Grappling: Difference between revisions

'''Grappling''' is a fighting technique based on [[Throw (grappling)|throws]], trips, [[Sweep (martial arts)|sweeps]], [[clinch fighting]], [[ground fighting]] and [[submission holds]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://rusgrappling.ru/grappling/about-grappling/#:~:text=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%8F%20%D0%B8%20%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5%20%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F,%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8%2C%20%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B8%20%D0%B2%202007%20%D0%B3. | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240130043423/https://rusgrappling.ru/grappling/about-grappling/#:~:text=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%8F%20%D0%B8%20%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5%20%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F,%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8%2C%20%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B8%20%D0%B2%202007%20%D0%B3. | archive-date=30 January 2024 | title=О грэпплинге }}</ref>

Grappling most commonly does not include [[strike (attack)|striking]] or the use of [[weapons]]. However, some fighting styles or martial arts known especially for their grappling techniques teach tactics that include strikes and weapons either alongside grappling or combined with it.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://judoinfo.com/katagosh.htm|title=Judo Self-Defense Forms: Goshin Jutsu|work=judoinfo.com|access-date=10 July 2011|archive-date=2 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160702054920/http://judoinfo.com/katagosh.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Types of technique  ==

[[File:Illustrerad Verldshistoria band I Ill 012.jpg|thumbnail|[[Ancient Egyptian]] wrestling]]

[[File:Pankratiasten in fight greek statue 2 century bC.jpg|thumb|A Greek bronze statue from 2nd century BC depicting [[Pankration]]. The standing fighter is applying an [[armlock]], a grappling technique. From the [[Staatliche Antikensammlungen]] in Munich.]]

==Stand-up grappling==

<!-- This section is linked from [[Judo]] -->

'''Stand-up grappling''' is arguably an integral part of all grappling and [[clinch fighting]] arts, considering that two combatants generally start fighting from a stand-up position. The aim of stand-up grappling varies according to the martial arts or combat sports in question. Defensive stand-up grappling concerns itself with [[Grappling hold#Pain compliance hold|pain-compliance holds]] and escapes from possible [[grappling hold]]s applied by an opponent, while offensive grappling techniques include [[Grappling hold#Submission hold|submission holds]], [[Trapping (martial arts)|trapping]], [[Takedown (grappling)|takedowns]] and [[Throw (grappling)|throws]], all of which can be used to inflict serious damage, or to move the fight to the ground. Stand-up grappling can also be used both offensively and defensively simultaneously with [[Strike (attack)|striking]], either to trap an opponent's arms while striking, prevent the opponent from obtaining sufficient distance to strike effectively, or to bring the opponent close to apply, for instance, [[Knee (strike)|knee strikes]].

==Ground grappling==

{{See also|Ground fighting}}

<!-- This section is linked from [[Judo]] -->

'''Ground grappling''' refers to all the grappling techniques that are applied while the grapplers are no longer in a standing position. A large part of most [[martial art]]s and [[combat sport]]s which feature ground grappling is [[Grappling position|positioning]] and obtaining a dominant position. A dominant position (usually on top) allows the dominant grappler a variety of options, including: attempting to escape by standing up, obtaining a pin or hold-down to control and exhaust the opponent, executing a submission hold, or striking the opponent. The bottom grappler is, on the other hand, concerned with escaping the situation and improving their position, typically by using a sweep or reversal. In some disciplines, especially those where the [[Guard (grappling)|guard]] is used, the bottom grappler may also be able to finish the fight from the bottom by a submission hold. Some people feel more confident on the bottom because of the large number of submissions that can be accomplished from having the opponent in full-guard.

== Types of grappling ==

There are many different regional styles of grappling around the world that are practiced within a limited geographic area or country. Several martial arts and fighting disciplines employ grappling techniques, such as [[judo]], [[Brazilian jiu-jitsu]], [[Cornish wrestling]], [[catch wrestling]], [[shoot wrestling]], [[submission grappling]], [[Sambo (martial art)|sambo]], [[hapkido]] and several types of [[wrestling]] including [[freestyle Wrestling|freestyle]] and [[Greco-Roman Wrestling|Greco-Roman]] have gained global popularity. Judo, Freestyle Wrestling, and Greco-Roman Wrestling are [[Olympic Sports]] while Grappling, Brazilian Jiu-jitsu and Sambo have their own World Championship Competitions.  Other known grappling-oriented systems are [[sumo]], [[shuai jiao]], [[malla-yuddha]] and [[aikido]].

===ADCC===

===Mundials===

* [[Ground fighting]]

* [[Submission wrestling]]

* [[Brazilian Jiu Jitsu]]

* [[Judo]]