Chaos Computer Club: Difference between revisions
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{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2019|cs1-dates=y}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=May 2019|cs1-dates=y}} | ||
{{Infobox organization | {{Infobox organization | ||
| name | | name = Chaos Computer Club | ||
| image | | image = Chaos Computer Club (logo).svg | ||
| image_border | | image_border = | ||
| | | image_size = 225px | ||
| | | image_alt = <!-- alt text; see [[WP:ALT]] --> | ||
| caption | | caption = Chaos Computer Club Logo (''{{lang|de|Chaosknoten}}'' aka ''{{lang|de|Datenknoten}}'') | ||
| map | | map = <!-- optional --> | ||
| | | map_size = <!-- map size, optional, default 250px --> | ||
| | | map_alt = <!-- map alt text --> | ||
| | | map_caption = <!-- optional --> | ||
| map2 | | map2 = | ||
| abbreviation | | abbreviation = | ||
| | | predecessor = | ||
| successor = | |||
| successor | | formation = {{start date and age|1981|09|12|df=yes}}<br />[[West Berlin]], West Germany | ||
| formation | | extinction = | ||
| extinction | | type = [[Nongovernmental organization|NGO]] | ||
| type | | status = | ||
| status | | purpose = [[Security hacker|Computer security hacking]] | ||
| purpose | | headquarters = [[Hamburg]], Germany | ||
| headquarters | | location = [[DACH]] | ||
| location | | region_served = | ||
| region_served = | | membership = | ||
| membership | | language = <!-- official languages --> | ||
| language | | general_secretary = <!-- Secretary General --> | ||
| | | main_organ = <!-- gral. assembly, board of directors, etc --> | ||
| main_organ | |||
| parent_organization = <!-- if one --> | | parent_organization = <!-- if one --> | ||
| affiliations | | affiliations = | ||
| budget | | budget = | ||
| num_staff | | num_staff = | ||
| num_volunteers = | | num_volunteers = | ||
| website | | website = {{URL|ccc.de/en}} | ||
| remarks | | remarks = | ||
| | | former_name = | ||
| module | | module = {{infobox network service provider | ||
|child=yes | |||
|asn=50472 | |||
}} | |||
}} | }} | ||
The '''Chaos Computer Club''' ('''CCC''') is Europe's largest association of [[Hacker (computer security)|hackers]]<ref name="CCC"/> with 7,700 registered members.<ref name="eigendarstellung"/> Founded in 1981, the association is incorporated as an ''[[eingetragener Verein]]'' in Germany, with local chapters (called ''Erfa-Kreise'') in various cities in Germany and the surrounding countries, particularly where there are German-speaking communities. | The '''Chaos Computer Club''' ('''CCC''') is Europe's largest association of [[Hacker (computer security)|hackers]],<ref name="CCC"/> with 7,700 registered members.<ref name="eigendarstellung"/> Founded in 1981, the association is incorporated as an ''[[eingetragener Verein]]'' in Germany, with local chapters (called {{nowrap|''Erfa-Kreise'')}} in various cities in Germany and the surrounding countries, particularly where there are German-speaking communities. | ||
{{anchor|CCC-CH}}Since 1985, some chapters in Switzerland have organized an independent sister association called the {{ill|Chaos Computer Club Schweiz|de}} (CCC-CH) instead. | {{anchor|CCC-CH}}Since 1985, some chapters in Switzerland have organized an independent sister association called the {{ill|Chaos Computer Club Schweiz|de}} {{nowrap|(CCC-CH)}} instead. | ||
The CCC describes itself as "a galactic community of life forms, independent of age, sex, race or societal orientation, which strives across borders for freedom of information…". In general, the CCC advocates more transparency in government, [[freedom of information]], and the [[human rights|human right]] to communication. Supporting the principles of the [[hacker ethic]], the club also fights for free universal access to computers and technological infrastructure as well as the use of [[open-source software]].<ref name="Satzung"/>{{failed verification|date=January 2022}} The CCC spreads an entrepreneurial vision refusing capitalist control.<ref name="Boullier_2016"/> It has been characterised as "…one of the most influential digital organisations anywhere, the centre of German digital culture, [[hacker culture]], hacktivism, and the intersection of any discussion of democratic and digital rights".<ref name="Cadwalladr_2014"/> | The CCC describes itself as "a galactic community of life forms, independent of age, sex, race or societal orientation, which strives across borders for freedom of information…". In general, the CCC advocates more transparency in government, [[freedom of information]], and the [[human rights|human right]] to communication. Supporting the principles of the [[hacker ethic]], the club also fights for free universal access to computers and technological infrastructure as well as the use of [[open-source software]].<ref name="Satzung"/>{{failed verification|date=January 2022}} The CCC spreads an entrepreneurial vision refusing capitalist control.<ref name="Boullier_2016"/> It has been characterised as "…one of the most influential digital organisations anywhere, the centre of German digital culture, [[hacker culture]], hacktivism, and the intersection of any discussion of democratic and digital rights".<ref name="Cadwalladr_2014"/> | ||
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Members of the CCC have demonstrated and publicized a number of important information security problems.<ref name="Anderson_2006"/> | Members of the CCC have demonstrated and publicized a number of important information security problems.<ref name="Anderson_2006"/> | ||
The CCC frequently criticizes new legislation and products with weak information security which endanger citizen rights or the privacy of users. | The CCC frequently criticizes new legislation and products with weak information security which endanger citizen rights or the privacy of users. | ||
Notable members of the CCC regularly function as expert witnesses for the [[Federal Constitutional Court|German constitutional court]], organize lawsuits and campaigns, or otherwise influence the political process. | Notable members of the CCC regularly function as expert witnesses for the [[Federal Constitutional Court|German constitutional court]], organize lawsuits and campaigns, or otherwise influence the political process.{{Citation needed|date=December 2025}} | ||
== Activities == | == Activities == | ||
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==History== | ==History== | ||
=== Founding === | === Founding === | ||
[[File:Wau Holland.jpg|thumb|Wau Holland]] | [[File:Wau Holland.jpg|thumb|Wau Holland]] | ||
The CCC was founded in West Berlin on 12 September 1981 at a table which had previously belonged to the [[Kommune 1]] in the rooms of the newspaper [[Die Tageszeitung]] by [[Wau Holland]] and others in anticipation of the prominent role that information technology would play in the way people live and communicate. | The CCC was founded in West Berlin on 12 September 1981 at a table which had previously belonged to the [[Kommune 1]] in the rooms of the newspaper [[Die Tageszeitung]] by [[Wau Holland]] and others in anticipation of the prominent role that information technology would play in the way people live and communicate. ''[[The Guardian]]'' reports it was founded in response to [[Deutsche Bundespost]] having a [[Internet in Germany#Early history|monopoly on telecoms]], and the criminalisation of home computer networking and hacking.<ref name=guardian-20251007>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/games/2025/oct/07/stasi-coldwargames-its-all-a-game-alliiertenmuseum-berlin |title=Cold war power play: how the Stasi got into computer games |last=Magee |first=Tamlin |newspaper=The Guardian |date=7 October 2025 |access-date=12 October 2025}}</ref> | ||
=== BTX-Hack === | === BTX-Hack === | ||
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=== Project Blinkenlights === | === Project Blinkenlights === | ||
{{main|Project Blinkenlights}} | |||
[[File:Blinkenlights_CCC_at_22C3.jpg|thumb|[[Blinkenlights]] at the 22nd Chaos Communication Congress]] | [[File:Blinkenlights_CCC_at_22C3.jpg|thumb|[[Blinkenlights]] at the 22nd Chaos Communication Congress]] | ||
In 2001, the CCC celebrated its twentieth birthday with an interactive light installation dubbed ''Project Blinkenlights'' that turned the building [[Haus des Lehrers]] in Berlin into a giant computer screen. A follow-up installation, ''Arcade'', was created in 2002 by the CCC for the [[Bibliothèque nationale de France]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Nuit Blanche 2002 : jeux de lumière sur une tour de la BnF |url=http://blog.bnf.fr/lecteurs/index.php/2009/01/nuit-blanche-2002-bnf/ |website=blog.bnf.fr |language=fr |access-date=26 January 2021}}</ref> Later in October 2008 CCC's Project Blinkenlights went to [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]], Canada with project Stereoscope.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blinkenlights.net/stereoscope|title=Welcome to Project Blinkenlights – Project Blinkenlights|website=blinkenlights.net|access-date=2018-12-28}}</ref> | In 2001, the CCC celebrated its twentieth birthday with an interactive light installation dubbed ''Project Blinkenlights'' that turned the building [[Haus des Lehrers]] in Berlin into a giant computer screen. A follow-up installation, ''Arcade'', was created in 2002 by the CCC for the [[Bibliothèque nationale de France]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Nuit Blanche 2002 : jeux de lumière sur une tour de la BnF |url=http://blog.bnf.fr/lecteurs/index.php/2009/01/nuit-blanche-2002-bnf/ |website=blog.bnf.fr |language=fr |access-date=26 January 2021}}</ref> Later in October 2008 CCC's Project Blinkenlights went to [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]], Canada with project Stereoscope.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blinkenlights.net/stereoscope|title=Welcome to Project Blinkenlights – Project Blinkenlights|website=blinkenlights.net|access-date=2018-12-28}}</ref> | ||
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=== Staatstrojaner affair === | === Staatstrojaner affair === | ||
[[File:Bundestrojaner.jpg|thumb|Mascot used to protest against the Staatstrojaner, a [[trojan horse]]]] | {{see also|FOXACID|MiniPanzer and MegaPanzer|Magic Lantern (spyware)|Heiko Maas#State trojans}}[[File:Bundestrojaner.jpg|thumb|Mascot used to protest against the Staatstrojaner, a [[trojan horse]]]] | ||
The Staatstrojaner (''Federal [[Trojan horse (computing)|Trojan horse]]'') is a [[computer surveillance]] program installed secretly on a suspect's computer, which the German police uses to [[wiretap]] [[Internet telephony]]. This "source wiretapping" is the only feasible way to wiretap in this case, since Internet telephony programs will usually [[encryption|encrypt]] the data when it leaves the computer. The [[Federal Constitutional Court of Germany]] has ruled that the police may only use such programs for telephony wiretapping, and for no other purpose, and that this restriction should be enforced through technical and legal means. | The Staatstrojaner (''Federal [[Trojan horse (computing)|Trojan horse]]'') is a [[computer surveillance]] program installed secretly on a suspect's computer, which the German police uses to [[wiretap]] [[Internet telephony]]. This "source wiretapping" is the only feasible way to wiretap in this case, since Internet telephony programs will usually [[encryption|encrypt]] the data when it leaves the computer. The [[Federal Constitutional Court of Germany]] has ruled that the police may only use such programs for telephony wiretapping, and for no other purpose, and that this restriction should be enforced through technical and legal means. | ||
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=== Phone authentication systems === | === Phone authentication systems === | ||
The CCC has repeatedly warned phone users of the weakness of biometric identification in the wake of the 2008 Schäuble fingerprints affair. In their "hacker ethics" the CCC includes "protect people data", but also "Computers can change your life for the better".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ccc.de/de/hackerethik|title=CCC {{!}} Hackerethik|website=www.ccc.de|language=en|access-date=2018-03-13}}</ref> The club regards privacy as an individual right: the CCC does not discourage people from sharing or storing personal information on their phones, but advocates better privacy protection, and the use of specific browsing and sharing techniques by users. | The CCC has repeatedly warned phone users of the weakness of biometric identification in the wake of the 2008 Schäuble fingerprints affair. In their "[[hacker ethics]]" the CCC includes "protect people data", but also "Computers can change your life for the better".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ccc.de/de/hackerethik|title=CCC {{!}} Hackerethik|website=www.ccc.de|language=en|access-date=2018-03-13}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last=Levy | first=Steven | title=Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution | publisher=Anchor Press/Doubleday | publication-place=Garden City, NY | date=1984 | isbn=0-385-19195-2}}</ref> The club regards privacy as an individual right: the CCC does not discourage people from sharing or storing personal information on their phones, but advocates better privacy protection, and the use of specific browsing and sharing techniques by users. | ||
==== Apple TouchID ==== | ==== Apple TouchID ==== | ||
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==== Samsung S8 iris recognition ==== | ==== Samsung S8 iris recognition ==== | ||
The Samsung Galaxy S8's [[iris recognition]] system claims to be "one of the safest ways to keep your phone locked and the contents private" as "patterns in your irises are unique to you and are virtually impossible to replicate", as quoted in official Samsung content.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.samsung.com/global/galaxy/galaxy-s8/security/|title=Security – Iris Scanner {{!}} Samsung Galaxy S8 and S8+|website=The Official Samsung Galaxy Site|language=en|access-date=2018-03-12}}</ref> However, in some cases, using a high resolution photograph of the phone owner's iris and a lens, the CCC claimed to be able to trick the authentication system. | The Samsung Galaxy S8's [[iris recognition]] system claims to be "one of the safest ways to keep your phone locked and the contents private" as "patterns in your irises are unique to you and are virtually impossible to replicate", as quoted in official Samsung content.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.samsung.com/global/galaxy/galaxy-s8/security/|title=Security – Iris Scanner {{!}} Samsung Galaxy S8 and S8+|website=The Official Samsung Galaxy Site|language=en|access-date=2018-03-12}}</ref> However, in some cases, using a high resolution photograph of the phone owner's iris and a lens, the CCC claimed to be able to trick the authentication system.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ccc.de/en/updates/2017/iriden|title=Chaos Computer Clubs breaks iris recognition system of the Samsung Galaxy S8|language=en|access-date=2025-08-19 | ||
}}</ref> | |||
=={{anchor|CCCF}}Fake Chaos Computer Club France== | =={{anchor|CCCF}}Fake Chaos Computer Club France== | ||
The '''Chaos Computer Club France''' (CCCF) was a fake hacker organisation created in 1989 in [[Lyon]] (France) by [[Jean-Bernard Condat]], under the command of Jean-Luc Delacour, an agent of the [[Direction de la surveillance du territoire]] governmental agency. The primary goal of the CCCF was to watch and to gather information about the French hacker community, identifying the hackers who could harm the country.<ref>''[[Phrack]]'' No. 64, [http://www.phrack.org/issues.html?issue=64&id=17 "A personal view of the french underground (1992–2007)"], 2007: ''"A good example of this was the fake hacking meeting created in the middle 1990' so called the CCCF (Chaos Computer Club France) where a lot of hackers got busted under the active participation of a renegade hacker so called Jean-Bernard Condat."''</ref><ref name="Le Monde diplomatique"/> Journalist {{ill|Jean Guisnel|fr}} said that this organization also worked with the [[Gendarmerie Nationale (France)|French National Gendarmerie]]. | The '''Chaos Computer Club France''' ('''CCCF''') was a fake hacker organisation created in 1989 in [[Lyon]] (France) by [[Jean-Bernard Condat]], under the command of Jean-Luc Delacour, an agent of the [[Direction de la surveillance du territoire]] governmental agency. The primary goal of the CCCF was to watch and to gather information about the French hacker community, identifying the hackers who could harm the country.<ref>''[[Phrack]]'' No. 64, [http://www.phrack.org/issues.html?issue=64&id=17 "A personal view of the french underground (1992–2007)"], 2007: ''"A good example of this was the fake hacking meeting created in the middle 1990' so called the CCCF (Chaos Computer Club France) where a lot of hackers got busted under the active participation of a renegade hacker so called Jean-Bernard Condat."''</ref><ref name="Le Monde diplomatique"/> Journalist {{ill|Jean Guisnel|fr}} said that this organization also worked with the [[Gendarmerie Nationale (France)|French National Gendarmerie]]. | ||
The CCCF had an [[Digital edition|electronic]] magazine called ''Chaos Digest (ChaosD)''. Between 4 January 1993 and 5 August 1993, seventy-three issues were published ({{ISSN|1244-4901}}). | The CCCF had an [[Digital edition|electronic]] magazine called ''Chaos Digest (ChaosD)''. Between 4 January 1993 and 5 August 1993, seventy-three issues were published ({{ISSN|1244-4901}}). | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
<references> | |||
<ref name="CCC">{{cite web |url=https://www.ccc.de/en/?language=en |title=Chaos Computer Club |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |publisher=Chaos Computer Club |access-date=2016-08-23}}</ref> | <ref name="CCC">{{cite web |url=https://www.ccc.de/en/?language=en |title=Chaos Computer Club |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |publisher=Chaos Computer Club |access-date=2016-08-23}}</ref> | ||
<ref name="eigendarstellung">{{citation |title=annual general assembly minutes 2018 |date=2018 |publisher=Chaos Computer Club}}</ref> | <ref name="eigendarstellung">{{citation |title=annual general assembly minutes 2018 |date=2018 |publisher=Chaos Computer Club}}</ref> | ||
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<ref name="CCC_33C3">{{cite web |title=33C3 Call For Papers |url=https://www.ccc.de/de/updates/2016/33C3-cfp}}</ref> | <ref name="CCC_33C3">{{cite web |title=33C3 Call For Papers |url=https://www.ccc.de/de/updates/2016/33C3-cfp}}</ref> | ||
<ref name="SIGINT_2009">https://events.ccc.de/sigint/2009/wiki/Hauptseite {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170708143104/https://events.ccc.de/sigint/2009/wiki/Hauptseite |date=2017-07-08}} SIGINT Willkommen 2009</ref> | <ref name="SIGINT_2009">https://events.ccc.de/sigint/2009/wiki/Hauptseite {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170708143104/https://events.ccc.de/sigint/2009/wiki/Hauptseite |date=2017-07-08}} SIGINT Willkommen 2009</ref> | ||
</references> | |||
==Further reading== | ==Further reading== | ||
* [ | * [https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/click_online/9393571.stm Chaos Computer Club hackers 'have a conscience'], [[BBC News]], 2011-02-11 | ||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||