Nepeta: Difference between revisions

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imported>MichaelMaggs
Changing short description from "Genus of flowering plants, known for effect on cats (catnip) in the mint family (Lamiaceae)" to "Genus of flowering plants"
 
imported>Rodw
m Disambiguating links to Family (disambiguation) (link changed to Family (taxonomy)) using DisamAssist.
 
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'''''Nepeta''''' is a [[genus]] of [[flowering plant]]s in the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Lamiaceae]]. The genus name, from Latin {{wikt-lang|la|nepeta}} (“catnip”), is reportedly in reference to [[Nepi|Nepete]], an ancient [[Etruscan cities|Etruscan city]].<ref name="mbot">[http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/gardens-gardening/your-garden/plant-finder/plant-details/kc/e330/nepeta-x-faassenii.aspx Missouri Botanical Garden: ''Nepeta'' × ''faassenii'']. Accessed January 10, 2013</ref> There are 295 accepted species.<ref name = powo/>
'''''Nepeta''''' is a [[genus]] of [[flowering plant]]s in the [[Family (taxonomy)|family]] [[Lamiaceae]]. The genus name, from Latin {{wikt-lang|la|nepeta}} (“catnip”), is reportedly in reference to [[Nepi|Nepete]], an ancient [[Etruscan cities|Etruscan city]].<ref name="mbot">[http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/gardens-gardening/your-garden/plant-finder/plant-details/kc/e330/nepeta-x-faassenii.aspx Missouri Botanical Garden: ''Nepeta'' × ''faassenii'']. Accessed January 10, 2013</ref> There are 295 accepted species.<ref name = powo/>


The genus is [[native plant|native]] to Europe, Asia, and Africa, and has also [[naturalisation (biology)|naturalized]] in North America.<ref name=Bram>{{cite book | title = Funk & Wagnalls New Encyclopedia | volume = 5 | isbn = 978-0-8343-0051-4 | author = Leon L. Bram| editor = Robert S. Phillips, Norma H. Dickey | year = 1983 | publisher = Funk & Wagnalls | location = New York}}</ref>
The genus is [[native plant|native]] to Europe, Asia, and Africa, and has also [[naturalisation (biology)|naturalized]] in North America.<ref name=Bram>{{cite book | title = Funk & Wagnalls New Encyclopedia | volume = 5 | isbn = 978-0-8343-0051-4 | author = Leon L. Bram| editor = Robert S. Phillips, Norma H. Dickey | year = 1983 | publisher = Funk & Wagnalls | location = New York}}</ref>
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*''[[Nepeta manchuriensis]]'' <small>S.Moore</small>
*''[[Nepeta manchuriensis]]'' <small>S.Moore</small>
*''[[Nepeta mariae]]'' <small>Regel</small>
*''[[Nepeta mariae]]'' <small>Regel</small>
*''[[Nepeta margallaica]]'' <small>A.Sultan, Jamzad & A.Khan</small>
*''[[Nepeta maussarifii]]'' <small>Lipsky</small>
*''[[Nepeta maussarifii]]'' <small>Lipsky</small>
*''[[Nepeta melissifolia]]'' <small>Lam.</small>
*''[[Nepeta melissifolia]]'' <small>Lam.</small>
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==Gallery==
==Gallery==
<gallery>
<gallery>
(MHNT) Nepeta × faassenii - flowers.jpg |Nepeta × faassenii - flowers
Nepeta curviflora 1.jpg|Flower spikes of ''[[Nepeta curviflora]]''
Nepeta curviflora 1.jpg|Flower spikes of ''[[Nepeta curviflora]]''
Nepeta govaniana.jpg|''[[Nepeta govaniana]]''
Nepeta govaniana.jpg|''[[Nepeta govaniana]]''
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{{Commons category|Nepeta}}
{{Commons category|Nepeta}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20150924124048/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/splist.pl?8172 GRIN Species Records of ''Nepeta'']
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20150924124048/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/splist.pl?8172 GRIN Species Records of ''Nepeta'']
* [http://www.efloras.org/browse.aspx?flora_id=110&start_taxon_id=122138 Flora of Nepal: ''Nepeta']
* [http://www.efloras.org/browse.aspx?flora_id=110&start_taxon_id=122138 Flora of Nepal: ''Nepeta'']
* [https://www.drugs.com/npc/catnip.html Drugs.com: Catnip]
* [https://www.drugs.com/npc/catnip.html Drugs.com: Catnip]
* [http://pubs.acs.org/cen/whatstuff/83/8331catnip.htmlPubs.acs.org:  "Nepetalactone: What is in catnip anyway?"]
* [http://pubs.acs.org/cen/whatstuff/83/8331catnip.htmlPubs.acs.org:  "Nepetalactone: What is in catnip anyway?"]
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[[Category:Garden plants of Asia]]
[[Category:Garden plants of Asia]]
[[Category:Garden plants of Europe]]
[[Category:Garden plants of Europe]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus]]
[[Category:Botanical taxa named by Carl Linnaeus]]

Latest revision as of 12:28, 8 May 2026

For other uses, see Nepeta (disambiguation).

Nepeta
File:Catnip-blossom.jpg
Nepeta cataria – "true catnip"
Scientific classification e
Missing taxonomy template (fix): Nepeta
Synonyms[1]
  • Afridia Duthie (1898)
  • Cataria Adans. (1793)
  • Hymenocrater Fisch. & C.A.Mey. (1836)
  • Lophanthus Adans. (1763)
  • Marmoritis Benth. (1833)
  • Oxynepeta Bunge (1878)
  • Phyllophyton Kudô (1929)
  • Pitardia Batt. ex Pit. (1918)
  • Pseudolophanthus Levin (1941)
  • Saccilabium Rottb. (1778)
  • Saussuria Moench (1794)
  • Schizonepeta (Benth.) Briq. (1896)
  • Vleckia Raf. (1808)

Template:Taxonbar/candidate

Nepeta is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae. The genus name, from Latin Template:Wikt-lang (“catnip”), is reportedly in reference to Nepete, an ancient Etruscan city.[2] There are 295 accepted species.[1]

The genus is native to Europe, Asia, and Africa, and has also naturalized in North America.[3]

Some members of this group are known as catnip or catmint because of their effect on house cats – the nepetalactone contained in some Nepeta species binds to the olfactory receptors of cats, typically resulting in temporary euphoria.[4]

Description

Most of the species are herbaceous perennial plants, but some are annuals. They have sturdy stems with opposite heart-shaped, green to gray-green leaves.[5] Nepeta plants are usually aromatic in foliage and flowers.

The tubular flowers can be lavender, blue, white, pink, or lilac, and spotted with tiny lavender-purple dots. The flowers are located in verticillasters grouped on spikes; or the verticillasters are arranged in opposite cymes, racemes, or panicles – toward the tip of the stems.[5]

The calyx is tubular or campanulate, they are slightly curved or straight, and the limbs are often 2-lipped with five teeth. The lower lip is larger, with 3-lobes, and the middle lobe is the largest. The flowers have 4 hairless stamens that are nearly parallel, and they ascend under the upper lip of the corolla. Two stamen are longer and stamens of pistillate flowers are rudimentary. The style protrudes outside of the mouth of the flowers.[5]

The fruits are nutlets, which are oblong-ovoid, ellipsoid, ovoid, or obovoid in shape. The surfaces of the nutlets can be slightly ribbed, smooth or warty.[5]

Species

295 species are accepted.[1]

Uses

Cultivation

Some Nepeta species are cultivated as ornamental plants. They can be drought tolerant – water conserving, often deer repellent, with long bloom periods from late spring to autumn. Some species also have repellent properties to insect pests, including aphids and squash bugs, when planted in a garden.[2]

Nepeta species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera (butterfly and moth) species including Coleophora albitarsella, and as nectar sources for pollinators, such as honey bees and hummingbirds.

Selected ornamental species
  • Nepeta cataria (catnip, catswort) – the "true catnip", cultivated as an ornamental plant, has become an invasive species in some habitats.
  • Nepeta grandiflora (giant catmint, Caucasus catmint) – lusher than true catnip and has dark green leaves and dark blue flowers.
  • Nepeta × faassenii (garden catmint) – a hybrid of garden source with gray-green foliage and lavender flowers. It is drought-tolerant and deer-resistant.[2] The cultivar 'Walker's Low' was named Perennial of the Year for 2007 by the Perennial Plant Association.[6][7]
  • Nepeta racemosa (raceme catnip) – commonly used in landscaping.[6] It is hardy, rated for USDA hardiness zone 5b.[8]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Nepeta L. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 15 April 2024.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Missouri Botanical Garden: Nepeta × faassenii. Accessed January 10, 2013
  3. ↑ Leon L. Bram (1983). Robert S. Phillips, Norma H. Dickey (ed.). Funk & Wagnalls New Encyclopedia. 5. New York: Funk & Wagnalls. ISBN 978-0-8343-0051-4.
  4. ↑ Herron, Scott (2003). "Catnip, Nepeta cataria, a Morphological Comparison of Mutant and Wild Type Specimens to Gain an Ethnobotanical Perspective". Economic Botany. 57 (1): 135–142. doi:10.1663/0013-0001(2003)057[0135:cncamc]2.0.co;2. S2CID 29287116.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 "Nepeta". Flora of China. 17: 107.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 "ornamental Outlook".
  7. ↑ "msucares.com: sgnews".
  8. ↑ Richard G. Hawke. "Chicago Botanic Garden Plant Evaluation Notes" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-10.

Further reading

Template:Taxonbar

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