Tachyony: Imported page

2021-12-06T16:04:36Z

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{{redirect|WP:PRINT|guidance on sources in print|Wikipedia:Offline sources}}
{{Redirect|WP:PRINTABLE|the guidelines on printworthy page titles|Wikipedia:Printability}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2014}}
{{Wikipedia how to}}
{{nutshell|To print a Wikipedia page, select File → Print from your web browser, or click on the browser print icon.}}

In general, printing a Wikipedia [[wp:article|article]] is as simple as selecting ''Printable version'' from the MediaWiki sidebar. Your browser probably has its own print preview feature.

The [[MediaWiki]] software that Wikipedia runs on uses [[Cascading Style Sheets]] in order to specify the style and layout that is suitable to a printed version of the page. In modern browsers, the print function of the browser should automatically use the rules in the style sheets when you print an article, therefore the ''print'' command of your web browser is also useful.

Certain page elements normally do not print; these include [[wp:self|self references]] like section edit links, navigation boxes, message boxes and metadata.<ref>The rationale for not printing navigation boxes is that these items contain [[wp:wikilinks|wikilinks]] that are of no use to print readers. (See [[User talk:Ruud Koot/2010#Do you recall the reason?]]) There are two problems with this rationale: First, other wikilink content does print, ''for example'' [[wp:ALSO|See also]] and [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Succession Box Standardization#Overview|succession boxes]]. Second, navigation boxes do contain useful information regarding the relationship of the article to the subjects of related articles.</ref>

==Printable version==
The default Vector skin has a selection in the left sidebar for 'Print page'. This printable version is often misunderstood, as it is not exactly a print preview. It does not show page numbers, headers and footers applied by your browser. For a proper print preview, use the one supplied by your browser.

Print page is not needed for any modern browser, as these browsers will parse the <code>media="print"</code> CSS styles included in the markup of Wikipedia pages. The print rules are applied automatically when the page is printed or previewed from the browser.

Older browsers do not automatically apply print rules when using the browser print feature or don't apply them correctly. These browsers include:<ref>{{cite web |title=CSS print media browser conformance |url=http://www.codestyle.org/css/media/print-BrowserSummary.shtml |work=Code Style |accessdate=11 November 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://w3development.de/css/assigning_external_css/link.html |title=Assigning external CSS > link |accessdate=9 April 2009}}</ref>
* Internet Explorer 6 and older
* Netscape Navigator 4.73 and older
* Firefox 5 and lower

Printable version does not apply <code>@media print</code> rules from user style sheets— see below.

==CSS==
MediaWiki provides a print specific styling. This style sheet can be edited only by the developers.

The Wikipedia specific print style sheet is at [[MediaWiki:Print.css]]. This style sheet can supplement and override the base; it can only be edited by [[Wikipedia:Interface administrators|interface administrators]].

===Classes===
[[MediaWiki:Print.css]] defines certain classes that are non-printable, specifically navbox, infobox.sisterproject, editlink, noprint, metadata, dablink. For example: since {{tl|navbox}} uses the navbox class, any elements based on it will not print.

===@media print===
CSS media types define the rules for different types of presentation media. The normal display uses <code>@media screen</code> rules; printing rules can be defined with defined <code>@media print</code>.

==Controlling print==

===Elements===
When creating a new element that should not print, the noprint class can be applied; for example:<syntaxhighlight lang="html">
<span class="noprint">foo</span>
</syntaxhighlight>Here, the content ''foo'' would display, but not print. You can also use {{tl|noprint}}, a template wrapper for the <code>noprint</code> class. Some other templates, such as {{tl|unprintworthy-inline}}, also include the <code>noprint</code> class.

===Personal customization===
Readers with accounts can modify their [[Special:MyPage/skin.css]] to customize their individual printing experience. Remember that rules using <code>@media print</code> will show— or not show if that is the intent —in print preview but not printable version.

;Print URLs for references in citation templates:
<syntaxhighlight lang="CSS">/* print URLs for references */
#content cite a.external.text:after {display: inline;}</syntaxhighlight>
* Note: URLs will always print for references that do not use citation templates

;Do not print references:
<syntaxhighlight lang="CSS">/* do not print references */
@media print {
ol.references {display: none;}
}</syntaxhighlight>

;Change the print font size:
<syntaxhighlight lang="CSS">/* save ink and paper with very small fonts */
@media print {
#footer,
#content,
body { font-size: 8pt !important; }
h1 { font-size: 17pt }
h2 { font-size: 14pt }
h3 { font-size: 11pt }
h4 { font-size: 9pt }
h5 { font-size: 8pt }
h6 {
font-size: 8pt;
font-weight: normal;
}
}</syntaxhighlight>

;Remove: space above title, remove "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia", URL, categories, modification text and license text
<syntaxhighlight lang="CSS">/* Remove non-essential elements */
@media print {
.firstHeading { margin-top: 0; padding-top: 0; }
#siteSub { display: none; }
.printfooter { display: none; }
#catlinks, .catlinks { display: none; }
#footer { display: none; }
}</syntaxhighlight>

==Linking==
It is possible to include links to the printable version of a page. Such links should not be needed in articles, and the use elsewhere should consider the actual need and limitations.

The link to the printable page is of the format:
:http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Printable&printable=yes

A link to the printable version of a page can be created by using

:<code><nowiki>{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|printable=yes}}</nowiki></code>

==See also==
* [[Help:Cascading Style Sheets]]
* [[Help:Books]]
* [[User:TheDJ/Print options]]— a script that gives you greater control of how Wikipedia pages are printed.

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{cite web|url=http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/media.html#at-media-rule|title=Media types|work=Cascading Style Sheets Level 2 Revision 1 (CSS 2.1) Specification|publisher=World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)|accessdate=8 April 2009}}

{{Wikipedia technical help|collapsed}}
[[Category:Wikipedia interface help|Printable version]]
[[Category:Wikipedia sidebar help|Printable version]]

Help:Printing - Revision history

Tachyony: Imported page