn|Denison|2023|p=44}} Several staff members subsequently hired at Studio Ghibli—up to 70 full-time and 200 part-time employees in 1985—had previously worked with Miyazaki at different studios, such as Telecom, Topcraft, and Toei Doga, and others like [[Madhouse, Inc.]] and [[Oh! Production]].{{sfn|Denison|2023|p=46}}

In 1984, Miyazaki traveled to Wales, drawing the mining villages and communities of [[Rhondda]]; he witnessed [[1984–1985 United Kingdom miners' strike|the miners' strike]] and admired the miners' dedication to their work and community.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=42}}{{sfn|Brooks|2005}} He was angered by the "military superpowers" of the [[Roman Empire]] who conquered the [[Celts]] and felt this anguish, alongside the miners' strike, was perceptible in Welsh communities.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=97}} He returned in May 1985 to research his next film, ''[[Laputa: Castle in the Sky]]'', the first by Studio Ghibli.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=45}}{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=64}} Its tight production schedule forced Miyazaki to work all day, including before and after normal working hours, and he wrote lyrics for its end theme.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=42}} Miyazaki used the floating island of Laputa from ''[[Gulliver's Travels]]'' in the film.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=94}} ''Laputa'' was released on August 2, 1986, by the [[Toei Company]].{{sfn|Miyazaki|2009|p=444}} It sold around 775,000 tickets,{{sfn|Suzuki|1996}} making a modest financial return,{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=67}} though Miyazaki and Suzuki expressed their disappointment with its box office figures of approximately {{USD|2.5 million}}.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=45}}{{sfn|Denison|2018|p=43}}{{sfn|Napier|2018|p=91}}

After the success of ''Nausicaä'', Miyazaki visited [[Yanagawa, Fukuoka|Yanagawa]] and considered imitating it in an animated film, fascinated by its canal system; instead, Takahata directed a live-action documentary about the region, ''[[The Story of Yanagawa's Canals]]'' (1987). Miyazaki produced and financed the film, and provided several animated sequences.{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=68}}{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=42}} Its creation spanned four years, and Miyazaki considered it his social responsibility—to both Japanese society and filmmaking—in seeing it produced.{{sfn|Denison|2023|p=48}} ''Laputa'' was created partly to fund production of the documentary, for which Takahata had depleted his funds.{{sfn|Denison|2023|pp=48–49}} In June 1985, ''Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind'' was released in the United States as ''Warriors of the Wind'', with significant cuts;{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=42}}{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=42}} almost 30 minutes of dialogue and character development were removed, erasing parts of its plot and themes.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=42}}{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=78}} Miyazaki and Takahata subsequently refused to consider Western releases of their films for the following decade.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=42}}

==== ''My Neighbor Totoro'' and ''Kiki's Delivery Service'' (1987–1989) ====
[[File:Totoro Cosplayer at Comic Market 93.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1|Merchandise profits from ''[[My Neighbor Totoro]]'' ''([[cosplayer]] pictured)'' financially sustained Studio Ghibli for years.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=118}}|alt=A cosplayer in a Totoro outfit]]

Miyazaki's next film, ''[[My Neighbor Totoro]]'', originated in ideas he had as a child; he felt "''Totoro'' is where my consciousness began".{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=116}} An attempt to pitch ''My Neighbor Totoro'' to Tokuma Shoten in the early 1980s had been unsuccessful, and Miyazaki faced difficulty in attempting to pitch it again in 1987. Suzuki proposed that ''Totoro'' be released as a [[double bill]] alongside Takahata's ''[[Grave of the Fireflies]]''; as the latter, based on [[Grave of the Fireflies (short story)|the 1967 short story]] by [[Akiyuki Nosaka]], had historical value, Suzuki predicted school students would be taken to watch both.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|pp=116–117}} ''Totoro'' features the theme of the relationship between the environment and humanity, showing that harmony is the result of respecting the environment.{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=23}} The film also references Miyazaki's mother; the child protagonists' mother is bedridden.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=120}} As with ''Laputa'', Miyazaki wrote lyrics for ''Totoro''{{'}}s end theme.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=43}}

Miyazaki struggled with the film's script until he read a ''Mainichi Graph'' story about Japan forty years prior, opting to set the film in the country before Tokyo's expansion and the advent of television. Miyazaki has subsequently donated money and artwork to fund preservation of the forested land in [[Saitama Prefecture]], in which the film is set.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=120}} Production of ''My Neighbor Totoro'' began in April 1987 and took exactly a year;{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=119}} it was released on April 16, 1988.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=133}} While the film received critical acclaim, it was only moderately successful at the box office.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=118}}{{sfn|Camp|Davis|2007|p=227}} Studio Ghibli approved merchandising rights in 1990, which led to major commercial success; merchandise profits alone were able to sustain the studio for years.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=118}} The film was labeled a cult classic,{{sfn|Camp|Davis|2007|p=227}} eventually gaining success in the United States after its release in 1993,{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=118}} where its home video release sold almost 500,000 copies.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|pp=48–49}} Akira Kurosawa said the film moved him, naming it among his hundred favorite films—one of few Japanese films to be named.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=132}} An [[asteroid]] discovered by [[Takao Kobayashi]] in December 1994 was named after the film: [[10160 Totoro]].{{sfn|Berton|2020|p=156}}

In 1987, Studio Ghibli acquired the [[Film rights|rights]] to create a film adaptation of [[Eiko Kadono]]'s novel ''[[Kiki's Delivery Service (novel)|Kiki's Delivery Service]]''. Miyazaki's work on ''My Neighbor Totoro'' prevented him from directing the adaptation; he acted as producer, while [[Sunao Katabuchi]] was chosen as director and Nobuyuki Isshiki as script writer.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=140}}{{sfn|Macdonald|2014}} Miyazaki's dissatisfaction of Isshiki's first draft led him to make changes to the project, ultimately taking the role of director. Kadono expressed her dissatisfaction with the differences between the book and screenplay, but Miyazaki and Takahata convinced her to let production continue.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=143}}{{sfn|Macdonald|2014}} The film was originally intended to be a 60-minute special, but expanded into a feature film after Miyazaki completed the storyboards and screenplay.{{sfn|Miyazaki|2006|p=12}} Miyazaki felt the struggles of the protagonist, Kiki, reflected the feelings of young girls in Japan yearning to live independently in cities,{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=141}} while her talents reflected those of real girls, despite her magical powers.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=52}} In preparation for production, Miyazaki and other senior staff members traveled to Sweden, where they captured eighty [[rolls of film]] in [[Stockholm]] and [[Visby]], the former being the primary inspiration behind the film's city.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=144}} ''[[Kiki's Delivery Service]]'' premiered on July 29, 1989;{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=153}} it was critically successful, winning the [[Anime Grand Prix]]. With more than 2.6 million tickets sold,{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=54}} it earned ¥2.15 billion at the box office{{sfn|Gaulène|2011}} and was the highest-grossing film in Japan in 1989.{{sfn|Hairston|1998}} Miyazaki and Studio Ghibli personally approved the subsequent English translations.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=143}}

==== ''Porco Rosso'' and co-productions (1989–1995) ====
From March to May 1989, Miyazaki's manga {{lang|ja-Latn|[[Hikōtei Jidai]]}} was published in the magazine ''Model Graphix'',{{sfn|Lamar|2010}} based on an earlier film idea he had assigned to a younger director in 1988 that fell through due to creative differences.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=56}}{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=163}} Miyazaki began production on a 45-minute in-flight film for [[Japan Airlines]] based on the manga; Suzuki extended it into a feature-length film, titled ''[[Porco Rosso]]'', as expectations and budget grew.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=56}}{{sfn|Berton|2020|p=182}} Miyazaki began work on the film with little assistance, as its production overlapped with Takahata's ''[[Only Yesterday (1991 film)|Only Yesterday]]'' (1991), which Miyazaki co-produced.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|pp=44–45}}{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=82}} The outbreak of the [[Yugoslav Wars]] in 1991 affected Miyazaki, prompting a more sombre tone for ''Porco Rosso'';{{sfn|Havis|2016}} the [[Croatian War of Independence]] moved the film's setting from [[Dubrovnik]] to the [[Adriatic Sea]].{{sfn|Berton|2020|p=183}} Miyazaki later referred to the film as "foolish", as its mature tones were unsuitable for children,{{sfn|Sunada|2013|loc=46:12}} noting he had made it for his "own pleasure" due to his love of planes.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=160}}

Except for the [[Curtiss R3C-2]], all planes in ''Porco Rosso'' are original creations from Miyazaki's imagination, based on his childhood memories.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=164}} The film also pays homage to the work of [[Fleischer Studios]] and [[Winsor McCay]], which were influential to Japanese animation in the 1940s.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=167}} The film featured anti-war themes, which Miyazaki would later revisit.{{sfn|Blum|2013}}{{sfn|Akimoto|2014}} The protagonist's name, Marco Pagot, is the same as an Italian animator with whom Miyazaki had worked on ''Sherlock Hound''.{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=89}} Some female staff at Studio Ghibli considered the film's Piccolo factory—led by a man and staffed by women—an intentional mirroring of Studio Ghibli's staff, of whom many are women; some viewed it as Miyazaki's respect for their work ethic, though others felt it implied women were easier to exploit.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=171}} Japan Airlines remained a major investor in the film, resulting in its initial premiere as an in-flight film,{{sfn|Havis|2016}} prior to its theatrical release on July 18, 1992.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=176}} It was Miyazaki's first film not to top ''Animage''{{'}}s yearly reader poll, which has been attributed to its mature focus.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=179}} The film was commercially successful, becoming the highest-grossing film of the year in Japan;{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=45}} it remained one of the highest-grossing films for several years.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=208}}

During production of ''Porco Rosso'', Miyazaki spearheaded work on Studio Ghibli's new studio in [[Koganei]], Tokyo, designing the blueprints, selecting materials, and working with builders.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=45}} The studio opened in August 1992,{{sfn|Matsutani|2008}} and the staff moved in shortly after ''Porco Rosso''{{'}}s release.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=45}} Around this time, Miyazaki started work on the final volumes of the manga ''Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind'', which he created in-house at Studio Ghibli.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=46}} In November, two [[television spots]] directed by Miyazaki were broadcast by [[Nippon Television Network]] (NTV): {{lang|ja-Latn|Sora Iro no Tane}}, a 90-second spot adapted from the illustrated story {{lang|ja-Latn|[[Sora Iro no Tane]]}} by [[Rieko Nakagawa]] and Yuriko Omura; and {{lang|ja-Latn|Nandarou}}, a series of four five-second advertisements featuring an undefinable creature.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=228}}{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|pp=159–160}} Miyazaki assisted with the concept of Takahata's ''[[Pom Poko]]'' (1994),{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=228}} and designed the storyboards and wrote the screenplay for Kondō's ''[[Whisper of the Heart]]'' (1995), being particularly involved in the latter's fantasy sequences.{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=104}} Critics and fans began to see Kondō as "the [[heir-apparent]]" to Studio Ghibli.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=46}}

==== ''Princess Mononoke'' and global emergence (1995–1997) ====
[[File:Mononoke hime cgi.png|thumb|upright=1.2|Miyazaki used [[3D rendering]] in ''[[Princess Mononoke]]'' (1997) to create writhing "demon flesh" and composite them onto the hand-drawn characters. Approximately five minutes of the film use similar techniques.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=36}}|alt=An animated frame depicting some computer-generated art blended with a hand-drawn character]]

Miyazaki's next film, ''[[Princess Mononoke]]'', originated in sketches he had made in the late 1970s, based on Japanese folklore and the French fairytale ''[[Beauty and the Beast]]''; his original ideas were rejected, and he published his sketches and initial story idea in a book in 1982.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=182}}{{sfn|Greenberg|2018|p=136}} He revisited the project after the success of ''Porco Rosso'' allowed him more creative freedom.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=182}} He chose the [[Muromachi period]] for the setting as he felt Japanese people stopped worshiping nature and began attempting to control it. Miyazaki began writing the film's [[Film treatment|treatment]] in August 1994. While experiencing [[writer's block]] in December,{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=185}} Miyazaki accepted a request to create ''[[On Your Mark (music video)|On Your Mark]]'', a music video for [[On Your Mark (song)|the song]] by [[Chage and Aska]]. He experimented with computer animation to supplement traditional animation. ''On Your Mark'' premiered as a short before ''Whisper of the Heart''.{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=160}} The video's story was partly inspired by the [[Chernobyl disaster]].{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=62}} Miyazaki intentionally made it cryptic, wanting viewers to interpret it themselves.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=63}} Despite the video's popularity, Suzuki said it was not given "100 percent" focus.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=214}}

Miyazaki completed ''Princess Mononoke''{{'}}s formal proposal in April 1995 and began working on storyboards in May.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=185}} He had intended it to be his final directorial work at Studio Ghibli, citing his poorer eyesight and physical pains.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=46}}{{sfn|Tasker|2011|p=292}}{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=189}} In July 1996, [[the Walt Disney Company]] offered Tokuma Shoten a deal to distribute Studio Ghibli's films worldwide (except for [[Southeast Asia]]) through its [[Buena Vista Pictures Distribution|Buena Vista]] and [[Miramax Films]] brands. Miyazaki approved the deal, not personally interested in the money and wanting to support Tokuma Shoten, who had earlier supported him.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=66}} In May 1995, Miyazaki took four art directors to [[Yakushima]]—which had previously provided inspiration for ''Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind''—to research the forests as inspiration; another art director, [[Kazuo Oga]], traveled to [[Shirakami-Sanchi]].{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=186}} The landscapes in the film were inspired by Yakushima.{{sfn|Ashcraft|2013}} In ''Princess Mononoke'', Miyazaki revisited the ecological and political themes of ''Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind''.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=203}} His historical research, including that of Eiichi Fujimori, led him to the conclusion that women had more freedom during the prehistoric [[Jomon period]], and he opted to focus on ordinary people in society.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|pp=187–188}}

Miyazaki felt the melancholy of the protagonist, Ashitaka, reflected his own attitude, while he compared Ashitaka's scar to modern physical conditions that children endure, like [[AIDS]]. Animation work began in July 1995,{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=192}} before the storyboards were completed—a first for Miyazaki.{{sfn|Berton|2020|p=183}} He supervised the 144,000 [[cel]]s in the film, about 80,000 of which were key animation.{{sfn|Fuster|2017}}{{sfn|Schnelbach|2017}} ''Princess Mononoke'' was produced with an estimated budget of ¥2.35 billion (approximately {{US$|23.5 million}}),{{sfn|Karrfalt|1997}} making it the most expensive Japanese animated film at the time.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=33}} Approximately fifteen minutes of the film uses computer animation: about five minutes uses techniques such as [[3D rendering]], digital composition, and [[texture mapping]]; the remaining ten minutes uses [[digital ink and paint]].{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=36}} While the original intention was to digitally paint 5,000 of the film's frames, time constraints doubled this, though it remained below ten percent of the final film.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=35}} Animation was completed in mid-June 1997.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=185}} Miyazaki collaborated directly with Hisaishi on the soundtrack from early in production; Hisaishi wrote an "image album" of pieces inspired by the story, which were reworked as production continued.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=189}}

Upon its premiere on July 12, 1997,{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=196}} ''Princess Mononoke'' was critically acclaimed, becoming the first animated film nominated for the [[Japan Academy Film Prize for Picture of the Year]], which it won.{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=109}} The film was also commercially successful; it was watched by twelve million people by November, grossing {{USD|160 million}},{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|pp=185–186}} and became the [[List of highest-grossing films in Japan|highest-grossing film in Japan]] for several months.{{sfn|Ebert|1999}}{{notetag|name="Titanic"|''Princess Mononoke'' was eclipsed as the [[List of highest-grossing films in Japan|highest-grossing film in Japan]] by ''[[Titanic (1997 film)|Titanic]]'', released several months later.{{sfn|Ebert|1999}}}} Its [[home video]] release sold over two million copies within three weeks,{{notetag|According to [[Screen Digest]], about 20% of ''Princess Mononoke''{{'}}s two million copies sold were to first-time buyers of home videos.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=186}}}} and over four million by December 1998.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=186}} For the North American release, Miramax sought to make some cuts to obtain a lower rating than [[PG-13]], but Studio Ghibli refused.{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=105}} [[Neil Gaiman]] wrote the English-language script; Miyazaki met him in September 1999 when he traveled to the United States for the film's release and expressed his pleasure at Gaiman's work.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=446}}{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=72}} While it was largely unsuccessful at the American box office, grossing about {{US$|2.3 million}},{{sfn|Kelly|2022}} it was seen as the introduction of Studio Ghibli to global markets.{{sfn|Tasker|2011|p=292}}

==== ''Spirited Away'' and international acclaim (1997–2001) ====
[[File:Nibariki (Hayao Miyazaki's personal studio, Butaya).jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.2|Miyazaki opened his own personal office in 1998, named Buta-ya ("pig house").{{sfn|Mishan|2021}}|alt=A house with a car in front]]

In 1997, Miyazaki contributed to ''[[Visionaire]]'', an arthouse magazine.{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=206}} Tokuma Shoten merged with Studio Ghibli in June 1997.{{sfn|Matsutani|2008}} Within walking distance of Studio Ghibli, Miyazaki designed his private office, which he named Buta-ya (meaning "pig house").{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=47}}{{sfn|Mishan|2021}} It was intended as his retirement office for personal projects;{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=78}} he held his farewell party there in January 1998,{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=47}} having left Studio Ghibli on January 14 to be succeeded by Kondō. However, Kondō's death on January 21 impacted Miyazaki, and within days it was announced he would return to Studio Ghibli to direct a new film.{{sfn|Berton|2020|p=183}}{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=47}} A manga by Miyazaki, {{lang|ja-Latn|Doromamire no Tora}}, was published in ''Model Graphix'' in December 1998, based on a book by German tank commander [[Otto Carius]].{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=229}} Miyazaki officially returned to Studio Ghibli as its leader on January 16, 1999, taking an active role in employee organization.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=78}}{{sfn|Berton|2020|p=183}}

From 1998, Miyazaki worked on designs for the [[Ghibli Museum]], dedicated to showcasing the studio's works, including several exclusive short films, for which production began in July 1999. Construction for the museum began in March 2000, and it officially opened on October 1, 2001, featuring the short film ''[[Kujiratori]]''. Miyazaki served as its executive director.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|pp=446–447}} In 1999, a Japanese theme park engaged Studio Ghibli to create a 20-minute short film about cats; Miyazaki agreed on the condition that it featured returning characters from ''Whisper of the Heart''. [[Aoi Hiiragi]] wrote a manga based on the concept, titled ''[[Baron: The Cat Returns]]''. When the theme park withdrew, Miyazaki expanded the idea into a 45-minute film and, wanting to foster new talent at the studio, assigned it to first-time director [[Hiroyuki Morita]].{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|pp=82–83}}{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=118}} The film was released as ''[[The Cat Returns]]'' in 2002.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=83}}

Miyazaki's next film was conceived while on vacation at a mountain cabin with his family and five young girls who were family friends. Miyazaki realized he had not created a film for 10-year-old girls and set out to do so. He read {{lang|ja-Latn|[[shōjo manga|shōjō]]}} manga magazines like {{lang|ja-Latn|[[Nakayoshi]]}} and {{lang|ja-Latn|[[Ribon]]}} for inspiration but felt they only offered subjects on "crushes and romance", which is not what the girls "held dear in their hearts"; he decided to produce the film about a female heroine whom they could look up to,{{sfn|Toyama|2001}} based on two of the girls he had met.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=79}} Production of the film, titled ''[[Spirited Away]]'', commenced in 2000 on a budget of ¥1.9 billion ({{US$|15 million}}). As with ''Princess Mononoke'', the staff experimented with computer animation, but kept the technology at a level to enhance the story, not to "steal the show".{{sfn|Howe|2003a}} ''Spirited Away'' deals with symbols of human greed, symbolizing the 1980s [[Japanese asset price bubble]],{{sfn|Gold|2016}} and a [[Liminality|liminal]] journey through the realm of spirits.{{sfn|Reider|2005|p=9}}{{notetag|Protagonist Chihiro stands outside societal boundaries in the supernatural setting. The use of the word {{lang|ja-Latn|[[kamikakushi]]}} (literally "hidden by gods") within the Japanese title reinforces this symbol. {{harvtxt|Reider|2005}} states: "{{lang|ja-Latn|Kamikakushi}} is a verdict of 'social death' in this world, and coming back to this world from {{lang|ja-Latn|Kamikakushi}} meant 'social resurrection'."{{sfn|Reider|2005|p=9}}}} The film was released on July 20, 2001; it received critical acclaim, winning the Japan Academy Film Prize for Picture of the Year.{{sfn|Howe|2003b}}{{sfn|Dietz|2010}} The film was commercially successful, selling a record-breaking 21.4 million tickets and earning ¥30.4 billion ({{US$|289.1 million}}) at the box office.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=81}}{{sfn|Sudo|2014}} It became the highest-grossing film in Japan, a record it maintained for almost 20 years,{{sfn|Brzeski|2020}}{{notetag|name="Demon Slayer"|''Spirited Away'' was eclipsed as the highest-grossing film in Japan by ''[[Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba the Movie: Mugen Train]]'' in December 2020.{{sfn|Brzeski|2020}}}} and was the first Japanese film to earn {{US$|200 million}} internationally, prior to its American release.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=81}}

[[Kirk Wise]] directed the English-language version of ''Spirited Away''{{hsp}}; [[Pixar]]'s [[John Lasseter]] wanted Miyazaki to travel to the United States to work on the translated version, but Miyazaki trusted Lasseter to handle it.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=85}} ''Spirited Away''{{'}}s hopping lamp character is seen as an homage to Lasseter's character [[Luxo Jr. (character)|Luxo Jr.]]{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=86}} The film's successful American release through Buena Vista cemented Studio Ghibli's reputation in Western regions{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|pp=113–114}}{{sfn|Howe|2003c}}{{sfn|Avery|2006|p=70}} and established Miyazaki's popularity in North America;{{sfn|Greenberg|2018|p=141}} it was the first animated film to win the [[Golden Bear]] at the [[52nd Berlin International Film Festival|Berlin International Film Festival]] (tied with ''[[Bloody Sunday (film)|Bloody Sunday]]''{{--)}}{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=85}} and the first Japanese film to win the [[Academy Award for Best Animated Feature|Best Animated Feature]] at the [[75th Academy Awards|Academy Awards]],{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|pp=113–114}} alongside several other accolades.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=87}} It has been frequently ranked among the greatest films of the 21st century.{{sfn|BBC|2016}}{{sfn|Dargis|Scott|Del Toro|2017}}{{sfn|Pedersen|2021}} Upon completing the film, like with ''Princess Mononoke'', Miyazaki declared it his last.{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=116}} He traveled to France in December 2001 and the United States in September 2002 to promote the film.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=447}} Following the death of Tokuma in September 2000, Miyazaki served as the head of his funeral committee.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=446}} Miyazaki wrote and directed more short films for the Ghibli Museum: ''[[Koro's Big Day Out]]'', which screened from January 2002, and ''[[Mei and the Kittenbus]]'', which screened from October.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|pp=447–448}} One of the short films, ''[[Imaginary Flying Machines]]'', was later screened as [[in-flight entertainment]] by Japan Airlines alongside ''Porco Rosso''.{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=166}}

==== ''Howl's Moving Castle'' and ''Ponyo'' (2001–2008) ====
[[File:Ghibli Studio.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.2|Miyazaki created [[Short films by Studio Ghibli|several short films]] for the [[Ghibli Museum]] in between his feature films.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|pp=447–448}}|alt=Front entrance of the Ghibli Museum]]

Studio Ghibli announced the production of ''[[Howl's Moving Castle (film)|Howl's Moving Castle]]'' in September 2001, based on [[Howl's Moving Castle (novel)|the novel]] by [[Diana Wynne Jones]],{{sfn|Schilling|2001}} which Miyazaki had read in 1999.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=90}} Toei Animation's [[Mamoru Hosoda]] was originally selected to direct the film, but disagreements between Hosoda and Studio Ghibli executives led to the project's abandonment in 2002.{{sfn|Schilling|2002}}{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=92}} After six months, Studio Ghibli resurrected the project. Miyazaki was inspired to direct the film, struck by the image of a castle moving around the countryside, and he took creative liberties in its depiction.{{sfn|Talbot|2005}} Some computer animation was used to animate the castle's movements,{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=124}} though Miyazaki dictated it consist of no more than 10 percent of the film.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=92}} Miyazaki traveled to [[Colmar]] and [[Riquewihr]] in [[Alsace]], France, to study the architecture and the surroundings for the film's setting,{{sfn|Berton|2020|p=236}} while additional inspiration came from the concepts of future technology in [[Albert Robida]]'s work.{{sfn|Greenberg|2018|p=146}} The war featured in the film was thematically influenced by [[2003 invasion of Iraq|the 2003 invasion]] and subsequent [[Iraq War|war in Iraq]], the events of which enraged Miyazaki.{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|pp=122–123}}

''Howl's Moving Castle'' was released on November 20, 2004, and received widespread critical acclaim. The film received the [[Golden Osella]] for Technical Excellence at the [[61st Venice International Film Festival]],{{sfn|''The Japan Times''|2004}} and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature.{{sfn|Wellham|2016}} In Japan, the film sold more than 1.1&nbsp;million tickets within two days{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=93}} and grossed a record {{US$|14.5 million}} in its first week.{{sfn|Talbot|2005}} It became Japan's third-highest-grossing film,{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=93}} and remains among the top rankings with a worldwide gross of over ¥19.3 billion.{{sfn|Osaki|2013}} Miyazaki received the honorary Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement award at the [[62nd Venice International Film Festival]] in 2005.{{sfn|Vivarelli|2005}} He visited the United States in June 2005 to promote the film.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=448}}

In March 2005, Studio Ghibli split from Tokuma Shoten,{{sfn|Macdonald|2005a}} and Miyazaki became corporate director.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=448}} After ''Howl's Moving Castle'', Miyazaki created some short films for the Ghibli Museum, for which he returned solely to traditional animation techniques;{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=124}} all three began screening in January 2006.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|pp=448–449}} Studio Ghibli obtained the rights to produce an adaptation of [[Ursula K. Le Guin]]'s ''[[Earthsea]]'' novels in 2003;{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|pp=125–126}} Miyazaki had contacted her in the 1980s expressing interest but she declined, unaware of his work. Upon watching ''My Neighbor Totoro'' several years later, she expressed approval to the concept and met with Suzuki in August 2005, who wanted Miyazaki's son [[Goro Miyazaki|Goro]] to direct the film, as Miyazaki had wished to retire. Disappointed that Miyazaki was not directing but under the impression he would supervise his son's work, Le Guin approved of the film's production.{{sfn|Le Guin|2006}} Miyazaki later publicly opposed and criticized Goro's appointment as director.{{sfn|Collin|2013}} The film's designs were partly inspired by Miyazaki's manga ''The Journey of Shuna''.{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=126}} During a screening of the film, Miyazaki commented, "You shouldn't make a picture based on your emotions".{{sfn|Han|2020}} He later wrote a message for his son: "It was made honestly, so it was good".{{sfn|G. Miyazaki|2006b}}

In February 2006, Miyazaki traveled to the United Kingdom to research ''A Trip to Tynemouth'' (based on [[Robert Westall]]'s "Blackham's Wimpy"), for which he designed the cover, created a short manga, and worked as editor;{{sfn|Miyazaki|2009|pp=398–401}} it was released in October.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=98}} Miyazaki's next film, ''[[Ponyo]]'', began production in May 2006.{{sfn|Miyazaki|2013|p=16}} It was initially inspired by "[[The Little Mermaid]]" by [[Hans Christian Andersen]], though began to take its own form as production continued.{{sfn|Castro|2012}} Miyazaki aimed for the film to celebrate the innocence and cheerfulness of a child's universe.{{sfn|Miyazaki|2013|p=16}} He was intimately involved with the artwork, preferring to draw the sea and waves himself, as he enjoyed experimenting.{{sfn|Ghibli World|2007}} Two short films—''[[Looking for a Home (film)|Looking for a Home]]'' and ''[[Water Spider Monmon]]''—were made for the Ghibli Museum shortly before ''Ponyo'' entered production as animation experiments for sea life.{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|pp=130–131}}

''Ponyo'' features 170,000 frames—a record for Miyazaki.{{sfn|Sacks|2009}} Its seaside village was inspired by [[Tomonoura]], a town in [[Setonaikai National Park]], where Miyazaki stayed in 2004.{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=131}} The main character, Sōsuke, is based on Gorō.{{sfn|Ball|2008}} Following its release on July 19, 2008, ''Ponyo'' was critically acclaimed, receiving Animation of the Year at the [[32nd Japan Academy Film Prize]].{{sfn|Loo|2009}} The film was also a commercial success, earning ¥10 billion ({{US$|93.2 million}}) in its first month{{sfn|Ball|2008}} and ¥15.5 billion by the end of 2008, placing it among the highest-grossing films in Japan;{{sfn|Landreth|2009}} its box office earnings outpaced its ¥3.4 billion budget fivefold.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=100}} In April 2008, Miyazaki founded Home of the Three Bears, a preschool for the children of Studio Ghibli employees for which he had worked on early architectural plans.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=449}}

==== ''The Wind Rises'' and screenplays (2009–2013) ====
[[File:Jiro Horikoshi.jpg|thumb|right|upright=0.8|Miyazaki's manga and film ''[[The Wind Rises]]'' tell the story of [[Mitsubishi A6M Zero]] fighter designer [[Jiro Horikoshi]].{{sfn|Keegan|2013}}|alt=Jiro Horikoshi]]

In early 2009, Miyazaki began writing a manga called {{Nihongo|''Kaze Tachinu''|風立ちぬ|The Wind Rises}}, telling the story of [[Mitsubishi A6M Zero]] fighter designer [[Jiro Horikoshi]]. The manga was first published in two issues of the Model Graphix magazine, published on February 25 and March 25, 2009.{{sfn|''Animekon''|2009}} For the Ghibli Museum, Miyazaki wrote the short film ''[[A Sumo Wrestler's Tail]]'', directed by [[Akihiko Yamashita]], and wrote and directed ''[[Mr. Dough and the Egg Princess]]''; both started screening in 2010.{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=165}} From July 2008, Miyazaki planned and produced the film ''[[Arrietty]]'' (2010),{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=105}} for which he co-wrote the screenplay with [[:ja:丹羽圭子|Keiko Niwa]],{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=134}} based on the 1952 novel ''[[The Borrowers (novel)|The Borrowers]]'';{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=136}} it was the directorial debut of [[Hiromasa Yonebayashi]], who had started as an inbetween artist on ''Princess Mononoke''.{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=137}} Miyazaki and Niwa wrote the screenplay for ''[[From Up on Poppy Hill]]'' (2011), based the 1979–1980 manga ''[[Coquelicot-zaka kara]]''; the film, directed by Goro Miyazaki, was the highest-grossing Japanese film in the country in 2011 and won [[Japan Academy Film Prize for Animation of the Year|Animation of the Year]] at the [[Japan Academy Awards]].{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=139}}{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=142}}

Miyazaki wanted his next film to be a sequel to ''Ponyo'', but Suzuki convinced him to instead adapt {{lang|ja-Latn|Kaze Tachinu}} to film.{{sfn|Loo|2014}} In November 2012, Studio Ghibli announced the production of ''[[The Wind Rises]]'', based on {{lang|ja-Latn|Kaze Tachinu}}, to be released as a double bill alongside Takahata's ''[[The Tale of the Princess Kaguya (film)|The Tale of the Princess Kaguya]]'';{{sfn|Armitage|2012}} the latter was ultimately delayed.{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=149}} Miyazaki was inspired to create ''The Wind Rises'' after reading a quote from Horikoshi: "All I wanted to do was to make something beautiful".{{sfn|Keegan|2013}} Several scenes in ''The Wind Rises'' were inspired by [[Tatsuo Hori]]'s novel {{nihongo|''[[The Wind Has Risen]]''|風立ちぬ}}, in which Hori wrote about his life experiences with his fiancée before she died from tuberculosis. The female lead character's name, Naoko Satomi, was borrowed from Hori's novel {{Nihongo|''Naoko''|菜穂子}},{{sfn|''Newtype''|2011|p=93}} while the name of a German man, Hans Castorp, taken from [[Thomas Mann]]'s ''[[The Magic Mountain]]''.{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=144}} Naoko's struggles with tuberculosis echo the illness of Miyazaki's mother, and Horikoshi's story of growing from a young boy dreaming of airplanes to an inspirational artist is reflective of Miyazaki's own life.{{sfn|Greenberg|2018|p=149}}

''The Wind Rises'' reflects Miyazaki's pacifist stance,{{sfn|Keegan|2013}} continuing the themes of his earlier works, despite stating that condemning war was not the intention of the film;{{sfn|Foundas|2013}} he felt that, despite his occupation, Horikoshi was not militant.{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=145}} Miyazaki was moved by the film, the first of his own works to make him cry.{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=143}} As Horikoshi, he cast [[Hideaki Anno]], who had worked on ''Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind'' and is known for creating ''[[Neon Genesis Evangelion (franchise)|Neon Genesis Evangelion]]''.{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=146}} The film premiered on July 20, 2013,{{sfn|Keegan|2013}} It received critical acclaim for its animation, narrative, and characters, though some viewers were critical of the film's focus on Horikoshi due to the impacts of his inventions and others were disappointed by its lack of fantastical elements.{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|pp=146–147}} It was named Animation of the Year at the [[37th Japan Academy Film Prize]]{{sfn|Green|2014}} and was nominated for Best Animated Feature at the [[86th Academy Awards]].{{sfn|Loveridge|2014}} It was commercially successful, grossing ¥11.6 billion ({{US$|110 million}}) at the Japanese box office, becoming the highest-grossing film in Japan in 2013.{{sfn|Ma|2014}} The film's production was documented in Mami Sunada's ''[[The Kingdom of Dreams and Madness]]''.{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=146}}{{sfn|Odell|Le Blanc|2009|p=162}}

==== Retirement and ''The Boy and the Heron'' (2013–present) ====
In September 2013, Miyazaki announced he was retiring from the production of feature films due to his age, but wished to continue working on the displays at the Ghibli Museum.{{sfn|Loo|2013}}{{sfn|Akagawa|2013}} Miyazaki was awarded the [[Academy Honorary Award]] at the [[Governors Awards]] in November 2014.{{sfn|Morgan|2014|p=24}} He developed ''[[Boro the Caterpillar]]'', an animated short film which was first discussed during pre-production for ''Princess Mononoke''.{{sfn|Nonaka|1998|loc=24:47}} It was screened exclusively at the Ghibli Museum in July 2017.{{sfn|Loo|2017}} Around this time, Miyazaki was working on a manga titled ''Teppo Samurai''.{{sfn|Cadorniga|2015}} In February 2019, a four-part documentary was broadcast on the [[NHK]] network titled ''10 Years with Hayao Miyazaki'', documenting production of his films in his private studio.{{sfn|Lattanzio|2020}} In 2019, Miyazaki approved a musical adaptation of ''Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind'', as it was performed by a [[kabuki]] troupe.{{sfn|Radulovic|2020}}

In August 2016, Miyazaki proposed a new feature-length film, ''Kimi-tachi wa Dō Ikiru ka'' (titled ''[[The Boy and the Heron]]'' in English), on which he began animation work without receiving official approval.{{sfn|Loo|2017}} The film opened in Japanese theaters on July 14, 2023.{{sfn|Hodgkins|2022}} It was preceded by a minimal marketing campaign, forgoing trailers, commercials, and advertisements, a response from Suzuki to his perceived oversaturation of marketing materials in mainstream films.{{sfn|Pulver|2023}} It was commercially successful, grossing {{US$|294.2&nbsp;million}} worldwide,{{sfn|Tartaglione|2024}} making it one of the highest-grossing anime films in several countries and one of the highest-grossing Japanese films ever.{{sfn|Wiseman|2024}}{{sfn|Amidi|2023}}{{sfn|Harding|2024}} The film's production was documented in Kaku Arakawa's ''[[Hayao Miyazaki and the Heron]]''.{{sfn|Palm|2024}}

''The Boy and the Heron'' won Miyazaki his second Academy Award for Best Animated Feature at the [[96th Academy Awards]],{{sfn|Pulver|2024}} becoming the oldest director to do so and [[List of Academy Award winners and nominees from Japan|the first two-time Japanese winner]] in the category (and second overall); Miyazaki did not attend the show due to his advanced age.{{sfn|Robledo|2024}} Despite claims that ''The Boy and the Heron'' would be Miyazaki's final film, Studio Ghibli vice president Junichi Nishioka said in September 2023 that Miyazaki continued to attend the office daily to plan his next film.{{sfn|Hollister|2023}} Suzuki said he could no longer convince Miyazaki to retire.{{sfn|Leston|2023}} Studio Ghibli became a subsidiary of [[Nippon Television Holdings]] in October 2023, with Miyazaki as its honorary chairman.{{sfn|Inoue|Benoza|2023}}

== Views ==
{{quote box |align=right |width=33% |quote="If you don't spend time watching real people, you can't do this, because you've never seen it. Some people spend their lives interested only in themselves. Almost all Japanese animation is produced with hardly any basis taken from observing real people... It's produced by humans who can't stand looking at other humans. And that's why the industry is full of ''[[otaku]]''{{hair space}}!" |source=Hayao Miyazaki, January 2014{{sfn|Baseel|2014a}}}}

Miyazaki has often criticized the state of the animation industry, stating that some animators lack a foundational understanding of their subjects and do not prioritize realism.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=20}} He is particularly critical of Japanese animation, saying that anime is "produced by humans who can't stand looking at other humans ... that's why the industry is full of ''otaku''{{hsp}}!"{{sfn|Baseel|2014a}} He has frequently criticized ''otaku'', including "fanatics" of guns and fighter aircraft, declaring it a "fetish" and refusing to identify himself as such.{{sfn|Baseel|2014b}}{{sfn|Sunada|2013|loc=1:08:30}} He bemoaned the state of [[Disney animated films]] in 1988, saying "they show nothing but contempt for the audience".{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=72}}

Miyazaki has criticized the use of [[artificial intelligence]] (AI) in animation. When shown an animated [[zombie]] generated by artificial intelligence in 2016, Miyazaki was reminded of his friend with a disability and felt the animator "has no idea what pain is whatsoever"; he was "utterly disgusted" by the work, which he called "an insult to life itself", with no plans to use artificial intelligence at Studio Ghibli.{{sfn|Cheng|2016}}{{sfn|Toscano|2019}} Miyazaki's comments resurfaced in March 2025 after the [[generative artificial intelligence]] model [[ChatGPT]] was updated to produce works strongly resembling artists' styles, including Studio Ghibli's. Many criticized the update, citing Miyazaki's comments;{{sfn|O'Brien|Parvini|2025}}{{sfn|Holland|2025}}{{sfn|Evans|2025}} actress and director [[Zelda Williams]] wrote "fuck AI", noting Miyazaki would "absolutely despise the [[Artificial intelligence and copyright|technological piracy]] and [[Environmental impact of artificial intelligence|negative effects on our environment]]".{{sfn|Yin-Poole|2025}}

Miyazaki considers himself "traditionally ... a [[leftist]] in terms of emotional affinity", emphasizing his commitment to his ideals despite changing political and economic landscapes.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=207}} He abandoned his [[Marxist]] values while creating ''Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind'' as he felt Nausicaä's status in an elite class did not affect her [[class consciousness]], recognizing that "No matter what class people are born into, idiots are still idiots and good people are still good".{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|pp=400–401}} After the release of ''The Wind Rises'' in 2013, Miyazaki recognized leftist values in his movies, citing his influence by [[communism]] as defined by [[Karl Marx]], but criticized real experiments of [[socialism]] in countries like [[Socialism in the Soviet Union|the Soviet Union]].{{sfn|Seguret|2014}}

Miyazaki felt events like [[Kwantung Leased Territory|Japan's ownership]] of the [[Liaodong Peninsula]] and its [[Japanese invasion of Manchuria|invasion of Manchuria]] led him to lack an affinity for his homeland, though in his thirties he examined that the land itself had "tremendous power".{{sfn|Miyazaki|2014|p=3}} In 2013, he criticized [[Japanese Prime Minister]] [[Shinzo Abe]]'s proposed Constitutional amendment that would allow Abe to revise the clause outlawing war as a means to settle international disputes.{{notetag|Abe's party proposed the amendment to [[Article 96 of the Japanese Constitution|Article 96]] of the [[Constitution of Japan]], a clause that stipulates procedures needed for revisions. Ultimately, this would allow Abe to revise [[Article 9 of the Japanese Constitution|Article 9 of the Constitution]], which outlaws war as a means to settle international disputes.{{sfn|Fujii|2013}}}} Miyazaki felt Abe wished to "leave his name in history as a great man who revised the Constitution and its interpretation", describing it as "despicable"{{sfn|Yoshida|2015}} and stating "People who don't think enough shouldn't meddle with the constitution".{{sfn|McCurry|2013}} In 2015, Miyazaki disapproved Abe's denial of Japan's military aggression, stating Japan "should clearly say that [they] inflicted enormous damage on China and express deep remorse over it".{{sfn|Yoshida|2015}} He felt the government should give a "proper apology" to Korean [[comfort women]] who were forced to service the Japanese army during World War II and suggested the [[Senkaku Islands]] be "split in half" or controlled by both China and Japan.{{sfn|Blum|2013}} In 2024, Miyazaki acknowledged the "terrible things" Japan committed against the Philippines [[Japanese occupation of the Philippines|during the war]].{{sfn|Iikura-Gross|2024}}

When ''Spirited Away'' was nominated at the 75th Academy Awards in 2003, Miyazaki refused to attend in protest of the United States's involvement in the Iraq War, and later said he "didn't want to visit a country that was bombing Iraq".{{sfn|Pham|2009}} He did not publicly express this opinion at the request of his producer until 2009 when he lifted his boycott and attended [[San Diego Comic-Con]] as a favor to his friend John Lasseter.{{sfn|Pham|2009}} Miyazaki also expressed his opinion about [[Charlie Hebdo shooting|the terrorist attack]] at the offices of the French [[satirical magazine]] ''[[Charlie Hebdo]]'', criticizing the magazine's decision to publish the content cited as the catalyst for the incident; he felt caricatures should be made of politicians, not cultures.{{sfn|Hawkes|2015}} In November 2016, Miyazaki believed "many of the people who voted for [[Brexit]] and [[Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign|Trump]]" were affected by the increase in unemployment due to companies "building cars in Mexico because of low wages and [selling] them in the US".{{sfn|MBS TV|2016}} He did not think Donald Trump would be [[2016 United States presidential election|elected president]], calling it "a terrible thing", but said Trump's political opponent [[Hillary Clinton]] was "terrible as well".{{sfn|MBS TV|2016}}

== Themes ==
Miyazaki's works are characterized by the recurrence of themes such as feminism,{{sfn|Kono|2017}}{{sfn|McCarthy|2019}}{{sfn|Trafí-Prats|2016}} [[environmentalism]], [[pacifism]],{{sfn|DeWeese-Boyd|2009}}{{sfn|Mayumi|Solomon|2005}}{{sfn|Mumcu|Yılmaz|2018}} love, and family.{{sfn|Bye|2014}}{{sfn|Noviana|2020}}{{sfn|Schellhase|2014}} His narratives are also notable for not pitting a hero against an unsympathetic antagonist;{{sfn|Loy|Goodhew|2004|p=68}}{{sfn|Reinders|2016|p=181}}{{sfn|Romano|2013}} Miyazaki felt ''Spirited Away''{{'}}s Chihiro "manages not because she has destroyed the 'evil', but because she has acquired the ability to survive".{{sfn|Miyazaki|2002|p=15}}

Miyazaki's films often emphasize environmentalism and the Earth's fragility.{{sfn|McDougall|2018}} [[Margaret Talbot]] stated Miyazaki dislikes modern technology, and believes much of modern culture is "thin and shallow and fake"; he anticipates a time with "no more high-rises".{{sfn|Cappello|2005}} Miyazaki felt frustrated growing up in the [[Shōwa period]] from 1955 to 1965 because "nature—the mountains and rivers—was being destroyed in the name of economic progress".{{sfn|Schilling|2008}} Peter Schellhase of ''[[The Imaginative Conservative]]'' identified that several antagonists of Miyazaki's films "attempt to dominate nature in pursuit of political domination, and are ultimately destructive to both nature and human civilization".{{sfn|Schellhase|2014}} Miyazaki is critical of exploitation under both communism and [[capitalism]], as well as [[globalization]] and its effects on modern life, believing "a company is common property of the people that work there".{{sfn|Ghibli World|2008}} Ram Prakash Dwivedi identified values of [[Mahatma Gandhi]] in the films of Miyazaki.{{sfn|Dwivedi|2017}}

Several of Miyazaki's films feature anti-war themes. Daisuke Akimoto of ''Animation Studies'' categorized ''Porco Rosso'' as "anti-war propaganda" and felt the protagonist, Porco, transforms into a pig partly due to his extreme distaste of militarism.{{notetag|{{harvtxt|Akimoto|2014}} states: "Porco became a pig because he hates the following three factors: man (egoism), the state (nationalism) and war (militarism)."{{sfn|Akimoto|2014}}}} Akimoto also argues that ''The Wind Rises'' reflects Miyazaki's "antiwar pacifism", despite Miyazaki stating that the film does not attempt to "denounce" war.{{sfn|Akimoto|2013}} Schellhase also identifies ''Princess Mononoke'' as a pacifist film due to the protagonist, Ashitaka; instead of joining the campaign of revenge against humankind, as his ethnic history would lead him to do, Ashitaka strives for peace.{{sfn|Schellhase|2014}} David Loy and Linda Goodhew argue both ''Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind'' and ''Princess Mononoke'' do not depict traditional evil, but the [[Buddhist]] roots of evil: greed, ill will, and delusion; according to Buddhism, the roots of evil must transform into "generosity, loving-kindness and wisdom" in order to overcome suffering, and both Nausicaä and Ashitaka accomplish this.{{sfn|Loy|Goodhew|2004}} When characters in Miyazaki's films are forced to engage in violence, it is shown as being a difficult task; in ''Howl's Moving Castle'', Howl is forced to fight an inescapable battle in defense of those he loves, and it almost destroys him, though he is ultimately saved by Sophie's love and bravery.{{sfn|Schellhase|2014}}

Suzuki described Miyazaki as a feminist in reference to his attitude to female workers.{{sfn|Nonaka|1998|loc=22:05}} Miyazaki has described his female characters as "brave, self-sufficient girls that don't think twice about fighting for what they believe in with all their heart", stating they may "need a friend, or a supporter, but never a saviour" and "any woman is just as capable of being a hero as any man".{{sfn|Denham|2016}} ''Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind'' was lauded for its positive portrayal of women, particularly protagonist Nausicaä.{{sfn|Moss|2014}}{{sfn|Napier|1998|p=101}} Schellhase noted the female characters in Miyazaki's films are not objectified or sexualized, and possess complex and individual characteristics absent from Hollywood productions.{{sfn|Schellhase|2014}} Schellhase also identified a "coming of age" element for the heroines in Miyazaki's films, as they each discover "individual personality and strengths".{{sfn|Schellhase|2014}} Gabrielle Bellot of ''[[The Atlantic]]'' wrote that, in his films, Miyazaki "shows a keen understanding of the complexities of what it might mean to be a woman". In particular, Bellot cites ''Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind'', praising the film's challenging of gender expectations, and the strong and independent nature of Nausicaä. Bellot also noted ''Princess Mononoke''{{'}}s San represents the "conflict between selfhood and expression".{{sfn|Bellot|2016}}

Miyazaki is concerned with the sense of wonder in young people, seeking to maintain themes of love and family in his films.{{sfn|Schellhase|2014}} Michael Toscano of ''Curator'' found Miyazaki "fears Japanese children are dimmed by a culture of overconsumption, overprotection, utilitarian education, careerism, techno-industrialism, and a secularism that is swallowing Japan's native animism".{{sfn|Toscano|2014}} Schellhase wrote that several of Miyazaki's works feature themes of love and romance, but felt emphasis is placed on "the way lonely and vulnerable individuals are integrated into relationships of mutual reliance and responsibility, which generally benefit everyone around them".{{sfn|Schellhase|2014}} He also found many of the protagonists in Miyazaki's films present an idealized image of families, whereas others are dysfunctional.{{sfn|Schellhase|2014}}

== Creation process and influences ==
Miyazaki forgoes traditional screenplays in his productions, instead developing the narrative as he designs the storyboards, stating "We never know where the story will go but we just keep working on the film as it develops".{{sfn|Mes|2002}} Miyazaki has employed traditional animation methods in all of his films, drawing each frame by hand; computer-generated imagery has been employed in several of his later films, beginning with ''Princess Mononoke'', to "enrich the visual look",{{sfn|Ebert|2002}} though he ensures each film can "retain the right ratio between working by hand and computer ... and still be able to call my films 2D".{{sfn|Andrews|2005}} He oversees every frame of his films.{{sfn|Calvario|2016}} For character designs, Miyazaki draws original drafts used by animation directors to create reference sheets, which Miyazaki then corrects in his style.{{sfn|Watzky|2023}} He prioritizes logical plots even for child-friendly contents.{{sfn|Nakamura|1999|pp=38–41}}

Miyazaki has cited several Japanese artists as his influences, including [[Sanpei Shirato]],{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=27}} Osamu Tezuka, Soji Yamakawa,{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=28}} and Isao Takahata,{{sfn|Schley|2019}} and Western artists and animators like [[Frédéric Back]],{{sfn|Mes|2002}} Jean Giraud,{{sfn|Cotillon|2005}} Paul Grimault,{{sfn|Mes|2002}} [[Yuri Norstein]],{{sfn|Bose|2023}} and animation studio [[Aardman Animations]] (specifically the works of [[Nick Park]]).{{sfn|''The Japan Times''|2006}}{{notetag|An exhibit based upon Aardman Animations's works ran at the Ghibli Museum from 2006 to 2007.{{sfn|''The Japan Times''|2006}} Aardman Animations founders [[Peter Lord]] and [[David Sproxton]] visited the exhibition in May 2006, where they met Miyazaki.{{sfn|''Animage''|2006}}}} Several authors have also influenced his works, including [[Lewis Carroll]],{{sfn|Andrews|2005}} [[Roald Dahl]],{{sfn|Poland|1999}} Ursula K. Le Guin,{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=75}} [[Philippa Pearce]], [[Rosemary Sutcliff]], and [[Antoine de Saint-Exupéry]],{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=30}} Specific works that have influenced Miyazaki include ''[[Animal Farm]]'' (1945),{{sfn|Andrews|2005}} ''The Snow Queen'' (1957),{{sfn|Mes|2002}} and ''[[The King and the Mockingbird]]'' (1980);{{sfn|Andrews|2005}} ''The Snow Queen'' is said to be the true catalyst for Miyazaki's filmography, influencing his training and work.{{sfn|Ghibli Museum Library|2007}} When animating young children, Miyazaki often takes inspiration from his friends' children and memories of his own childhood.{{sfn|Maclean|2002}}

== Personal life ==
[[File:Gorō Miyazaki.jpg|thumb|right|upright=0.6|Miyazaki's son, director [[Goro Miyazaki]]]]

Miyazaki's wife, {{nihongo|Akemi Ōta|大田朱美}}, was born in 1938 and hired as an inbetween artist at Toei Animation in 1958, working on ''The White Snake Enchantress'' (1958) and ''[[Alakazam the Great]]'' (1960).{{sfn|Berton|2020|p=31}} She and Miyazaki met at Toei in 1964,{{sfn|Berton|2020|p=31}}{{sfn|Talbot|2005}} and they married in October 1965.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=437}} At Toei, they worked together on ''The Great Adventure of Horus, Prince of the Sun'' and ''The Wonderful World of Puss 'n Boots''.{{sfn|Berton|2020|p=31}} They have two sons: Goro, born in January 1967, and Keisuke, born in April 1969.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=438}} Becoming a father changed Miyazaki and he tried to produce work to please his children.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=20}}

Miyazaki initially fulfilled a promise to his wife that they would both continue to work after Goro's birth, dropping him off at [[preschool]] for the day; however, upon seeing Goro's exhaustion walking home one day, Miyazaki decided they could not continue, and his wife quit in 1972 to stay at home and raise their children.{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=204}}{{sfn|Berton|2020|p=31}} She was reluctant to do so but considered it necessary to allow Miyazaki to focus on his work.{{sfn|Berton|2020|p=31}} Miyazaki's dedication to his work harmed his relationship with his children as he was often absent. Goro watched his father's works to "understand" him since the two rarely talked.{{sfn|G. Miyazaki|2006a}} Miyazaki said he "tried to be a good father, but in the end [he] wasn't a very good parent",{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=204}} and later said he felt he owed "that little boy an apology".{{sfn|Han|2020}} In 2006, Goro said his father "gets zero marks as a father, but full marks as a director of animated films".{{sfn|G. Miyazaki|2006a}}{{notetag|[https://www.ghibli.jp/ged_02/20director/000318.html#more Original text]: "私にとって、宮崎駿は、父としては０点でも、アニメーション映画監督としては満点なのです。"}}

Goro worked at a landscape design firm before beginning to work at the Ghibli Museum;{{sfn|Talbot|2005}}{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=204}} he designed the garden on its rooftop and eventually became its curator.{{sfn|Talbot|2005}}{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=20}} Keisuke studied forestry at [[Shinshu University]] and works as a wood artist;{{sfn|Talbot|2005}}{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=204}}{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=23}} he designed a woodcut print that appears in ''Whisper of the Heart''.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=23}} Miyazaki's niece, Mei Okuyama, who was the inspiration behind the character Mei in ''My Neighbor Totoro'', is married to animation artist [[Daisuke Tsutsumi]].{{sfn|Loo|2011}}

== Legacy ==
{{Multiple image |direction=vertical |align=right |total_width=315
|image1=Mural Studio Ghibli en Aguascalientes con grafiti encima 01.jpg |alt1=Wall mural depicting several anime characters
|image2=Fresque Miyazaki à Limoges (rue de Metz) (cropped).jpg |alt2=Wall mural depicting several anime characters
|footer=Murals honoring Miyazaki's works in [[Aguascalientes]], Mexico (top), and [[Limoges]], France (bottom)}}

Miyazaki was described as the "godfather of animation in Japan" by [[BBC]]'s Tessa Wong in 2016, citing his craftsmanship and humanity, the themes of his films, and his inspiration to younger artists.{{sfn|Wong|2016}} Courtney Lanning of ''[[Arkansas Democrat-Gazette]]'' named him one of the world's greatest animators, comparing him to Osamu Tezuka and [[Walt Disney]];{{sfn|Lanning|2021}} Miyazaki has been called "the Disney of Japan", though Helen McCarthy considered comparison to [[Akira Kurosawa]] more appropriate due to the combination of grandeur and sensitivity in his work, dubbing him "the Kurosawa of animation".{{sfn|McCarthy|1999|p=10}}

Swapnil Dhruv Bose of ''Far Out Magazine'' wrote that Miyazaki's work "has shaped not only the future of animation but also filmmaking in general", and that it helped "generation after generation of young viewers to observe the magic that exists in the mundane".{{sfn|Bose|2021}} Richard James Havis of ''[[South China Morning Post]]'' called him a "genius ... who sets exacting standards for himself, his peers and studio staff".{{sfn|Havis|2020}} ''[[Paste (magazine)|Paste]]''{{'}}s Toussaint Egan described Miyazaki as "one of anime's great auteurs", whose "stories of such singular thematic vision and unmistakable aesthetic" captured viewers otherwise unfamiliar with anime.{{sfn|Egan|2017}} Miyazaki became the subject of an exhibit at the [[Academy Museum of Motion Pictures]] in Los Angeles in 2021, featuring over 400 objects from his films,{{sfn|Del Barco|2021}} and a twelve-month ''Ponyo'' exhibit was established in February 2026.{{sfn|Lang|2025}}{{sfn|Broadway|2026}}

Miyazaki has frequently been cited as an inspiration to numerous animators, directors and writers around the world, including [[Wes Anderson]],{{sfn|Ongley|Wheeler|2018}} [[Tony Bancroft]],{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=66}} [[James Cameron]],{{sfn|Ito|2009}} [[Barry Cook]],{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=66}} [[Dean DeBlois]],{{sfn|Phipps|2019}} [[Guillermo del Toro]],{{sfn|Chitwood|2013}} [[Pete Docter]],{{sfn|Accomando|2009}} Mamoru Hosoda,{{sfn|Brady|2018}} [[Bong Joon Ho]],{{sfn|Raup|2017}} [[Travis Knight]],{{sfn|Lambie|2016}} John Lasseter,{{sfn|Brzeski|2014}} Nick Park,{{sfn|Kelts|2007|p=49}} [[Henry Selick]],{{sfn|Leader|2009}} [[Makoto Shinkai]],{{sfn|Manry|2011}} [[Steven Spielberg]],{{sfn|Komatsu|2018}} and [[Gints Zilbalodis]].{{sfnm|Boyce|2019|Davis|2025}} [[Glen Keane]] said Miyazaki is a "huge influence" on [[Walt Disney Animation Studios]] and has been "part of our heritage" ever since ''[[The Rescuers Down Under]]'' (1990).{{sfn|Lee|2010}} The [[Disney Renaissance]] era was also prompted by competition with the development of Miyazaki's films.{{sfn|Pallant|2011|p=90}} Artists from [[Pixar]] and [[Aardman Studios]] signed a tribute stating, "You're our inspiration, Miyazaki-san!"{{sfn|Kelts|2007|p=49}} He has also been cited as inspiration for video game designers including [[Shigeru Miyamoto]] on ''[[The Legend of Zelda]]''{{sfn|Nintendo|2002}} and [[Hironobu Sakaguchi]] on ''[[Final Fantasy]]'',{{sfn|Rogers|2006}} as well as the television series ''[[Avatar: The Last Airbender]]'',{{sfn|Hamessley|London|2010}} and the video game ''[[Ori and the Blind Forest]]'' (2015).{{sfn|Nakamura|2014}}

[[Hayao Miyazaki bibliography|Several books have been written]] about Miyazaki by scholars such as [[Raz Greenberg]], Helen McCarthy, and [[Susan J. Napier]];{{sfn|Greenberg|2020}} according to Jeff Lenburg, more papers have been written about Miyazaki than any other Japanese artist.{{sfn|Lenburg|2012|p=107}} Studio Ghibli has searched for some time for Miyazaki and Suzuki's successor to lead the studio;{{sfn|Berton|2020|p=49}} Kondō, the director of ''Whisper of the Heart'', was initially considered, but died from a sudden heart attack in 1998.{{sfn|Menon|2020}} Some candidates were considered by 2023—including Miyazaki's son Goro, who declined—but the studio was not able to find a successor.{{sfn|McCurry|2023}}

== Selected filmography ==
{{Main list|List of works by Hayao Miyazaki}}
* ''[[The Castle of Cagliostro]]'' (1979)
* ''[[Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind (film)|Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind]]'' (1984)
* ''[[Laputa: Castle in the Sky]]'' (1986)
* ''[[My Neighbor Totoro]]'' (1988)
* ''[[Kiki's Delivery Service]]'' (1989)
* ''[[Porco Rosso]]'' (1992)
* ''[[Princess Mononoke]]'' (1997)
* ''[[Spirited Away]]'' (2001)
* ''[[Howl's Moving Castle (film)|Howl's Moving Castle]]'' (2004)
* ''[[Ponyo]]'' (2008)
* ''[[The Wind Rises]]'' (2013)
* ''[[The Boy and the Heron]]'' (2023)

== Awards and nominations ==
{{Main list|List of accolades received by Hayao Miyazaki}}
Miyazaki won the [[Ōfuji Noburō Award]] at the [[Mainichi Film Awards]] for ''The Castle of Cagliostro'' (1979), ''Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind'' (1984), ''Laputa: Castle in the Sky'' (1986),{{sfn|Pangilinan|2013|p=163}} ''My Neighbor Totoro'' (1988),{{sfn|Kelly|2019|p=1508}} and ''The Boy and the Heron'' (2023),{{sfn|Hodgkins|2024}} and the [[Mainichi Film Award for Best Animation Film]] for ''Kiki's Delivery Service'' (1989),{{sfn|Kelly|2019|p=1508}} ''Porco Rosso'' (1992),{{sfn|''Animations''|2008}} ''Princess Mononoke'' (1997), ''Spirited Away'' (2001),{{sfn|Kelly|2019|p=1508}} and ''Whale Hunt'' (2001).{{sfn|''Animations''|2008}} ''Spirited Away'' and ''The Boy and the Heron'' were awarded the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature,{{sfn|Howe|2003b}}{{sfn|Pulver|2024}} while ''Howl's Moving Castle'' (2004) and ''The Wind Rises'' (2013) received nominations.{{sfn|Wellham|2016}}{{sfn|Loveridge|2014}} He was named a [[Person of Cultural Merit]] by the Japanese government in November 2012, for outstanding cultural contributions.{{sfn|Komatsu|2012}} ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' named him one of the [[Time 100|100 most influential people in the world]] in 2005 and 2024,{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996|p=448}}{{sfn|Del Toro|2024}} and [[Gold House]] honored him on its [[Gold House#A100|Most Impactful Asians A100 list]] in 2024.{{sfn|Dunn|Kuznikov|Tangcay|Thompson|2024}} He was an honoree of the [[Ramon Magsaysay Award]] in 2024 for his usage of art to "illuminate the human condition".{{sfn|Abad|2024}} Miyazaki's other accolades include several [[Annie Awards]],{{sfn|Abramovitch|2021}}{{sfn|Hipes|2024}}{{sfn|''The Japan Times''|2014}} [[Japan Academy Film Prize]]s,{{sfn|Barsanti|2024}}{{sfn|Morgan|2014}}{{sfn|Green|2014}} [[Kinema Junpo Awards]],{{sfn|Chua|2016}}{{sfn|Komatsu|2017}} and [[Tokyo Anime Awards]].{{sfn|Loo|2014}}{{sfn|Schilling|2009}}{{sfn|West|2022}}

== Notes ==
{{clear right}}
{{Notefoot}}

== References ==
{{Reflist|19em}}

== Sources ==
=== Print sources ===
{{Refbegin|30em}}
* <!-- Batkin -->{{cite book |last=Batkin |first=Jane |title=Identity in Animation: A Journey Into Self, Difference, Culture and the Body |date=2017 |publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]] |location=Abingdon-on-Thames |isbn=978-1-317-53325-2}}
* <!-- Berton -->{{cite book |last=Berton |first=Gael |title=[[The Works of Hayao Miyazaki: The Japanese Animation Master]] |publisher=[[Third Éditions]] |date=September 2, 2020 |isbn=978-2-377-84288-9}}
* <!-- Camp -->{{cite book |last1=Camp |first1=Brian |last2=Davis |first2=Julie |title=[[Anime Classics Zettai!]]: 100 Most-See Japanese Animation Masterpieces |year=2007 |publisher=[[Stone Bridge Press]] |location=Berkeley |isbn=978-1-933330-22-8}}
* <!-- Denison -->{{cite book |last=Denison |first=Rayna |author-link=Rayna Denison |title=Studio Ghibli: An Industrial History |date=2023 |publisher=[[Palgrave Macmillan]] |location=London |series=Palgrave Animation |isbn=978-3-031-16844-4 |doi=10.1007/978-3-031-16844-4}}
* <!-- Drazen -->{{cite book |last=Drazen |first=Patrick |title=[[Anime Explosion!]] |date=January 1, 2002 |publisher=[[Stone Bridge Press]] |location=Berkeley |isbn=978-1-61172-013-6}}
* <!-- Dudok de Wit -->{{cite book |last=Dudok de Wit |first=Alex |author-link=Alex Dudok de Wit |title=Grave of the Fireflies |date=2021 |publisher=[[Bloomsbury Publishing]] |location=London |isbn=978-1-838-71924-1}}
* <!-- Greenberg -->{{cite book |title=[[Hayao Miyazaki: Exploring the Early Work of Japan's Greatest Animator]] |last=Greenberg |first=Raz |author-link=Raz Greenberg |publisher=[[Bloomsbury Academic]] |year=2018 |isbn=978-1-5013-3594-5}}
* <!-- Kano -->{{cite book |last=Kanō |first=Seiji |author-link=Seiji Kanō |script-title=ja:宮崎駿全書 |trans-title=The Complete Miyazaki Hayao |year=2006 |language=ja |publisher=Film Art Inc. |location=Tokyo |edition=2nd |pages=34–73, 323 |isbn=978-4-8459-0687-1}}
* <!-- Kelly 2019 -->{{cite book |title=The International Who's Who |volume=2 |editor-last=Kelly |editor-first=Paul |publisher=[[Routledge]] |date=2019 |isbn=978-0-367-27815-1}}
* <!-- Kelts -->{{cite book |last=Kelts |first=Roland |title=Japanamerica: How Japanese Pop Culture Has Invaded the U.S. |date=2007 |publisher=[[Palgrave Macmillan]] |isbn=978-1-4039-8476-0}}
* <!-- Lamarre -->{{cite book |last=Lamarre |first=Thomas |author-link=Thomas Lamarre |title=[[The Anime Machine: A Media Theory of Animation]] |date=October 30, 2009 |publisher=[[University of Minnesota Press]] |location=Minneapolis |isbn=978-0-8166-5155-9}}
* <!-- Lenburg -->{{cite book |last=Lenburg |first=Jeff |title=[[Hayao Miyazaki: Japan's Premier Anime Storyteller]] |year=2012 |publisher=[[Infobase Publishing]] |location=New York City |isbn=978-1-60413-841-2}}
* <!-- McCarthy 1999 -->{{cite book |last=McCarthy |first=Helen |author-link=Helen McCarthy |title=[[Hayao Miyazaki: Master of Japanese Animation]] |year=1999 |edition=2002 |publisher=[[Stone Bridge Press]] |location=Berkeley |isbn=978-1-880656-41-9}}
* <!-- McCarthy 2019 -->{{cite book |chapter=Teenage Wildlife: Princess Mononoke and Hayao Miyazaki's Theory of the Feminine |last=McCarthy |first=Helen |author-link=Helen McCarthy |title=Princess Mononoke: Understanding Studio Ghibli's Monster Princess |editor-last=Denison |editor-first=Rayna |editor-link=Rayna Denison |publisher=[[Bloomsbury Academic]] |date=2019 |pages=97–114 |doi=10.5040/9781501329753.ch-005 |isbn=978-1-5013-2976-0}}
* <!-- Miyazaki 1996 -->{{cite book |last=Miyazaki |first=Hayao |translator-last1=Cary |translator-first1=Beth |translator-last2=Schodt |translator-first2=Frederik L. |translator-link2=Frederik L. Schodt |title=[[Starting Point, 1979–1996]] |year=1996 |edition=2009 |publisher=[[Viz Media]] |location=San Francisco |isbn=978-1-4215-0594-7}}
* <!-- Miyazaki 2002 -->{{cite book |last=Miyazaki |first=Hayao |editor-last=Lu |editor-first=Alvin |title=The Art of Spirited Away |date=August 25, 2002 |publisher=[[Viz Media]] |location=San Francisco |isbn=978-1-56931-777-8}}
* <!-- Miyazaki 2006 -->{{cite book |last=Miyazaki |first=Hayao |title=The Art of Kiki's Delivery Service |date=May 9, 2006 |publisher=[[Viz Media]] |location=San Francisco |isbn=978-1-4215-0593-0}}
* <!-- Miyazaki 2007 -->{{cite book |last=Miyazaki |first=Hayao |title=The Art of Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind: Watercolor Impressions by Hayao Miyazaki |date=November 6, 2007 |publisher=[[Viz Media]] |location=San Francisco |isbn=978-1-4215-1499-4}}
* <!-- Miyazaki 2009 -->{{cite book |last=Miyazaki |first=Hayao |translator-last1=Cary |translator-first1=Beth |translator-last2=Schodt |translator-first2=Frederik L. |translator-link2=Frederik L. Schodt |title=[[Turning Point, 1997–2008]] |year=2009 |edition=2014 |publisher=[[Viz Media]] |location=San Francisco |isbn=978-1-4215-6090-8}}
* <!-- Miyazaki 2013 -->{{cite book |last=Miyazaki |first=Hayao |title=The Art of Ponyo |date=November 26, 2013 |publisher=[[Viz Media]] |location=San Francisco |isbn=978-1-4215-6602-3}}
* <!-- Nakamura Karen -->{{cite book |last1=Nakamura |first1=Karen |author-link1=Karen Nakamura |last2=Matsuo |first2=Hisako |chapter=Female masculinity and fantasy spaces |pages=58–76 |editor-last1=Roberson |editor-first1=James E. |editor-last2=Suzuki |editor-first2=Nobue |title=Men and Masculinities in Contemporary Japan: Dislocating the Salaryman Doxa |url=https://archive.org/details/menmasculinities00robe |url-access=limited |date=November 17, 2002 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |location=Abingdon-on-Thames |isbn=978-0-415-27147-9}}
* <!-- Nakamura Kengo -->{{cite book |last=Nakamura |first=Kengo |title=Mononoke Hime kara Hohokekyo Tonari no Yamada-Kun he |lang=ja |trans-title=From Princess Mononoke to My Neighbors the Yamadas |date=1999 |publisher=[[Tokuma Shoten]]}}
* <!-- Napier 1998 -->{{cite book |last=Napier |first=Susan J. |author-link=Susan J. Napier |chapter=Vampires, Psychic Girls, Flying Women and Sailor Scouts: Four faces of the young female in Japanese popular culture |pages=[https://archive.org/details/worldsofjapanese0000unse/page/91 91–109] |editor-last=Martinez |editor-first=Dolores P. |title=[[The Worlds of Japanese Popular Culture: Gender, Shifting Boundaries and Global Cultures]] |year=1998 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |location=Cambridge |isbn=978-0-521-63128-0 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/worldsofjapanese0000unse/page/91}}
* <!-- Napier 2018 -->{{cite book |title=[[Miyazakiworld: A Life in Art]] |last=Napier |first=Susan J. |author-link=Susan J. Napier |publisher=[[Yale University Press]] |year=2018 |isbn=978-0-300-22685-0}}
* <!-- Newtype -->{{cite book |title=The Wind Rises Visual Guide |author=''[[Newtype]]''<!-- italics intentional --> |date=July 20, 2011 |publisher=[[Kadokawa Shoten]] |location=Chiyoda |language=ja |isbn=978-4-0411-0510-8}}
* <!-- Odell & Le Blanc -->{{cite book |last1=Odell |first1=Colin |last2=Le Blanc |first2=Michelle |author1-link=Michelle Le Blanc and Colin Odell |author2-link=Michelle Le Blanc and Colin Odell |title=[[Studio Ghibli: The Films of Hayao Miyazaki and Isao Takahata]] |publisher=Kamera Books |date=March 26, 2009 |isbn=978-1-842-43279-2}}
* <!-- Pallant -->{{cite book |last=Pallant |first=Chris |title=Demystifying Disney: A History of Disney Feature Animation |date=2011 |publisher=[[A&C Black]] |isbn=978-1-4411-7421-5}}
* <!-- Pangilinan -->{{cite book |title=The Art of My Neighbor Totoro |editor-last=Pangilinan |editor-first1=Michelle |date=March 2013 |publisher=[[Viz Media]] |isbn=978-1-5911-6698-6}}
* <!-- Reinders -->{{cite book |last=Reinders |first=Eric |title=[[The Moral Narratives of Hayao Miyazaki]] |date=October 14, 2016 |publisher=[[McFarland & Company]] |location=Jefferson, NC |isbn=978-1-4766-6452-1}}
* <!-- Takahata -->{{cite book |last1=Takahata |first1=Isao |authorlink1=Isao Takahata |last2=Miyazaki |first2=Hayao |last3=Kotabe |first3=Youichi |script-title=ja:幻の「長くつ下のピッピ」 |language=ja |trans-title=Pippi Longstockings (That Never Saw the Light of Day) |year=2014 |publisher=[[Iwanami Shoten]] |location=Japan |isbn=978-4-000-24819-8}}
* <!-- Tasker -->{{cite book |author-link1=Yvonne Tasker |last=Tasker |first=Yvonne |title=Fifty Contemporary Film Directors |year=2011 |edition=Second |publisher=[[Routledge]] |location=Abingdon-on-Thames |isbn=978-1-136-91946-6}}
{{Refend}}

=== Journal articles ===
{{Refbegin|30em}}
* <!-- Akimoto 2013 -->{{cite journal |title=Miyazaki's new animated film and its antiwar pacifism: ''The Wind Rises'' (''Kaze Tachinu''{{--)}} |journal=Ritsumeikan Journal of Asia Pacific Studies |volume=32 |pages=165–167 |date=September 2, 2013 |last=Akimoto |first=Daisuke}}
* <!-- Akimoto 2014 -->{{cite journal |url=https://journal.animationstudies.org/daisuke-akimoto-a-pig-the-state-and-war-porco-rosso/ |title=A Pig, the State, and War: ''Porco Rosso'' (''Kurenai no Buta''{{--)}} |last=Akimoto |first=Daisuke |editor-last=Ratelle |editor-first=Amy |volume=9 |journal=Animation Studies |publisher=[[Society for Animation Studies]] |date=October 1, 2014 |access-date=March 18, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180125135022/https://journal.animationstudies.org/daisuke-akimoto-a-pig-the-state-and-war-porco-rosso/ |archive-date=January 25, 2018 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Animage 1983 -->{{cite journal |script-title=ja:ナウシカの道 連載 1 宮崎駿・マンガの系譜 |trans-title=The Road to ''Nausicaä'', episode 1, Hayao Miyazaki's Manga Genealogy |journal=[[Animage]] |publisher=[[Tokuma Shoten]] |location=Tokyo |issue=61 |date=June 10, 1983 |pages=172–173 |language=ja |ref={{harvid|''Animage''|1983}}}}
* <!-- Animage 2006 -->{{cite journal |script-title=ja:宮崎駿Xピーター・ロードXデイビッド・スプロスクトンat三鷹の森ジブリ美術館 |trans-title=Hayao Miyazaki x Peter Lord x David Sprockett at the Ghibli Museum in Mitaka |journal=[[Animage]] |publisher=[[Tokuma Shoten]] |location=Tokyo |issue=338 |date=August 2006 |page=13 |language=ja |ref={{harvid|''Animage''|2006}}}}
* <!-- Avery -->{{cite journal |title=Hayao Miyazaki |editor-last=Avery |editor-first=Laura |journal=Newsmakers |publisher=[[Gale (publisher)|Gale]] |date=2006 |issue=2 |issn=0899-0417}}
* <!-- Bye -->{{cite journal |title=Connecting the Pieces in Howl's Moving Castle |last=Bye |first=Susan |journal=Screen Education |publisher=[[Australian Teachers of Media]] |issue=74 |date=June 2014 |pages=112–117}}
* <!-- Comic Box -->{{cite journal |script-title=ja:特集宮崎駿 「風の谷のナウシカ」1 |trans-title=Special Edition Hayao Miyazaki ''Nausicaa of the Valley of the Wind'' |language=ja |journal=Comic Box |publisher=Fusion Products |issue=3 |pages=77–137 |year=1982 |ref={{harvid|Comic Box|1982}}}}
* <!-- Cotillon -->{{cite journal |last=Cotillon |first=Laurent |title=A talk between Hayao Miyazaki and Moebius |journal=[[:fr:Ciné Live|Ciné Live]] |publisher=[[:fr:Cyber Press Publishing|Cyber Press Publishing]] |issue=86 |date=January 2005 |url=http://www.nausicaa.net/miyazaki/interviews/miyazaki_moebious.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170616063255/http://www.nausicaa.net/miyazaki/interviews/miyazaki_moebious.html |archive-date=June 16, 2017}}
* <!-- Denison --> {{cite journal |title=Before Ghibli was Ghibli: Analysing the historical discourses surrounding Hayao Miyazaki's ''Castle in the Sky'' (1986) |last=Denison |first=Rayna |author-link=Rayna Denison |journal=East Asian Journal of Popular Culture |volume=4 |issue=1 |pages=31–46 |date=April 1, 2018 |issn=2051-7084 |doi=10.1386/eapc.4.1.31_1 |doi-access=free}}
* <!-- DeWeese-Boyd -->{{cite journal |title=''Shojo'' Savior: Princess Nausicaä, Ecological Pacifism, and The Green Gospel |last=DeWeese-Boyd |first=Ian |journal=[[Journal of Religion and Popular Culture]] |date=Summer 2009 |volume=21 |issue=2 |page=1 |doi=10.3138/jrpc.21.2.001 |s2cid=192177610 |url=https://philarchive.org/rec/DEWSSP}}
* <!-- Dwivedi -->{{cite journal |last=Dwivedi |first=Ram |title=A Discourse on Modern Civilization: The Cinema of Miyazaki and Gandhi |journal=International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=63–68 |url=https://www.ijhssi.org/papers/v6(6)/Version-3/J0606036368.pdf |date=June 29, 2017 |access-date=January 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191218185301/https://www.ijhssi.org/papers/v6(6)/Version-3/J0606036368.pdf |archive-date=December 18, 2019 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Greenberg -->{{cite journal |title=Hayao Miyazaki |last=Greenberg |first=Raz |author-link=Raz Greenberg |journal=Cinema and Media Studies |publisher=[[Oxford Bibliographies Online]] |date=October 28, 2020 |doi=10.1093/obo/9780199791286-0337 |isbn=978-0-19-979128-6}}
* <!-- Kono -->{{cite journal |title=Did ''Spirited Away'' Dream of Third-Wave Feminism?: From Identity Labor to Care Labor |last=Kono |first=Shintaro |journal=Hitotsubashi Journal of Arts and Literature |volume=2 |pages=9–36 |date=February 2017 |doi=10.15057/28461}}
* <!-- Loy -->{{cite journal |title=The Dharma of Miyazaki Hayao: Revenge vs. Compassion in ''Nausicaa'' and ''Mononoke'' |pages=67–75 |last1=Loy |first1=David |author-link1=David Loy |last2=Goodhew |first2=Linda |date=February 2004 |volume=14 |issue=2 |journal=Journal of the Faculty of International Studies |publisher=[[Bunkyo University]]}}
* <!-- Mayumi & Solomon -->{{cite journal |title=The ecological and consumption themes of the films of Hayao Miyazaki |last1=Mayumi |first1=Kozo |last2=Solomon |first2=Barry |journal=[[Ecological Economics (journal)|Ecological Economics]] |volume=54 |date=2005 |issue=1 |pages=1–7 |doi=10.1016/j.ecolecon.2005.03.012 |bibcode=2005EcoEc..54....1M}}
* <!-- Miyazaki 1988 -->{{cite journal |title=The Animation of Hayao Miyazaki, Isao Takahata and Studio Ghibli |pages=57–58 |language=ja |last=Miyazaki |first=Hayao |date=May 22, 1988 |publication-date=July 16, 1995 |number=1166 |editor-last=Takeuchi |editor-first=Masatoshi |journal=[[Kinema Junpo]] |location=Tokyo |publisher=Kinema Junpo}}
* <!-- Miyazaki 2014 -->{{cite journal |script-title=ja:憲法をかえるなどもってのほか |trans-title=Constitutional Amendment is Out of the Question |last=Miyazaki |first=Hayao |translator-last=Ikeda |translator-first=Asato |date=September 6, 2014 |journal=[[The Asia-Pacific Journal: Japan Focus]] |volume=12 |issue=36 |id=4176 |url=https://apjjf.org/2014/12/36/miyazaki-hayao/4176/article |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240624211713/https://apjjf.org/2014/12/36/miyazaki-hayao/4176/article |archive-date=June 24, 2024 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Mumcu & Yılmaz -->{{cite journal |title=Anime Landscapes as a Tool for Analyzing the Human–Environment Relationship: Hayao Miyazaki Films |last1=Mumcu |first1=Sema |last2=Yılmaz |first2=Serap |journal=[[Arts (journal)|Arts]] |publisher=[[MDPI]] |date=2018 |volume=7 |issue=2 |page=16 |doi=10.3390/arts7020016 |doi-access=free}}
* <!-- Noviana -->{{cite journal |title=Moral Values in Hayao Miyazaki's ''Spirited Away'': A Sociology of Literature Approach |last=Noviana |first=Fajria |journal=Humanika |publisher=[[Diponegoro University]] |date=2020 |pages=23–32 |volume=27 |issue=1 |doi=10.14710/humanika.v27i1.30548 |issn=2502-5783 |doi-access=free}}
* <!-- Osmond -->{{cite journal |last=Osmond |first=Andrew |author-link=Andrew Osmond (journalist) |title=''Nausicaä'' and the Fantasy of Hayao Miyazaki |journal=[[Foundation (journal)|Foundation]] |publisher=[[Science Fiction Foundation]] |location=England |issue=72 |pages=57–81 |date=Spring 1998 |url=http://www.nausicaa.net/miyazaki/nausicaa/article_ao_foundation.txt |access-date=March 17, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171211144036/http://www.nausicaa.net/miyazaki/nausicaa/article_ao_foundation.txt |archive-date=December 11, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Reider -->{{cite journal |last=Reider |first=Noriko T. |author-link=Noriko T. Reider |title=''Spirited Away'': Film of the Fantastic and Evolving Japanese Folk Symbols |journal=Film Criticism |publisher=[[Michigan Publishing]] |location=Meadville |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=4–27 |date=March 2005}}
* <!-- Saitani -->{{cite journal |last=Saitani |first=Ryo |script-title=ja:少し前よりもナウシカの事少しわかるようになった |trans-title=I Understand ''Nausicaä'' a Bit More than I Did a Little While Ago |language=ja |journal=Comic Box |publisher=Fusion Products |issue=98 |pages=6–37 |year=1995}}
* <!-- Talbot -->{{cite magazine |last=Talbot |first=Margaret |title=The Auteur of Anime |magazine=[[The New Yorker]] |publisher=[[Condé Nast]] |location=New York City |volume=80 |issue=43 |pages=64–75 |date=January 17, 2005 |author-link=Margaret Talbot}}
* <!-- Toscano -->{{cite journal |title=Miyazaki's Reality |last=Toscano |first=Michael |journal=[[First Things]] |issue=291 |page=55 |publisher=Institute on Religion and Public Life |date=March 2019 |issn=1047-5141 |id={{Gale|A577027881}}}}
* <!-- Trafí-Prats -->{{cite journal |title=Girls' Aesthetics of Existence in/With Hayao Miyazaki's Films |last=Trafí-Prats |first=Laura |journal=[[Cultural Studies ↔ Critical Methodologies]] |publisher=[[SAGE Publications]] |date=2016 |volume=17 |issue=5 |pages=375–383 |issn=1532-7086 |doi=10.1177/1532708616674996 |s2cid=151528035 |url=https://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/619707/2/Girls%20aesthetics%20of%20existence%20in%20with%20Hayao%20Miyazakis%20films.pdf |access-date=January 22, 2024 |archive-date=December 8, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231208062005/https://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/619707/2/Girls%20aesthetics%20of%20existence%20in%20with%20Hayao%20Miyazakis%20films.pdf |url-status=live}}
{{Refend}}

=== Web sources ===
{{Refbegin|30em}}
* <!-- ! Animations 2008 -->{{cite web |url=https://www.animations-cc.net/festivals/f_mainichi01.html |script-title=ja:毎日映画コンクール |trans-title=Everyday Movie Competition |language=ja |work=Animations |date=2008 |access-date=June 4, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130128013630/https://www.animations-cc.net/festivals/f_mainichi01.html |archive-date=January 28, 2013 |ref={{harvid|''Animations''|2008}}}}
* <!-- "21st" BBC -->{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20160819-the-21st-centurys-100-greatest-films |title=The 21st Century's 100 greatest films |publisher=[[BBC]] |date=August 23, 2016 |access-date=August 31, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200515161006/https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20160819-the-21st-centurys-100-greatest-films |archive-date=May 15, 2020 |url-status=live |ref={{harvid|BBC|2016}}}}
* <!-- "Aardman" Japan Times 2006 -->{{cite web |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2006/11/24/events/events-outside-tokyo/aardman-exhibits-new-miyazaki-anime-on-view/ |title=Aardman exhibits, new Miyazaki anime on view |work=[[The Japan Times]] |publisher=Nifco |date=November 24, 2006 |access-date=May 22, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160919035538/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2006/11/24/events/events-outside-tokyo/aardman-exhibits-new-miyazaki-anime-on-view/ |archive-date=September 19, 2016 |url-status=live |ref={{harvid|''The Japan Times''|2006}}}}
* <!-- Abad --> {{cite news |url=https://www.rappler.com/world/asia-pacific/ramon-magsaysay-awardees-2024/ |title=Studio Ghibli founder Miyazaki Hayao among 2024 Ramon Magsaysay awardees |last=Abad |first=Michelle |work=[[Rappler]] |date=August 31, 2024 |access-date=August 31, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240901004719/https://www.rappler.com/world/asia-pacific/ramon-magsaysay-awardees-2024/ |archive-date=September 1, 2024 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Abramovitch -->{{cite web |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/spirited-away-film-oscars-records-history-1235052088/ |title=Hollywood Flashback: ''Spirited Away'' Broke Records and Made Oscar History |last=Abramovitch |first=Seth |work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |publisher=[[Eldridge Industries]] |date=December 1, 2021 |access-date=June 7, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211202000313/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/spirited-away-film-oscars-records-history-1235052088/ |archive-date=December 2, 2021 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Accomando -->{{cite web |url=https://www.kpbs.org/news/2009/may/29/interview-director-peter-docter/ |title=Interview with ''Up'' Director Peter Docter |last=Accomando |first=Beth |author-link=Beth Accomando |work=[[KPBS Public Media]] |publisher=[[San Diego State University]] |date=May 29, 2009 |access-date=May 22, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170212095339/https://www.kpbs.org/news/2009/may/29/interview-director-peter-docter/ |archive-date=February 12, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Akagawa -->{{cite web |url=https://ajw.asahi.com/article/behind_news/people/AJ201309060087 |title=Excerpts of Hayao Miyazaki's news conference announcing his retirement |last=Akagawa |first=Roy |work=[[Asahi Shimbun]] |date=September 6, 2013 |access-date=March 31, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130907110113/https://ajw.asahi.com/article/behind_news/people/AJ201309060087 |archive-date=September 7, 2013}}
* <!-- Amidi -->{{cite web |url=https://www.cartoonbrew.com/anime/the-boy-and-the-heron-becomes-all-time-highest-grossing-original-anime-in-u-s-235992.html |title=''The Boy And The Heron'' Becomes All-Time Highest-Grossing Original Anime in U.S. |last=Amidi |first=Amid |author-link=Amid Amidi |work=[[Cartoon Brew]] |date=December 17, 2023 |access-date=September 1, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250901002736/https://www.cartoonbrew.com/anime/the-boy-and-the-heron-becomes-all-time-highest-grossing-original-anime-in-u-s-235992.html |archive-date=September 1, 2025 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Andrews -->{{cite web |url=https://www.ft.com/content/698539fe-2974-11da-8a5e-00000e2511c8 |title=Japan's visionary of innocence and apocalypse |last=Andrews |first=Nigel |work=[[Financial Times]] |publisher=[[The Nikkei]] |date=September 20, 2005 |access-date=May 22, 2017 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6qeB5cz5A?url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/698539fe-2974-11da-8a5e-00000e2511c8.html?ft_site=falcon&desktop=true |archive-date=May 22, 2017}}
* <!-- "Animage" Anime News Network -->{{cite news |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2001-01-15/animage-top-100-anime-listing |title=Animage Top-100 Anime Listing |work=[[Anime News Network]] |date=January 16, 2001 |access-date=March 16, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170122121123/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2001-01-15/animage-top-100-anime-listing |archive-date=January 22, 2017 |url-status=live |ref={{harvid|Anime News Network|2001}}}}
* <!-- Arakawa -->{{cite episode |last=Arakawa |first=Kaku (director) |date=March 30, 2019 |title=Drawing What's Real |number=2 |series=10 Years with Hayao Miyazaki |publisher=[[NHK]] |location=Japan |language=ja}}
* <!-- Armitage -->{{cite web |url=https://www.digitalspy.com/movies/news/a439710/studio-ghibli-unveils-two-films-the-wind-rises-princess-kaguya/ |title=Studio Ghibli unveils two films ''The Wind Rises'', ''Princess Kaguya'' |last=Armitage |first=Hugh |work=[[Digital Spy]] |publisher=[[Hearst Communications]] |date=November 21, 2012 |access-date=March 31, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180903215425/https://www.digitalspy.com/movies/news/a439710/studio-ghibli-unveils-two-films-the-wind-rises-princess-kaguya/ |archive-date=September 3, 2018 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Ashcraft 2013 -->{{cite web |url=https://kotaku.com/visit-the-real-princess-mononoke-forest-1282488846 |title=Visit the Real ''Princess Mononoke'' Forest |last=Ashcraft |first=Brian |work=[[Kotaku]] |publisher=[[Gawker Media]] |date=September 10, 2013 |access-date=March 19, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170226021637/https://kotaku.com/visit-the-real-princess-mononoke-forest-1282488846 |archive-date=February 26, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Ball -->{{cite web |url=https://www.animationmagazine.net/features/miyazakis-ponyo-hits-b-o-milestone/ |title=Miyazaki's ''Ponyo'' Hits B.O. Milestone |last=Ball |first=Ryan |work=[[Animation Magazine]] |date=August 25, 2008 |access-date=March 30, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180522111346/https://www.animationmagazine.net/features/miyazakis-ponyo-hits-b-o-milestone/ |archive-date=May 22, 2018 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Barsanti -->{{cite web |url=https://www.avclub.com/godzilla-minus-one-japanese-academy-awards-1851323762 |title=''Godzilla Minus One'' crushed everybody at the Japanese Academy Awards |last=Barsanti |first=Sam |work=[[The A.V. Club]] |publisher=[[G/O Media]] |date=March 10, 2024 |access-date=March 14, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240310174719/https://www.avclub.com/godzilla-minus-one-japanese-academy-awards-1851323762 |archive-date=March 10, 2024 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Baseel 2014 -->{{cite web |url=https://en.rocketnews24.com/2014/01/30/ghiblis-hayao-miyazaki-says-the-anime-industrys-problem-is-that-its-full-of-anime-fans/ |title=Ghibli's Hayao Miyazaki says the anime industry's problem is that it's full of anime fans |last=Baseel |first=Casey |work=RocketNews24 |publisher=Socio Corporation |date=January 30, 2014 |access-date=April 3, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170323081023/http://en.rocketnews24.com/2014/01/30/ghiblis-hayao-miyazaki-says-the-anime-industrys-problem-is-that-its-full-of-anime-fans/ |archive-date=March 23, 2017 |url-status=live |ref={{harvid|Baseel|2014a}}}}
* <!-- Baseel 2014 -->{{cite web |url=https://en.rocketnews24.com/2014/12/12/hayao-miyazaki-reveals-the-kind-of-otaku-he-hates-the-most/ |title=Hayao Miyazaki reveals the kind of otaku he hates the most |last=Baseel |first=Casey |work=RocketNews24 |publisher=Socio Corporation |date=December 12, 2014 |access-date=April 3, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170309223703/https://en.rocketnews24.com/2014/12/12/hayao-miyazaki-reveals-the-kind-of-otaku-he-hates-the-most/ |archive-date=March 9, 2017 |url-status=live |ref={{harvid|Baseel|2014b}}}}
* <!-- Bayle -->{{cite news |url=https://entertainment.inquirer.net/244754/hayao-miyazaki-modeled-character-in-laputa-castle-in-the-sky-after-his-mom |title=Hayao Miyazaki modeled character in ''Laputa: Castle in the Sky'' after his mom |last=Bayle |first=Alfred |newspaper=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]] |publisher=[[Inquirer Group of Companies]] |date=October 4, 2017 |access-date=September 11, 2019}}
* <!-- Bellot -->{{cite web |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2016/10/hayao-miyazaki-and-the-art-of-being-a-woman/503978/ |title=Hayao Miyazaki and the Art of Being a Woman |last=Bellot |first=Gabrielle |work=[[The Atlantic]] |publisher=[[Atlantic Media]] |date=October 19, 2016 |access-date=May 8, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161128000858/https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2016/10/hayao-miyazaki-and-the-art-of-being-a-woman/503978/ |archive-date=November 28, 2016 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Blum -->{{cite web |url=https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/article/1296325/miyazakis-newest-film-soars-despite-criticism |title=Animation legend Hayao Miyazaki under attack in Japan for anti-war film |last=Blum |first=Jeremy |work=[[South China Morning Post]] |publisher=[[Alibaba Group]] |date=August 13, 2013 |access-date=March 18, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170330014643/https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/article/1296325/miyazakis-newest-film-soars-despite-criticism |archive-date=March 30, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Bose 2021 -->{{cite web |url=https://faroutmagazine.co.uk/hayao-miyazaki-studio-ghibli-life-career-films/ |title=Hayao Miyazaki: The life and lasting influence of the Studio Ghibli auteur-animator |last=Bose |first=Swapnil Dhruv |work=Far Out |date=January 5, 2021 |access-date=April 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210105115729/https://faroutmagazine.co.uk/hayao-miyazaki-studio-ghibli-life-career-films/ |archive-date=January 5, 2021 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Bose 2023 -->{{cite web |url=https://faroutmagazine.co.uk/hedgehog-in-the-fog-hayao-miyazaki/ |title=''Hedgehog in the Fog'': The Soviet animated film that influenced Hayao Miyazaki |last=Bose |first=Swapnil Dhruv |work=Far Out |date=February 23, 2023 |access-date=July 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302194014/https://faroutmagazine.co.uk/hedgehog-in-the-fog-hayao-miyazaki/ |archive-date=March 2, 2023 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Boyce -->{{cite web |url=https://cineuropa.org/en/interview/373792/ |title=Gints Zilbalodis • Director of ''Away'' |last=Boyce |first=Laurence |work=[[Cineuropa]] |date=June 11, 2019 |access-date=March 11, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190611224551/https://cineuropa.org/en/interview/373792/ |archive-date=June 11, 2019 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Brady -->{{cite news |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/film/mamoru-hosoda-s-poignant-and-strange-inversion-of-it-s-a-wonderful-life-1.3676853 |title=Mamoru Hosoda's poignant and strange inversion of ''It's a Wonderful Life'' |last=Brady |first=Tara |newspaper=[[The Irish Times]] |publisher=Irish Times Trust |date=October 30, 2018 |access-date=March 20, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181030085552/https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/film/mamoru-hosoda-s-poignant-and-strange-inversion-of-it-s-a-wonderful-life-1.3676853 |archive-date=October 30, 2018 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Broadway -->{{cite web |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/media-telecom/los-angeles-museum-unveils-immersive-ponyo-exhibit-by-hayao-miyazaki-2026-02-14/|title=Los Angeles museum unveils immersive ''Ponyo'' exhibit by Hayao Miyazaki |last=Broadway |first=Danielle |publisher=[[Reuters]] |date=February 14, 2026 |accessdate=February 16, 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260216003052/https://www.reuters.com/business/media-telecom/los-angeles-museum-unveils-immersive-ponyo-exhibit-by-hayao-miyazaki-2026-02-14/ |archivedate=February 16, 2026 |url-status=live }}
* <!-- Brooks -->{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2005/sep/14/japan.awardsandprizes |title=A god among animators |last=Brooks |first=Xan |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=September 15, 2005 |access-date=March 17, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170302194032/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2005/sep/14/japan.awardsandprizes |archive-date=March 2, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Brzeski 2014 -->{{cite web |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/john-lasseter-pays-emotional-tribute-743635 |title=John Lasseter Pays Emotional Tribute to Hayao Miyazaki at Tokyo Film Festival |last=Brzeski |first=Patrick |work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |publisher=[[Eldridge Industries]] |date=October 24, 2014 |access-date=May 22, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170509210432/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/john-lasseter-pays-emotional-tribute-743635 |archive-date=May 9, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Brzeski 2020 -->{{cite web |last=Brzeski |first=Patrick |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/demon-slayer-overtakes-spirited-away-to-become-japans-biggest-box-office-hit-ever |title=''Demon Slayer'' Overtakes ''Spirited Away'' to Become Japan's Biggest Box Office Hit Ever |work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |publisher=[[PMRC]] |date=December 28, 2020 |access-date=March 3, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228092745/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/demon-slayer-overtakes-spirited-away-to-become-japans-biggest-box-office-hit-ever |archive-date=December 28, 2020 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Calvario -->{{cite web |url=https://www.indiewire.com/2016/08/studio-ghibli-techniques-work-creating-animated-film-1201712756/ |title=Studio Ghibli: The Techniques & Unimaginable Work That Goes Into Each Animation Revealed |last=Calvario |first=Liz |work=[[IndieWire]] |publisher=[[Penske Media Corporation]] |date=August 3, 2016 |access-date=May 22, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170508211435/https://www.indiewire.com/2016/08/studio-ghibli-techniques-work-creating-animated-film-1201712756/ |archive-date=May 8, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Cappello -->{{cite magazine |url=https://www.newyorker.com/online/content/?050117on_onlineonly01 |title=The Animated Life |last=Cappello |first=Daniel |magazine=[[The New Yorker]] |publisher=[[Condé Nast]] |date=January 10, 2005 |access-date=May 4, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060524092154/https://www.newyorker.com/online/content/?050117on_onlineonly01 |archive-date=May 24, 2006}}
* <!-- Cadorniga -->{{cite web |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2015-05-16/miyazaki-helps-to-create-figure-for-upcoming-manga/.88128 |title=Miyazaki Helps to Create Figure for Upcoming Manga |last=Cadorniga |first=Carlos |work=[[Anime News Network]] |date=May 17, 2015 |access-date=July 14, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150519232542/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2015-05-16/miyazaki-helps-to-create-figure-for-upcoming-manga/.88128 |archive-date=May 19, 2015 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Castro -->{{cite web |url=https://www.blastr.com/2009/08/legendary_animator_miyaza.php |title=Legendary animator Miyazaki reveals ''Ponyo''{{'}}s inspirations |last=Castro |first=Adam-Troy |work=[[Sci Fi Wire]] |publisher=[[Syfy]] |date=December 14, 2012 |access-date=March 24, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170611065056/https://www.blastr.com/2009/08/legendary_animator_miyaza.php |archive-date=June 11, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Cheng -->{{cite web |url=https://qz.com/859454/the-director-of-spirited-away-says-animation-made-by-artificial-intelligence-is-an-insult-to-life-itself |title='An insult to life itself': Hayao Miyazaki critiques an animation made by artificial intelligence |last=Cheng |first=Selina |author-link=Selina Cheng |work=[[Quartz (publication)|Quartz]] |publisher=[[Atlantic Media]] |date=December 10, 2016 |access-date=March 30, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161210154453/https://qz.com/859454/the-director-of-spirited-away-says-animation-made-by-artificial-intelligence-is-an-insult-to-life-itself |archive-date=December 10, 2016 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Chitwood -->{{cite web |url=https://collider.com/guillermo-del-toro-hayao-miyazaki-alien/ |title=Guillermo del Toro Talks His Favorite Kaiju Movies, Hayao Miyazaki, Why He's Not Likely to Direct a Film in an Established Franchise, and More |last=Chitwood |first=Adam |work=[[Collider (website)|Collider]] |publisher=[[Complex (magazine)|Complex]] |date=July 12, 2013 |access-date=May 22, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170507215123/https://collider.com/guillermo-del-toro-hayao-miyazaki-alien/ |archive-date=May 7, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Chua -->{{cite web |url=https://www.nst.com.my/news/2016/09/172214/other-worldly-neighbour |title=An other-worldy neighbour |last=Chua |first=Dennis |work=[[New Straits Times]] |publisher=[[Media Prima]] |date=September 10, 2016 |access-date=June 7, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160911061829/https://www.nst.com.my/news/2016/09/172214/other-worldly-neighbour |archive-date=September 11, 2016 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Collin -->{{cite web |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/10204140/Studio-Ghibli-Japans-dream-factory.html |title=Studio Ghibli: Japan's dream factory |last=Collin |first=Robbie |author-link=Robbie Collin |work=[[Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]] |publisher=[[Telegraph Media Group]] |date=August 2, 2013 |access-date=March 25, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170318234802/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/10204140/Studio-Ghibli-Japans-dream-factory.html |archive-date=March 18, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Dargis -->{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/06/09/movies/the-25-best-films-of-the-21st-century.html |title=The 25 Best Films of the 21st century So Far. |last1=Dargis |first1=Manohla |author-link1=Manohla Dargis |last2=Scott |first2=A.O. |author-link2=A. O. Scott |last3=Del Toro |first3=Guillermo |authorlink3=Guillermo del Toro |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=June 9, 2017 |access-date=August 31, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170609103333/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/06/09/movies/the-25-best-films-of-the-21st-century.html |archive-date=June 9, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Davis -->{{cite web |url=https://screenrant.com/studio-ghibli-anime-movie-oscars-inspiration-flow-factoid/ |title=The Oscars Snubbed Anime This Year, But Studio Ghibli Inspired One of Its Top Nominees |last=Davis |first=Angela |work=[[Screen Rant]] |publisher=[[Valnet]] |date=February 13, 2025 |access-date=March 11, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250215044134/https://screenrant.com/studio-ghibli-anime-movie-oscars-inspiration-flow-factoid/ |archive-date=February 15, 2025 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Del Barco -->{{cite web |url=https://www.npr.org/2021/10/02/1042155204/academy-museum-hayao-miyazaki-studio-ghibli-exhibition |title=You can now enter Hayao Miyazaki's enchanting animated world at the Academy Museum |last=Del Barco |first=Mandalit |publisher=[[NPR]] |date=October 2, 2021 |access-date=April 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211002095752/https://www.npr.org/2021/10/02/1042155204/academy-museum-hayao-miyazaki-studio-ghibli-exhibition |archive-date=October 2, 2021 |url-status=live |author-link=Mandalit del Barco}}
* <!-- Del Toro -->{{cite magazine |url=https://time.com/6964119/hayao-miyazaki/ |title=Hayao Miyazaki Is on the 2024 TIME100 List |last=Del Toro |first=Guillermo |author-link=Guillermo del Toro |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |date=April 18, 2024 |access-date=April 22, 2024 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240417111054/https://time.com/6964119/hayao-miyazaki/ |archivedate=April 17, 2024 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Denham -->{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/studio-ghibli-producer-attempts-to-explain-its-lack-of-female-directors-women-tend-to-be-more-a7068636.html |title=Studio Ghibli hires male directors because they have a 'more idealistic' approach to fantasy than women |last=Denham |first=Jess |work=[[The Independent]] |date=June 7, 2016 |access-date=June 5, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170624172944/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/studio-ghibli-producer-attempts-to-explain-its-lack-of-female-directors-women-tend-to-be-more-a7068636.html |archive-date=June 24, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- "Developer" Nintendo -->{{cite web |url=https://www.nintendo.com/games/gamepage/developerinfo.jsp?gameId=823 |title=Developer Interview Part I – ''Legend of Zelda: The Wind Waker'' |publisher=[[Nintendo]] |date=2002 |access-date=May 22, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021220095620/https://www.nintendo.com/games/gamepage/developerinfo.jsp?gameId=823 |archive-date=December 20, 2002 |ref={{harvid|Nintendo|2002}}}}
* <!-- Dietz -->{{cite web |url=https://www.metacritic.com/feature/film-critics-pick-the-best-movies-of-the-decade |title=Critics Pick the Best Movies of the Decade |last=Dietz |first=Jason |work=[[Metacritic]] |publisher=[[CBS Interactive]] |date=January 3, 2010 |access-date=March 24, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170204092604/https://www.metacritic.com/feature/film-critics-pick-the-best-movies-of-the-decade |archive-date=February 4, 2017}}
* <!-- Dunn -->{{cite web |last1=Dunn |first1=Jack |last2=Kuznikov |first2=Selena |last3=Tangcay |first3=Jazz |last4=Thompson |first4=Jaden |url=https://variety.com/lists/gold-house-a100-honoree-list-2024/hayao-miyazaki/ |title=Keanu Reeves, Jung Kook, Hayao Miyazaki Among Gold House's A100 Honorees |work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |publisher=[[Penske Media Corporation]] |date=May 1, 2024 |access-date=May 11, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240503090904/https://variety.com/lists/gold-house-a100-honoree-list-2024/hayao-miyazaki/ |archive-date=May 3, 2024 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Ebert 1999 -->{{cite web |url=https://www.industrycentral.net/director_interviews/HM01.HTM |title=Director Miyazaki draws American attention |last=Ebert |first=Roger |author-link=Roger Ebert |work=[[Chicago Sun-Times]] |publisher=[[Sun-Times Media Group]] |date=October 24, 1999 |access-date=March 19, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180131080957/https://www.industrycentral.net/director_interviews/HM01.HTM |archive-date=January 31, 2018}}
* <!-- Ebert 2002 -->{{cite web |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/interviews/hayao-miyazaki-interview |title=Hayao Miyazaki interview |last=Ebert |first=Roger |author-link=Roger Ebert |work=RogerEbert.com |publisher=Ebert Digital |date=September 12, 2002 |access-date=May 22, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170509053201/https://www.rogerebert.com/interviews/hayao-miyazaki-interview |archive-date=May 9, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Egan -->{{cite web |url=https://www.pastemagazine.com/movies/hayao-miyazaki/hayao-miyazakis-legacy-is-far-greater-than-his-fil/ |title=Hayao Miyazaki's Legacy Is Far Greater Than His Films |last=Egan |first=Toussaint |work=[[Paste (magazine)|Paste]] |publisher=Paste Media Group |date=June 25, 2017 |access-date=April 21, 2021 |archive-date=January 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110020118/https://www.nwaonline.com/news/2021/jan/08/celebrating-legacy-of-a-legendary-animator/ |url-status=live}}
* <!-- "Executive" Ghibli World 2007 -->{{cite web |url=http://www.ghibliworld.com/suzuki_toshio_interview.html |title=Executive Producer & Former President of Studio Ghibli Suzuki Toshio Reveals the Story Behind ''Ponyo'' |publisher=Ghibli World |date=2007 |access-date=March 30, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080305214642/http://www.ghibliworld.com/suzuki_toshio_interview.html |archive-date=March 5, 2008 |ref={{harvid|Ghibli World|2007}}}}
* <!-- Evans -->{{cite web |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/hayao-miyazaki-studio-ghibli-ai-trend-b2723358.html |title=Hayao Miyazaki's 'disgusted' thoughts on AI resurface following Studio Ghibli trend |last=Evans |first=Greg |work=[[The Independent]] |date=March 28, 2025 |access-date=March 30, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250329233629/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/hayao-miyazaki-studio-ghibli-ai-trend-b2723358.html |archive-date=March 29, 2025 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Foundas -->{{cite web |url=https://variety.com/2013/film/reviews/the-wind-rises-review-venice-toronto-1200592219/ |title=''The Wind Rises'' Review: Hayao Miyazaki's Haunting Epic |last=Foundas |first=Scott |author-link=Scott Foundas |work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |publisher=[[Penske Media Corporation]] |date=August 29, 2013 |access-date=March 31, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170223052129/https://variety.com/2013/film/reviews/the-wind-rises-review-venice-toronto-1200592219/ |archive-date=February 23, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Fujii -->{{cite web |url=https://blogs.wsj.com/japanrealtime/2013/07/26/japanese-anime-legend-miyazaki-denounces-push-to-change-the-peace-constitution/ |title=Japanese Anime Legend Miyazaki Denounces Push to Change the 'Peace Constitution' |last=Fujii |first=Moeko |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |publisher=[[Dow Jones & Company]] |date=July 26, 2013 |access-date=April 13, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180121070822/https://blogs.wsj.com/japanrealtime/2013/07/26/japanese-anime-legend-miyazaki-denounces-push-to-change-the-peace-constitution/ |archive-date=January 21, 2018 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Fuster -->{{cite web |url=https://www.thewrap.com/princess-mononoke-hayao-miyazaki-20th-anniversary-trivia/ |title=''Princess Mononoke'' Turns 20: 10 Things You Probably Didn't Know About The Animated Classic (Photos) |last=Fuster |first=Jeremy |work=[[TheWrap]] |date=January 5, 2017 |access-date=June 7, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170106211228/https://www.thewrap.com/princess-mononoke-hayao-miyazaki-20th-anniversary-trivia/ |archive-date=January 6, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Gaulene -->{{cite web |url=https://www.inaglobal.fr/en/cinema/article/studio-ghibli-new-force-animation |title=Studio Ghibli, A New Force in Animation |last=Gaulène |first=Mathieu |work=INA Global |publisher=[[:fr:Institut national de l'audiovisuel|National Audiovisual Institute]] |date=April 4, 2011 |access-date=March 18, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161028185105/https://www.inaglobal.fr/en/cinema/article/studio-ghibli-new-force-animation |archive-date=October 28, 2016 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Ghibli Museum -->{{cite web |url=https://www.ghibli-museum.jp/snowqueen/intro/ |script-title=ja:映画『雪の女王』新訳版公式サイト - イントロダクション |language=ja |trans-title=Official website for the new translation of the movie ''Snow Queen'' |author=[[Ghibli Museum Library]] |publisher=Tokuma Memorial Cultural Foundation for Animation |date=2007 |access-date=December 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071015034733/https://www.ghibli-museum.jp/snowqueen/intro/ |archive-date=October 15, 2007 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Gold -->{{cite web |url=https://en.rocketnews24.com/2016/07/14/studio-ghibli-letter-sheds-new-light-on-spirited-away-mysteries/ |title=Studio Ghibli letter sheds new light on ''Spirited Away'' mysteries |last=Gold |first=Corey |work=RocketNews24 |publisher=Socio Corporation |date=July 14, 2016 |access-date=March 24, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170307000504/https://en.rocketnews24.com/2016/07/14/studio-ghibli-letter-sheds-new-light-on-spirited-away-mysteries/ |archive-date=March 7, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Green -->{{cite web |url=https://www.crunchyroll.com/anime-news/2014/03/10/the-wind-rises-takes-animation-prize-at-japan-academy-awards |title=''The Wind Rises'' Takes Animation Prize at Japan Academy Awards |last=Green |first=Scott |work=[[Crunchyroll]] |publisher=Ellation |date=March 11, 2014 |access-date=March 31, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170121211305/https://www.crunchyroll.com/anime-news/2014/03/10/the-wind-rises-takes-animation-prize-at-japan-academy-awards |archive-date=January 21, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Hamessley -->{{cite web |url=https://www.tor.com/2010/07/08/interview-michael-dante-dimartino-and-bryan-konietzko-creators-of-avatar-the-last-airbender/ |title=Interview: Michael Dante DiMartino and Bryan Konietzko, Creators of the Original Televised ''Avatar: The Last Airbender'' |last1=Hamessley |first1=London |last2=London |first2=Matt |work=[[Tor Books]] |publisher=[[Macmillan Publishers]] |date=July 8, 2010 |access-date=May 22, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170627101555/https://www.tor.com/2010/07/08/interview-michael-dante-dimartino-and-bryan-konietzko-creators-of-avatar-the-last-airbender/ |archive-date=June 27, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Hairston -->{{cite web |url=https://utd500.utdallas.edu/~hairston/kiki.html |title=''Kiki's Delivery Service'' |last=Hairston |first=Marc |publisher=[[University of Texas at Dallas]] |date=November 1998 |access-date=March 18, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070820195726/https://utd500.utdallas.edu/~hairston/kiki.html |archive-date=August 20, 2007}}
* <!-- Han -->{{cite web |url=https://www.polygon.com/animation-cartoons/2020/5/29/21274485/10-years-with-hayao-miyazaki-documentary-streaming-studio-ghibli-nhk |title=Watch the 4-hour documentary that unravels Hayao Miyazaki's obsessions |last=Han |first=Karen |work=[[Polygon (website)|Polygon]] |publisher=[[Vox Media]] |date=May 20, 2020 |access-date=September 2, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603003612/https://www.polygon.com/animation-cartoons/2020/5/29/21274485/10-years-with-hayao-miyazaki-documentary-streaming-studio-ghibli-nhk |archive-date=June 3, 2020 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Harding -->{{cite web |url=https://www.crunchyroll.com/news/latest/2024/4/1/the-boy-and-the-heron-arrietty-59th-highest-grossing-film-japan |title=''The Boy and the Heron'' Ties ''Arrietty'' as 59th Highest-Grossing Film of All-Time in Japan |last=Harding |first=Daryl |publisher=[[Crunchyroll]] |date=April 2, 2024 |access-date=September 1, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240402044512/https://www.crunchyroll.com/news/latest/2024/4/1/the-boy-and-the-heron-arrietty-59th-highest-grossing-film-japan |archive-date=April 2, 2024 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Havis 2016 -->{{cite web |url=https://www.scmp.com/magazines/post-magazine/arts-music/article/1997770/flashback-porco-rosso-genius-animator-hayao |title=Flashback: ''Porco Rosso'' – genius animator Hayao Miyazaki's most personal film |last=Havis |first=Richard James |work=[[South China Morning Post]] |publisher=[[Alibaba Group]] |date=August 6, 2016 |access-date=March 18, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170503190223/https://www.scmp.com/magazines/post-magazine/arts-music/article/1997770/flashback-porco-rosso-genius-animator-hayao |archive-date=May 3, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Havis 2020 -->{{cite web |url=https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/entertainment/article/3104354/hayao-miyazaki-beginners-who-studio-ghibli-founder-and |title=Hayao Miyazaki's movies: why are they so special? |last=Havis |first=Richard James |work=[[South China Morning Post]] |publisher=[[Alibaba Group]] |date=October 6, 2020 |access-date=April 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201006214253/https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/entertainment/article/3104354/hayao-miyazaki-beginners-who-studio-ghibli-founder-and |archive-date=October 6, 2020 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Hawkes -->{{cite web |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/film-news/11417395/Hayao-Miyazaki-Charlie-Hebdo-Mohammed-cartoons-were-a-mistake.html |title=Hayao Miyazaki: ''Charlie Hebdo'' Mohammed cartoons were 'a mistake' |last=Hawkes |first=Rebecca |work=[[Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]] |publisher=[[Telegraph Media Group]] |date=February 17, 2015 |access-date=April 13, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316015946/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/film-news/11417395/Hayao-Miyazaki-Charlie-Hebdo-Mohammed-cartoons-were-a-mistake.html |archive-date=March 16, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Hipes -->{{cite web |url=https://deadline.com/2024/02/annie-awards-2024-winners-list-1235827577/ |title=Annie Awards: ''Spider-Man: Across The Spider-Verse'' Takes Best Feature And Tops Winners List; ''Blue Eye Samurai'' Dominates TV |last=Hipes |first=Patrick |work=[[Deadline Hollywood]] |publisher=[[Penske Media Corporation]] |date=February 17, 2024 |access-date=February 18, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218062451/https://deadline.com/2024/02/annie-awards-2024-winners-list-1235827577/ |archive-date=February 18, 2024 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Hodgkins 2022 -->{{cite web |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2022-12-13/hayao-miyazaki-how-do-you-live-film-opens-in-japan-on-july-14-2023/.192872 |title=Hayao Miyazaki's ''How Do You Live?'' Film Opens in Japan on July 14, 2023 |last=Hodgkins |first=Crystalyn |work=[[Anime News Network]] |date=December 13, 2022 |access-date=December 13, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221213080632/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2022-12-13/hayao-miyazaki-how-do-you-live-film-opens-in-japan-on-july-14-2023/.192872 |archive-date=December 13, 2022 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Hodgkins 2024 -->{{cite web |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2024-01-19/maboroshi-the-boy-and-the-heron-godzilla-minus-one-win-at-mainichi-film-awards/.206679 |title=''Maboroshi'', ''The Boy and the Heron'', ''Godzilla Minus One'' Win at Mainichi Film Awards |last=Hodgkins |first=Crystalyn |work=[[Anime News Network]] |date=January 20, 2024 |access-date=October 8, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240120024444/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2024-01-19/maboroshi-the-boy-and-the-heron-godzilla-minus-one-win-at-mainichi-film-awards/.206679 |archive-date=January 20, 2024 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Holland -->{{cite web |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2025/03/27/style/chatgpt-studio-ghibli-ai-images-intl-hnk/index.html |title=Viral Studio Ghibli-style AI images showcase power – and copyright concerns – of ChatGPT update |last=Holland |first=Oscar |publisher=[[CNN]] |date=March 28, 2025 |access-date=March 30, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250328071007/https://edition.cnn.com/2025/03/27/style/chatgpt-studio-ghibli-ai-images-intl-hnk/index.html |archive-date=March 28, 2025 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Hollister -->{{cite web |url=https://www.theverge.com/2023/9/8/23864856/studio-ghibli-hayao-miyazaki-retirement-postponed-yet-again |title=Surprise: Studio Ghibli's Hayao Miyazaki has failed to retire a fourth time |last=Hollister |first=Sean |work=[[The Verge]] |publisher=[[Vox Media]] |date=September 9, 2023 |access-date=November 29, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230908194606/https://www.theverge.com/2023/9/8/23864856/studio-ghibli-hayao-miyazaki-retirement-postponed-yet-again |archive-date=September 8, 2023 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Howe 2003a -->{{cite web |url=https://jimhillmedia.com/alumni1/b/michael_howe/archive/2003/04/15/1391.aspx |title=The Making of Hayao Miyazaki's ''Spirited Away'' – Part 1 |last=Howe |first=Michael |publisher=Jim Hill Media |date=April 14, 2003 |access-date=March 24, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170330025215/https://jimhillmedia.com/alumni1/b/michael_howe/archive/2003/04/15/1391.aspx |archive-date=March 30, 2017 |url-status=live |ref={{harvid|Howe|2003a}}}}
* <!-- Howe 2003b -->{{cite web |url=https://jimhillmedia.com/alumni1/b/michael_howe/archive/2003/04/16/1392.aspx |title=The Making of Hayao Miyazaki's ''Spirited Away'' – Part 2 |last=Howe |first=Michael |publisher=Jim Hill Media |date=April 15, 2003 |access-date=March 24, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180903215435/https://jimhillmedia.com/alumni1/b/michael_howe/archive/2003/04/16/1392.aspx |archive-date=September 3, 2018 |url-status=live |ref={{harvid|Howe|2003b}}}}
* <!-- Howe 2003c -->{{cite web |url=https://jimhillmedia.com/alumni1/b/michael_howe/archive/2003/04/21/1395.aspx |title=The Making of Hayao Miyazaki's ''Spirited Away'' – Part 5 |last=Howe |first=Michael |publisher=Jim Hill Media |date=April 20, 2003 |access-date=March 24, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161119152327/https://jimhillmedia.com/alumni1/b/michael_howe/archive/2003/04/21/1395.aspx |archive-date=November 19, 2016 |url-status=live |ref={{harvid|Howe|2003c}}}}
* <!-- "Howl's" Japan Times 2004 -->{{cite web |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2004/11/24/national/howls-moving-castle-conjures-up-box-office-record/ |title=''Howl's Moving Castle'' conjures up box-office record |work=[[The Japan Times]] |publisher=Nifco |date=November 24, 2004 |access-date=June 7, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190108034704/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2004/11/24/national/howls-moving-castle-conjures-up-box-office-record/ |archive-date=January 8, 2019 |url-status=live |ref={{harvid|''The Japan Times''|2004}}}}
* <!-- Iikura-Gross -->{{cite web |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2024-11-25/hayao-miyazaki-acknowledges-japan-wartime-conduct-at-ramon-magsaysay-awards-ceremony/.218123 |title=Hayao Miyazaki Acknowledges Japan's Wartime Conduct at Ramon Magsaysay Awards Ceremony |last=Iikura-Gross |first=Ken |work=[[Anime News Network]] |publisher=[[Kadokawa Corporation]] |date=November 26, 2024 |access-date=November 27, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241126060144/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2024-11-25/hayao-miyazaki-acknowledges-japan-wartime-conduct-at-ramon-magsaysay-awards-ceremony/.218123 |archive-date=November 26, 2024 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Ito -->{{cite web |url=https://sankei.jp.msn.com/entertainments/entertainers/091225/tnr0912250750004-n2.htm |script-title=ja:新作「アバター」宮崎アニメにオマージュ Ｊ・キャメロン監督 |trans-title=New Film ''Avatar'' Homage to Miyazaki's Animated Film: J. Cameron |last=Ito |first=Norihiro |work=[[Sankei Shimbun]] |publisher=[[Fuji Media Holdings]] |date=December 25, 2009 |access-date=March 10, 2010 |language=ja |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091228082425/https://sankei.jp.msn.com/entertainments/entertainers/091225/tnr0912250750004-n2.htm |archive-date=December 28, 2009}}
* <!-- Inoue -->{{cite web |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/business/2023/09/21/companies/nippon-tv-ghibli-acquisition/ |title=Studio Ghibli set to become subsidiary of Nippon TV |last1=Inoue |first1=Yukana |last2=Benoza |first2=Kathleen |work=[[The Japan Times]] |publisher=Nifco |date=September 21, 2023 |access-date=November 8, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230921182705/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/business/2023/09/21/companies/nippon-tv-ghibli-acquisition/ |archive-date=September 21, 2023 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Karrfalt -->{{cite web |url=http://www.geocities.com/tokyo/fuji/9270/article2.html |title=''Mononoke'' Japan's all-time b.o. champion |last=Karrfalt |first=Wayne |work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |date=October 31, 1997 |access-date=March 19, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091021074020/http://geocities.com/Tokyo/Fuji/9270/article2.html |archive-date=October 21, 2009}}
* <!-- Keegan -->{{cite web |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/moviesnow/la-et-mn-the-wind-rises-trailer-miyazaki-20130815-story.html |title=''The Wind Rises'': Hayao Miyazaki's new film stirs controversy |last=Keegan |first=Rebecca |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=August 15, 2013 |access-date=March 31, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170413075654/https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/moviesnow/la-et-mn-the-wind-rises-trailer-miyazaki-20130815-story.html |archive-date=April 13, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Kelly 2022 -->{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20220713-princess-mononoke-the-masterpiece-that-flummoxed-the-us |title=''Princess Mononoke'': The masterpiece that flummoxed the US |last=Kelly |first=Stephen |publisher=[[BBC]] |date=July 14, 2022 |access-date=June 7, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220713232058/https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20220713-princess-mononoke-the-masterpiece-that-flummoxed-the-us |archive-date=July 13, 2022 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Komatsu 2012 -->{{cite web |url=https://www.crunchyroll.com/anime-news/2012/10/29/hayao-miyazaki-named-person-of-cultural-merit-by-japanese-government |title=Hayao Miyazaki Named Person of Cultural Merit by Japanese Government |last=Komatsu |first=Mikikazu |work=[[Crunchyroll]] |publisher=[[Otter Media]] |date=October 30, 2012 |access-date=June 9, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180522041935/https://www.crunchyroll.com/anime-news/2012/10/29/hayao-miyazaki-named-person-of-cultural-merit-by-japanese-government |archive-date=May 22, 2018 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Komatsu 2017 -->{{cite web |url=https://www.crunchyroll.com/anime-news/2017/02/02-1/kinema-junpo-readers-also-pick-in-this-corner-of-the-world-as-best-japanese-film-of-2016 |title=''Kinema Junpo'' Readers Also Pick ''In This Corner of the World'' as Best Japanese Film of 2016 |last=Komatsu |first=Mikikazu |work=[[Crunchyroll]] |publisher=[[Otter Media]] |date=February 2, 2017 |access-date=June 4, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170608190040/https://www.crunchyroll.com/anime-news/2017/02/02-1/kinema-junpo-readers-also-pick-in-this-corner-of-the-world-as-best-japanese-film-of-2016 |archive-date=June 8, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Komatsu 2018 -->{{cite news |url=https://www.crunchyroll.com/anime-news/2018/04/20/steven-spielberg-talks-about-his-meeting-with-hayao-miyazaki-at-ready-player-one-talk-event-in-tokyo |title=Steven Spielberg Talks About His Meeting with Hayao Miyazaki at ''Ready Player One'' Talk Event in Tokyo |last=Komatsu |first=Mikikazu |work=[[Crunchyroll]] |publisher=[[Otter Media]] |date=April 20, 2018 |access-date=June 14, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180420133107/https://www.crunchyroll.com/anime-news/2018/04/20/steven-spielberg-talks-about-his-meeting-with-hayao-miyazaki-at-ready-player-one-talk-event-in-tokyo |archive-date=April 20, 2018 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Lamar -->{{cite web |url=https://io9.gizmodo.com/5500015/pigs-fly-and-shoot-guns-in-rare-hayao-miyazaki-manga/ |title=Pigs Fly (And Shoot Guns) In Rare Hayao Miyazaki Manga |last=Lamar |first=Cyrlaque |work=[[io9]] |publisher=[[Gawker Media]] |date=March 23, 2010 |access-date=March 18, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160829035552/https://io9.gizmodo.com/5500015/pigs-fly-and-shoot-guns-in-rare-hayao-miyazaki-manga/ |archive-date=August 29, 2016 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Lambie -->{{cite web |url=https://www.denofgeek.com/movies/travis-knight-interview-kubo-kurosawa-miyazaki-and-more/ |title=Travis Knight interview: Kubo, Kurosawa, Miyazaki and more |last=Lambie |first=Ryan |work=[[Den of Geek]] |date=September 9, 2016 |access-date=April 12, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412133202/https://www.denofgeek.com/movies/travis-knight-interview-kubo-kurosawa-miyazaki-and-more/ |archive-date=April 12, 2020 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Landreth -->{{cite web |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/japanese-films-soar-home-2008-78509 |title=Japanese films soar at home in 2008 |last=Landreth |first=Jonathan |work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |publisher=[[Eldridge Industries]] |date=January 30, 2009 |access-date=March 31, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170428121358/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/japanese-films-soar-home-2008-78509 |archive-date=April 28, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Lang -->{{cite web |url=https://deadline.com/2025/06/academy-museum-marilyn-monroe-hollywood-icon-exhibition-1236424995/ |title=Academy Museum To Honor Marilyn Monroe's Centennial With Major Exhibition |last=Lang |first=Robert |work=[[Deadline Hollywood]] |publisher=[[Penske Media Corporation]] |date=June 5, 2025 |accessdate=February 16, 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250605191317/https://deadline.com/2025/06/academy-museum-marilyn-monroe-hollywood-icon-exhibition-1236424995/ |archivedate=June 5, 2025 |url-status=live }}
* <!-- Lanning -->{{cite web |url=https://www.pastemagazine.com/movies/hayao-miyazaki/hayao-miyazakis-legacy-is-far-greater-than-his-fil/ |title=Celebrating legacy of a legendary animator |last=Lanning |first=Courtney |work=[[Northwest Arkansas Democrat-Gazette]] |publisher=[[WEHCO Media]] |date=January 8, 2021 |access-date=April 21, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110020118/https://www.nwaonline.com/news/2021/jan/08/celebrating-legacy-of-a-legendary-animator/ |archive-date=January 10, 2021 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Lattanzio -->{{cite web |url=https://www.indiewire.com/2020/04/hayao-miyazaki-documentary-streaming-1202222987/ |title=Get ''Spirited Away'' With a Four-Part Hayao Miyazaki Documentary, Now Streaming Free Online |last=Lattanzio |first=Ryan |work=[[IndieWire]] |publisher=[[Penske Media Corporation]] |date=April 5, 2020 |access-date=May 6, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200406191833/https://www.indiewire.com/2020/04/hayao-miyazaki-documentary-streaming-1202222987/ |archive-date=April 6, 2020 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Leader -->{{cite web |url=https://www.denofgeek.com/henry-selick/ |title=Exclusive: Henry Selick on ''Coraline'' |last=Leader |first=Michael |work=[[Den of Geek]] |date=May 7, 2009 |access-date=April 12, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412133204/https://www.denofgeek.com/movies/exclusive-henry-selick-on-coraline/ |archive-date=April 12, 2020 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Le Guin -->{{cite web |url=https://www.ursulakleguin.com/adaptation-tales-of-earthsea |title=''Gedo Senki'', a First Response |last=Le Guin |first=Ursula K. |author-link=Ursula K. Le Guin |date=2006 |access-date=March 25, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170121071742/https://www.ursulakleguin.com/GedoSenkiResponse.html |archive-date=January 21, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Lee -->{{cite web |url=https://movies.radiofree.com/interviews/tangled_glen_keane.shtml |title=An Exclusive Interview with Glen Keane |last=Lee |first=Michael J. |work=RadioFree.com |date=October 24, 2010 |access-date=May 22, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160815020714/https://movies.radiofree.com/interviews/tangled_glen_keane.shtml |archive-date=August 15, 2016 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Leston -->{{cite web |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/hayao-miyazaki-is-already-working-on-his-next-film |title=Hayao Miyazaki Is Already Working On His Next Film |last=Leston |first=Ryan |work=[[IGN]] |publisher=[[Ziff Davis]] |date=October 3, 2023 |access-date=November 29, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231004014034/https://www.ign.com/articles/hayao-miyazaki-is-already-working-on-his-next-film |archive-date=October 4, 2023 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Loo 2009 -->{{cite news |last=Loo |first=Egan |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2009-02-23/ponyo-dmc-won-japan-academy-awards-on-friday |title=''Ponyo'', ''DMC'' Won Japan Academy Awards on Friday |work=[[Anime News Network]] |date=February 23, 2009 |access-date=March 31, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170126154247/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2009-02-23/ponyo-dmc-won-japan-academy-awards-on-friday |archive-date=January 26, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Loo 2011 -->{{cite web |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2011-10-18/toy-story-3-art-director-married-to-hayao-miyazaki-niece |title=''Toy Story 3'' Art Director Married to Hayao Miyazaki's Niece |last=Loo |first=Egan |work=[[Anime News Network]] |date=October 18, 2011 |access-date=July 12, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111018165228/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2011-10-18/toy-story-3-art-director-married-to-hayao-miyazaki-niece |archive-date=October 18, 2011 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Loo 2013 -->{{cite news |last=Loo |first=Egan |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2013-09-01/hayao-miyazaki-to-retire-from-making-feature-films |title=Hayao Miyazaki Retires From Making Feature Films |work=[[Anime News Network]] |date=September 1, 2013 |access-date=March 31, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227170520/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2013-09-01/hayao-miyazaki-to-retire-from-making-feature-films |archive-date=February 27, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Loo 2014 -->{{cite news |last=Loo |first=Egan |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2014-03-01/producer/miyazaki-wanted-to-make-ponyo-2-instead-of-the-wind-rises |title=Producer: Miyazaki Wanted to Make ''Ponyo 2'' Instead of ''The Wind Rises'' |work=[[Anime News Network]] |date=March 2, 2014 |access-date=March 31, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170131012849/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2014-03-01/producer/miyazaki-wanted-to-make-ponyo-2-instead-of-the-wind-rises |archive-date=January 31, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Loo 2017 -->{{cite news |last=Loo |first=Egan |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2017-10-28/ghibli-hayao-miyazaki-reveals-his-final-film-title-release-window/.123343 |title=Ghibli's Hayao Miyazaki Reveals His 'Final' Film's Title, Release Window |work=[[Anime News Network]] |date=October 28, 2017 |access-date=November 2, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171101234228/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2017-10-28/ghibli-hayao-miyazaki-reveals-his-final-film-title-release-window/.123343 |archive-date=November 1, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Loveridge -->{{cite news |last=Loveridge |first=Lynzee |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2014-01-16/miyazaki-the-wind-rises-nominated-for-animated-film-oscar |title=Miyazaki's ''The Wind Rises'' Nominated for Animated Film Oscar (Updated) |work=[[Anime News Network]] |date=January 17, 2014 |access-date=March 31, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170623144922/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2014-01-16/miyazaki-the-wind-rises-nominated-for-animated-film-oscar |archive-date=June 23, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Ma -->{{cite web |url=https://www.filmbiz.asia/news/the-wind-rises-tops-2013-japan-bo |title=''The Wind Rises'' tops 2013 Japan B.O. |last=Ma |first=Kevin |work=[[Film Business Asia]] |date=January 1, 2014 |access-date=March 31, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140102191843/https://www.filmbiz.asia/news/the-wind-rises-tops-2013-japan-bo |archive-date=January 2, 2014}}
* <!-- Macdonald 2005a -->{{cite news |last=Macdonald |first=Christopher |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2005-02-10/studio-ghibli-to-split-from-tokuma |title=Studio Ghibli to Split from Tokuma |work=[[Anime News Network]] |date=February 11, 2005 |access-date=March 24, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161224173501/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2005-02-10/studio-ghibli-to-split-from-tokuma |archive-date=December 24, 2016 |url-status=live |ref={{harvid|Macdonald|2005a}}}}
* <!-- Macdonald 2005b -->{{cite news |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2005-11-16/princess's-wedding-dress-anime-inspired |title=Princess's Wedding Dress Anime Inspired ? |last=Macdonald |first=Christopher |work=[[Anime News Network]] |date=November 17, 2005 |access-date=July 20, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070701151934/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2005-11-16/princess's-wedding-dress-anime-inspired |archive-date=July 1, 2007 |url-status=live |ref={{harvid|Macdonald|2005b}}}}
* <!-- Macdonald 2014 -->{{cite news |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2014-07-30/today-in-history-kiki-delivery-service/.77109 |title=Today in History: ''Kiki's Delivery Service'' |last=Macdonald |first=Christopher |work=[[Anime News Network]] |date=July 30, 2014 |access-date=March 18, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170205152927/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2014-07-29/today-in-history-kiki-delivery-service/.77109 |archive-date=February 5, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Mahmood -->{{cite web |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2018/04/06/movies/isao-takahata-dies-intl/index.html |title=Anime film director Isao Takahata dies at 82 |last=Mahmood |first=Zahid |work=[[CNN]] |publisher=[[Turner Broadcasting System]] |date=April 6, 2018 |access-date=April 28, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180406204331/https://edition.cnn.com/2018/04/06/movies/isao-takahata-dies-intl/index.html |archive-date=April 6, 2018 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Manry -->{{cite news |last=Manry |first=Gia |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interview/2011-08-16/interview-makoto-shinkai |title=Interview: Makoto Shinkai |work=[[Anime News Network]] |date=August 6, 2011 |access-date=April 15, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110817052445/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interview/2011-08-16/interview-makoto-shinkai |archive-date=August 17, 2011}}
* <!-- Mateo -->{{cite web |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2022-02-22/hayao-miyazaki-shuna-journey-manga-gets-english-release-in-u.s/.182912 |title=Hayao Miyazaki's ''Shuna's Journey'' Manga Gets English Release in U.S. |last=Mateo |first=Alex |work=[[Anime News Network]] |date=February 23, 2022 |access-date=September 30, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220222163521/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2022-02-22/hayao-miyazaki-shuna-journey-manga-gets-english-release-in-u.s/.182912 |archive-date=February 22, 2022 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Matsutani -->{{cite web |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2008/09/30/news/japans-greatest-film-director/ |title=Japan's greatest film director? |last=Matsutani |first=Minoru |work=[[The Japan Times]] |publisher=Nifco |date=September 30, 2008 |access-date=March 18, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160101075656/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2008/09/30/news/japans-greatest-film-director/ |archive-date=January 1, 2016 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- McCurry 2013 -->{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/aug/23/hayao-miyazaki-film-wind-rises |title=Japanese animator under fire for film tribute to warplane designer |last=McCurry |first=Justin |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=August 23, 2013 |access-date=April 13, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170113021415/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/aug/23/hayao-miyazaki-film-wind-rises |archive-date=January 13, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- McCurry 2023 -->{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2023/sep/22/nippon-tv-acquires-studio-ghibli-hayao-miyazaki |title=Studio Ghibli to be acquired by Nippon TV after struggle to find a successor to Miyazaki |last=McCurry |first=Justin |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=September 22, 2023 |access-date=November 25, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230922034343/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2023/sep/22/nippon-tv-acquires-studio-ghibli-hayao-miyazaki |archive-date=September 22, 2023 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- McDougall -->{{cite web |url=https://iai.tv/articles/spirited-away-meets-heidegger-we-killed-the-gods-with-technology-but-the-sacredness-of-life-is-continuous-auid-1104 |title=''Spirited Away'' Meets Heidegger: We killed the gods with technology |last=McDougall |first=Edward |publisher=[[Institute of Art and Ideas]] |date=July 2, 2018 |access-date=October 22, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191022134801/https://iai.tv/articles/spirited-away-meets-heidegger-we-killed-the-gods-with-technology-but-the-sacredness-of-life-is-continuous-auid-1104 |archive-date=October 22, 2019 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Menon -->{{cite web |url=https://thediplomat.com/2020/05/yoshifumi-kondo-studio-ghiblis-forgotten-master/ |title=Yoshifumi Kondo, Studio Ghibli's Forgotten Master |last=Menon |first=Kiran Mohandas |work=[[The Diplomat (magazine)|The Diplomat]] |publisher=MHT Corporation |date=May 15, 2020 |access-date=November 25, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200517072905/https://thediplomat.com/2020/05/yoshifumi-kondo-studio-ghiblis-forgotten-master/ |archive-date=May 17, 2020 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Mes -->{{cite web |url=http://www.midnighteye.com/interviews/hayao-miyazaki/ |title=Hayao Miyazaki |last=Mes |first=Tom |publisher=Midnight Eye |date=January 7, 2002 |access-date=May 23, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170505183146/http://www.midnighteye.com/interviews/hayao-miyazaki/ |archive-date=May 5, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Mishan -->{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/23/t-magazine/hayao-miyazaki-studio-ghibli.html |title=Hayao Miyazaki Prepares to Cast One Last Spell |last=Mishan |first=Ligaya |author-link=Ligaya Mishan |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=November 23, 2021 |access-date=July 18, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211123121100/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/23/t-magazine/hayao-miyazaki-studio-ghibli.html |archive-date=November 23, 2021 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Miyazaki G 2006a -->{{cite web |url=http://www.nausicaa.net/miyazaki/earthsea/blog/blog41.html |title=Goro Miyazaki's Blog Translation |page=41 |last=Miyazaki |first=Goro |author-link=Goro Miyazaki |publisher=[[Nausicaa.net]] |date=February 24, 2006 |access-date=April 3, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171214074752/http://www.nausicaa.net/miyazaki/earthsea/blog/blog41.html |archive-date=December 14, 2017 |url-status=live |ref={{harvid|G. Miyazaki|2006a}}}}
* <!-- Miyazaki G 2006b -->{{cite web |url=http://www.nausicaa.net/miyazaki/earthsea/blog/blog112.html |title=Goro Miyazaki's Blog Translation |page=112 |last=Miyazaki |first=Goro |author-link=Goro Miyazaki |publisher=[[Nausicaa.net]] |date=July 3, 2006 |access-date=March 25, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170503225632/http://www.nausicaa.net/miyazaki/earthsea/blog/blog112.html |archive-date=May 3, 2017 |url-status=live |ref={{harvid|G. Miyazaki|2006b}}}}
* <!-- Miyazaki 1983 -->{{cite web |url=http://www.ghibli.jp/shuppan/old/pickup/shuna/ |script-title=ja:シュナの旅 あとがき |trans-title=''The Journey of Shuna'' Afterword |page=147 |last=Miyazaki |first=Hayao |publisher=[[Tokuma Shoten]] |date=May 10, 1983 |access-date=March 18, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304091401/http://www.ghibli.jp/shuppan/old/pickup/shuna/ |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- "Miyazaki" Animekon 2009 -->{{cite web |url=http://www.animekon.com/news-792-Miyazaki-Starts-New-Manga-Kaze-Tachinu.html |title=Miyazaki Starts New Manga, ''Kaze Tachinu'' |work=Animekon |date=February 12, 2009 |access-date=March 31, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170514204505/http://www.animekon.com/news-792-Miyazaki-Starts-New-Manga-Kaze-Tachinu.html |archive-date=May 14, 2017 |ref={{harvid|''Animekon''|2009}}}}
* <!-- "Miyazaki" Japan Times 2014 -->{{cite web |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2014/02/02/national/miyazaki-wins-annie-award-for-kaze-tachinu-screenplay/ |title=Miyazaki wins Annie Award for ''Kaze Tachinu'' screenplay |work=[[The Japan Times]] |publisher=Nifco |date=February 2, 2014 |access-date=June 4, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140917193449/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2014/02/02/national/miyazaki-wins-annie-award-for-kaze-tachinu-screenplay/ |archive-date=September 17, 2014 |ref={{harvid|''The Japan Times''|2014}}}}
* <!-- Morgan -->{{cite web |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/pictures/oscar-honors-animator-hayao-miyazaki/ |title=Oscars honors animator Hayao Miyazaki |last=Morgan |first=David |work=[[CBS News]] |publisher=[[CBS]] |date=November 8, 2014 |access-date=March 19, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170102121959/https://www.cbsnews.com/pictures/oscar-honors-animator-hayao-miyazaki/ |archive-date=January 2, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Moss -->{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/filmblog/2014/jul/11/princess-nausicaa-of-the-valley-of-the-wind-role-model |title=Why I'd like to be ... Nausicaä in ''Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind'' |last=Moss |first=Emma-Lee |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=July 11, 2014 |access-date=March 17, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170308203710/https://www.theguardian.com/film/filmblog/2014/jul/11/princess-nausicaa-of-the-valley-of-the-wind-role-model |archive-date=March 8, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Nakamura -->{{cite web |url=https://www.destructoid.com/ori-and-the-blind-forest-is-a-beautiful-metroidvania-276352.phtml |title=''Ori and the Blind Forest'' is a beautiful metroidvania |last=Nakamura |first=Darren |work=[[Destructoid]] |publisher=ModernMethod |date=June 10, 2014 |access-date=May 22, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161130185349/https://www.destructoid.com/ori-and-the-blind-forest-is-a-beautiful-metroidvania-276352.phtml |archive-date=November 30, 2016 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- "Neppu" Ghibli World 2008 -->{{cite web |url=http://www.ghibliworld.com/news.html#3011 |title=A Neppu Interview with Miyazaki Hayao |publisher=Ghibli World |date=November 30, 2008 |access-date=May 4, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081206090310/http://www.ghibliworld.com/news.html#3011 |archive-date=December 6, 2008 |ref={{harvid|Ghibli World|2008}}}}
* <!-- O'Brien -->{{cite web |url=https://apnews.com/article/studio-ghibli-chatgpt-images-hayao-miyazaki-openai-0f4cb487ec3042dd5b43ad47879b91f4 |title=ChatGPT's viral Studio Ghibli-style images highlight AI copyright concerns |last1=O'Brien |first1=Matt |last2=Parvini |first2=Sarah |publisher=[[Associated Press]] |date=March 28, 2025 |access-date=March 30, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250327205312/https://apnews.com/article/studio-ghibli-chatgpt-images-hayao-miyazaki-openai-0f4cb487ec3042dd5b43ad47879b91f4 |archive-date=March 27, 2025 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Ongley -->{{cite news |url=https://i-d.co/article/wes-anderson-says-studio-ghibli-inspired-isle-of-dogs/ |title=Wes Anderson says Studio Ghibli inspired ''Isle of Dogs'' |last1=Ongley |first1=Hannah |last2=Wheeler |first2=André-Naquian |work=[[I-D]] |publisher=[[Vice Media]] |date=February 16, 2018 |access-date=June 14, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180305230141/https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/kzp3az/wes-anderson-says-studio-ghibli-inspired-isle-of-dogs |archive-date=March 5, 2018 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Osaki -->{{cite web |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2013/09/06/national/miyazaki-vows-he-wont-be-idle-in-retirement/ |title=Miyazaki vows he won't be idle in retirement |last=Osaki |first=Tomohiro |work=[[The Japan Times]] |publisher=Nifco |date=September 6, 2013 |access-date=March 24, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160121090339/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2013/09/06/national/miyazaki-vows-he-wont-be-idle-in-retirement/ |archive-date=January 21, 2016 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Palm -->{{cite web |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2024/12/11/film/hayao-miyazaki-and-the-heron/ |title=''Hayao Miyazaki and the Heron'' documentary meditates on auteur's creativity and legacy |last=Palm |first=Erik Augustin |work=[[The Japan Times]] |date=December 11, 2024 |access-date=September 1, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241211090919/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2024/12/11/film/hayao-miyazaki-and-the-heron/ |archive-date=December 11, 2024 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Pedersen -->{{cite web |url=https://deadline.com/2021/12/greatest-screenplays-of-21st-century-list-writers-guild-get-out-1234885622/ |title=101 Greatest Screenplays Of The 21st Century: Horror Pic Tops Writers Guild's List |last=Pedersen |first=Erik |work=[[Deadline Hollywood]] |publisher=[[Penske Media Corporation]] |date=December 6, 2021 |access-date=August 31, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211206184612/https://deadline.com/2021/12/greatest-screenplays-of-21st-century-list-writers-guild-get-out-1234885622/ |archive-date=December 6, 2021 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Pham -->{{cite web |url=https://herocomplex.latimes.com/animation/comiccon-miyazaki-breaks-his-boycott-of-us/ |title=Miyazaki breaks his silent protest of America |last=Pham |first=Alex |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=July 25, 2009 |access-date=April 13, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170330042543/https://herocomplex.latimes.com/animation/comiccon-miyazaki-breaks-his-boycott-of-us/ |archive-date=March 30, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Phipps -->{{cite web |url=https://www.polygon.com/2019/2/23/18236718/how-to-train-your-dragon-movies-hidden-world-ending |title=In the end, the ''How to Train Your Dragon'' trilogy crafted a complex coming-of-age story |last=Phipps |first=Keith |work=[[Polygon (website)|Polygon]] |publisher=[[Vox Media]] |date=February 23, 2019 |access-date=June 14, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190223215134/https://www.polygon.com/2019/2/23/18236718/how-to-train-your-dragon-movies-hidden-world-ending |archive-date=February 23, 2019 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Poland -->{{cite web |url=https://www.roughcut.com/talk/movie.chat/dp_991104_transcript.html |title=Hayao Miyazake Chat Transcript |last=Poland |first=David |work=Rough Cut |publisher=[[TNT (American TV network)|TNT]] |date=November 4, 1999 |access-date=May 22, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000123150814/https://www.roughcut.com/talk/movie.chat/dp_991104_transcript.html |archive-date=January 23, 2000}}
* <!-- Pulver 2023 -->{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2023/jun/05/studio-ghibli-hayao-miyazaki-final-film-how-do-you-live-no-trailers-promotion |title=Studio Ghibli to release Hayao Miyazaki's final film with no trailers or promotion |last=Pulver |first=Andrew |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=June 5, 2023 |access-date=July 14, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230605123159/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2023/jun/05/studio-ghibli-hayao-miyazaki-final-film-how-do-you-live-no-trailers-promotion |archive-date=June 5, 2023 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Pulver 2024 -->{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2024/mar/10/boy-and-the-heron-hayao-miyazaki-oscar-best-animation |title=''The Boy and the Heron'', Hayao Miyazaki's last film, wins Oscar for best animation |last=Pulver |first=Andrew |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=March 11, 2024 |access-date=March 11, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240310234107/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2024/mar/10/boy-and-the-heron-hayao-miyazaki-oscar-best-animation |archive-date=March 10, 2024 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Radulovic -->{{cite web |url=https://www.polygon.com/2020/8/28/21405363/nausicaa-of-the-valley-of-the-wind-play-kabuki-miyazkai-watch-streaming |title=You can now watch a Kabuki stage version of ''Nausicaa of the Valley of the Wind'' |last=Radulovic |first=Petrana |work=[[Polygon (website)|Polygon]] |publisher=[[Vox Media]] |date=August 28, 2020 |access-date=September 2, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200828172141/https://www.polygon.com/2020/8/28/21405363/nausicaa-of-the-valley-of-the-wind-play-kabuki-miyazkai-watch-streaming |archive-date=August 28, 2020 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Raup -->{{cite web |url=https://www.filmlinc.org/daily/bong-joon-ho-big-screen-experience-okja-capturing-todays-world/ |title=Bong Joon Ho on the Big Screen Experience of ''Okja'' and Capturing Today's World |last=Raup |first=Jordan |publisher=[[Film at Lincoln Center]] |date=June 29, 2017 |access-date=October 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116202128/https://www.filmlinc.org/daily/bong-joon-ho-big-screen-experience-okja-capturing-todays-world/ |archive-date=November 16, 2018 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Robledo -->{{cite web |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/entertainment/movies/2024/03/10/the-boy-and-the-heron-director-hayao-miyazaki-wins-historic-oscar/72925098007/ |title=''The Boy and the Heron'' director Hayao Miyazaki, 83, wins historic Oscar but absent from show |last=Robledo |first=Anthony |work=[[USA Today]] |publisher=[[Gannett]] |date=March 11, 2024 |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240312063904/https://www.usatoday.com/story/entertainment/movies/2024/03/10/the-boy-and-the-heron-director-hayao-miyazaki-wins-historic-oscar/72925098007/ |archive-date=March 12, 2024 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Rogers -->{{cite web |url=https://www.next-gen.biz:80/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2591&Itemid=2&limit=1&limitstart=1 |title=In Defense of ''Final Fantasy XII'' |page=2 |last=Rogers |first=Tim |author-link=Tim Rogers (writer) |work=[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]] |publisher=[[Future US]] |date=March 27, 2006 |access-date=May 22, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060407211218/https://www.next-gen.biz/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2591&Itemid=2&limit=1&limitstart=1 |archive-date=April 7, 2006}}
* <!-- Romano -->{{cite web |url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2013/11/15/hayao-miyazaki-s-the-wind-rises-an-anime-icon-bows-out.html |title=Hayao Miyazaki's ''The Wind Rises'': An Anime Icon Bows Out |last=Romano |first=Andrew |work=[[The Daily Beast]] |publisher=[[IAC (company)|IAC]] |date=November 15, 2013 |access-date=April 13, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161207020754/https://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2013/11/15/hayao-miyazaki-s-the-wind-rises-an-anime-icon-bows-out.html |archive-date=December 7, 2016 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Ryan -->{{cite web |url=http://www.nausicaa.net/miyazaki/manga/naucompare.html |title=''Nausicaa'' Manga Comparison |last=Ryan |first=Scott |publisher=[[Nausicaa.net]] |access-date=March 17, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170514214741/http://www.nausicaa.net/miyazaki/manga/naucompare.html |archive-date=May 14, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Sacks -->{{cite web |url=https://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/tv-movies/hayao-miyazaki-walt-disney-japan-animation-old-fashioned-ponyo-article-1.395456 |title=Hayao Miyazaki's ''Ponyo'' is animation the old fashioned way |last=Sacks |first=Ethan |work=[[New York Daily News]] |publisher=[[Mortimer Zuckerman]] |date=August 7, 2009 |access-date=March 30, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170927180840/https://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/tv-movies/hayao-miyazaki-walt-disney-japan-animation-old-fashioned-ponyo-article-1.395456 |archive-date=September 27, 2017}}
* <!-- Schellhase -->{{cite web |url=https://www.theimaginativeconservative.org/2014/11/conservative-vision-hayao-miyazaki.html |title=The Conservative Vision of Hayao Miyazaki |last=Schellhase |first=Peter |work=[[The Imaginative Conservative]] |date=November 7, 2014 |access-date=April 13, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170601020953/https://www.theimaginativeconservative.org/2014/11/conservative-vision-hayao-miyazaki.html |archive-date=June 1, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Schilling 2001 -->{{cite web |url=https://www.screendaily.com/studio-ghiblis-new-film-to-be-directed-by-rival/406748.article |title=Studio Ghibli's new film to be directed by rival |last=Schilling |first=Mark |author-link=Mark Schilling |work=[[Screen Daily]] |publisher=Media Business Insight |date=September 2, 2001 |access-date=June 7, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140512145208/https://www.screendaily.com/studio-ghiblis-new-film-to-be-directed-by-rival/406748.article |archive-date=May 12, 2014 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Schilling 2002 -->{{cite web |url=https://www.screendaily.com/new-hayao-miyazaki-film-heads-toho-line-up/4011596.article |title=New Hayao Miyazaki film heads Toho line-up |last=Schilling |first=Mark |author-link=Mark Schilling |work=[[Screen Daily]] |publisher=Media Business Insight |date=December 17, 2002 |access-date=March 24, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030817114958/https://www.screendaily.com/story.asp?storyid=10596 |archive-date=August 17, 2003 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Schilling 2008 -->{{cite web |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2008/12/04/films/an-audience-with-miyazaki-japans-animation-king/ |title=An audience with Miyazaki, Japan's animation king |last=Schilling |first=Mark |author-link=Mark Schilling |work=[[The Japan Times]] |publisher=Nifco |date=December 4, 2008 |access-date=May 4, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161011220934/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2008/12/04/films/an-audience-with-miyazaki-japans-animation-king/ |archive-date=October 11, 2016 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Schilling 2009 -->{{cite web |url=https://variety.com/2009/film/features/miyazaki-s-ponyo-tops-anime-awards-1118000419/ |title=Miyazaki's ''Ponyo'' tops anime awards |last=Schilling |first=Mark |author-link=Mark Schilling |work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |publisher=[[Penske Media Corporation]] |date=February 20, 2009 |access-date=June 4, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180522042547/https://variety.com/2009/film/features/miyazaki-s-ponyo-tops-anime-awards-1118000419/ |archive-date=May 22, 2018 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Schley 2019 -->{{cite news |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2019/04/19/films/hayao-miyazaki-japans-celebrated-animator/ |title=Hayao Miyazaki: Universally acclaimed weaver of unforgettable anime worlds |last=Schley |first=Matt |work=[[The Japan Times]] |publisher=News2u Holdings, Inc. |date=April 19, 2019 |access-date=June 14, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190419131539/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2019/04/19/films/hayao-miyazaki-japans-celebrated-animator/ |archive-date=April 19, 2019 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Schley 2023 -->{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-66197993 |title=''How Do You Live'': Hayao Miyazaki releases mystery final film |last=Schley |first=Matt |work=[[BBC News]] |publisher=[[BBC]] |date=July 14, 2023 |access-date=November 20, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230815171456/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-66197993 |archive-date=August 15, 2023 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Schnelbach -->{{cite web |url=https://reactormag.com/looking-back-at-princess-mononoke-after-20-years/ |title=Looking Back at ''Princess Mononoke'' After 20 Years |last=Schnelbach |first=Leah |work=[[Reactor (magazine)|Reactor]] |publisher=[[Macmillan Publishers]] |date=January 9, 2017 |access-date=June 7, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240207034854/https://reactormag.com/looking-back-at-princess-mononoke-after-20-years/ |archive-date=February 7, 2024 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Seguret -->{{cite web |url=https://www.liberation.fr/cinema/2014/01/10/j-aspire-toujours-a-une-societe-plus-juste_972054/ |title=Hayao Miyazaki: "J'aspire toujours à une société plus juste" |language=fr |trans-title=Hayao Miyazaki: "I always aspire to a fairer society" |last=Seguret |first=Olivier |work=[[Libération]] |date=January 10, 2014 |access-date=January 4, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412012026/https://www.liberation.fr/cinema/2014/01/10/j-aspire-toujours-a-une-societe-plus-juste_972054/ |archive-date=April 12, 2021 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Sudo -->{{cite web |url=https://blogs.wsj.com/japanrealtime/2014/06/04/frozen-ranks-as-third-biggest-hit-in-japan/ |title=''Frozen'' Ranks as Third-Biggest Hit in Japan |last=Sudo |first=Yoko |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |publisher=[[Dow Jones & Company]] |date=June 4, 2014 |access-date=March 24, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170206060409/https://blogs.wsj.com/japanrealtime/2014/06/04/frozen-ranks-as-third-biggest-hit-in-japan/ |archive-date=February 6, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Suzuki -->{{cite web |url=http://www.nausicaa.net/miyazaki/ghibli/history/history1e.html |title=The ten years of Studio Ghibli |date=February 1996 |access-date=July 4, 2023 |publisher=[[Nausicaa.net]] |last=Suzuki |first=Toshio |author-link=Toshio Suzuki (producer) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19991021230705/http://www.nausicaa.net/miyazaki/ghibli/history/history1e.html |archive-date=October 21, 1999 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Tartaglione -->{{cite web |url=https://deadline.com/2024/04/godzilla-x-kong-kung-fu-panda-4-detective-conan-china-japan-global-international-box-office-1235885714/ |title=''Godzilla X Kong'' Roars Past $436M WW; ''Kung Fu Panda 4'' Tops $450M; Latest ''Detective Conan'' Huge In Japan – International Box Office |last=Tartaglione |first=Nancy |work=[[Deadline Hollywood]] |publisher=[[Penske Media Corporation]] |date=April 15, 2024 |access-date=September 1, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240415115249/https://deadline.com/2024/04/godzilla-x-kong-kung-fu-panda-4-detective-conan-china-japan-global-international-box-office-1235885714/ |archive-date=April 15, 2024 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Toscano -->{{cite web |url=https://www.curatormagazine.com/michaeltoscano/bearing-new-images/ |title=Bearing New Images |last=Toscano |first=Michael |work=Curator |date=August 18, 2014 |access-date=May 6, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170610051845/https://www.curatormagazine.com/michaeltoscano/bearing-new-images/ |archive-date=June 10, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Toyama 2001 -->{{cite web |url=http://www.nausicaa.net/miyazaki/interviews/sen.html |title=Interview; Miyazaki on ''Sen to Chihiro no Kamikakushi'' |last=Toyama |first=Ryoko |publisher=[[Nausicaa.net]] |date=May 2001 |access-date=March 24, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170425061730/http://nausicaa.net/miyazaki/interviews/sen.html |archive-date=April 25, 2017 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Vivarelli -->{{cite web |url=https://variety.com/2005/digital/features/venice-draws-miyazaki-1117917729/ |title=Venice draws Miyazaki |last=Vivarelli |first=Nick |work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |publisher=[[Penske Media Corporation]] |date=February 9, 2005 |access-date=June 7, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151003032933/https://variety.com/2005/digital/features/venice-draws-miyazaki-1117917729/ |archive-date=October 3, 2015 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Watzky -->{{cite web |url=https://fullfrontal.moe/inoue-boy-and-heron/ |title=Interview; Toshiyuki Inoue's ''The Boy and the Heron'' – Long Interview |last=Watzky |first=Matteo |work=Full Frontal |date=October 20, 2023 |access-date=October 23, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231023145407/https://fullfrontal.moe/inoue-boy-and-heron/ |archive-date=October 23, 2023 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Wellham -->{{cite web |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/popasia/blog/2016/11/28/your-name-5-oscar-nominated-japanese-anime-films |title=''Your Name'' + 5 Oscar nominated Japanese anime films |last=Wellham |first=Melissa |publisher=[[Special Broadcasting Service]] |date=November 28, 2016 |access-date=March 24, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170115043852/https://www.sbs.com.au/popasia/blog/2016/11/28/your-name-5-oscar-nominated-japanese-anime-films |archive-date=January 15, 2017}}
* <!-- West -->{{cite web |url=https://movieweb.com/most-award-winning-anime-films-and-series-of-all-time/ |title=The Most Award-Winning Anime Films and Series of All Time |last=West |first=Hadley |work=[[MovieWeb]] |publisher=Valnet |date=December 13, 2022 |access-date=June 7, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221219091640/https://movieweb.com/most-award-winning-anime-films-and-series-of-all-time/ |archive-date=December 19, 2022 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Wiseman -->{{cite web |url=https://deadline.com/2024/01/studio-ghibli-anime-boy-heron-box-offices-records-1235795168/ |title=Studio Ghibli Anime ''The Boy And The Heron'' Achieves Multiple Box Office Milestones |last=Wiseman |first=Andreas |work=[[Deadline Hollywood]] |publisher=[[Penske Media Corporation]] |date=January 18, 2024 |access-date=September 1, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240118151511/https://deadline.com/2024/01/studio-ghibli-anime-boy-heron-box-offices-records-1235795168/ |archive-date=January 18, 2024 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Wong -->{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-38074088 |title=Hayao Miyazaki: Japan's godfather of animation? |last=Wong |first=Tessa |publisher=[[BBC]] |date=December 3, 2016 |access-date=April 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161203050308/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-38074088 |archive-date=December 3, 2016 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Yin-Poole -->{{cite web |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/studio-ghibli-ai-trend-sparks-chatgpt-backlash-resurfaces-old-comments-from-hayao-miyazaki-and-even-zelda-williams-has-waded-in |title=Studio Ghibli AI Trend Sparks ChatGPT Backlash, Resurfaces Old Comments From Hayao Miyazaki, and Even Zelda Williams Has Waded In |last=Yin-Poole |first=Wesley |work=[[IGN]] |publisher=[[Ziff Davis]] |date=March 28, 2025 |access-date=March 30, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250329233626/https://www.ign.com/articles/studio-ghibli-ai-trend-sparks-chatgpt-backlash-resurfaces-old-comments-from-hayao-miyazaki-and-even-zelda-williams-has-waded-in |archive-date=March 29, 2025 |url-status=live}}
* <!-- Yoshida -->{{cite web |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2015/07/13/national/politics-diplomacy/famed-director-miyazaki-calls-abes-move-revise-constitution-despicable/ |title=Famed director Miyazaki calls Abe's move to revise Constitution 'despicable' |last=Yoshida |first=Reiji |work=[[The Japan Times]] |publisher=Nifco |date=July 13, 2015 |access-date=April 13, 2017 |archive-date=January 1, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160101071224/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2015/07/13/national/politics-diplomacy/famed-director-miyazaki-calls-abes-move-revise-constitution-despicable/ |url-status=live}}
{{Refend}}

=== Video sources ===
{{Refbegin|30em}}
* <!-- Maclean -->{{cite episode |last=Maclean |first=Peter Boyd |title=Youth |series=[[Japanorama]] |network=[[BBC Choice]] |date=June 16, 2002 |series-no=1 |number=2}}
* <!-- MBS -->{{cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sMQVYdfqKUU |title=Hayao Miyazaki on Trump, Japan's military role and Your Name |work=[[MBS TV]] |publisher=[[Mainichi Broadcasting System]] |date=November 2016 |access-date=July 16, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190312173858/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sMQVYdfqKUU |archive-date=March 12, 2019 |url-status=live |ref={{harvid|MBS TV|2016}}}}
* <!-- Montmayeur -->{{cite AV media |date=January 9, 2005 |title=Ghibli et le mystère Miyazaki |trans-title=Ghibli: The Miyazaki Temple |last=Montmayeur |first=Yves |publisher=[[Arte]]}}
* <!-- Nonaka -->{{cite AV media |last=Nonaka |first=Shinsuke |date=July 1998 |script-title=ja:ジブリはこうして生まれた。 ～再現映像で綴る誕生物語～ |trans-title=The Birth of Studio Ghibli |publisher=[[Nippon Television]]}}
* <!-- Sunada -->{{cite AV media |last=Sunada |first=Mami (director) |date=November 16, 2013 |title=[[The Kingdom of Dreams and Madness]] |publisher=[[Dwango (company)|Dwango]] |location=Japan |language=ja}}
{{Refend}}

== External links ==
{{Sister project links|d=Q55400|commons=category:Hayao Miyazaki|n=no|b=no|wikt=no|s=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|species=no}}
* [https://www.ghibli.jp/ Studio Ghibli] {{in lang|ja}}
* {{anime News Network|people|51}}
* {{IMDb name|nm0594503}}

{{Hayao Miyazaki}}
{{Navboxes
|title = [[List of accolades received by Hayao Miyazaki|Awards for Hayao Miyazaki]]
|list =
{{Academy Award for Best Animated Feature}}
{{Academy Honorary Award}}
{{Annie Award for Directing in a Feature Production}}
{{Annie Award for Writing in a Feature Production}}
{{Annie Award for Storyboarding in a Feature Production}}
{{Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best Animated Feature}}
{{Donostia Award}}
{{Golden Globe Award for Best Animated Feature Film}}
{{Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement}}
{{Hochi Film Award for Best Director}}
{{Inkpot Award 2000s}}
{{Nebula Award for Best Script/Bradbury Award 2001–2020}}
{{Winsor McCay Award 1990s}}
}}
{{Studio Ghibli}}
{{WMT}}
{{Portal bar|Japan|Anime and manga|Studio Ghibli|Biography}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Miyazaki, Hayao}}
[[Category:Hayao Miyazaki| ]]
[[Category:1941 births]]
[[Category:20th-century Japanese male artists]]
[[Category:20th-century Japanese male writers]]
[[Category:20th-century Japanese screenwriters]]
[[Category:21st-century Japanese male artists]]
[[Category:21st-century Japanese male writers]]
[[Category:21st-century Japanese screenwriters]]
[[Category:Academy Honorary Award recipients]]
[[Category:Activists from Tokyo]]
[[Category:Anime character designers]]
[[Category:Anime directors]]
[[Category:Anime people from Tokyo]]
[[Category:Anime screenwriters]]
[[Category:Annie Award winners]]
[[Category:Anti-globalization writers]]
[[Category:Critics of artificial intelligence]]
[[Category:Directors of Best Animated Feature Academy Award winners]]
[[Category:Directors of Golden Bear winners]]
[[Category:Environmental writers]]
[[Category:Feminist artists]]
[[Category:Former Marxists]]
[[Category:Gakushuin University alumni]]
[[Category:Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement recipients]]
[[Category:Inkpot Award winners]]
[[Category:Japanese anime producers]]
[[Category:Japanese character designers]]
[[Category:Japanese environmentalists]]
[[Category:Japanese fantasy artists]]
[[Category:Japanese fantasy film directors]]
[[Category:Japanese feminists]]
[[Category:Japanese graphic novelists]]
[[Category:Japanese male screenwriters]]
[[Category:Japanese pacifists]]
[[Category:Japanese storyboard artists]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Manga artists from Tokyo]]
[[Category:Nebula Award winners]]
[[Category:People from Bunkyō]]
[[Category:Persons of Cultural Merit]]
[[Category:Science Fiction Hall of Fame inductees]]
[[Category:Studio Ghibli people]]
[[Category:Toei Animation]]
[[Category:Topcraft]]
[[Category:World Masterpiece Theater series]]