Standard works: Difference between revisions
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The ''Standard Works'' are printed and distributed by the LDS Church both in a single binding called a ''quadruple combination'' and as a set of two books, with [[LDS edition of the Bible|the Bible in one binding]], and the other three books in a second binding called a ''triple combination''. Current editions of the ''Standard Works'' include a number of non-canonical study aids, including a [[Bible Dictionary (LDS Church)|Bible dictionary]], photographs, maps and [[gazetteer]], topical guide, index, footnotes, cross references, and excerpts from the [[Joseph Smith Translation of the Bible]]. | The ''Standard Works'' are printed and distributed by the LDS Church both in a single binding called a ''quadruple combination'' and as a set of two books, with [[LDS edition of the Bible|the Bible in one binding]], and the other three books in a second binding called a ''triple combination''. Current editions of the ''Standard Works'' include a number of non-canonical study aids, including a [[Bible Dictionary (LDS Church)|Bible dictionary]], photographs, maps and [[gazetteer]], topical guide, index, footnotes, cross references, and excerpts from the [[Joseph Smith Translation of the Bible]]. | ||
The scriptural canon is "open" due to the Latter-day Saint belief in [[continuous revelation]]. Additions can be made to the scriptural canon with the [[Common consent (Mormonism)|"common consent" of the church's membership]].<ref>The only one authorized to bring forth new doctrine is the [[President of the Church (LDS Church)|President of the Church]], who, when he does, will declare it as revelation from God, and it will be accepted the church's [[First Presidency (LDS Church)|First Presidency]] and [[Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (LDS Church)|Quorum of the Twelve Apostles]], and then sustained by the body of the church. (Harold B. Lee, The First Area General Conference for Germany, Austria, Holland, Italy, Switzerland, France, Belgium, and Spain of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, held in Munich Germany, August 24–26, 1973, with Reports and Discourses, 69. {{ | The scriptural canon is "open" due to the Latter-day Saint belief in [[continuous revelation]]. Additions can be made to the scriptural canon with the [[Common consent (Mormonism)|"common consent" of the church's membership]].<ref>The only one authorized to bring forth new doctrine is the [[President of the Church (LDS Church)|President of the Church]], who, when he does, will declare it as revelation from God, and it will be accepted the church's [[First Presidency (LDS Church)|First Presidency]] and [[Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (LDS Church)|Quorum of the Twelve Apostles]], and then sustained by the body of the church. (Harold B. Lee, The First Area General Conference for Germany, Austria, Holland, Italy, Switzerland, France, Belgium, and Spain of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, held in Munich Germany, August 24–26, 1973, with Reports and Discourses, 69. {{OCLC|59671066}}.)</ref> [[List of denominations in the Latter Day Saint movement|Other branches of the Latter Day Saint movement]] reject some of the ''Standard Works'' or add other scriptures, such as the [[Book of the Law of the Lord]] and [[The Word of the Lord Brought to Mankind by an Angel]]. | ||
==Differences in canonicity across sects== | ==Differences in canonicity across sects== | ||
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==Process of addition or alteration== | ==Process of addition or alteration== | ||
The D&C teaches that "all things must be done in order, and by [[Common consent (Latter Day Saints)|common consent]] in the church".<ref>{{Mormonverse|D&C|28:13}}</ref> This applies to adding new scripture. LDS Church [[President of the Church (LDS Church)|president]] [[Harold B. Lee]] taught "The only one authorized to bring forth any new doctrine is the President of the Church, who, when he does, will declare it as revelation from God, and it will be so accepted by the Council of the Twelve and sustained by the body of the Church."<ref>Harold B. Lee, The First Area General Conference for Germany, Austria, Holland, Italy, Switzerland, France, Belgium, and Spain of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, held in Munich Germany, August 24–26, 1973, with Reports and Discourses, 69. {{ | The D&C teaches that "all things must be done in order, and by [[Common consent (Latter Day Saints)|common consent]] in the church".<ref>{{Mormonverse|D&C|28:13}}</ref> This applies to adding new scripture. LDS Church [[President of the Church (LDS Church)|president]] [[Harold B. Lee]] taught "The only one authorized to bring forth any new doctrine is the President of the Church, who, when he does, will declare it as revelation from God, and it will be so accepted by the Council of the Twelve and sustained by the body of the Church."<ref>Harold B. Lee, The First Area General Conference for Germany, Austria, Holland, Italy, Switzerland, France, Belgium, and Spain of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, held in Munich Germany, August 24–26, 1973, with Reports and Discourses, 69. {{OCLC|59671066}}.</ref> There are several instances of this happening in the LDS Church: | ||
*June 9, 1830: First conference of the church, The Articles and Covenants of the Church of Christ, now known as D&C 20. If the Bible and Book of Mormon were not sustained on April 6 then they were by default when the Articles and Covenants were sustained. (see D&C 20:8-11)<ref>http://www.josephsmithpapers.org/paper-summary/articles-and-covenants-circa-april-1830-dc-20/1#historical-intro "The minutes of that meeting recorded, “Articles and Covenants read by Joseph Smith jr. and received by unanimous voice of the whole congregation, which consisted of most of the male members of the Church.” http://www.josephsmithpapers.org/paper-summary/minutes-9-june-1830/1</ref> | *June 9, 1830: First conference of the church, The Articles and Covenants of the Church of Christ, now known as D&C 20. If the Bible and Book of Mormon were not sustained on April 6 then they were by default when the Articles and Covenants were sustained. (see D&C 20:8-11)<ref>http://www.josephsmithpapers.org/paper-summary/articles-and-covenants-circa-april-1830-dc-20/1#historical-intro "The minutes of that meeting recorded, “Articles and Covenants read by Joseph Smith jr. and received by unanimous voice of the whole congregation, which consisted of most of the male members of the Church.” http://www.josephsmithpapers.org/paper-summary/minutes-9-june-1830/1</ref> | ||
*August 17, 1835: Select revelations from Joseph Smith were unanimously accepted as scripture.<ref>Joseph Smith, B. H. Roberts (ed.) (1902). ''[[History of the Church (Joseph Smith)|History of the Church]]'', '''2''':243–246.</ref> These were later printed in the D&C. | *August 17, 1835: Select revelations from Joseph Smith were unanimously accepted as scripture.<ref>Joseph Smith, B. H. Roberts (ed.) (1902). ''[[History of the Church (Joseph Smith)|History of the Church]]'', '''2''':243–246.</ref> These were later printed in the D&C. | ||
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[[English language|English-speaking]] Latter-day Saints typically study a [[LDS edition of the Bible|custom edition]] of the KJV, which includes custom chapter headings, footnotes referencing books in the Standard Works, and select passages from the Joseph Smith Translation of the Bible.<ref>{{citation |contribution-url= http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/cdm/ref/collection/EoM/id/5508 |contribution= Bible: LDS Publication of the Bible |first= William James |last= Mortimer |author-link= William James Mortimer |title= Encyclopedia of Mormonism |pages= 110–111 |title-link= Encyclopedia of Mormonism }}</ref> | [[English language|English-speaking]] Latter-day Saints typically study a [[LDS edition of the Bible|custom edition]] of the KJV, which includes custom chapter headings, footnotes referencing books in the Standard Works, and select passages from the Joseph Smith Translation of the Bible.<ref>{{citation |contribution-url= http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/cdm/ref/collection/EoM/id/5508 |contribution= Bible: LDS Publication of the Bible |first= William James |last= Mortimer |author-link= William James Mortimer |title= Encyclopedia of Mormonism |pages= 110–111 |title-link= Encyclopedia of Mormonism }}</ref> | ||
Though the KJV was always commonly used, it was officially adopted in the 1950s when [[J. Reuben Clark]], of the church's [[First Presidency (LDS Church)|First Presidency]], argued extensively that newer translations, such as [[Revised Standard Version]] (RSV) of 1952, were of lower quality and less compatible with LDS Church tradition.<ref name=tribKJV>{{cite news |last= Stack |first= Peggy Fletcher |author-link= Peggy Fletcher Stack |title= LDS sticking with King James Version |newspaper= [[The Salt Lake Tribune]] |date= February 18, 2011 |url= http://www.sltrib.com/sltrib/lifestyle/51259225-80/church-bible-lds-james.html.csp?page=1 |access-date= 2010-02-21}}</ref> After publishing its own KJV edition in 1979, the First Presidency announced in 1992 that the KJV was the church's official English Bible, stating: "[w]hile other Bible versions may be easier to read than the King James Version, in doctrinal matters latter-day revelation supports the King James Version in preference to other English translations."<ref name = ensignkjv>{{citation |url= https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/ensign/1992/08/news-of-the-church?lang=eng |title= First Presidency Statement on the King James Version of the Bible |series= News of the Church |journal= [[Ensign (LDS magazine)|Ensign]] |date=August 1992 |page= 80 }}</ref> In 2010, this statement was written into the church's ''[[Handbook (LDS Church)|Handbook]]'', which directs official church policy and programs.<ref name=tribKJV/><ref>{{citation |url= https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/manual/handbook-2-administering-the-church/selected-church-policies-and-guidelines/selected-church-policies?lang=eng |contribution= 21.1.7 Bible |title= Selected Church Policies |series= [[Handbook 2: Administering the Church]] |publisher= LDS Church |year= 2010 }}</ref> | Though the KJV was always commonly used, it was officially adopted in the 1950s when [[J. Reuben Clark]], of the church's [[First Presidency (LDS Church)|First Presidency]], argued extensively that newer translations, such as [[Revised Standard Version]] (RSV) of 1952, were of lower quality and less compatible with LDS Church tradition.<ref name=tribKJV>{{cite news |last= Stack |first= Peggy Fletcher |author-link= Peggy Fletcher Stack |title= LDS sticking with King James Version |newspaper= [[The Salt Lake Tribune]] |date= February 18, 2011 |url= http://www.sltrib.com/sltrib/lifestyle/51259225-80/church-bible-lds-james.html.csp?page=1 |access-date= 2010-02-21}}</ref> After publishing its own KJV edition in 1979, the First Presidency announced in 1992 that the KJV was the church's official English Bible, stating: "[w]hile other Bible versions may be easier to read than the King James Version, in doctrinal matters latter-day revelation supports the King James Version in preference to other English translations."<ref name = ensignkjv>{{citation |url= https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/ensign/1992/08/news-of-the-church?lang=eng |title= First Presidency Statement on the King James Version of the Bible |series= News of the Church |journal= [[Ensign (LDS magazine)|Ensign]] |date=August 1992 |page= 80 }}</ref> In 2010, this statement was written into the church's ''[[Handbook (LDS Church)|Handbook]]'', which directs official church policy and programs.<ref name=tribKJV/><ref>{{citation |url= https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/manual/handbook-2-administering-the-church/selected-church-policies-and-guidelines/selected-church-policies?lang=eng |contribution= 21.1.7 Bible |title= Selected Church Policies |series= [[Handbook 2: Administering the Church]] |publisher= LDS Church |year= 2010 }}</ref> In January 2026, this policy was updated to reflect a recognition of the utility of modern translations. "Generally, members use a Church-preferred or Church-published edition of the Bible in Church classes and meetings. This helps maintain clarity in discussions and consistent understanding of doctrine. Other Bible translations may also be used." <ref>https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/manual/translations-and-downloads/scriptures/holy-bible?lang=eng</ref> | ||
A Spanish version, with a similar format and using a slightly revised version of the 1909 [[Reina-Valera]] translation, was published in 2009.<ref>[https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures?lang=spa Santa Biblia: Reina-Valera 2009]" (Holy Bible: Reina-Valera 2009)</ref> Latter-day Saints in other non-English speaking areas may use other versions of the Bible. | A Spanish version, with a similar format and using a slightly revised version of the 1909 [[Reina-Valera]] translation, was published in 2009.<ref>[https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures?lang=spa Santa Biblia: Reina-Valera 2009]" (Holy Bible: Reina-Valera 2009)</ref> Latter-day Saints in other non-English speaking areas may use other versions of the Bible. | ||
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===The Apocrypha=== | ===The Apocrypha=== | ||
Although the [[Apocrypha]] was part of the [[ | Although the [[Apocrypha]] was part of the [[King James Version#Authorized Version|1611 edition of the KJV]], the LDS Church does not currently use the Apocrypha as part of its canon. Joseph Smith taught that while the contemporary edition of the Apocrypha was not to be relied on for doctrine, it was potentially useful when read with a [[Discernment of spirits|spirit of discernment]].<ref>{{Mormonverse|D&C|91}}</ref> | ||
===Joseph Smith Translation of the Bible=== | ===Joseph Smith Translation of the Bible=== | ||
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|The "olive leaf"; "Lord's message of peace"|| {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{Yes}} | |The "olive leaf"; "Lord's message of peace"|| {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{Yes}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|A "[[Word of Wisdom]]"|| {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{Yes}} | |A "[[Word of Wisdom (Latter Day Saints)|Word of Wisdom]]"|| {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{Yes}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[[Priesthood (Latter Day Saints)|Keys]] of the kingdom; [[First Presidency]]|| {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{Yes}} | |[[Priesthood (Latter Day Saints)|Keys]] of the kingdom; [[First Presidency]]|| {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{Yes}} | ||
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==See also== | ==See also== | ||
{{Portal|Latter Day Saint movement}} | {{Portal|Latter Day Saint movement}} | ||
* [[ | * [[Book of Joseph]], untranslated scripture from [[Joseph Smith Papyri]] | ||
* [[Kinderhook plates]], incomplete non-canonized translation made by Joseph Smith | * [[Kinderhook plates]], incomplete non-canonized translation made by Joseph Smith | ||
* [[Lectures on Faith]], decanonized in 1921 | * [[Lectures on Faith]], decanonized in 1921 | ||
* [[List of non-canonical revelations in | * [[List of non-canonical revelations in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||