Protestant Church in the Netherlands: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 16:21, 15 April 2026

The Protestant Church in the Netherlands (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist., abbreviated PKN) is the largest Protestant denomination in the Netherlands, consisting of historical Calvinist and Lutheran churches.

It was founded on 1 May 2004 as the merger of the vast majority of the Dutch Reformed Church,^[1] the vast majority of the Reformed Churches in the Netherlands, and the Evangelical Lutheran Church in the Kingdom of the Netherlands.^[2]^[3] The merger was the culmination of an organizational process started in 1961. Several orthodox Reformed and liberal churches did not merge into the new church.

The Protestant Church in the Netherlands (PKN) forms the country's second largest Christian denomination after the Catholic Church, with approximately 1.4 million members as per the church official statistics^[4] or some 7.9% of the population in 2023.^[5] It is the traditional faith of the Dutch Royal Family – a remnant of historical dominance of the Dutch Reformed Church, the main predecessor of the Protestant Church.

Doctrine and practice

File:Westerkerk Amsterdam 20041002.jpg

Westerkerk in Amsterdam

The doctrine of the Protestant Church in the Netherlands is expressed in its creeds. In addition to holding the Apostles', the Nicene, and the Athanasian creeds of the universal Church, it also holds to the confessions of its predecessor bodies. From the Lutheran tradition are the unaltered Augsburg Confession and Luther's Catechism, and from the Calvinist tradition are the Heidelberg and Genevan Catechisms along with the Belgic Confession with the Canons of Dordt. The Church also acknowledges the Theological Declaration of Barmen and the Leuenberg Agreement.^[6] Ordination of women and blessings of same-sex marriages are allowed.^[7]

The PKN contains both liberal and conservative movements, although the liberal Remonstrants left talks when they could not agree with the unaltered adoption of the Canons of Dordt. Local congregations have far-reaching powers concerning "controversial" matters (such as admittance to holy communion or whether women are admitted as members of the congregation's consistory).

Organization

The polity of the Protestant Church in the Netherlands is a hybrid of presbyterian and congregationalist church governance. Church governance is organised along local, regional, and national lines. At the local level is the congregation. An individual congregation is led by a church council made of the minister along with elders and deacons elected by the congregation. At the regional level were 75 classical assemblies whose members are chosen by the church councils. As of May 1, 2018, these 75 classical assemblies are reorganized into 11 larger ones. At the national level is the General Synod which directs areas of common interest, such as theological education, ministry training and ecumenical cooperation.^[8]

The PKN has four different types of congregations:

Protestant congregations: local congregations from different church bodies that have merged
Dutch Reformed congregations
Reformed congregations (congregations of the former Reformed Churches in the Netherlands)
Lutheran congregations (congregations of the former Evangelical-Lutheran Church)

Lutherans are a minority (about 1 percent) of the PKN's membership. To ensure that Lutherans are represented in the church, the Lutheran congregations have their own synod. The Lutheran Synod also has representatives in the General Synod.^[8] Since June 2024 Trijnie Bouw has been the president of the synod of Protestant Church in the Netherlands ^[9]

Statistical details

The Protestant Church in the Netherlands issues yearly reports regarding its membership and finances.^[10]

Its make-up by former affiliation of its congregations was as follows in 2017:

Members of the Protestant Church in the Netherlands by type of congregation (2017)^[10]
Former affiliation of the congregation	% of members in the Protestant Church in the Netherlands
no former affiliation, merged, or simply identifying as Protestant (Protestants)	Template:Bartable
former Dutch Reformed Church (Hervormd)	Template:Bartable
former Reformed Churches in the Netherlands (Gereformeerd)	Template:Bartable
former Evangelical Lutheran Church in the Kingdom of the Netherlands (Luthers)	Template:Bartable

Trend shows that since 2011 identification with former denominations has been falling in favor of simply identifying as "Protestant".

The denomination has 1,458 congregations as of 1 January 2025, down from 1,630 in 2015.^[4] There were 1,352 ministers serving in these congregations (some congregations employing more than one minister), meaning that 72% of congregations had a minister.^[4]

Secularization

Secularization, or the decline in religiosity, first became noticeable after 1960 in the Protestant rural areas of Friesland and Groningen. Then, it spread to Amsterdam, Rotterdam, and the other large cities in the west. Finally, the southern Catholic areas showed religious declines. Research in 2007 concluded that 42% of the members of the PKN were non-theists.^[11] Furthermore, in the PKN and several other smaller denominations of the Netherlands, one in six clergy were either agnostic or atheist.^[12]^[13] A Dutch minister of the PKN, Klaas Hendrikse once described God as "a word for experience, for human experience" and said that Jesus may have never existed.^[12]^[14]

Countervailing trends

A countervailing trend is produced by a religious revival in the Dutch Bible Belt.^[15]^[16]

According to statistics from the Dutch government, 2024 was the first year in decades to see an increase in the number of Christians, particularly in the number of Protestants.^[17]

Separations

File:Ontstaansgeschiedenis van kerken in Nederland.svg

History of the churches in the Netherlands

Only those congregations belonging to the former Reformed Churches in the Netherlands have the legal right to secede from the PKN without losing its property and church during a transition period of 10 years. Seven congregations have so far decided to form the Continued Reformed Churches in the Netherlands.^[2] Two congregations have joined one of the other smaller Calvinist churches in the Netherlands. Some minorities within congregations that joined the PKN decided to leave the church and associated themselves individually with one of the other Reformed churches.

Some congregations and members in the Dutch Reformed Church did not agree with the merger and have separated. They have organized themselves in the Restored Reformed Church. Estimations of their membership vary from 35,000 up to 70,000 people in about 120 local congregations.^[18] They disagree with the pluralism of the merged church which maintains, as they see it, contradicting Calvinist and Lutheran confessions. This group also considers same-sex marriages and female clergy unbiblical.

Chart of splits and mergers of the Dutch Reformed churches

Splits and mergers of the Dutch Reformed churches

NHK (1571)

Remonstrants (1619)

Seceders (1834)

CGK (1869)

NGK (Dolerende) (1886)

GKN (1892)

GerGem (1907)

GKV (1944)

GGiN (1953)

NRC (1967)

GGiN (unconnected) (1980)

NVK (2003)

HHK (2004)

VGKN (2004)

ELKKN

PKN (2004)

NGK (2023)

GK (2024)

Involvement in the Middle East

In a meeting of eight Jewish and eight Protestant Dutch leaders in Israel in May 2011, a statement of cooperation was issued, indicating, for the most part, that the Protestant Church recognizes the issues involved with the Palestinian Christians and that this is sometimes at odds with support for the State of Israel, but standing up for the rights of the Palestinians does not detract from the emphasis on the safety of the State of Israel and vice versa.^[19]

References

↑ "Protestant Church in the Netherlands". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 29 August 2025.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 GoDutch.com, "Three-way PKN Union Drastically Changes Dutch Denominational Landscape: Two Groups of Merger Opponents Stay Out", May 24, 2004. Accessed July 13, 2010.
↑ "strijd met de onkerk".
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 "Ledenaantal en andere gegevens over de Protestantse Kerk". Protestantse Kerk in Nederland (in Dutch). Retrieved 2026-04-15.
↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named over ons
↑ Church Order of the Protestant Church in the Netherlands Archived 2011-07-19 at the Wayback Machine. Article I, p. 1. Accessed July 13, 2010.
↑ Christian Post: Protestant Church in Netherlands to Grant Blessings to Gay Couples, 2007
↑ ^8.0 ^8.1 Organisation of the PKN Archived 2011-07-19 at the Wayback Machine. Accessed July 14, 2010.
↑ Protestantsekerk.nl: Ds. Trijnie Bouw: “Ik hoop dat de kerk een vindplaats blijft van vreugde en hoop”, June 2024
↑ ^10.0 ^10.1 "PKN Statistische Jaarbrief 2017".
↑ Meester, Ronald; Dekker, G. (2007). God in Nederland (1996-2006). Ten Have. ISBN 9789025957407.
↑ ^12.0 ^12.1 Pigott, Robert (5 August 2011). "Dutch rethink Christianity for a doubtful world". BBC News. Retrieved 2 October 2011.
↑ Video on YouTube
↑ Video on YouTube
↑ Knippenberg, Hans (1998). "Secularization in the Netherlands in its historical and geographical dimensions". GeoJournal. 45 (3): 209–220. Bibcode:1998GeoJo..45..209K. doi:10.1023/A:1006973011455. ISSN 0343-2521. S2CID 142623867.
↑ Sobotka, Tomáš; Adigüzel, Feray (2002), Religiosity and spatial demographic differences in the Netherlands, hdl:11385/169984
↑ "Daling aandeel mensen dat aangeeft bij religie te horen stagneert". Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek (in Dutch). 18 April 2025. Retrieved 9 January 2026.
↑ "Official website Restored Reformed Church". Archived from the original on 2010-10-23. Retrieved 2011-09-06.
↑ "Encounter and dialogue". Archived from the original on 2011-11-18. Retrieved 2011-08-14.

External links

No URL found. Please specify a URL here or add one to Wikidata. (in Dutch)

Template:Christianity in the Netherlands Template:CPCE Template:Lutheran World Federation Churches

[1] "Protestant Church in the Netherlands". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 29 August 2025.

[3wayPKN-2] 2.0 ^2.1 GoDutch.com, "Three-way PKN Union Drastically Changes Dutch Denominational Landscape: Two Groups of Merger Opponents Stay Out", May 24, 2004. Accessed July 13, 2010.

[3] "strijd met de onkerk".

[:0-4] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 "Ledenaantal en andere gegevens over de Protestantse Kerk". Protestantse Kerk in Nederland (in Dutch). Retrieved 2026-04-15.

[over_ons-5] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named over ons

[churchorderp1-6] Church Order of the Protestant Church in the Netherlands Archived 2011-07-19 at the Wayback Machine. Article I, p. 1. Accessed July 13, 2010.

[7] Christian Post: Protestant Church in Netherlands to Grant Blessings to Gay Couples, 2007

[organisation-8] 8.0 ^8.1 Organisation of the PKN Archived 2011-07-19 at the Wayback Machine. Accessed July 14, 2010.

[9] Protestantsekerk.nl: Ds. Trijnie Bouw: “Ik hoop dat de kerk een vindplaats blijft van vreugde en hoop”, June 2024

[PKN_Statistische_Jaarbrief_2017-10] 10.0 ^10.1 "PKN Statistische Jaarbrief 2017".

[11] Meester, Ronald; Dekker, G. (2007). God in Nederland (1996-2006). Ten Have. ISBN 9789025957407.

[PKN-Hendrikse-12] 12.0 ^12.1 Pigott, Robert (5 August 2011). "Dutch rethink Christianity for a doubtful world". BBC News. Retrieved 2 October 2011.

[13] Video on YouTube

[14] Video on YouTube

[Knippenberg1998-15] Knippenberg, Hans (1998). "Secularization in the Netherlands in its historical and geographical dimensions". GeoJournal. 45 (3): 209–220. Bibcode:1998GeoJo..45..209K. doi:10.1023/A:1006973011455. ISSN 0343-2521. S2CID 142623867.

[16] Sobotka, Tomáš; Adigüzel, Feray (2002), Religiosity and spatial demographic differences in the Netherlands, hdl:11385/169984

[17] "Daling aandeel mensen dat aangeeft bij religie te horen stagneert". Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek (in Dutch). 18 April 2025. Retrieved 9 January 2026.

[18] "Official website Restored Reformed Church". Archived from the original on 2010-10-23. Retrieved 2011-09-06.

[19] "Encounter and dialogue". Archived from the original on 2011-11-18. Retrieved 2011-08-14.

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@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 | image              = Protestant Church in the Netherlands.svg
 | caption            =
-| type               = [[United church]]
+| type               = [[United and uniting churches|United church]]
-| main_classification = [[Christianity|Christian]]
+| main_classification = [[Protestantism|Protestant]]
-| orientation        = [[Protestant]]
+| orientation        = [[Continental Reformed Protestantism|Continental Reformed]] with a small [[Lutheranism|Lutheran]] minority
-| scripture          = [[Christian Bible]]
+| scripture          = [[Protestant Bible]]
-| theology           = [[Calvinism]]<br>[[Lutheranism]]
+| theology           = [[Reformed Christianity#Reformed|Reformed]]<br>[[Lutheranism#Doctrine|Lutheran]]
 | polity             = Mixture of [[Presbyterian polity|presbyterian]] and [[Congregationalist polity|congregationalist]]
 | founded_date       = 1 May 2004
@@ Line 25: / Line 25: @@
 *[[Restored Reformed Church]]
 *[[Continued Reformed Churches in the Netherlands]]}}(newly organized denominations; refused to participate in the merger)
-| congregations      = 1,487
+| congregations      = 1,458
-| members            = 1.4 million (7.9% of the population)<ref name="over ons">{{cite web |url=https://protestantsekerk.nl/over-ons/feiten-en-cijfers/ |title=Over de Protestantse Kerk |publisher=Protestantse Kerk in Nederland |access-date=1 July 2024}}</ref>
+| members            = 1,387,000 (7.9% of the population)<ref name="over ons">{{cite web |url=https://protestantsekerk.nl/over-ons/feiten-en-cijfers/ |title=Over de Protestantse Kerk |publisher=Protestantse Kerk in Nederland |access-date=1 July 2024}}</ref>
+| ministers          = 1,352
 | website            = {{Official URL}}
 | footnotes          =
@@ Line 33: / Line 34: @@
 The '''Protestant Church in the Netherlands''' ({{langx|nl|de Protestantse Kerk in Nederland}}, abbreviated '''PKN''') is the largest [[Protestantism|Protestant]] [[Christian denomination|denomination]] in the [[Netherlands]], consisting of historical [[Calvinism|Calvinist]] and [[Lutheranism|Lutheran]] churches.
-It was founded on 1 May 2004 as the [[United and uniting churches|merger]] of the vast majority of the [[Dutch Reformed Church]], the vast majority of the [[Reformed Churches in the Netherlands]], and the [[Evangelical Lutheran Church in the Kingdom of the Netherlands]].<ref name=3wayPKN>GoDutch.com, [http://www.godutch.com/newspaper/index.php?id=571 "Three-way PKN Union Drastically Changes Dutch Denominational Landscape: Two Groups of Merger Opponents Stay Out"], May 24, 2004. Accessed July 13, 2010.</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.trouw.nl/home/strijd-met-de-onkerk-~addb2469/| title = strijd met de onkerk }}</ref> The merger was the culmination of an organizational process started in 1961. Several orthodox Reformed and liberal churches did not merge into the new church.
+It was founded on 1 May 2004 as the [[United and uniting churches|merger]] of the vast majority of the [[Dutch Reformed Church]],<ref>{{cite web |title=Protestant Church in the Netherlands |website=Encyclopædia Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Protestant-Church-in-the-Netherlands |access-date=29 August 2025}}</ref> the vast majority of the [[Reformed Churches in the Netherlands]], and the [[Evangelical Lutheran Church in the Kingdom of the Netherlands]].<ref name=3wayPKN>GoDutch.com, [http://www.godutch.com/newspaper/index.php?id=571 "Three-way PKN Union Drastically Changes Dutch Denominational Landscape: Two Groups of Merger Opponents Stay Out"], May 24, 2004. Accessed July 13, 2010.</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.trouw.nl/home/strijd-met-de-onkerk-~addb2469/| title = strijd met de onkerk }}</ref> The merger was the culmination of an organizational process started in 1961. Several orthodox Reformed and liberal churches did not merge into the new church.
-The Protestant Church in the Netherlands (PKN) forms the country's second largest [[Christian denomination]] after the [[Catholic Church in the Netherlands|Catholic Church]], with approximately 1.4 million members as per the church official statistics or some 7.9% of the population in 2023.<ref name="over ons" /> It is the traditional faith of the [[Monarchy of the Netherlands|Dutch Royal Family]] &ndash; a remnant of historical dominance of the [[Dutch Reformed Church]], the main predecessor of the Protestant Church.
+The Protestant Church in the Netherlands (PKN) forms the country's second largest [[Christian denomination]] after the [[Catholic Church in the Netherlands|Catholic Church]], with approximately 1.4 million members as per the church official statistics<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Ledenaantal en andere gegevens over de Protestantse Kerk |url=https://protestantsekerk.nl/over-ons/feiten-en-cijfers/ |access-date=2026-04-15 |website=Protestantse Kerk in Nederland |language=nl}}</ref> or some 7.9% of the population in 2023.<ref name="over ons" /> It is the traditional faith of the [[Monarchy of the Netherlands|Dutch Royal Family]] &ndash; a remnant of historical dominance of the [[Dutch Reformed Church]], the main predecessor of the Protestant Church.
 ==Doctrine and practice==
@@ Line 52: / Line 53: @@
 # Lutheran congregations (congregations of the former Evangelical-Lutheran Church)
-Lutherans are a minority (about 1 percent) of the PKN's membership. To ensure that Lutherans are represented in the Church, the Lutheran congregations have their own synod. The Lutheran Synod also has representatives in the General Synod.<ref name=organisation/>
+Lutherans are a minority (about 1 percent) of the PKN's membership. To ensure that Lutherans are represented in the church, the Lutheran congregations have their own synod. The Lutheran Synod also has representatives in the General Synod.<ref name=organisation/> Since June 2024 [[Trijnie Bouw]] has been the president of the synod of Protestant Church in the Netherlands <ref>[https://protestantsekerk.nl/verdieping/ds-trijnie-bouw/ Protestantsekerk.nl: Ds. Trijnie Bouw: “Ik hoop dat de kerk een vindplaats blijft van vreugde en hoop”], June 2024</ref>
 ==Statistical details==
@@ Line 79: / Line 80: @@
 Trend shows that since 2011 identification with former denominations has been falling in favor of simply identifying as "Protestant".
+The denomination has 1,458 congregations as of 1 January 2025, down from 1,630 in 2015.<ref name=":0" /> There were 1,352 ministers serving in these congregations (some congregations employing more than one minister), meaning that 72% of congregations had a minister.<ref name=":0" />
 ==Secularization==
 Secularization, or the decline in religiosity, first became noticeable after 1960 in the Protestant rural areas of [[Friesland]] and [[Groningen (province)|Groningen]]. Then, it spread to [[Amsterdam]], [[Rotterdam]], and the other large cities in the west. Finally, the southern Catholic areas showed religious declines.
-Research in 2007 concluded that 42% of the members of the PKN were [[non-theist]]s.<ref>{{cite book|title=God in Nederland (1996-2006)|first1=Ronald |last1=Meester|first2= G.|last2= Dekker|isbn=9789025957407}}</ref> Furthermore, in the PKN and several other smaller denominations of the Netherlands, one in six clergy were either agnostic or atheist.<ref name=PKN-Hendrikse>{{cite news|last=Pigott|first=Robert|title=Dutch rethink Christianity for a doubtful world|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-14417362|access-date=2 October 2011|newspaper=BBC News|date=5 August 2011}}</ref><ref>{{YouTube|id=n6TuZ9F-PGo}}</ref> A Dutch minister of the PKN, [[Klaas Hendrikse]] once described God as "a word for experience, for human experience" and said that [[Christ myth theory|Jesus may have never existed]].<ref name="PKN-Hendrikse" /><ref>{{YouTube|id=9eypysiJQgw}}</ref>
+Research in 2007 concluded that 42% of the members of the PKN were [[non-theist]]s.<ref>{{cite book|title=God in Nederland (1996-2006)|first1=Ronald |last1=Meester|first2= G.|last2= Dekker|date=2007 |publisher=Ten Have |isbn=9789025957407}}</ref> Furthermore, in the PKN and several other smaller denominations of the Netherlands, one in six clergy were either agnostic or atheist.<ref name=PKN-Hendrikse>{{cite news|last=Pigott|first=Robert|title=Dutch rethink Christianity for a doubtful world|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-14417362|access-date=2 October 2011|newspaper=BBC News|date=5 August 2011}}</ref><ref>{{YouTube|id=n6TuZ9F-PGo}}</ref> A Dutch minister of the PKN, [[Klaas Hendrikse]] once described God as "a word for experience, for human experience" and said that [[Christ myth theory|Jesus may have never existed]].<ref name="PKN-Hendrikse" /><ref>{{YouTube|id=9eypysiJQgw}}</ref>
+===Countervailing trends===
 A countervailing trend is produced by a religious revival in the Dutch [[Bible Belt (Netherlands)|Bible Belt]].<ref name="Knippenberg1998">{{cite journal|last1=Knippenberg|first1=Hans|journal=GeoJournal|volume=45|issue=3|year=1998|pages=209–220|issn=0343-2521|doi=10.1023/A:1006973011455|title=Secularization in the Netherlands in its historical and geographical dimensions
-|s2cid=142623867 }}</ref><ref>{{citation|first1=Tomáš|last1= Sobotka|first2= Feray|last2= Adigüzel|title=Religiosity and spatial demographic differences in the Netherlands|date=2002|hdl=11385/169984 }}</ref>
+|bibcode=1998GeoJo..45..209K |s2cid=142623867 }}</ref><ref>{{citation|first1=Tomáš|last1= Sobotka|first2= Feray|last2= Adigüzel|title=Religiosity and spatial demographic differences in the Netherlands|date=2002|hdl=11385/169984 }}</ref>
+According to statistics from the Dutch government, 2024 was the first year in decades to see an increase in the number of Christians, particularly in the number of Protestants.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cbs.nl/nl-nl/nieuws/2025/16/daling-aandeel-mensen-dat-aangeeft-bij-religie-te-horen-stagneert|title=Daling aandeel mensen dat aangeeft bij religie te horen stagneert|date=18 April 2025|access-date=9 January 2026|language=Dutch|website=Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek}}</ref>
 ==Separations==
-[[File:Ontstaansgeschiedenis van kerken in Nederland.svg|thumb|right|History of the churches in the  Netherlands]]
+[[File:Ontstaansgeschiedenis van kerken in Nederland.svg|thumb|right|History of the churches in the Netherlands]]
 Only those congregations belonging to the former Reformed Churches in the Netherlands have the legal right to secede from the PKN without losing its property and church during a transition period of 10 years. Seven congregations have so far decided to form the [[Continued Reformed Churches in the Netherlands]].<ref name=3wayPKN/> Two congregations have joined one of the other smaller Calvinist churches in the Netherlands. Some minorities within congregations that joined the PKN decided to leave the church and associated themselves individually with one of the other Reformed churches.
@@ Line 96: / Line 102: @@
 {{chart top|width=100%|Splits and mergers of the Dutch Reformed churches}}
 {{tree chart/start|align=center}}
-{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | |DR| DR=[[Dutch Reformed Church|NHK]] ([[Synod of Emden|1571]])}}
+{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | DR  | DR=[[Dutch Reformed Church|NHK]] ([[Synod of Emden|1571]])}}
 {{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| }}
-{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |)|-|-|RE |RE=[[Remonstrants]] ([[Synod of Dort|1619]]) }}
+{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |)|-|-| RE |RE=[[Remonstrants]] ([[Synod of Dort|1619]]) }}
 {{tree chart| | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|-|(| | | |`|-|-|-|-|-|-|}}
-{{tree chart| | | | | | | | |SE| | | |!|SE= [[1834 Dutch Reformed Church split|Seceders]] (1834)}}
+{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | SE  | | | |!|SE= [[1834 Dutch Reformed Church split|Seceders]] (1834)}}
 {{tree chart| | | | | | | | | |!| | | | |!| }}
-{{tree chart| | | | | | | | |CG| | | |!|CG= [[Christian Reformed Churches|CGK]] (1869)}}
+{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | CG  | | | |!|CG= [[Christian Reformed Churches|CGK]] (1869)}}
 {{tree chart| | | | | | | | | |!| | | | |)|-|DO| DO= [[1886 Dutch Reformed Church split|NGK (Dolerende)]] (1886)}}
 {{tree chart| | | | | | | | | |)|-|-|-|-|b|.| |!| }}
-{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | |!| | | | |!|GK| GK= [[Reformed Churches in the Netherlands|GKN]] (1892)}}
+{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | |!| | | | |!| GK  | GK= [[Reformed Churches in the Netherlands|GKN]] (1892)}}
-{{tree chart| | | | | | |GE|(| | | | |!| |!| | GE= [[Reformed Congregations|GerGem]] (1907)}}
+{{tree chart| | | | | | | GE  |(| | | | |!| |!| | GE= [[Reformed Congregations|GerGem]] (1907)}}
-{{tree chart| | | | | | | |!| |!| | | | |!| |)|-|-|GK| GK=[[Reformed Churches in the Netherlands (Liberated)|GKV]] (1944)}}
+{{tree chart| | | | | | | |!| |!| | | | |!| |)|-|-| GK  | GK=[[Reformed Churches in the Netherlands (Liberated)|GKV]] (1944)}}
-{{tree chart| | | | |RC|(| |!| | | | |!| |!| | | |!| RC= [[Reformed Congregations in the Netherlands|GGiN]] (1953)}}
+{{tree chart| | | | | RC  |(| |!| | | | |!| |!| | | |!| RC= [[Reformed Congregations in the Netherlands|GGiN]] (1953)}}
-{{tree chart| | | | | |!| |!| |!| | | | |!| |!| | | |)|NR| NR=[[Netherlands Reformed Churches|NRC]] (1967)}}
+{{tree chart| | | | | |!| |!| |!| | | | |!| |!| | | |)| NR  | NR=[[Netherlands Reformed Churches|NRC]] (1967)}}
-{{tree chart| | |RC|(| |!| |!| | | | |!| |!| | | |!|!| | RC= [[Reformed Congregations in the Netherlands (unconnected)|GGiN (unconnected)]] (1980)}}
+{{tree chart| | | RC  |(| |!| |!| | | | |!| |!| | | |!|!| | RC= [[Reformed Congregations in the Netherlands (unconnected)|GGiN (unconnected)]] (1980)}}
-{{tree chart| | | |!| |!| |!| |!| | | | |!| |!| | | |)|b|NV| NV= [[Reformed Churches in the Netherlands (Restored)|NVK]] (2003)}}
+{{tree chart| | | |!| |!| |!| |!| | | | |!| |!| | | |)|b| NV  | NV= [[Reformed Churches in the Netherlands (Restored)|NVK]] (2003)}}
-{{tree chart| | | |!| |!| |!| |!|HH|-|(| |)|VG|!|!| |!| HH=[[Restored Reformed Church|HHK]] (2004)| VG= [[Continued Reformed Churches in the Netherlands|VGKN]] (2004)}}
+{{tree chart| | | |!| |!| |!| |!| HH  |-|(| |)| VG  |!|!| |!| HH=[[Restored Reformed Church|HHK]] (2004)| VG= [[Continued Reformed Churches in the Netherlands|VGKN]] (2004)}}
-{{tree chart|EL|b|-|b|-|b|-|b|-|b|-|.|!|,|'| |!| |!|!| |!|  EL=[[Evangelical Lutheran Church in the Kingdom of the Netherlands|ELKKN]]}}
+{{tree chart| EL  |b|-|b|-|b|-|b|-|b|-|.|!|,|'| |!| |!|!| |!|  EL=[[Evangelical Lutheran Church in the Kingdom of the Netherlands|ELKKN]]}}
-{{tree chart| | | |!| |!| |!| |!| |!| |PK| | |!| |!|!| |!| PK=PKN (2004)}}
+{{tree chart| | | |!| |!| |!| |!| |!| | PK  | | |!| |!|!| |!| PK=PKN (2004)}}
-{{tree chart| | | |!| |!| |!| |!| |!| | |!| | | |!| |NG|!| NG=[[Dutch Reformed Churches|NGK]] (2023)}}
+{{tree chart| | | |!| |!| |!| |!| |!| | |!| | | |!| | NG  |!| NG=[[Dutch Reformed Churches|NGK]] (2023)}}
+{{tree chart| | | |!| |!| |!| |!| |!| | |!| | | |!| | |!| GK  | GK=[[Reformed Churches (Netherlands)|GK]] (2024)}}
 {{tree chart/end}}
 {{chart bottom}}

Protestant Church in the Netherlands: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 16:21, 15 April 2026

Contents

Doctrine and practice

Organization

Statistical details

Secularization

Countervailing trends

Separations

Involvement in the Middle East

See also

References

External links

Navigation menu

Protestant Church in the Netherlands: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 16:21, 15 April 2026

Doctrine and practice

Organization

Statistical details

Secularization

Countervailing trends

Separations

Involvement in the Middle East

See also

References

External links

Navigation menu

Search