Tachyony: Imported page

2021-12-19T16:50:12Z

Imported page

New page

{{MoS guideline|WP:MOSIN|MOS:INDIA}}
{{Style}}

''These guidelines deal with the content and naming of [[India]]-related articles. Please follow the conventions below. If you disagree with any of the conventions, please discuss in the [[Wikipedia talk:Manual of Style (India-related articles)|talk page]].''

To write and edit [[India]]-related articles, please follow the conventions below. Note
*see [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style]] for general cases
*see [[Wikipedia:History]] for notes on the style of history articles
*see [[Wikipedia:Naming conventions (use English)]] for general use of English names in articles.
*see [[Wikipedia:Notice board for India-related topics]] for ongoing news and tasks relevant to India-related topics.

==Purpose==
The purpose of this manual is to create style guidelines for editing articles related to the country of [[India]] in the English Wikipedia to conform to a neutral encyclopedic standard, as well as to make things easier to read by following a consistent format. This manual also states the conventions to be followed for writing the names in [[Indic scripts]]. The following rules do not claim to be the last word. One way is often as good as another, but if everyone follows minimum standards, Wikipedia will be easier to read and use, not to mention easier to write and edit. This manual is open to all proposals, discussion, and editing.

==Scope==

===Languages of origin===

This convention should be applied to any language spoken in the Indian subcontinent that is written in an [[Indic script]]. The major languages are: [[Assamese language|Assamese]], [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]], [[Hindi]], [[Kannada]], [[Konkani language|Konkani]] (when written in Kannada or Devanagari scripts), [[Malayalam]], [[Marathi language|Marathi]], [[Nepali language|Nepali]], [[Odia language|Odia]], [[Pali]], [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] (when written in Gurmukhi script), [[Sanskrit]], [[Sinhalese language|Sinhala]], [[Tamil language|Tamil]], and [[Telugu language|Telugu]].

The following languages are of Indic origin, but will usually be written in non-Indic scripts, usually derived from [[Arabic]] (see [[Wikipedia:Naming conventions (Arabic)]]). This convention will normally apply to them only when transliterating from writings in an Indic script: [[Urdu]], [[Kashmiri_language|Kashmiri]], [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] (western), and [[Sindhi language|Sindhi]].

Several languages may be written in Indic scripts, but are not themselves Indic languages. Some aspects of this convention may apply to them, but they may have their own conventions. They include [[Classical Tibetan|Tibetan]], [[Burmese language|Burmese]], [[Thai language|Thai]], [[Khmer language|Khmer]], [[Lao language|Lao]], and [[Javanese language|Javanese]].

===Subject matter covered===
This standard is recommended for use in articles in the following fields;
* Towns, cities, [[Districts of India|districts]], [[States of India|states]], [[protected areas]] and all other places within the political boundary of India.
* All companies, organisations and factories which have their headquarters located in India.
* All persons who are born in modern India (or [[Presidencies and provinces of British India|British India]] before the 1947 [[Partition of India]] and Pakistan) or have taken citizenship of India.
* Historical articles and historical place names of India, including especially history prior to 1800.

==Basic India conventions==
* Use only [[Indian English]] spellings as per the guidelines for India-related pages.
* All units should be metric ([[SI]]) units. Imperial equivalents should be given alongside in brackets. The {{tl|Convert}} template can be useful for this.
* You may use the [[Indian numbering system]] of [[lakh]]s and [[crores]] but should give their equivalents in millions/billions in parentheses. Use a non-breaking space in such circumstances, e.g.: <nowiki>21{{nbsp}}crore</nowiki> and always link the first occurrence of the word.
* Comma-delimited numbers should always be written in the Western style (e.g., 30,000,000; not 3,00,00,000). See [[WP:NUMERAL]].
* For monetary figures, you may use the Indian numbering system but also give their [[US dollar]] equivalents in parentheses.

== Biographical articles ==
{{See also|Wikipedia:Manual of Style (biographies)}}
While the article title should generally be the name by which the subject is most commonly known, the subject's full name should be given in the lead paragraph, if known. It is common to give the maiden surname of women better known under their married name. For people who are best known by a [[pseudonym]], the legal name should usually appear first in the article, followed closely by the pseudonym. Follow this practice even if the article itself is titled with the pseudonym. Alternatively, the legal name can appear in apposition to the pseudonym.
Generally, titles and honorifics should not be used either in the article body or when naming an article. Academic and professional titles (such as "Doctor" or "Professor") should not be used before the name in the initial sentence or in other uses of the person's name; attainment of these titles should be included in the article text instead. After the initial mention of any name, the person may be referred to by surname only. The person may be referred to by their first name in the case of [[royal family|royalty]], or as "Prince/ss/Yuvraj/Yuvrani First Name" or as "The Maharaja", "The Maharani", etc. Biographies of living persons should begin in the present tense; biographies of deceased persons should begin in the past tense. If a person is living but has retired, use the present tense "is a former" rather than the past tense "was". [[Wikipedia:Redirect|Redirects]] should be used for other forms of an individual's name.

==Non-English strings==

Use the {{tl|lang}} tag to mark non-English strings. When giving a term in its native script, provide the [[ISO 639-2]] code (if unavailable, use the [[ISO 639-3]] code) to identify the language. Example:
:<code><nowiki>{{lang|ta|தமிழ்}}</nowiki></code>, <code><nowiki>{{lang|hi|हिन्दी}}</nowiki></code> → {{lang|ta|தமிழ்}}, {{lang|hi|हिन्दी}}

To write a term using its [[ISO 15919]] transliteration, use the {{tl|transl}} tag with the language code and <code>ISO</code> as the transliteration standard:
:<code><nowiki>{{transl|ta|ISO|tamiḻ}}</nowiki></code>, <code><nowiki>{{transl|hi|ISO|hindī}}</nowiki></code>
:{{transl|ta|ISO|tamiḻ}}, {{transl|hi|ISO|hindī}}

For Sanskrit terms, use {{tl|IAST}} instead of {{tl|transl}}:
:<code><nowiki>{{IAST|saṃskṛtam}}</nowiki></code>
:{{IAST|saṃskṛtam}}

==={{anchor|Lead and infobox}}Indic scripts in leads and infoboxes===
{{shortcut|WP:MOSIS|MOS:IS|WP:INDICSCRIPT|WP:INDICSCRIPTS|MOS:INDICSCRIPT|WP:NOINDICSCRIPT}}

Avoid the use of Indic scripts (non-Latin scripts) in [[WP:Manual of Style/Lead section|lead sections]] or [[WP:Infobox|infoboxes]]. Instead, use [[International Phonetic Alphabet]] pronunciation guides, which are more international. Exceptions are articles on the script itself, articles on a language that uses the script, and articles on texts originally written in a particular script.

This avoidance of Indic scripts only applies to articles that are predominantly India-related and is excluded from, among others, articles about Hinduism, Buddhism, or any of India's neighbouring countries. It is a divergence from the usual practice of including non-Latin script in leads when it is arguably relevant (e.g. "Athens ... {{lang-ell|Αθήνα}} ..." at the article [[Athens]]).

One reason Indian scripts are avoided is that there often are too many languages with their own native script, each of which can be original names for a topic. Additionally, there are too often problems with verifiability of the accuracy of the non-English spelling. A third reason is frequent disagreements over which native scripts to include; this led to a resolution to avoid all of them.

This consensus is a result of a [[Wikipedia_talk:Noticeboard_for_India-related_topics/Archive_48#Native_languages_in_lead|2012 request for comment]] on Indic scripts generally, and [[Wikipedia_talk:Noticeboard_for_India-related_topics/Archive_64#RfC_on_Indicscript_in_infoboxes|2017 request for comment]] on Indic script in Infoboxes. Those large community discussions followed many other discussions including these:
*[[User_talk:AmandaNP/Archives/2012/January#Native_languages_in_lead|Native languages in lead]], January 2012
*[[Wikipedia_talk:Noticeboard_for_India-related_topics/Archive_50#Indic_Script_In_Article_-_In_Search_Of_Alternative.21|Indic Script In Article - In Search Of Alternative!]], April 2012
*[[Wikipedia_talk:Noticeboard_for_India-related_topics/Archive_53#Consensus_for_adding_Indic_Script_in_Infobox|Consensus for adding Indic Script in Infobox]], May 2013
*[[Wikipedia_talk:Noticeboard_for_India-related_topics/Archive_54#Revision_of_Indic_scripts_in_lead|Revision of Indic scripts in lead]], June 2013
*[[Wikipedia_talk:Noticeboard_for_India-related_topics/Archive_62#Organising_a_vote_on_Indic-Scripts|Organising a vote on Indic-Scripts]], May 2016
*[[Wikipedia_talk:Noticeboard_for_India-related_topics/Archive_64#Multiple_Indicscript_in_infoboxes_are_out_of_control|Multiple Indicscript in infoboxes are out of control]], April 2017
*[[Wikipedia_talk:Noticeboard_for_India-related_topics/Archive_63#Indic_script_in_.22Lead_sentence.22_or_in_.22Lead_section.22.3F|Indic script in "Lead sentence" or in "Lead section"?]], May 2017


==Linking to other Indian Language Wikipedias==
Use the [[Wikidata]] item of the article to link to the equivalent article on the other Indian language Wikipedias. Wikidata Item can be found on left side bar.

Additionally, there is generally no need to use inline links to the equivalent other Indian Language Wikipedias article for any words in an article. If a word is important enough to warrant a link, it will have an article here, in which case a standard link is sufficient. However, [[Help:Interwikimedia links|interwiki linking]] may be used to supplement [[Wikipedia:red link|red link]]s. See [[Help:Interlanguage links#Inline links|Help:Interlanguage links § Inline links]] for more information on how to do this. Linking of the name of Indian people in their mother tongue Wikipedia can be done. For example a page beginning
:'''Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi''' ([[Gujarati language|Gujarati]]: મોહનદાસ કરમચંદ ગાંધી, [[IAST]]: ''mohandās karamcand gāndhī'', {{IPA-gu|mohən̪d̪as kərəmtʃən̪d̪ ɡan̪d̪ʱi|IPA}}; 2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) was a ...

can be written as
:<nowiki>[[gu:મોહનદાસ કરમચંદ ગાંધી]]</nowiki>

====Other versions====
If both the English and Indic pronunciation are the same (likely if the Indic word is not used in English) then ignore the <code>indicipa</code> parameter. If you don't have audio files, you can simply leave those parameters out. For full details of what the template can do, see [[Template:Indic]].

==Other articles==
===Modern names and terms===
Personal, organisation, and company names in current and recent usage should generally be romanized according to the nameholder's preference, if that can be established. However, this convention may be appropriately applied to them in certain contexts. These include:
* when it is necessary to accurately or unambiguously transliterate from original text, or to indicate original pronunciation;
* when it is necessary to maintain consistency in the article.

==See also==
* [[Wikipedia:Naming conventions (Indic)]]
* [[Template:Indic script lede]]
{{style wide}}

[[Category:Wikipedia Manual of Style (regional)|India]]
[[Category:India Wikipedia administration|MOS]]

Wikipedia:Manual of Style/India-related articles - Revision history

Tachyony: Imported page