View source for Oise

{{short description|Department of France}}
{{other uses}}
{{Infobox settlement
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->| name               = Oise
| native_name        = {{native name|pcd|Oése}}
| native_name_lang   = fr<!-- ISO 639-2 code e.g. "fr" for French. If more than one, use {{lang}} instead -->
| type               = [[Departments of France|Department of France]]
| image_skyline      = Prefecture beauvais 2.jpg
| image_alt          = 
| image_caption      = [[Prefectures in France|Prefecture]] building in [[Beauvais]]
| image_flag         = Flag of the Department of Oise.svg
| flag_alt           = 
| image_shield       = Blason département fr Oise.svg
| shield_alt         = 
| nickname           = 
| motto              = 
| image_map          = Oise-Position.svg
| map_alt            = 
| map_caption        = Location of Oise in France
| pushpin_map        = 
| pushpin_label_position = 
| pushpin_map_alt    = 
| pushpin_map_caption = 
| coordinates        = {{coord|49|23|N|02|25|E|region:FR-60_type:adm2nd_scale:2000000_source:frwiki|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint      = 
| coordinates_footnotes = 
| subdivision_type   = Country
| subdivision_name   = [[France]]
| subdivision_type1  = [[Regions of France|Region]]
| subdivision_name1  = [[Hauts-de-France]]
| established_title  = 
| established_date   = 
| founder            = 
| seat_type          = [[Prefectures in France|Prefecture]]
| seat               = [[Beauvais]]
| parts_type         = [[Subprefectures in France|Subprefectures]]
| parts_style        = para
| p1                 = [[Clermont, Oise|Clermont]]<br>[[Compiègne]]<br>[[Senlis, Oise|Senlis]]
| government_footnotes = 
| leader_party       = [[The Republicans (France)|LR]]
| leader_title       = [[List of presidents of departmental councils (France)|President of the Departmental Council]]
| leader_name        = Nadège Lefebvre<ref>{{cite web|title=Répertoire national des élus: les conseillers départementaux|url=https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/r/601ef073-d986-4582-8e1a-ed14dc857fba|website=data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises|date=4 May 2022|language=fr}}</ref>
| unit_pref          = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude     = 
| area_footnotes     = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2     = 5860
| area_note          = 
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m        = 
| elevation_min_m    = 
| elevation_max_m    = 
| population_total   = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_total}}
| population_as_of   = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_as_of}}
| population_footnotes = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_footnotes2}}
| population_rank    = [[List of French departments by population|26th]]
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym = 
| population_note    = 
| blank_name_sec1    = [[Departments of France|Department number]]
| blank_info_sec1    = 60
| blank_name_sec2    = [[Arrondissements of France|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2    = [[arrondissements of the Oise department|4]]
| blank1_name_sec2   = [[Cantons in France|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2   = [[cantons of the Oise department|21]]
| blank2_name_sec2   = [[Communes in France|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2   = [[communes of the Oise department|680]]
| timezone1          = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1        = +1
| timezone1_DST      = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST    = +2
| postal_code_type   = 
| postal_code        = 
| area_code_type     = 
| area_code          = 
| iso_code           = FR-60
| website            = 
| footnotes          = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuary|estuaries]], and lakes, ponds, and glaciers larger than 1 km<sup>2</sup>
}}

'''Oise''' ({{IPAc-en|w|ɑː|z}} {{respell|WAHZ}}; {{IPA|fr|waz|lang|LL-Q150 (fra)-GrandCelinien-Oise.wav}}; {{langx|pcd|Oése}}) is a [[departments of France|department]] in the north of [[France]]. It is named after the river [[Oise (river)|Oise]]. Inhabitants of the department are called ''Oisiens'' ({{IPA|fr|wazjɛ̃|lang}}) or ''Isariens'', after the [[Latin]] name for the river, Isara. It had a population of 829,899 in 2023.<ref name=pophist/>

==History==
Oise is one of the original 83 departments created during the [[French Revolution]] on March 4, 1790. It was created from part of the [[provinces of France|province]] of [[Île-de-France]] and [[Picardy]].

After the coalition victory at [[Battle of Waterloo|Waterloo]], the department was occupied by [[Great Britain|British]] [[British army|troops]] between June 1815 and November 1818.

In March 2021, local [[Member of Parliament (France)|Member of Parliament]] [[Olivier Dassault]] was killed in a plane crash.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-03-07|title=French MP and billionaire Olivier Dassault dies in helicopter crash|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-56313271|access-date=2021-03-08}}</ref>

==Geography==
{{Moresources|section|date=June 2023}}
Oise is part of the current [[regions of France|region]] of [[Hauts-de-France]] and is situated 35&nbsp;km north of [[Paris]]. It is surrounded by the departments of [[Somme (department)|Somme]], [[Aisne]], [[Seine-et-Marne]], [[Val-d'Oise]], [[Eure]], and [[Seine-Maritime]].

=== Principal towns ===
The most populous commune is [[Beauvais]], the prefecture. As of 2023, there are 10 communes with more than 12,000 inhabitants:<ref name=pop2023>[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/8680694/dep60.pdf Populations de référence 2023: 60 Oise], INSEE</ref>

{| class=wikitable
! Commune
! Population (2023)
|-
| [[Beauvais]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 55,550
|-
| [[Compiègne]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 40,761
|-
| [[Creil]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 36,301
|-
| [[Nogent-sur-Oise]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 21,907
|-
| [[Senlis]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 15,157
|-
| [[Crépy-en-Valois]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 14,351
|-
| [[Montataire]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 14,257
|-
| [[Méru]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 13,897
|-
| [[Noyon]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 12,971
|-
| [[Pont-Sainte-Maxence]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 12,361
|}

==Demographics==
{{Historical populations
|align=none
|percentages=pagr
|footnote=Sources:<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://splaf.free.fr/60his.html|title=Historique de l'Oise|website=Le SPLAF}}</ref><ref name=pophist>[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/8643952?geo=DEP-60#tableau-POPREF_G1 Population municipale entre 1968 et 2023], INSEE</ref>
|graph-pos=bottom
|cols=2
|1801|350,854
|1821|375,817
|1831|397,725
|1841|398,868
|1851|403,857
|1861|401,417
|1872|396,804
|1881|404,555
|1891|401,835
|1901|407,808
|1911|411,028
|1921|387,760
|1931|407,432
|1936|402,569
|1946|396,724
|1954|435,308
|1962|481,289
|1968 |540988
|1975 |606320
|1982 |661781
|1990 |725603
|1999 |766441
|2007 |796624
|2012 |810300
|2017 |824503
|2023 |829899
}}

==Politics==

The president of the Departmental Council is Nadège Lefebvre, elected in 2017.

=== Presidential elections 2nd round ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!colspan="2"|Election!!Winning candidate!!Party!!%!!2nd place candidate!!Party!!%
|-
|style="background-color: {{party color|National Rally}}" |
|[[2022 French presidential election|2022]]
|[[Marine Le Pen]]
|[[National Rally|RN]]
|52.73
|[[Emmanuel Macron]]
|[[La République En Marche!|LREM]]
|47.27
|-
|style="background-color: {{party color|En Marche!}}" |
| [[2017 French presidential election|2017]]<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=http://www.interieur.gouv.fr/Elections/Les-resultats/Presidentielles|title=Présidentielles|first=Ministère de|last=l'Intérieur|website=interieur.gouv.fr}}</ref>
| [[Emmanuel Macron]]
| [[La République En Marche!|LREM]]
| 53.28
| [[Marine Le Pen]]
| [[National Front (France)|FN]]
| 46.72
|-
|style="background-color: {{party color|Union for a Popular Movement}}" |
| [[2012 French presidential election|2012]]
| [[Nicolas Sarkozy]]
| [[Union for a Popular Movement|UMP]]
| 52.66
| [[François Hollande]]
| [[Socialist Party (France)|PS]]
| 47.34
|-
|style="background-color: {{party color|Union for a Popular Movement}}" |
| [[2007 French presidential election|2007]]
| [[Nicolas Sarkozy]]
| [[Union for a Popular Movement|UMP]]
| 58.28
| [[Ségolène Royal]]
| [[Socialist Party (France)|PS]]
| 41.72
|-
|style="background-color: {{party color|Rally for the Republic}}" |
| [[2002 French presidential election|2002]]<ref name="auto"/>
| [[Jacques Chirac]]
| [[Rally for the Republic|RPR]]
| 74.93
| [[Jean-Marie Le Pen]]
| [[National Rally|FN]]
| 25.07
|}

===Current National Assembly Representatives===

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!colspan="2"|Constituency!!Member<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/|title=Assemblée nationale ~ Les députés, le vote de la loi, le Parlement français|first=Assemblée|last=Nationale|website=Assemblée nationale}}</ref>!!Party
|-
|style="background-color: {{party color|National Rally }}" |
|[[Oise's 1st constituency]]
|[[Victor Habert-Dassault|Claire Marais-Beuil]]
|[[National Rally]]
|-
|style="background-color: {{party color|National Rally}}" |
| [[Oise's 2nd constituency]]
| [[Philippe Ballard]]
| [[National Rally]]
|-
|style="background-color: {{party color|National Rally}}" |
| [[Oise's 3rd constituency]]
| [[Alexandre Sabatou]]
| [[National Rally]]
|-
|style="background-color: {{party color|Renaissance (French political party)}}" |
| [[Oise's 4th constituency]]
| [[Éric Woerth]]
| [[Renaissance (French political party)|Renaissance]]
|-
|style="background-color: {{party color|National Rally }}" |
| [[Oise's 5th constituency]]
| [[Frédéric-Pierre Vos]]
| [[National Rally]]
|-
|style="background-color: {{party color|National Rally}}" |
| [[Oise's 6th constituency]]
| [[Michel Guiniot]]
| [[National Rally]]
|-
|style="background-color: {{party color|National Rally }}" |
| [[Oise's 7th constituency]]
| [[David Magnier]]
| [[National Rally]]
|}

==Tourism==
The major tourist attraction of the department is the [[Parc Astérix]], which opened in 1989.  Other interesting sites are [[Beauvais Cathedral]], the [[Château de Pierrefonds]], restored by [[Viollet-le-Duc]], and the art collection of the [[Château de Chantilly]], which is one of the largest outside Paris.

<gallery>
File:Chateau de Chantilly 009.JPG|Art gallery in the [[Château de Chantilly]]
File:Beauvais 1.JPG|[[Beauvais Cathedral]]
File:Goudurix.jpg|Rollercoaster at the [[Parc Astérix]]
File:Renault FT17 IMG 8406.jpg|[[Renault FT]] in the [[Glade of the Armistice]]
File:Chateau de Pierrefonds.jpg|[[Château de Pierrefonds]]
</gallery>

==Twinned county==
{{Unsourced|section|date=June 2023}}
Oise is twinned with [[Bedfordshire]] in [[England]]. It is also twinned with the [[Indonesia]]n regency of [[Karanganyar Regency|Karanganyar]] and the [[China|Chinese]] provinces of [[Shandong]] and [[Zhejiang]].

One of the villages along the river Oise is [[Auvers-sur-Oise]], famous for having been visited by several [[impressionism|impressionist]] artists. This is where [[Vincent van Gogh]] spent his last 70 days and is his and his brother Theo's resting place.

==See also==
{{Portal|France}}
*[[Arrondissements of the Oise department]]
*[[Cantons of the Oise department]]
*[[Communes of the Oise department]]
*[[Monument aux morts (Oise)]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{in lang|fr}} [http://www.oise.gouv.fr Prefecture website]
* {{in lang|fr}} [https://www.oise.fr/ Departmental Council website]
* {{in lang|fr}} [http://www.oisereferencement.fr oise directory website]
* {{in lang|en}} [https://www.oisetourisme.com/ Oise Tourist Board]

{{Departments of France}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Oise| ]]
[[Category:1790 establishments in France]]
[[Category:Departments of Hauts-de-France]]
[[Category:States and territories established in 1790]]