Politics of Colombia: Difference between revisions
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imported>InfernoHues m added citation |
imported>R'n'B m Disambiguating links to Legal recourse (link changed to Legal remedy) using DisamAssist. |
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==Constitution== | ==Constitution== | ||
{{Further|Colombian Constitution of 1991|Constitutional history of Colombia}} | {{Further|Colombian Constitution of 1991|Constitutional history of Colombia}} | ||
The current [[Colombian Constitution of 1991]], enacted on July 5, 1991, strengthened the administration of justice with the provision for introduction of an [[adversarial system]], which entirely replaced the existing [[Napoleonic Code]].{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}} Other significant reforms under the new constitution included civil divorce, [[dual nationality]], the office of [[Vice President of Colombia]], and the election of [[Departments of Colombia|Departmental]] Governors.<ref>{{citation |author=Bruce M. Wilson |title=Institutional Reform and Rights Revolutions in Latin America: The Cases of Costa Rica and Colombia |journal=Journal of Politics in Latin America |url=http://hup.sub.uni-hamburg.de/giga/jpla/article/view/40/40 |issn=1868-4890}}</ref> Additionally, the constitution expanded citizens' fundamental rights, including the right of "tutela," which allows individuals to request immediate court action if they feel their constitutional rights are being violated and if no other [[legal recourse]] is available.{{ | The current [[Colombian Constitution of 1991]], enacted on July 5, 1991, strengthened the administration of justice with the provision for introduction of an [[adversarial system]], which entirely replaced the existing [[Napoleonic Code]].{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}} Other significant reforms under the new constitution included civil divorce, [[dual nationality]], the office of [[Vice President of Colombia]], and the election of [[Departments of Colombia|Departmental]] Governors.<ref>{{citation |author=Bruce M. Wilson |title=Institutional Reform and Rights Revolutions in Latin America: The Cases of Costa Rica and Colombia |journal=Journal of Politics in Latin America |url=http://hup.sub.uni-hamburg.de/giga/jpla/article/view/40/40 |issn=1868-4890}}</ref> Additionally, the constitution expanded citizens' fundamental rights, including the right of "tutela," which allows individuals to request immediate court action if they feel their constitutional rights are being violated and if no other [[Legal remedy|legal recourse]] is available.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Judicial Independence and Accountability in Colombia: A Brief Contextual Reflection |url=https://www.law.berkeley.edu/research/the-robbins-collection/judicial-independence-and-accountability-in-colombia-a-brief-contextual-reflection/ |access-date=2026-04-04 |website=UC Berkeley Law |language=en-US}}</ref> | ||
==Executive branch== | ==Executive branch== | ||
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{{Main article|Legislative Branch of Colombia}} | {{Main article|Legislative Branch of Colombia}} | ||
[[File:CapitolioNacionalDeColombia2004-7.jpg|thumb|[[Congress of Colombia]] in [[Bogotá]].]] | [[File:CapitolioNacionalDeColombia2004-7.jpg|thumb|[[Congress of Colombia]] in [[Bogotá]].]] | ||
Colombia's [[Bicameralism|bicameral]] congress consists of a 108-member [[Senate of Colombia|senate]] and a 172-member [[Chamber of Representatives of Colombia|chamber of representatives]]. Senators are elected on the basis of a nationwide ballot, while representatives are elected in multi member districts co-located within the 32 national departments. The country's capital is a separate capital district and elects its own representatives.{{ | Colombia's [[Bicameralism|bicameral]] congress consists of a 108-member [[Senate of Colombia|senate]] and a 172-member [[Chamber of Representatives of Colombia|chamber of representatives]]. Senators are elected on the basis of a nationwide ballot, while representatives are elected in multi member districts co-located within the 32 national departments. The country's capital is a separate capital district and elects its own representatives.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Colombia: Sistemas Electorales / Electoral Systems |url=https://pdba.georgetown.edu/ElecSys/Colombia/colombia.html |access-date=2025-11-20 |website=pdba.georgetown.edu}}</ref> Members may be re-elected indefinitely, and, in contrast to the pre-1991 constitution system, there are no alternate congressmen. Congress meets twice a year, and the president has the power to call it into special session when needed.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Colombia 1991 (rev. 2013) Constitution - Constitute |url=https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Colombia_2013 |access-date=2025-11-20 |website=www.constituteproject.org |language=en}}</ref> | ||
==Judicial branch== | ==Judicial branch== | ||
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{{Main|2022 Colombian presidential election}}{{Excerpt|2022 Colombian presidential election|Results|only=template|templates=Election results|hat=no}} | {{Main|2022 Colombian presidential election}}{{Excerpt|2022 Colombian presidential election|Results|only=template|templates=Election results|hat=no}} | ||
==== | ==== 2026 parliamentary election ==== | ||
{{Main| | {{Main|2026 Colombian parliamentary election}} | ||
===== Senate ===== | ===== Senate ===== | ||
{{Excerpt| | {{Excerpt|2026 Colombian parliamentary election#Results|Senate|only=template|paragraphs=1|templates=Election results|hat=no}} | ||
===== Chamber of Representatives ===== | ===== Chamber of Representatives ===== | ||
{{Excerpt| | {{Excerpt|2026 Colombian parliamentary election#Results|Chamber of Representatives|only=template|paragraphs=1|templates=Election results|hat=no}} | ||
==Political parties== | ==Political parties== | ||