Economy of Gabon: Difference between revisions

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| image = Libreville immeubles.jpg
| image = Libreville immeubles.jpg
| image_size = 310px
| image_size = 310px
| caption = [[Libreville]] is the capital and financial center of [[Gabon]]
| caption = [[Libreville]] is the capital and financial center of Gabon
| currency = 1 [[Central African CFA franc]] (XAF) = 100 [[centime]]s
| currency = 1 [[Central African CFA franc]] (XAF) = 100 [[centime]]s
| fixed exchange =  
| fixed exchange =  
Line 25: Line 25:
}}
}}
| growth = {{plainlist|   
| growth = {{plainlist|   
* {{Increase}} 2.4%&nbsp;(2023)<ref name="IMF DataMapper" />
* {{Increase}} 3.1%&nbsp;(2024)<ref name="IMF DataMapper" />
* {{Increase}} 2.8%&nbsp;({{abbr|2025|2025 forecast}})<ref name="IMF DataMapper" />
* {{Increase}} 2.8%&nbsp;({{abbr|2025|2025 forecast}})<ref name="IMF DataMapper" />
* {{Increase}} 2.6%&nbsp;({{abbr|2026f|2025 forecast}})<ref name="IMF DataMapper" />
* {{Increase}} 2.6%&nbsp;({{abbr|2026f|2025 forecast}})<ref name="IMF DataMapper" />
}}
}}
| per capita = {{plainlist|
| per capita = {{plainlist|
* {{Decrease}} $8,840 (nominal; {{abbr|2025|2025 forecast}})<ref name="IMF DataMapper"/>
* {{Decrease}} $10,840 (nominal; {{abbr|2025|2026 forecast}})<ref name="IMF DataMapper"/>
* {{increase}} $24,910 (PPP; {{abbr|2025|2025 forecast}})<ref name="IMF DataMapper"/>  
* {{increase}} $24,910 (PPP; {{abbr|2025|2025 forecast}})<ref name="IMF DataMapper"/>  
}}
}}
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| gini =  
| gini =  
| labor = 771,230 (2023 est.)
| labor = 771,230 (2023 est.)
| occupations = agriculture: 60%; industry: 15%; services: 25% (2000 est.)<ref name="CIAWFAO">https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/gabon/</ref>
| occupations = agriculture: 60%; industry: 15%; services: 25% (2000 est.)<ref name="CIAWFAO">{{cite web | title=Gabon | url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/gabon/ | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260118145830/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/gabon/ | url-status=dead | archive-date=18 January 2026 }}</ref>
| unemployment = 20.36% (2023 est.)
| unemployment = 20.36% (2023 est.)
| average gross salary =  
| average gross salary =  
| average net salary =  
| average net salary =  
| industries = petroleum extraction and refining; manganese, gold; chemicals, ship repair, food and beverages, textiles, lumbering and plywood, cement<ref name="CIAWFAO"/>
| industries = petroleum extraction and refining; manganese, gold; chemicals, ship repair, food and beverages, textiles, lumbering and plywood, cement<ref name="CIAWFAO"/>
| edbr = {{steady}} [[Ease of doing business index#Ranking|169th (below average, 2020)]]<ref name="World Bank and International Financial Corporation">{{cite web |url=http://www.doingbusiness.org/data/exploreeconomies/gabon |title=Ease of Doing Business in Gabon |publisher=Doingbusiness.org |access-date=2017-01-24 }}</ref>
| exports = $12.935 billion (2022 est.)<ref name="CIAWFAO"/>
| exports = $12.935 billion (2022 est.)<ref name="CIAWFAO"/>
| export-goods = [[petroleum|crude oil]] 70%, [[lumber|timber]], [[manganese]]<ref name="CIAWFAO"/>
| export-goods = [[petroleum|crude oil]] 70%, [[lumber|timber]], [[manganese]]<ref name="CIAWFAO"/>
Line 68: Line 65:
*{{flag|United Arab Emirates}} 5%
*{{flag|United Arab Emirates}} 5%
*{{flag|United States}} 5%
*{{flag|United States}} 5%
*{{flag|Belgium}} 4% (2022 est.)<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/gabon/#economy  
*{{flag|Belgium}} 4% (2022 est.)<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/gabon/#economy
|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210109131603/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/gabon#economy
|url-status= dead
|archive-date= 9 January 2021
|title=Import Partners of Gabon|publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]]|year=2023|access-date=2023-08-30}}</ref>}}
|title=Import Partners of Gabon|publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]]|year=2023|access-date=2023-08-30}}</ref>}}
| FDI =  
| FDI =  
| gross external debt = $6.06 billion (2022 est.)
| gross external debt = $6.06 billion (2022 est.)
| debt = 73.3% of GDP (2024 est.)
| debt = 73.3% of GDP (2024 est.)
| deficit =
| revenue = $2.939 billion (2021 est.)
| revenue = $2.939 billion (2021 est.)
| expenses = $2.732 billion (2021 est.)
| expenses = $2.732 billion (2021 est.)
Line 83: Line 82:
*BBB- (T&C Assessment)}}
*BBB- (T&C Assessment)}}
| reserves = $1.372 billion (2019 est.)
| reserves = $1.372 billion (2019 est.)
| cianame = gabon
| spelling =  
| spelling =  
}}The '''economy of Gabon''' is characterized by strong links with [[France]], large foreign investments, dependence on skilled foreign labor, and decline of agriculture.<ref name = Britannica>{{cite web | title = Gabon | url = https://www.britannica.com/place/Equatorial-Guinea/Economy | website = Encyclopaedia Britannica | access-date = 29 October 2019}}</ref> [[Gabon]] on paper enjoys a [[per capita income]] four times that of most nations of [[List of African countries by GDP (PPP) per capita|Africa]], but its reliance on resource extraction industry fail to release much of the population from [[extreme poverty]], as much of 30% of the population lives under the poverty threshold (Many Foreign Guest Workers). [[Gabon]] has a [[Free markets|free market economy]],<ref>https://bti-project.org/en/reports/country-report/GAB</ref> while other sources claim that [[Gabon]] has a [[Mixed economy|mixed economic system]] with a heavy reliance on oil, combined with relatively weak centralized economic planning and government regulation.<ref>https://globaledge.msu.edu/countries/gabon</ref><ref>https://globaledge.msu.edu/blog/post/57283/shocking-coup-shakes-gabon--how-businesses-can-thrive-amidst-chaos</ref>
}}
 
[[Gabon]] has a [[Developing country|developing economy]]. It is characterized by strong links with [[France]], large foreign investments, dependence on skilled foreign labor, and decline of agriculture.<ref name = Britannica>{{cite web | title = Gabon | url = https://www.britannica.com/place/Equatorial-Guinea/Economy | website = Encyclopaedia Britannica | access-date = 29 October 2019}}</ref> It has a [[per capita income]] four times that of most nations of [[List of African countries by GDP (PPP) per capita|Africa]], but its reliance on resource extraction industry fail to release much of the population from [[extreme poverty]], as much as 30% of the population lives under the poverty threshold (Many Foreign Guest Workers). Gabon had a [[Free markets|free market economy]] from the 1990s,<ref>{{cite web | title=BTI 2024 Gabon Country Report | url=https://bti-project.org/en/reports/country-report/GAB }}</ref> other sources claim that Gabon had a [[Mixed economy|mixed economic system]] with a heavy reliance on oil, combined with relatively weak centralized economic planning and government regulation.<ref>{{cite web | title=Gabon: Introduction | url=https://globaledge.msu.edu/countries/gabon }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Shocking Coup Shakes Gabon: How Businesses Can Thrive Amidst Chaos | date=6 September 2023 | url=https://globaledge.msu.edu/blog/post/57283/shocking-coup-shakes-gabon--how-businesses-can-thrive-amidst-chaos }}</ref> Current [[President of Gabon|President]] [[Brice Clotaire Oligui Nguema]] advocated until mid 2025 for a [[free market]] [[economy system]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=BTI 2026 Gabon Länderbericht |url=https://bti-project.org/de/reports/country-report?isocode=GAB&cHash=eae9f2fc74272434ce4c6ee82124d89e |access-date=2026-05-17 |website=BTI 2026 |language=de}}</ref> from then to now, Oligui embraces [[economic nationalism]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lembet |first=Henriette |date=2025-04-11 |title=Présidentielle 2025 : Oligui Nguema, une ambition claire pour refonder l’État et libérer le potentiel économique du Gabon |url=https://gabonmediatime.com/presidentielle-2025-oligui-nguema-une-ambition-claire-pour-refonder-letat-et-liberer-le-potentiel-economique-du-gabon/ |access-date=2026-05-17 |website=Gabon Media Time |language=fr-FR}}</ref> which shows in his support of [[nationalization]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-08-31 |title=Brice Oligui Nguema: Gabon's coup leader who stormed to election victory |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66671044 |access-date=2026-05-17 |language=en-GB}}</ref>


==Resources==
==Resources==
{{See also|Energy in Gabon}}
The country is rich in natural resources such as timber, [[manganese]] and oil. The country is the fifth largest oil producing nation in Africa, which has helped drive its strong growth in the later 20th century.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Overview |url=https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/gabon/overview |access-date=2022-06-29 |website=World Bank |language=en}}</ref>
The country is rich in natural resources such as timber, [[manganese]] and oil. The country is the fifth largest oil producing nation in Africa, which has helped drive its strong growth in the later 20th century.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Overview |url=https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/gabon/overview |access-date=2022-06-29 |website=World Bank |language=en}}</ref>


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==Statistics==
==Statistics==
'''GDP - composition by sector:'''
'''GDP - composition by sector:'''
<br>''agriculture:''
<br />''agriculture:''
5.7%
5.7%
<br>''industry:''
<br />''industry:''
57.2%
53,53%
<br>''services:''
<br />''services:''
37% (2008 est.)
37% (2008 est.)


Line 111: Line 112:


'''Household income or consumption by percentage share:'''
'''Household income or consumption by percentage share:'''
<br>''lowest 10%:''
<br />''lowest 10%:''
NA%
NA%
<br>''highest 10%:''
<br />''highest 10%:''
NA%
NA%


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'''Budget:'''
'''Budget:'''
<br>''revenues:''
<br />''revenues:''
$4.46 billion
$4.46 billion
<br>''expenditures:''
<br />''expenditures:''
$2.75 billion (2008 est.)
$2.75 billion (2008 est.)


Line 174: Line 175:


'''Electricity - production by source:'''
'''Electricity - production by source:'''
<br>''fossil fuel:''
<br />''fossil fuel:''
27.8%
27.8%
<br>''hydro:''
<br />''hydro:''
72.2%
72.2%
<br>''nuclear:''
<br />''nuclear:''
0%
0%
<br>''other:''
<br />''other:''
0% (1998)
0% (1998)


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'''Exchange rates:'''
'''Exchange rates:'''
Communauté financière africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 – 507.71 (2010), 472.19 (2009), 447.81 (2008), 481.83 (2007), 522.89 (2006), 647.25 (January 2000), 615.70 (1999), 589.95 (1998), 583.67 (1997), 511.55 (1996), 499.15 (1995)
Communauté financière africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 – 507.71 (2010), 472.19 (2009), 447.81 (2008), 481.83 (2007), 522.89 (2006), 647.25 (January 2000), 615.70 (1999), 589.95 (1998), 583.67 (1997), 511.55 (1996), 499.15 (1995)
<br>''note:''
<br />''note:''
since 1 January 1999, the CFAF is pegged to the euro at a rate of 655.957 CFA francs per euro
since 1 January 1999, the CFAF is pegged to the euro at a rate of 655.957 CFA francs per euro


== Statistics table ==
== Macroeconomic data ==
The following table shows the main economic indicators in 1980–2017.<ref>{{cite web|title=Report for Selected Countries and Subjects|url=https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=1980&ey=2023&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=646&s=NGDP_RPCH,PPPGDP,PPPPC,PCPIPCH,GGXWDG_NGDP&grp=0&a=&pr.x=26&pr.y=1|access-date=2018-09-05|language=en-US}}</ref>
The following table shows the main economic indicators in 1980–2026. Inflation below 5% is in green.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gabon |url=https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/profile/GAB |access-date=2026-04-25 |website=www.imf.org}}</ref>  
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;"
|- style="font-weight:bold;"
|- style="font-weight:bold;"
Line 217: Line 218:
!GDP
!GDP
(in bil. US$ nominal)
(in bil. US$ nominal)
! GDP growth<br />(real)
! GDP growth<br />(real, %)
! Inflation<br />(in Percent)
! Inflation<br />(%)
! Government debt<br />(Percentage of GDP)
! Government debt<br />(% of GDP)
|-
|1980
|5.9
|7947
|4.6
|{{Steady}}0.0
|{{IncreaseNegative}}12.3
|n/a
|-
|1985
|{{Increase}}8.7
|{{Increase}}10410
|{{Decrease}}3.7
|{{Increase}}5.8
|{{IncreaseNegative}}7.3
|n/a
|-
|1990
|{{Increase}}10.5
|{{Increase}}11335
|{{Increase}}6.3
|{{Increase}}5.1
|{{IncreaseNegative}}15.4
|{{IncreaseNegative}}90
|-
|1995
|{{Increase}}13.8
|{{Increase}}13000
|{{Decrease}}5.3
|{{Increase}}5.0
|{{IncreaseNegative}}9.6
|{{DecreasePositive}}73.4
|-
|2000
|{{Increase}}15.2
|{{Decrease}}12645
|{{Increase}}5.4
|{{Decrease}}-1.9
|{{Increase}}0.5
|{{DecreasePositive}}72.5
|-
|2005
|{{Increase}}18.6
|{{Increase}}13661
|{{Increase}}9.5
|{{Increase}}3.9
|{{Increase}}1.2
|{{DecreasePositive}}41.7
|-
|2006
|{{Decrease}}18.5
|{{Decrease}}13240
|{{Increase}}10.2
|{{Decrease}}-3.6
|{{Increase}}-1.4
|{{DecreasePositive}}34.9
|-
|2007
|{{Increase}}20.2
|{{Increase}}14059
|{{Increase}}12.5
|{{Increase}}6.5
|{{IncreaseNegative}}5.0
|{{IncreaseNegative}}39.2
|-
|-
| style="font-weight:bold;" | 1980
|2008
| 6.78
|{{Decrease}}20.0
| 9,056
|{{Decrease}}13387
|4.56
|{{Increase}}15.6
| ...
|{{Decrease}}-3.0
| 12.3%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}5.3
| ...
|{{DecreasePositive}}20.1
|-
|-
| style="font-weight:bold;" | 1985
|2009
| 9.89
|{{Decrease}}19.9
| 11,853
|{{Decrease}}12821
|3.74
|{{Decrease}}12.2
| 5.8%
|{{Decrease}}-1.2
| 7.3%
|{{Increase}}1.9
| ...
|{{IncreaseNegative}}26
|-
|-
| style="font-weight:bold;" | 1990
|2010
| 12.00
|{{Increase}}21.6
| 12,903
|{{Increase}}13424
|6.34
|{{Increase}}14.4
| 5.1%
|{{Increase}}7.4
| 15.4%
|{{Increase}}1.4
| 90%
|{{DecreasePositive}}21.3
|-
|-
| style="font-weight:bold;" | 1995
|2011
| 15.76
|{{Increase}}23.6
| 14,788
|{{Increase}}14135
|5.28
|{{Increase}}18.2
| 5.0%
|{{Increase}}7.1
| 9.6%
|{{Increase}}1.3
| 73%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}21.4
|-
|-
| style="font-weight:bold;" | 2000
|2012
| 17.35
|{{Increase}}25.3
| 14,395
|{{Increase}}14599
|5.40
|{{Decrease}}17.2
| −1.9%
|{{Increase}}5.3
| 0.5%
|{{Increase}}2.7
| 72%
|{{Steady}}21.4
|-
|-
| style="font-weight:bold;" | 2005
|2013
| 20.35
|{{Increase}}27.2
| 14,923
|{{Increase}}15078
|9.47
|{{Increase}}17.6
| −0.8%
|{{Increase}}5.5
| 1.2%
|{{Increase}}0.5
| 49%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}31.1
|-
|-
| style="font-weight:bold;" | 2006
|2014
| 20.58
|{{Increase}}28.9
| 14,720
|{{Increase}}15459
|10.16
|{{Increase}}18.2
| −1.9%
|{{Increase}}4.4
| −1.4%
|{{Increase}}4.5
| 40%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}34.1
|-
|-
| style="font-weight:bold;" | 2007
|2015
| 22.46
|{{Increase}}30.3
| 15,601
|{{Increase}}15689
|12.46
|{{Decrease}}14.4
| 6.3%
|{{Increase}}3.9
| −1.0%
|{{Increase}}-0.1
| 39%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}44.7
|-
|-
| style="font-weight:bold;" | 2008
|2016
| 23.30
|{{Increase}}31.2
| 15,590
|{{Increase}}15764
|15.57
|{{Decrease}}14.0
| 1.7%
|{{Increase}}2.1
| −5.3%
|{{Increase}}2.1
| 20%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}64.5
|-
|-
| style="font-weight:bold;" | 2009
|2017
| 22.94
|{{Increase}}31.9
| 14,789
|{{Decrease}}15761
|12.19
|{{Increase}}14.9
| −2.3%
|{{Increase}}0.5
| 1.9%
|{{Increase}}2.7
| 26%
|{{DecreasePositive}}62.9
|-
|-
| style="font-weight:bold;" | 2010
|2018
| 24.68
|{{Increase}}34.0
| 15,326
|{{Increase}}16587
|14.38
|{{Increase}}16.8
| 6.3%
|{{Increase}}0.9
| 1.4%
|{{Increase}}4.8
| 21%
|{{DecreasePositive}}62.3
|-
|-
| style="font-weight:bold;" | 2011
|2019
| 26.97
|{{Increase}}36.2
| 16,138
|{{Increase}}17385
|18.21
|{{Increase}}16.9
| 7.1%
|{{Increase}}3.8
| 1.3%
|{{Increase}}2.0
| 21%
|{{DecreasePositive}}59.8
|-
|-
| style="font-weight:bold;" | 2012
|2020
| 28.91
|{{Decrease}}33.6
| 16,665
|{{Decrease}}15952
|17.18
|{{Decrease}}15.4
| 5.3%
|{{Decrease}}-1.8
| 2.7%
|{{Increase}}1.7
| 21%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}83
|-
|-
| style="font-weight:bold;" | 2013
|2021
| 31.00
|{{Increase}}44.0
| 17,196
|{{Increase}}20624
|17.60
|{{Increase}}19.5
| 5.5%
|{{Increase}}1.5
| 0.5%
|{{Increase}}1.1
| 31%
|{{DecreasePositive}}72.9
|-
|-
| style="font-weight:bold;" | 2014
|2022
| 32.96
|{{Increase}}48.6
| 18,020
|{{Increase}}22482
|18.21
|{{Increase}}20.5
| 4.4%
|{{Increase}}3.0
| 4.5%
|{{Increase}}4.3
| 34%
|{{DecreasePositive}}65.6
|-
|-
| style="font-weight:bold;" | 2015
|2023
| 34.61
|{{Increase}}51.6
| 18,655
|{{Increase}}23365
|14.39
|{{Decrease}}20.1
| 3.9%
|{{Increase}}2.4
| −0.1%
|{{Increase}}3.6
| 45%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}70.6
|-
|-
| style="font-weight:bold;" | 2016
|2024
| 35.78
|{{Increase}}54.7
| 19,017
|{{Increase}}24227
|14.02
|{{Increase}}20.9
| 2.1%
|{{Increase}}3.4
| 2.1%
|{{Increase}}1.2
| 64%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}70.9
|-
|-
| style="font-weight:bold;" | 2017
|2025
| 36.73
|{{Increase}}57.7
| 19,254
|{{Increase}}25000
|14.92
|{{Increase}}21.6
| 0.8%
|{{Increase}}2.5
| 3.0%
|{{Increase}}2.0
| 61%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}78.9
|-
|-
| style="font-weight:bold;" | 2018
|2026
| 40.78
|{{Increase}}60.9
| 20,123
|{{Increase}}25847
|16.83
|{{Increase}}23.4
| 0.4%
|{{Increase}}2.7
| 2.0%
|{{Increase}}2.5
| 62%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}86.1
|}
|}


Line 392: Line 457:
* [http://www.quickerticker.ga/ The Quicker Ticker- Gabon (in french)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212065357/http://www.quickerticker.ga/ |date=12 December 2013 }}
* [http://www.quickerticker.ga/ The Quicker Ticker- Gabon (in french)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212065357/http://www.quickerticker.ga/ |date=12 December 2013 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070329043025/http://www.legabon.org/ Legabon.org]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070329043025/http://www.legabon.org/ Legabon.org]
* [http://www.gaboneco.com Gaboneco.com]
* [https://www.gaboneco.com Gaboneco.com]


{{portal bar|Business and economics|Africa}}
{{portal bar|Business and economics|Africa}}

Latest revision as of 11:22, 17 May 2026

TemplateStyles' src attribute must not be empty.

Template:Infobox economy

Gabon has a developing economy. It is characterized by strong links with France, large foreign investments, dependence on skilled foreign labor, and decline of agriculture.[1] It has a per capita income four times that of most nations of Africa, but its reliance on resource extraction industry fail to release much of the population from extreme poverty, as much as 30% of the population lives under the poverty threshold (Many Foreign Guest Workers). Gabon had a free market economy from the 1990s,[2] other sources claim that Gabon had a mixed economic system with a heavy reliance on oil, combined with relatively weak centralized economic planning and government regulation.[3][4] Current President Brice Clotaire Oligui Nguema advocated until mid 2025 for a free market economy system,[5] from then to now, Oligui embraces economic nationalism,[6] which shows in his support of nationalization.[7]

Resources

See also: Energy in Gabon

The country is rich in natural resources such as timber, manganese and oil. The country is the fifth largest oil producing nation in Africa, which has helped drive its strong growth in the later 20th century.[8]

The oil sector now accounts for 50% of GDP and 80% of exports. Although there have been recent offshore finds,[9][10] oil production is now declining from its peak of 370,000 barrels per day (59,000 m3/d) in 1997, and periods of low oil prices have had a negative impact on government revenues and the economy. In 2012 there were six active oil rigs in Gabon.[11]

As of 2023, Gabon produces about 200,000 barrels a day (bpd) of crude oil.[12]

The government has plans to diversify its economy away from its dwindling oil reserves.[8] The government announced in 2012 that it would reassess exactly how much iron ore the Belinga site contains before awarding the concession to a mining company, most likely to be China's CMEC, which temporarily secured the rights to the ore in 2007.[13]

Around 80% of Gabonese live in cities. The capital city, Libreville is home to 59% of the total population. The remainder of the country is still sparsely populated, as those areas remain densely forested.[8]

Statistics

GDP - composition by sector:
agriculture: 5.7%
industry: 53,53%
services: 37% (2008 est.)

Population below poverty line: NA%

Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA%

Inflation rate (consumer prices): 5% (2008 est.)

Labour force: 592,000 (2008 est.)

Labour force - by occupation: agriculture 60%, services and government 25%, industry and commerce 15% (2000 est.)

Unemployment rate: 21% (2006 est.)

Budget:
revenues: $4.46 billion
expenditures: $2.75 billion (2008 est.)

Industries: food and beverage; textile; lumbering and plywood; cement; petroleum extraction and refining; manganese, uranium, and gold mining; chemical production; ship repair

Industrial production growth rate: 1.5% (2008)

Oil - production 244,000 bbl/d (38,800 m3/d) (2007 est.)

Oil - consumption 13,170 bbl/d (2,094 m3/d) (2007 est.)

Oil - exports 255,000 bbl/d (40,500 m3/d) (2005 est.)

Oil - imports 2,485 bbl/d (395.1 m3/d) (2005 est.)

Oil - proven reserves 2 billion barrels (320×10^6 m3) (1 January 2008 est.)

Natural gas - production 100 million cu m (2006 est.)

Natural gas - consumption 100 million cu m (2006 est.)

Natural gas - exports 0 cu m (2007 est.)

Natural gas - imports 0 cu m (2007 est.)

Natural gas - proven reserves 28.32 billion cu m (1 January 2008 est.)

Electricity - production: 1.671 TWh (2006 est.)

Electricity - production by source:
fossil fuel: 27.8%
hydro: 72.2%
nuclear: 0%
other: 0% (1998)

Electricity - consumption: 1.365 GWh (2006 est.)

Electricity - exports: 0 kWh (2006 est.)

Electricity - imports: 0 kWh (1998)

Agriculture - products: cocoa, coffee, sugar, palm oil, rubber; cattle; okoume (a tropical hardwood); fish

Current account - balance $591 million (2010 est.)

Currency: 1 Communauté financière africaine franc (CFAF) = 100 centimes

Exchange rates: Communauté financière africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 – 507.71 (2010), 472.19 (2009), 447.81 (2008), 481.83 (2007), 522.89 (2006), 647.25 (January 2000), 615.70 (1999), 589.95 (1998), 583.67 (1997), 511.55 (1996), 499.15 (1995)
note: since 1 January 1999, the CFAF is pegged to the euro at a rate of 655.957 CFA francs per euro

Macroeconomic data

The following table shows the main economic indicators in 1980–2026. Inflation below 5% is in green.[14]

Year GDP

(in bil. US$ PPP)

GDP per capita

(in US$ PPP)

GDP

(in bil. US$ nominal)

GDP growth
(real, %) 		Inflation
(%) 		Government debt
(% of GDP)
1980 5.9 7947 4.6 Steady0.0 Negative increase12.3 n/a
1985 Increase8.7 Increase10410 Decrease3.7 Increase5.8 Negative increase7.3 n/a
1990 Increase10.5 Increase11335 Increase6.3 Increase5.1 Negative increase15.4 Negative increase90
1995 Increase13.8 Increase13000 Decrease5.3 Increase5.0 Negative increase9.6 Template:DecreasePositive73.4
2000 Increase15.2 Decrease12645 Increase5.4 Decrease-1.9 Increase0.5 Template:DecreasePositive72.5
2005 Increase18.6 Increase13661 Increase9.5 Increase3.9 Increase1.2 Template:DecreasePositive41.7
2006 Decrease18.5 Decrease13240 Increase10.2 Decrease-3.6 Increase-1.4 Template:DecreasePositive34.9
2007 Increase20.2 Increase14059 Increase12.5 Increase6.5 Negative increase5.0 Negative increase39.2
2008 Decrease20.0 Decrease13387 Increase15.6 Decrease-3.0 Negative increase5.3 Template:DecreasePositive20.1
2009 Decrease19.9 Decrease12821 Decrease12.2 Decrease-1.2 Increase1.9 Negative increase26
2010 Increase21.6 Increase13424 Increase14.4 Increase7.4 Increase1.4 Template:DecreasePositive21.3
2011 Increase23.6 Increase14135 Increase18.2 Increase7.1 Increase1.3 Negative increase21.4
2012 Increase25.3 Increase14599 Decrease17.2 Increase5.3 Increase2.7 Steady21.4
2013 Increase27.2 Increase15078 Increase17.6 Increase5.5 Increase0.5 Negative increase31.1
2014 Increase28.9 Increase15459 Increase18.2 Increase4.4 Increase4.5 Negative increase34.1
2015 Increase30.3 Increase15689 Decrease14.4 Increase3.9 Increase-0.1 Negative increase44.7
2016 Increase31.2 Increase15764 Decrease14.0 Increase2.1 Increase2.1 Negative increase64.5
2017 Increase31.9 Decrease15761 Increase14.9 Increase0.5 Increase2.7 Template:DecreasePositive62.9
2018 Increase34.0 Increase16587 Increase16.8 Increase0.9 Increase4.8 Template:DecreasePositive62.3
2019 Increase36.2 Increase17385 Increase16.9 Increase3.8 Increase2.0 Template:DecreasePositive59.8
2020 Decrease33.6 Decrease15952 Decrease15.4 Decrease-1.8 Increase1.7 Negative increase83
2021 Increase44.0 Increase20624 Increase19.5 Increase1.5 Increase1.1 Template:DecreasePositive72.9
2022 Increase48.6 Increase22482 Increase20.5 Increase3.0 Increase4.3 Template:DecreasePositive65.6
2023 Increase51.6 Increase23365 Decrease20.1 Increase2.4 Increase3.6 Negative increase70.6
2024 Increase54.7 Increase24227 Increase20.9 Increase3.4 Increase1.2 Negative increase70.9
2025 Increase57.7 Increase25000 Increase21.6 Increase2.5 Increase2.0 Negative increase78.9
2026 Increase60.9 Increase25847 Increase23.4 Increase2.7 Increase2.5 Negative increase86.1

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Gabon". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
  2. ↑ "BTI 2024 Gabon Country Report".
  3. ↑ "Gabon: Introduction".
  4. ↑ "Shocking Coup Shakes Gabon: How Businesses Can Thrive Amidst Chaos". 6 September 2023.
  5. ↑ "BTI 2026 Gabon Länderbericht". BTI 2026 (in German). Retrieved 17 May 2026.
  6. ↑ Lembet, Henriette (11 April 2025). "Présidentielle 2025 : Oligui Nguema, une ambition claire pour refonder l'État et libérer le potentiel économique du Gabon". Gabon Media Time (in French). Retrieved 17 May 2026.
  7. ↑ "Brice Oligui Nguema: Gabon's coup leader who stormed to election victory". 31 August 2023. Retrieved 17 May 2026.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 "Overview". World Bank. Retrieved 29 June 2022.
  9. ↑ Pura Vida Energy (6 March 2013). "20.0 MM[million]BO CONTINGENT RESOURCE AT LOBA M 1 DISCOVERY OFFSHORE GABON, WEST AFRICA". AAPG Bulletin. 71 (10): 190–225. doi:10.1306/703C817D-1707-11D7-8645000102C1865D.
  10. ↑ "Gabon: FirstAfrica completes offshore EOV development drilling program". 9 September 2006.
  11. ↑ Geological Survey (2015). Minerals Yearbook - Area Reports; International Review: 2012 Africa and the Middle East. Government Printing Office. ISBN 978-1411336773 – via Google Books.
  12. ↑ Bousso, Ron (30 August 2023). "Gabon's Assala Energy says oil production unaffected by coup". Reuters. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  13. ↑ Reuters, "Gabon's Belinga iron-ore deal to be awarded as late as 2014", Mining Weekly (30 August 2012)
  14. ↑ "Gabon". www.imf.org. Retrieved 25 April 2026.

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