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* Bill and Cheri Steinkellner (seasons 9–10) | * Bill and Cheri Steinkellner (seasons 9–10) | ||
* Phoef Sutton (seasons 9–10) | * Phoef Sutton (seasons 9–10) | ||
* Ted Danson (season 9-11) | |||
* Tom Anderson (season 11) | * Tom Anderson (season 11) | ||
* Dan O'Shannon (season 11) | * Dan O'Shannon (season 11) | ||
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'''''Cheers''''' is an American television [[sitcom]], created by [[Glen and Les Charles|Glen Charles & Les Charles]] and [[James Burrows]], | '''''Cheers''''' is an American television [[sitcom]], created by [[Glen and Les Charles|Glen Charles & Les Charles]] and [[James Burrows]], aired on [[NBC]] for eleven seasons from September 30, 1982, to May 20, 1993. The show was produced by Charles/Burrows/Charles Productions in association with [[Paramount Television (original)|Paramount Television]]. The show is set in the [[Cheers Beacon Hill|titular bar in Boston]], where a group of locals meet to drink, relax, socialize, and escape from their day-to-day issues. | ||
At the center of the show is the bar's owner and head bartender, [[Sam Malone]], who is a womanizing former relief pitcher for the [[Boston Red Sox]]. The show's ensemble cast introduced in the [[Give Me a Ring Sometime|pilot episode]] are waitresses [[Diane Chambers]] and [[Carla Tortelli]], second bartender [[Coach Ernie Pantusso]], and regular customers [[Norm Peterson]] and [[Cliff Clavin]]. Later main characters of the show include [[Frasier Crane]], [[Woody Boyd]], [[Lilith Sternin]], and [[Rebecca Howe]]. | At the center of the show is the bar's owner and head bartender, [[Sam Malone]], who is a womanizing former relief pitcher for the [[Boston Red Sox]]. The show's ensemble cast introduced in the [[Give Me a Ring Sometime|pilot episode]] are waitresses [[Diane Chambers]] and [[Carla Tortelli]], second bartender [[Coach Ernie Pantusso]], and regular customers [[Norm Peterson]] and [[Cliff Clavin]]. Later main characters of the show include [[Frasier Crane]], [[Woody Boyd]], [[Lilith Sternin]], and [[Rebecca Howe]]. | ||
After premiering in 1982, ''Cheers'' was nearly canceled during its first season when it ranked almost last in ratings for its premiere (74th out of 77 shows). However, the show eventually became a [[Nielsen ratings]] [[juggernaut]] in the United States, earning a top-10 rating during eight of its 11 seasons, including one season at number one (season 9). The show spent most of its run on NBC's Thursday night "[[Must See TV]]" lineup. | After premiering in 1982, ''Cheers'' was nearly canceled during its first season when it ranked almost last in ratings for its premiere (74th out of 77 shows). However, the show eventually became a [[Nielsen ratings]] [[juggernaut]] in the United States, earning a top-10 rating during eight of its 11 seasons, including one season at number one (season 9). The show spent most of its run on NBC's Thursday night "[[Must See TV]]" lineup. [[One for the Road (Cheers)|Its series finale]] in 1993 became the [[List of most-watched television broadcasts|most-watched]] single TV episode of the 1990s, and the show's 275 [[List of Cheers episodes|episodes]] have been successfully [[Broadcast syndication|syndicated]] worldwide. Nominated for [[Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series|Outstanding Comedy Series]] for all 11 of its seasons on the air, it earned 28 [[Primetime Emmy Award]]s from a record of 117 nominations. | ||
During its run, ''Cheers'' became one of the most popular series in history and received critical acclaim from its start to its end and is frequently cited as one of the [[List of television shows considered the best|greatest television shows of all time]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/tv-guide-names-top-50-shows/ |title=TV Guide Names Top 50 Shows |date=April 26, 2002 |work=CBS News |access-date=September 13, 2012 |archive-date=September 4, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120904061715/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2002/04/26/entertainment/main507388.shtml |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://wga.org/content/default.aspx?id=4925|title=101 Best Written TV Series List|work=wga.org|access-date=June 28, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130607080758/http://www.wga.org/content/default.aspx?id=5246|archive-date=June 7, 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Fretts |first1=Bruce |last2=Roush |first2=Matt |title=The Greatest Shows on Earth |magazine=TV Guide |volume=61 |issue=3194–3195 |pages=16–19 }}</ref><ref name="Sepinwall">{{cite magazine| url=https://www.rollingstone.com/tv-movies/tv-movie-lists/best-tv-shows-of-all-time-1234598313/the-sopranos-5-1234599298/| title=The 100 Greatest TV Shows of All Time - 50-1|first=Alan|last=Sepinwall|magazine= [[Rolling Stone]]|date=September 26, 2022|access-date=September 30, 2022|archive-date=September 30, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220930124812/https://www.rollingstone.com/tv-movies/tv-movie-lists/best-tv-shows-of-all-time-1234598313/the-sopranos-5-1234599298/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Variety">{{cite web|url=https://variety.com/lists/greatest-tv-shows-of-all-time/|title=The 100 Greatest TV Shows of All Time|publisher= | work= Variety|date= December 20, 2023}}</ref> In 1997, the episodes "[[Thanksgiving Orphans]]" and "[[Home Is the Sailor (Cheers)|Home Is the Sailor]]," aired originally in 1987, were respectively ranked No. 7 and No. 45 on [[TV Guide's 100 Greatest Episodes of All-Time|''TV Guide''{{'}}s 100 Greatest Episodes of All Time]].<ref>{{cite magazine |year=1997 |title=Special Collector's Issue: 100 Greatest Episodes of All Time |magazine=[[TV Guide]] |issue=June 28 – July 4 }}</ref> The | During its run, ''Cheers'' became one of the most popular series in history and received critical acclaim from its start to its end and is frequently cited as one of the [[List of television shows considered the best|greatest television shows of all time]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/tv-guide-names-top-50-shows/ |title=TV Guide Names Top 50 Shows |date=April 26, 2002 |work=CBS News |access-date=September 13, 2012 |archive-date=September 4, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120904061715/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2002/04/26/entertainment/main507388.shtml |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://wga.org/content/default.aspx?id=4925|title=101 Best Written TV Series List|work=wga.org|access-date=June 28, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130607080758/http://www.wga.org/content/default.aspx?id=5246|archive-date=June 7, 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Fretts |first1=Bruce |last2=Roush |first2=Matt |title=The Greatest Shows on Earth |magazine=TV Guide |volume=61 |issue=3194–3195 |pages=16–19 }}</ref><ref name="Sepinwall">{{cite magazine| url=https://www.rollingstone.com/tv-movies/tv-movie-lists/best-tv-shows-of-all-time-1234598313/the-sopranos-5-1234599298/| title=The 100 Greatest TV Shows of All Time - 50-1|first=Alan|last=Sepinwall|magazine= [[Rolling Stone]]|date=September 26, 2022|access-date=September 30, 2022|archive-date=September 30, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220930124812/https://www.rollingstone.com/tv-movies/tv-movie-lists/best-tv-shows-of-all-time-1234598313/the-sopranos-5-1234599298/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Variety">{{cite web|url=https://variety.com/lists/greatest-tv-shows-of-all-time/|title=The 100 Greatest TV Shows of All Time|publisher= | work= Variety|date= December 20, 2023}}</ref> In 1997, the episodes "[[Thanksgiving Orphans]]" and "[[Home Is the Sailor (Cheers)|Home Is the Sailor]]," aired originally in 1987, were respectively ranked No. 7 and No. 45 on [[TV Guide's 100 Greatest Episodes of All-Time|''TV Guide''{{'}}s 100 Greatest Episodes of All Time]].<ref>{{cite magazine |year=1997 |title=Special Collector's Issue: 100 Greatest Episodes of All Time |magazine=[[TV Guide]] |issue=June 28 – July 4 }}</ref> The show was followed by three spin-offs: ''[[The Tortellis]]'', ''[[Wings (1990 TV series)|Wings]]'', and ''[[Frasier]]''; and a [[Cheers (Spanish TV series)|Spanish remake]]. | ||
==Characters== | ==Characters== | ||
{{main|List of Cheers characters}} | {{main|List of Cheers characters}} | ||
Before the ''Cheers'' pilot "[[Give Me a Ring Sometime]]" was completed and aired in 1982, the series consisted of four employees in the first script.<ref name=scott1982/> Later revisions added [[Norm Peterson]] and [[Cliff Clavin]] (regular customers of Cheers) as among the regular characters of the series, even though neither | Before the ''Cheers'' pilot "[[Give Me a Ring Sometime]]" was completed and aired in 1982, the series consisted of four employees in the first script.<ref name=scott1982/> Later revisions added [[Norm Peterson]] and [[Cliff Clavin]] (regular customers of Cheers) as among the regular characters of the series, even though neither was featured.<ref name=112wendt114>Wendt 2001, pp. 112–114.</ref> | ||
In later years, [[Woody Boyd]] replaced Coach, after the character died off-screen in season three (1984–85), following actor [[Nicholas Colasanto]]'s death. [[Frasier Crane]] started as a recurring character and became a permanent one. In season six (1987–88), new character [[Rebecca Howe]] was added, having been written into the show after the finale of the previous season (1986–87). [[Lilith Sternin]] started as a one-time character in an episode of season four, "Second Time Around" (1985). After her second season five appearance, she became a recurring character and was later featured as a permanent one during season 10 (1991–92). | In later years, [[Woody Boyd]] replaced Coach, after the character died off-screen in season three (1984–85), following actor [[Nicholas Colasanto]]'s death. [[Frasier Crane]] started as a recurring character and became a permanent one. In season six (1987–88), new character [[Rebecca Howe]] was added, having been written into the show after the finale of the previous season (1986–87). [[Lilith Sternin]] started as a one-time character in an episode of season four, "Second Time Around" (1985). After her second season five appearance, she became a recurring character and was later featured as a permanent one during season 10 (1991–92). | ||
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===Subsequent main characters=== | ===Subsequent main characters=== | ||
[[File:Cheers cast 1991.jpg|Cast of ''Cheers'' since season six.{{efn|Only Kirstie Alley was introduced in season six, while the rest of the cast appeared in prior seasons.}} (left to right): (top) [[Rhea Perlman|Perlman]], [[Woody Harrelson]], [[Kelsey Grammer]], [[Bebe Neuwirth]]; (bottom) [[George Wendt|Wendt]], [[Kirstie Alley]], [[Ted Danson|Danson]], [[John Ratzenberger|Ratzenberger]] |thumb|upright=1.36|alt=Background is bar setting. Top row has a waitress, a young handsome bartender, and married opposite-sex psychiatrists. Bottom row has a suit-dressed man, a blonde, a middle-aged handsome bartender, and a mailman.]] | <!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:Cheers cast 1991.jpg|Cast of ''Cheers'' since season six.{{efn|Only Kirstie Alley was introduced in season six, while the rest of the cast appeared in prior seasons.}} (left to right): (top) [[Rhea Perlman|Perlman]], [[Woody Harrelson]], [[Kelsey Grammer]], [[Bebe Neuwirth]]; (bottom) [[George Wendt|Wendt]], [[Kirstie Alley]], [[Ted Danson|Danson]], [[John Ratzenberger|Ratzenberger]] |thumb|upright=1.36|alt=Background is bar setting. Top row has a waitress, a young handsome bartender, and married opposite-sex psychiatrists. Bottom row has a suit-dressed man, a blonde, a middle-aged handsome bartender, and a mailman.]] --> | ||
* [[John Ratzenberger]] as [[Cliff Clavin]]: <br />A know-it-all bar regular and [[postal worker|mail carrier]]. He lives with his mother [[Esther Clavin]] ([[Frances Sternhagen]]) in first the family house and later his own apartment. In the bar, Cliff continuously spouts nonsensical and annoying trivia, making him an object of derision for the bar patrons (especially Carla). Ratzenberger auditioned for the role of a minor character George, but it went to Wendt, evolving the role into Norm Peterson.<ref name="wendt113-114">Wendt 2009, pp. 113–114.</ref> The producers decided they wanted a resident bar know-it-all,<ref name="wendt113-114" /> so the US Postal Worker Cliff Clavin was added for the pilot, as a recurring character for the first season before becoming a main character starting with the second. Originally written as a security guard, the producers changed his occupation into a mail carrier as they thought such a man would have a wider array of knowledge.<ref>{{cite news |author=Buck, Jerry |date=June 28, 1985 |title=''Cheers'' mailman describes 10 years in Britain |at=TV Times |newspaper=[[The Leader-Post]] |location=Canada |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=BH9WAAAAIBAJ&dq=cheers%20cliff%20norm%20john%20wendt%20auditioned&pg=3002%2C3299013 |access-date=May 5, 2012 |archive-date=December 23, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211223004645/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=BH9WAAAAIBAJ&dq=cheers%20cliff%20norm%20john%20wendt%20auditioned&pg=3002,3299013 |url-status=live }}</ref> | * [[John Ratzenberger]] as [[Cliff Clavin]]: <br />A know-it-all bar regular and [[postal worker|mail carrier]]. He lives with his mother [[Esther Clavin]] ([[Frances Sternhagen]]) in first the family house and later his own apartment. In the bar, Cliff continuously spouts nonsensical and annoying trivia, making him an object of derision for the bar patrons (especially Carla). Ratzenberger auditioned for the role of a minor character George, but it went to Wendt, evolving the role into Norm Peterson.<ref name="wendt113-114">Wendt 2009, pp. 113–114.</ref> The producers decided they wanted a resident bar know-it-all,<ref name="wendt113-114" /> so the US Postal Worker Cliff Clavin was added for the pilot, as a recurring character for the first season before becoming a main character starting with the second. Originally written as a security guard, the producers changed his occupation into a mail carrier as they thought such a man would have a wider array of knowledge.<ref>{{cite news |author=Buck, Jerry |date=June 28, 1985 |title=''Cheers'' mailman describes 10 years in Britain |at=TV Times |newspaper=[[The Leader-Post]] |location=Canada |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=BH9WAAAAIBAJ&dq=cheers%20cliff%20norm%20john%20wendt%20auditioned&pg=3002%2C3299013 |access-date=May 5, 2012 |archive-date=December 23, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211223004645/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=BH9WAAAAIBAJ&dq=cheers%20cliff%20norm%20john%20wendt%20auditioned&pg=3002,3299013 |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
* [[Kelsey Grammer]] as [[Frasier Crane]]: <br />A psychiatrist and bar regular, a recurring character for seasons 3 and 4 who joins the main cast by season 5. Frasier started out as Diane Chambers' love interest in the third season (1984–85). In the fourth season (1985–86), after Diane jilts him at the altar in Europe, Frasier starts to frequent Cheers and becomes a regular. He later marries [[Lilith Sternin]] and has a son, Frederick. After the series ends, the character becomes the focus of the spin-off ''[[Frasier]]'', in which he is divorced from Lilith and living in [[Seattle]]. | * [[Kelsey Grammer]] as [[Frasier Crane]]: <br />A psychiatrist and bar regular, a recurring character for seasons 3 and 4 who joins the main cast by season 5. Frasier started out as Diane Chambers' love interest in the third season (1984–85). In the fourth season (1985–86), after Diane jilts him at the altar in Europe, Frasier starts to frequent Cheers and becomes a regular. He later marries [[Lilith Sternin]] and has a son, Frederick. After the series ends, the character becomes the focus of the spin-off ''[[Frasier]]'', in which he is divorced from Lilith and living in [[Seattle]]. | ||
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The third-season episodes of ''Cheers'' were filmed out of order, partly to accommodate Shelley Long's pregnancy. As a result, filming of the season finale - which had scenes with Colasanto in it - had already been completed at the time of his death. As the remaining episodes were filmed, Coach's absence was explained by having one of the characters mention that Coach was out of town for various reasons. | The third-season episodes of ''Cheers'' were filmed out of order, partly to accommodate Shelley Long's pregnancy. As a result, filming of the season finale - which had scenes with Colasanto in it - had already been completed at the time of his death. As the remaining episodes were filmed, Coach's absence was explained by having one of the characters mention that Coach was out of town for various reasons. | ||
The ''Cheers'' writing staff assembled in June 1985 to discuss how to deal with the absence of Coach. They quickly discarded the idea that he had moved away, as they felt that he would never abandon his friends. In addition, most viewers were aware of Colasanto's death, so the writing staff decided to handle the situation more openly. The season four opener, "Birth, Death, Love and Rice", dealt with Coach's death and introduced [[Woody Harrelson]], Colasanto's replacement.<ref name=showmust>{{cite book|title=The Show Must Go On: How the Deaths of Lead Actors Have Affected Television Series|author=Snauffer, Douglas|year=2008|isbn=978-0-7864-3295-0|publisher=McFarland|location=Jefferson, North Carolina}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.movpod.in/gp3w6smdjos9 |title=Birth, Death, Love and Rice|publisher=Movpod.in |access-date=September 13, 2012 | The ''Cheers'' writing staff assembled in June 1985 to discuss how to deal with the absence of Coach. They quickly discarded the idea that he had moved away, as they felt that he would never abandon his friends. In addition, most viewers were aware of Colasanto's death, so the writing staff decided to handle the situation more openly. The season four opener, "Birth, Death, Love and Rice", dealt with Coach's death and introduced [[Woody Harrelson]], Colasanto's replacement.<ref name=showmust>{{cite book|title=The Show Must Go On: How the Deaths of Lead Actors Have Affected Television Series|author=Snauffer, Douglas|year=2008|isbn=978-0-7864-3295-0|publisher=McFarland|location=Jefferson, North Carolina}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.movpod.in/gp3w6smdjos9 |title=Birth, Death, Love and Rice |publisher=Movpod.in |access-date=September 13, 2012 |archive-date=November 5, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231105155637/http://www.movpod.in/gp3w6smdjos9 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | ||
==Episodes== | ==Episodes== | ||
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===Filming styles and locations=== | ===Filming styles and locations=== | ||
[[File:Cheers Beacon Hill interior 2.jpg|thumb|Interior of the | [[File:Cheers Beacon Hill interior 2.jpg|thumb|Interior of Cheers Beacon Hill (formerly the Bull & Finch Pub)]] | ||
{{Quote box|width=25em|align=right|quote="On ''Cheers'', we never did everything twice. On ''Cheers'', we went through the scene and I only reshot jokes that didn't work or I went back and picked up shots I missed."|source=[[James Burrows]]<ref name=Multicamera>{{cite book|last=Jacobson|first=Mitch|title=Mastering multicamera techniques : from preproduction to editing and deliverables|year=2010|publisher=Focal Press/Elsevier|location=Amsterdam|isbn=978-0-240-81176-5|edition=1st}}</ref>}} | {{Quote box|width=25em|align=right|quote="On ''Cheers'', we never did everything twice. On ''Cheers'', we went through the scene and I only reshot jokes that didn't work or I went back and picked up shots I missed."|source=[[James Burrows]]<ref name=Multicamera>{{cite book|last=Jacobson|first=Mitch|title=Mastering multicamera techniques : from preproduction to editing and deliverables|year=2010|publisher=Focal Press/Elsevier|location=Amsterdam|isbn=978-0-240-81176-5|edition=1st}}</ref>}} | ||
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Due to a decision by Glen and Les Charles, the [[cold open]] was often not connected to the rest of the episode, with the lowest-ranked writers assigned to create the jokes for them. Some cold opens were taken from episodes that ran too long.<ref name=levine20110128>{{cite news|last=Levine|first=Ken|title=My favorite CHEERS teaser|url=http://kenlevine.blogspot.com/2011/01/my-favorite-cheers-teaser.html|access-date=January 28, 2011|newspaper=...by Ken Levine|date=January 28, 2011|archive-date=January 29, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110129085001/http://kenlevine.blogspot.com/2011/01/my-favorite-cheers-teaser.html|url-status=live}}</ref> | Due to a decision by Glen and Les Charles, the [[cold open]] was often not connected to the rest of the episode, with the lowest-ranked writers assigned to create the jokes for them. Some cold opens were taken from episodes that ran too long.<ref name=levine20110128>{{cite news|last=Levine|first=Ken|title=My favorite CHEERS teaser|url=http://kenlevine.blogspot.com/2011/01/my-favorite-cheers-teaser.html|access-date=January 28, 2011|newspaper=...by Ken Levine|date=January 28, 2011|archive-date=January 29, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110129085001/http://kenlevine.blogspot.com/2011/01/my-favorite-cheers-teaser.html|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
The first year of the show took place entirely within the confines of the bar, the first location outside the bar being Diane's apartment in the second year. When the series became a hit, the characters started venturing further afield, first to other sets and eventually to an occasional exterior location | The first year of the show took place entirely within the confines of the bar, the first location outside the bar being Diane's apartment in the second year. When the series became a hit, the characters started venturing further afield, first to other sets and eventually to an occasional exterior location. | ||
====Exterior location and real bars==== | |||
The exterior location shots of the bar are of a Boston pub known at the time as the [[Cheers Beacon Hill|Bull & Finch Pub]]. The pub, whose interior differs from the set of the TV series, but has a similar style, has become a [[tourist attraction]] because of its association with the series, and draws nearly one million visitors annually.<ref name=B3/><ref name="synd1"/> It was subsequently renamed Cheers Beacon Hill. In August 2001, a separate bar was opened in the [[Faneuil Hall]] Marketplace to capitalize on the popularity of the show. The Cheers Faneuil Hall location was designed to include a replica of the bar from the show, as well as to act as a museum with artifacts from the show. The Faneuil Hall location closed in 2020 due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]]. | |||
====Set pieces after the show==== | |||
After the show ended, the 1,000-square-foot bar set from ''Cheers'' was offered to the [[Smithsonian]], which turned it down because it was too large.<ref name="THR">{{cite news| url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/cheers-bar-finally-finds-a-723417| title='Cheers' Bar Finally Finds a Museum Home| author=Bryn Elise Sandberg| publisher=The Hollywood Reporter| date=August 7, 2014| access-date=June 6, 2020| archive-date=February 12, 2021| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210212094919/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/cheers-bar-finally-finds-a-723417| url-status=live}}</ref> It was displayed for a short time at the defunct Hollywood Entertainment Museum, but later returned to storage, where it remained for many years. In 2014, CBS donated the set to the Museum of Television after a years-long campaign by James Burrows and his office on behalf of the museum's founder, James Comisar. At the time of the donation, Comisar initiated a planned $100,000 restoration of the set using former conservators from the [[Los Angeles County Museum of Art]], although a site for the 10,000 item collection of the museum had not been decided upon.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/abrambrown/2015/07/01/from-supermans-suit-to-the-cheers-bar-inside-the-worlds-greatest-collection-of-tv-memoribilia/#155ba4c21d35| title=From Superman's Suit to The 'Cheers' Bar, Inside the World's Greatest Collection of TV Memorabilia| author=Abram Brown| work=Forbes| date=July 1, 2015| access-date=June 6, 2020| archive-date=July 3, 2021| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210703011515/https://www.forbes.com/sites/abrambrown/2015/07/01/from-supermans-suit-to-the-cheers-bar-inside-the-worlds-greatest-collection-of-tv-memoribilia/#155ba4c21d35| url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="THR"/> | After the show ended, the 1,000-square-foot bar set from ''Cheers'' was offered to the [[Smithsonian]], which turned it down because it was too large.<ref name="THR">{{cite news| url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/cheers-bar-finally-finds-a-723417| title='Cheers' Bar Finally Finds a Museum Home| author=Bryn Elise Sandberg| publisher=The Hollywood Reporter| date=August 7, 2014| access-date=June 6, 2020| archive-date=February 12, 2021| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210212094919/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/cheers-bar-finally-finds-a-723417| url-status=live}}</ref> It was displayed for a short time at the defunct Hollywood Entertainment Museum, but later returned to storage, where it remained for many years. In 2014, CBS donated the set to the Museum of Television after a years-long campaign by James Burrows and his office on behalf of the museum's founder, James Comisar. At the time of the donation, Comisar initiated a planned $100,000 restoration of the set using former conservators from the [[Los Angeles County Museum of Art]], although a site for the 10,000 item collection of the museum had not been decided upon.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/abrambrown/2015/07/01/from-supermans-suit-to-the-cheers-bar-inside-the-worlds-greatest-collection-of-tv-memoribilia/#155ba4c21d35| title=From Superman's Suit to The 'Cheers' Bar, Inside the World's Greatest Collection of TV Memorabilia| author=Abram Brown| work=Forbes| date=July 1, 2015| access-date=June 6, 2020| archive-date=July 3, 2021| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210703011515/https://www.forbes.com/sites/abrambrown/2015/07/01/from-supermans-suit-to-the-cheers-bar-inside-the-worlds-greatest-collection-of-tv-memoribilia/#155ba4c21d35| url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="THR"/> | ||
The bar itself was sold at auction in 2023 for $675,000. The front door of the bar from the set sold at auction in 2025 for $163,000. | |||
===Theme song=== | ===Theme song=== | ||
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===Syndication=== | ===Syndication=== | ||
''Cheers'' grew in popularity as it aired on American television and entered off-network syndication in 1987, initially distributed by [[Paramount Domestic Television]]. When the show went off the air in 1993, ''Cheers'' was syndicated in 38 countries, with 179 American television markets and 83 | ''Cheers'' grew in popularity as it aired on American television and entered off-network syndication in 1987, initially distributed by [[Paramount Domestic Television]]. When the show went off the air in 1993, ''Cheers'' was syndicated in 38 countries, with 179 American television markets and 83 million viewers.<ref name=B18>Bjorklund, p. 18.</ref> When the quality of some earlier footage of ''Cheers'' began to deteriorate, it underwent a careful restoration in 2001.<ref>{{Cite news|access-date=December 27, 2011|date=October 2001|work=Kodak|url=http://www.kodak.com/country/US/en/motion/newsletters/inCamera/oct2001/cheers.shtml|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120905211554/http://www.kodak.com/country/US/en/motion/newsletters/inCamera/oct2001/cheers.shtml|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 5, 2012|title=Cheers restored for a new generation of laughs}}</ref> The series aired on [[Nick at Nite]] from 2001 to 2004 and on [[TV Land]] from 2004 to 2008,<ref name="synd1">International Real Estate Digest (August 20, 2001) (2006). [https://www.ired.com/news/2001/0108/cheers.htm Boston Gets a Hollywood ''Cheers'' Pub] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060113032715/http://www.ired.com/news/2001/0108/cheers.htm |date=January 13, 2006 }}</ref> with Nick at Nite airing week-long ''Cheers'' "Everybody Knows Your Name" marathons. The show was removed from the lineup in 2004. | ||
The series began airing on [[Hallmark Channel]] in the United States in October 2008, and [[WGN America]] in 2009. In January 2011, [[Reelz]] Channel began airing the series in hour-long blocks. [[MeTV]] began airing ''Cheers'' weeknights in 2010 until 2018. [[USA Network]] has aired the series on Sunday early mornings and weekday mornings to allow it to show extended-length films of {{frac|2|1|2}} hours and maintain symmetric schedules. As of October 5, 2020, it airs every weeknight at | The series began airing on [[Hallmark Channel]] in the United States in October 2008, and [[WGN America]] in 2009. In January 2011, [[Reelz]] Channel began airing the series in hour-long blocks. [[MeTV]] began airing ''Cheers'' weeknights in 2010 until 2018. [[USA Network]] has aired the series on Sunday early mornings and weekday mornings to allow it to show extended-length films of {{frac|2|1|2}} hours and maintain symmetric schedules. As of October 5, 2020, it airs every weeknight at 11:00 p.m. and 11:30 p.m. ET on Decades (now [[Catchy Comedy]]).<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.catchycomedy.com/shows/cheers | title=Watch Cheers on Catchy Comedy }}</ref> In addition to that, it also has occasionally appeared on their weekend binges, with its most recent one on April 6, 2025. | ||
In 2011, ''Cheers'' was made available on the [[Netflix]] and [[Amazon Prime Video]] streaming services.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2011/07/cbs-licenses-2000-tv-episodes-to-amazon-streaming-service-148396/|title=CBS Licenses 2,000 TV Episodes To Amazon Streaming Service|author=David Lieberman|work=Deadline|date=July 20, 2011|access-date=February 18, 2020|archive-date=March 8, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308001223/https://deadline.com/2011/07/cbs-licenses-2000-tv-episodes-to-amazon-streaming-service-148396/|url-status=live}}</ref> | In 2011, ''Cheers'' was made available on the [[Netflix]] and [[Amazon Prime Video]] streaming services.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2011/07/cbs-licenses-2000-tv-episodes-to-amazon-streaming-service-148396/|title=CBS Licenses 2,000 TV Episodes To Amazon Streaming Service|author=David Lieberman|work=Deadline|date=July 20, 2011|access-date=February 18, 2020|archive-date=March 8, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308001223/https://deadline.com/2011/07/cbs-licenses-2000-tv-episodes-to-amazon-streaming-service-148396/|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
''Cheers'' began airing on [[10 Peach|Eleven]] (a digital channel of | In Canada, ''Cheers'' was first aired on the [[CTV Television Network]]. Reruns of the show continued on CTV right after its original run. The show later reran on [[DTour|Prime]] and [[Omni Television]]. In [[Australia]], ''Cheers'' was first aired on [[Network Ten]]. Reruns of the show began airing on [[10 Peach|Eleven]] (a digital channel of Network Ten) on January 11, 2011. [[NCRV]] in the [[Netherlands]] aired all 275 episodes in sequence, once per night, repeating the series a total of three times. In [[Italy]], its original run aired on both [[Italia 1]] and [[Canale 5]] as ''[[:it:Cin cin (serie televisiva)|Cin Cin]]'' from 1985 until 1995, with [[La7]] airing reruns afterward. In [[Germany]], [[ZDF]] began airing the show on January 15, 1985 as ''Prost Helmut''. Unlike most countries despite having moderate success, Germany's original run didn't last long and ZDF pulled the program after just 13 episodes. It wasn't until 10 years later in 1995 when [[RTL (German TV channel)|RTL]] began running all 275 episodes with German dubbing by [[Munich]]-based Plaza Synchron. In [[Sweden]], the show first aired on [[SVT2|TV2]] on June 12, 1984, with [[TV12 (Sweden)|TV12]], [[TV4 (Swedish TV channel)|TV4]] Komedi, and TV4 Gold carrying reruns after its original run. [[RTP1]] began airing the series in [[Portugal]] on May 11, 1985, with [[SIC TV]] carrying reruns after its original run. In [[Denmark]], the show first aired on [[DR1]] as ''Sam's Bar'', with [[Kanal 5 (Danish TV channel)|TVDanmark1]] and [[6'eren]] carrying reruns afterward. Other countries that aired reruns of the show include [[France]] and [[Japan]]. | ||
In Italy, | |||
''Cheers'' was first screened in the | ''Cheers'' was first screened in the United Kingdom on [[Channel 4]] and was one of the then-fledgling network's first imports. As of 2012, ''Cheers'' has been repeated on British satellite channel [[CBS Drama]]. It has also been shown on the British free-to-air channel [[ITV4]], with two episodes every weeknight. On March 16, 2015, the series began airing on British subscription channel [[Gold (British TV channel)|Gold]] on weekdays at 9:30 a.m. and 10:00 a.m. ''Cheers'' aired again daily in 2019 on [[Channel 4]], but later moved to weekends only.{{Citation needed|date=July 2021}} | ||
====High definition==== | ====High definition==== | ||
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In [[Australia]], ''Cheers'' is remembered for its role in [[Australia's Naughtiest Home Videos#Cancellation|the infamous cancellation]] of the 1992 [[Nine Network]] special ''[[Australia's Naughtiest Home Videos]]''. Due to the then-owner of Nine Network [[Kerry Packer]]'s objections to its content, ''Australia's Naughtiest Home Videos'' was pulled off the air during its first and only broadcast; viewers saw the network abruptly begin airing a rerun of ''Cheers'' midway through the special, either after a scheduled commercial break or a Nine Network [[Bumper (broadcasting)|bumper]] claiming a technical problem. Nine Network's affiliate in [[Perth, Western Australia|Perth]] did not air the special at all and filled its timeslot with two episodes of ''Cheers''. When the program was re-aired in its entirety in 2008, it abruptly cut away to the opening of ''Cheers'' midway through in a reenactment of the incident before resuming the second half that was not broadcast.{{citation needed|date=February 2024}} | In [[Australia]], ''Cheers'' is remembered for its role in [[Australia's Naughtiest Home Videos#Cancellation|the infamous cancellation]] of the 1992 [[Nine Network]] special ''[[Australia's Naughtiest Home Videos]]''. Due to the then-owner of Nine Network [[Kerry Packer]]'s objections to its content, ''Australia's Naughtiest Home Videos'' was pulled off the air during its first and only broadcast; viewers saw the network abruptly begin airing a rerun of ''Cheers'' midway through the special, either after a scheduled commercial break or a Nine Network [[Bumper (broadcasting)|bumper]] claiming a technical problem. Nine Network's affiliate in [[Perth, Western Australia|Perth]] did not air the special at all and filled its timeslot with two episodes of ''Cheers''. When the program was re-aired in its entirety in 2008, it abruptly cut away to the opening of ''Cheers'' midway through in a reenactment of the incident before resuming the second half that was not broadcast.{{citation needed|date=February 2024}} | ||
In the Cheers episode "Woody For Hire, Norman Meets the Apes", Woody shows and tells everyone how he was an extra on Boston-based drama ''[[Spenser: For Hire]]''. In the season 4 episode of ''[[Seinfeld]]'' titled "[[The Pitch (Seinfeld)|The Pitch]]", Jerry and George are presenting their idea for a sitcom to NBC executives. George is unhappy with their offer and feels that he deserves the same salary as Ted Danson which he claims was $800,000 per episode, being that ''Cheers'' is also an NBC show. Danson's reported salary was actually $250,000 per episode. At this point Cheers was in its 10th season and Ted Danson had won an Emmy and a Golden Globe the year before.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2008-07-07 |title=Danson, Duchovny share thoughts on TV business |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-emmys-actors-idUSN0739842020080707 |access-date=2022-08-12 |archive-date=August 12, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220812094311/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-emmys-actors-idUSN0739842020080707 |url-status=live }}</ref> In another Seinfeld episode, [[The Trip (Seinfeld)|The Trip]], George runs into George Wendt (portraying himself) while backstage on the set of [[The Tonight Show]] and annoys him by suggesting that the series change its setting from a bar to a rec room or community center.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pRaz4nBYS9U&t=154s&ab_channel=Seinfeld | title=George's Ideas Get Torn Apart on Television | the Trip | Seinfeld | website=[[YouTube]] | date=December 26, 2022 }}</ref> | In the ''Cheers'' episode "Woody For Hire, Norman Meets the Apes", Woody shows and tells everyone how he was an extra on Boston-based drama ''[[Spenser: For Hire]]''. In the season 4 episode of ''[[Seinfeld]]'' titled "[[The Pitch (Seinfeld)|The Pitch]]", Jerry and George are presenting their idea for a sitcom to NBC executives. George is unhappy with their offer and feels that he deserves the same salary as Ted Danson which he claims was $800,000 per episode, being that ''Cheers'' is also an NBC show. Danson's reported salary was actually $250,000 per episode. At this point ''Cheers'' was in its 10th season and Ted Danson had won an Emmy and a Golden Globe the year before.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2008-07-07 |title=Danson, Duchovny share thoughts on TV business |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-emmys-actors-idUSN0739842020080707 |access-date=2022-08-12 |archive-date=August 12, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220812094311/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-emmys-actors-idUSN0739842020080707 |url-status=live }}</ref> In another ''Seinfeld'' episode, "[[The Trip (Seinfeld)|The Trip]]", George runs into George Wendt (portraying himself) while backstage on the set of ''[[The Tonight Show]]'' and annoys him by suggesting that the series change its setting from a bar to a rec room or community center.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pRaz4nBYS9U&t=154s&ab_channel=Seinfeld | title=George's Ideas Get Torn Apart on Television | the Trip | Seinfeld | website=[[YouTube]] | date=December 26, 2022 }}</ref> | ||
In the seventh episode of the second season of ''[[How I Met Your Mother]]'', a coffee shop barista mistakenly hears Barney's name as "Swarley" and writes it on his cup. This leads to a running gag in which everyone mercilessly refers to Barney as "Swarley" despite his protests, which culminates in everyone in McClaren's bar shouting "Swarley" when he enters and playing the Cheers theme song. The credits are then shown in the "Cheers" style.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Tom |date=2014-03-24 |title=How I Met Your Mother: 10 best episodes |url=http://www.digitalspy.com/tv/ustv/a559862/how-i-met-your-mother-the-10-best-episodes-from-cbs-comedy/ |access-date=2022-04-01 |website=Digital Spy |language=en-GB |archive-date=April 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220401180439/https://www.digitalspy.com/tv/ustv/a559862/how-i-met-your-mother-the-10-best-episodes-from-cbs-comedy/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In the season seven episode, In Tailgate, Ted and Barney are outraged with the price to get into MacLaren's on New Year's Eve, so they offer for everyone to come upstairs. In the apartment, there is a puzzles sign that is designed to parody Cheers. Ted and Barney employ Kevin as their bartender, and they invent a theme song which also parodies the Cheers theme song.<ref>{{Cite web |title=How I Met Your Mother: "Tailgate" |url=https://www.avclub.com/how-i-met-your-mother-tailgate-1798170968 |access-date=2022-04-01 |website=The A.V. Club |date=January 3, 2012 |language=en-us |archive-date=April 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220401180435/https://www.avclub.com/how-i-met-your-mother-tailgate-1798170968 |url-status=live }}</ref> | In the seventh episode of the second season of ''[[How I Met Your Mother]]'', a coffee shop barista mistakenly hears Barney's name as "Swarley" and writes it on his cup. This leads to a running gag in which everyone mercilessly refers to Barney as "Swarley" despite his protests, which culminates in everyone in McClaren's bar shouting "Swarley" when he enters and playing the Cheers theme song. The credits are then shown in the "Cheers" style.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Tom |date=2014-03-24 |title=How I Met Your Mother: 10 best episodes |url=http://www.digitalspy.com/tv/ustv/a559862/how-i-met-your-mother-the-10-best-episodes-from-cbs-comedy/ |access-date=2022-04-01 |website=Digital Spy |language=en-GB |archive-date=April 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220401180439/https://www.digitalspy.com/tv/ustv/a559862/how-i-met-your-mother-the-10-best-episodes-from-cbs-comedy/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In the season seven episode, In Tailgate, Ted and Barney are outraged with the price to get into MacLaren's on New Year's Eve, so they offer for everyone to come upstairs. In the apartment, there is a puzzles sign that is designed to parody Cheers. Ted and Barney employ Kevin as their bartender, and they invent a theme song which also parodies the ''Cheers'' theme song.<ref>{{Cite web |title=How I Met Your Mother: "Tailgate" |url=https://www.avclub.com/how-i-met-your-mother-tailgate-1798170968 |access-date=2022-04-01 |website=The A.V. Club |date=January 3, 2012 |language=en-us |archive-date=April 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220401180435/https://www.avclub.com/how-i-met-your-mother-tailgate-1798170968 |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
In the 2015 video game ''[[Fallout 4]]'', which is set in Boston, there is a bar named Prost Bar near Boston Common that, when entered, is an almost exact replica of the bar featured on the series. It includes two dead bodies sitting at the end of the bar, with one of them wearing a mail carrier's uniform, a direct reference to regular barfly [[Cliff Clavin]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://kotaku.com/theres-a-pretty-great-cheers-easter-egg-in-fallout-4-1741952100| title = There's a Pretty Great Cheers Easter Egg in Fallout 4| date = November 11, 2015| access-date = May 22, 2017| archive-date = November 26, 2020| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20201126155805/https://kotaku.com/theres-a-pretty-great-cheers-easter-egg-in-fallout-4-1741952100| url-status = live}}</ref> | In the 2015 video game ''[[Fallout 4]]'', which is set in Boston, there is a bar named Prost Bar near Boston Common that, when entered, is an almost exact replica of the bar featured on the series. It includes two dead bodies sitting at the end of the bar, with one of them wearing a mail carrier's uniform, a direct reference to regular barfly [[Cliff Clavin]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://kotaku.com/theres-a-pretty-great-cheers-easter-egg-in-fallout-4-1741952100| title = There's a Pretty Great Cheers Easter Egg in Fallout 4| date = November 11, 2015| access-date = May 22, 2017| archive-date = November 26, 2020| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20201126155805/https://kotaku.com/theres-a-pretty-great-cheers-easter-egg-in-fallout-4-1741952100| url-status = live}}</ref> | ||
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==''Cheers: Live on Stage''== | ==''Cheers: Live on Stage''== | ||
On September 9, 2016, a stage adaptation called ''Cheers: Live on Stage'' opened at the [[Shubert Theatre (Boston)|Shubert Theatre]] in Boston. Comprising pieces of the original TV series, the play was adapted by Erik Forrest Jackson. It was produced by Troika/Stageworks. The director was Matt Lenz. It starred Grayson Powell as Sam Malone, Jillian Louis as Diane Chambers, [[Barry Pearl]] as Ernie "Coach" Pantusso, Sarah Sirotta as Carla Tortelli, [[Paul C. Vogt]] as Norm Peterson, and Buzz Roddy as Cliff Clavin. The production was scheduled to tour through 2017, but was | On September 9, 2016, a stage adaptation called ''Cheers: Live on Stage'' opened at the [[Shubert Theatre (Boston)|Shubert Theatre]] in Boston. Comprising pieces of the original TV series, the play was adapted by Erik Forrest Jackson. It was produced by Troika/Stageworks. The director was Matt Lenz. It starred Grayson Powell as Sam Malone, Jillian Louis as Diane Chambers, [[Barry Pearl]] as Ernie "Coach" Pantusso, Sarah Sirotta as Carla Tortelli, [[Paul C. Vogt]] as Norm Peterson, and Buzz Roddy as Cliff Clavin. The production was scheduled to tour through 2017, but was canceled in 2016.<ref name=liveonstage>{{Cite web |url=http://cheersliveonstage.com/ |title=''Cheers Live On Stage'' |access-date=September 18, 2016 |archive-date=September 18, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160918161014/http://cheersliveonstage.com/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.stltoday.com/entertainment/arts-and-theatre/culture-club/cheers-live-on-stage-tour-is-canceled/article_e67d566f-9680-5d07-b358-d601dbcad5ff.html|title='Cheers Live On Stage' tour is canceled|last=Newmark|first=Judith|website=stltoday.com|language=en|date=October 12, 2016|access-date=August 11, 2019|archive-date=November 13, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201113082104/https://www.stltoday.com/entertainment/arts-and-theatre/culture-club/cheers-live-on-stage-tour-is-canceled/article_e67d566f-9680-5d07-b358-d601dbcad5ff.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=liveChicagoTribune/> | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
<references> | |||
<ref name=scott1982>Scott, Vernon. "[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=HJFSAAAAIBAJ&sjid=wNAMAAAAIBAJ&pg=6811%2C1282379 Series Producers Working Now to Get 'Cheers'] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210309013911/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=HJFSAAAAIBAJ&sjid=wNAMAAAAIBAJ&pg=6811%2C1282379 |date=March 9, 2021 }}." Telegraph Herald [Dubuque, IA] July 11, 1982: 20. Google News. Web. June 2, 2012.</ref> | <ref name=scott1982>Scott, Vernon. "[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=HJFSAAAAIBAJ&sjid=wNAMAAAAIBAJ&pg=6811%2C1282379 Series Producers Working Now to Get 'Cheers'] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210309013911/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=HJFSAAAAIBAJ&sjid=wNAMAAAAIBAJ&pg=6811%2C1282379 |date=March 9, 2021 }}." Telegraph Herald [Dubuque, IA] July 11, 1982: 20. Google News. Web. June 2, 2012.</ref> | ||
<ref name=colasantodeath>"[https://www.nytimes.com/1985/02/14/arts/nick-colasanto-dead-at-61-played-bartender-in-cheers.html?scp=2&sq=Nicholas%20Colasanto&st=cse Nick Colasanto Dead at 61; Played Bartender in 'Cheers'] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130516075132/http://www.nytimes.com/1985/02/14/arts/nick-colasanto-dead-at-61-played-bartender-in-cheers.html?scp=2&sq=Nicholas%20Colasanto&st=cse |date=May 16, 2013 }}". ''[[The New York Times]]'' February 14, 1985. Web. June 2, 2012.</ref> | <ref name=colasantodeath>"[https://www.nytimes.com/1985/02/14/arts/nick-colasanto-dead-at-61-played-bartender-in-cheers.html?scp=2&sq=Nicholas%20Colasanto&st=cse Nick Colasanto Dead at 61; Played Bartender in 'Cheers'] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130516075132/http://www.nytimes.com/1985/02/14/arts/nick-colasanto-dead-at-61-played-bartender-in-cheers.html?scp=2&sq=Nicholas%20Colasanto&st=cse |date=May 16, 2013 }}". ''[[The New York Times]]'' February 14, 1985. Web. June 2, 2012.</ref> | ||
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<ref name=Kerr_11_29_1983>{{cite news |last=Kerr |first=Peter |title=NBC Comedy 'Cheers' Turns into A Success |newspaper=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1983/11/29/arts/nbc-comedy-cheers-turns-into-a-success.html |date=November 29, 1983 |access-date=October 31, 2012 |archive-date=May 16, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130516075641/http://www.nytimes.com/1983/11/29/arts/nbc-comedy-cheers-turns-into-a-success.html |url-status=live }}</ref> | <ref name=Kerr_11_29_1983>{{cite news |last=Kerr |first=Peter |title=NBC Comedy 'Cheers' Turns into A Success |newspaper=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1983/11/29/arts/nbc-comedy-cheers-turns-into-a-success.html |date=November 29, 1983 |access-date=October 31, 2012 |archive-date=May 16, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130516075641/http://www.nytimes.com/1983/11/29/arts/nbc-comedy-cheers-turns-into-a-success.html |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
<ref name=liveChicagoTribune>{{cite news|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/theater/reviews/ct-cheers-live-review-ent-0923-20160922-column.html|title=Cheers: Live On Stage|work=Chicago Tribune|access-date=April 16, 2020|archive-date=April 17, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190417192845/https://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/theater/reviews/ct-cheers-live-review-ent-0923-20160922-column.html|url-status=live}}</ref> | <ref name=liveChicagoTribune>{{cite news|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/theater/reviews/ct-cheers-live-review-ent-0923-20160922-column.html|title=Cheers: Live On Stage|work=Chicago Tribune|access-date=April 16, 2020|archive-date=April 17, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190417192845/https://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/theater/reviews/ct-cheers-live-review-ent-0923-20160922-column.html|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
</references> | |||
==Bibliography== | ==Bibliography== | ||
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[[Category:Culture of Boston]] | [[Category:Culture of Boston]] | ||
[[Category:Cultural history of Boston]] | [[Category:Cultural history of Boston]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:English-language American television shows]] | ||
[[Category:Fictional drinking establishments]] | [[Category:Fictional drinking establishments]] | ||
[[Category:Nielsen ratings winners]] | [[Category:Nielsen ratings winners]] | ||