Glottis: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
imported>Srich32977 via not needed with template |
imported>Lcporschen m vocal cords consistently |
||
| Line 5: | Line 5: | ||
| Name = Glottis | | Name = Glottis | ||
| Latin = | | Latin = | ||
| Image = | | Image = | ||
| Caption = | | Caption = | ||
| Width = | | Width = | ||
| Precursor = | | Precursor = | ||
| System = | | System = | ||
| Line 17: | Line 15: | ||
| Lymph = | | Lymph = | ||
}} | }} | ||
The '''glottis''' ({{plural form}}: '''glottises''' or '''glottides''') is the | The '''glottis''' ({{plural form}}: '''glottises''' or '''glottides''') is the middle region of the larynx, where the [[vocal folds|vocal cords]] are located.<ref> {{cite web |author=NCI dictionary |url= https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/glottis |title=Definition of glottis}}</ref> Within this region is the opening between the vocal cords<ref>Ladefoged, Peter. 2006. A course in Phonetics. UCLA.</ref> (the [[rima glottidis]]).<ref>{{cite book |author=WebMD |chapter=glottis |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t8UfI3BH78wC&pg=PA178 |page=178 |year=2009 |title=Webster's New World Medical Dictionary |edition=3rd |publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt |isbn=978-0-544-18897-6}}</ref> The glottis is crucial in producing sound from the vocal cords.<ref>{{cite book |title=Anatomy & Physiology |vauthors=Saladin K |date=2015 |publisher=McGraw Hill |isbn=978-0-07-340371-7 |edition=7th |page=854}}</ref> | ||
==Etymology== | ==Etymology== | ||
| Line 25: | Line 23: | ||
===Phonation=== | ===Phonation=== | ||
{{Main|Phonation}} | {{Main|Phonation}} | ||
As the vocal | As the vocal cords vibrate, the resulting vibration produces a "buzzing" quality to the speech, called ''[[Voice (phonetics)|voice]]'' or ''voicing'' or ''pronunciation''. | ||
Sound production that involves moving the vocal | Sound production that involves moving the vocal cords close together is called ''glottal''.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Introductory Phonology|last=Hayes|first=Bruce|publisher=Wiley-Blackwell|year=2009|isbn=978-1-4051-8411-3|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryphon00haye}}</ref> English has a [[Voiceless glottal fricative|voiceless glottal transition]] spelled "h". This sound is produced by keeping the vocal cords spread somewhat, resulting in non-turbulent airflow through the glottis.<ref name=":0" /> In many accents of English the [[glottal stop]] (made by pressing the cords together) is used as a variant [[allophone]] of the phoneme {{IPA|/t/}} (and in some dialects, occasionally of {{IPA|/k/}} and {{IPA|/p/}}); in some languages, this sound is a [[phoneme]] of its own. | ||
Skilled players of the Australian [[didgeridoo]] restrict their glottal opening in order to produce the full range of [[Timbre|timbres]] available on the instrument.<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1038/43639a |pmid=16001056 |title=Acoustics: The vocal tract and the sound of a didgeridoo |journal=Nature |volume=436 |issue=7047 |pages=39 |year=2005 |last1=Tarnopolsky |first1=Alex |last2=Fletcher |first2=Neville |last3=Hollenberg |first3=Lloyd |last4=Lange |first4=Benjamin |last5=Smith |first5=John |last6=Wolfe |first6=Joe |bibcode=2005Natur.436...39T |url=https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/82233/8/01_Fletcher_Vocal_Tract_2005.pdf |hdl=1885/125584 |s2cid=4395889 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> | Skilled players of the Australian [[didgeridoo]] restrict their glottal opening in order to produce the full range of [[Timbre|timbres]] available on the instrument.<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1038/43639a |pmid=16001056 |title=Acoustics: The vocal tract and the sound of a didgeridoo |journal=Nature |volume=436 |issue=7047 |pages=39 |year=2005 |last1=Tarnopolsky |first1=Alex |last2=Fletcher |first2=Neville |last3=Hollenberg |first3=Lloyd |last4=Lange |first4=Benjamin |last5=Smith |first5=John |last6=Wolfe |first6=Joe |bibcode=2005Natur.436...39T |url=https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/82233/8/01_Fletcher_Vocal_Tract_2005.pdf |hdl=1885/125584 |s2cid=4395889 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> | ||
The vibration produced is an essential component of ''voiced'' [[consonant]]s as well as [[vowel]]s. If the vocal | The vibration produced is an essential component of ''voiced'' [[consonant]]s as well as [[vowel]]s. If the vocal cords are drawn apart, air flows between them causing no vibration, as in the production of voiceless consonants.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=De'Ath |first=Leslie |date=2016 |title=Linguistics and Lyric Diction - A Personal Retrospective and a Selective Glossary |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/1774332500 |journal=Journal of Singing |volume=72 |issue=4 |pages=465–474 |id={{ProQuest|1774332500}}}}</ref> | ||
The glottis is also important in the [[Valsalva maneuver]]. | The glottis is also important in the [[Valsalva maneuver]]. | ||
* Voiced consonants include {{IPA|/v/, /z/, /ʒ/, /d͡ʒ/, /ð/, /b/, /d/, /ɡ/, /w/.}} | * Voiced consonants include {{IPA|/v/, /z/, /ʒ/, /d͡ʒ/, /ð/, /b/, /d/, /ɡ/, /w/.}} | ||
* Voiceless consonants include {{IPA|/f/, /s/, /ʃ/, /t͡ʃ/, /θ/, /p/, /t/, /k/, /ʍ/, and /h/.}} | * Voiceless consonants include {{IPA|/f/, /s/, /ʃ/, /t͡ʃ/, /θ/, /p/, /t/, /k/, /ʍ/, and /h/.}} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 20:37, 7 May 2026
Template:Infobox anatomy The glottis (Template:Plural form: glottises or glottides) is the middle region of the larynx, where the vocal cords are located.[1] Within this region is the opening between the vocal cords[2] (the rima glottidis).[3] The glottis is crucial in producing sound from the vocal cords.[4]
Etymology
From Ancient Greek γλωττίς (glōttís), derived from γλῶττα (glôtta), variant of γλῶσσα (glôssa, "tongue").[5]
Function
Phonation
As the vocal cords vibrate, the resulting vibration produces a "buzzing" quality to the speech, called voice or voicing or pronunciation.
Sound production that involves moving the vocal cords close together is called glottal.[6] English has a voiceless glottal transition spelled "h". This sound is produced by keeping the vocal cords spread somewhat, resulting in non-turbulent airflow through the glottis.[6] In many accents of English the glottal stop (made by pressing the cords together) is used as a variant allophone of the phoneme /t/ (and in some dialects, occasionally of /k/ and /p/); in some languages, this sound is a phoneme of its own.
Skilled players of the Australian didgeridoo restrict their glottal opening in order to produce the full range of timbres available on the instrument.[7]
The vibration produced is an essential component of voiced consonants as well as vowels. If the vocal cords are drawn apart, air flows between them causing no vibration, as in the production of voiceless consonants.[8]
The glottis is also important in the Valsalva maneuver.
- Voiced consonants include /v/, /z/, /ʒ/, /d͡ʒ/, /ð/, /b/, /d/, /ɡ/, /w/.
- Voiceless consonants include /f/, /s/, /ʃ/, /t͡ʃ/, /θ/, /p/, /t/, /k/, /ʍ/, and /h/.
References
- ↑ NCI dictionary. "Definition of glottis".
- ↑ Ladefoged, Peter. 2006. A course in Phonetics. UCLA.
- ↑ WebMD (2009). "glottis". Webster's New World Medical Dictionary (3rd ed.). Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 178. ISBN 978-0-544-18897-6.
- ↑ Saladin K (2015). Anatomy & Physiology (7th ed.). McGraw Hill. p. 854. ISBN 978-0-07-340371-7.
- ↑ wikt:glottis
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Hayes, Bruce (2009). Introductory Phonology. Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 978-1-4051-8411-3.
- ↑ Tarnopolsky, Alex; Fletcher, Neville; Hollenberg, Lloyd; Lange, Benjamin; Smith, John; Wolfe, Joe (2005). "Acoustics: The vocal tract and the sound of a didgeridoo" (PDF). Nature. 436 (7047): 39. Bibcode:2005Natur.436...39T. doi:10.1038/43639a. hdl:1885/125584. PMID 16001056. S2CID 4395889.
- ↑ De'Ath, Leslie (2016). "Linguistics and Lyric Diction - A Personal Retrospective and a Selective Glossary". Journal of Singing. 72 (4): 465–474. Template:ProQuest.
External links
| File:Commons-logo.svg | Wikimedia Commons has media related to Glottis. |
- States of the Glottis (Esling & Harris, University of Victoria)
- Universität Stuttgart Speech production
- De Menezes Lyra, Roberto (1999). "Glottis Simulator". Anesthesia & Analgesia. 88 (6): 1422–3. doi:10.1213/00000539-199906000-00044. PMID 10357358.