IA-32: Difference between revisions
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imported>Guy Harris Undid revision 1290432792 by Ivan Stefanovski Student 2028 (talk) - Motorola has entered the chat. Also, we'd need a citation for "joint venture with AMD" (as opposed to "AMD gets to second-source the i386"). |
imported>Win11EnterpriseFan mNo edit summary |
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Within various [[programming language]] directives, IA-32 is still sometimes referred to as the "i386" architecture. In some other contexts, certain iterations of the IA-32 ISA are sometimes labelled ''i486'', ''i586'' and ''i686'', referring to the instruction [[superset]]s offered by the [[i486|80486]], the [[P5 (microarchitecture)|P5]] and the [[P6 (microarchitecture)|P6 microarchitectures]] respectively. These updates offered numerous additions alongside the base IA-32 set including [[X87|floating-point capabilities]] and the [[MMX (instruction set)|MMX extensions]]. | Within various [[programming language]] directives, IA-32 is still sometimes referred to as the "i386" architecture. In some other contexts, certain iterations of the IA-32 ISA are sometimes labelled ''i486'', ''i586'' and ''i686'', referring to the instruction [[superset]]s offered by the [[i486|80486]], the [[P5 (microarchitecture)|P5]] and the [[P6 (microarchitecture)|P6 microarchitectures]] respectively. These updates offered numerous additions alongside the base IA-32 set including [[X87|floating-point capabilities]] and the [[MMX (instruction set)|MMX extensions]]. | ||
Intel was historically the largest manufacturer of IA-32 processors, with the second biggest supplier having been [[Advanced Micro Devices|AMD]]. During the 1990s, [[VIA Technologies|VIA]], [[Transmeta]] and other chip manufacturers also produced IA-32 compatible processors (e.g. [[WinChip]]). In the modern era, Intel still produced IA-32 processors under the [[Intel Quark]] [[microcontroller]] platform until 2019; however, since the 2000s, the majority of manufacturers (Intel included) moved almost exclusively to implementing CPUs based on the 64-bit variant of x86, [[x86-64]]. x86-64, by specification, offers legacy operating modes that operate on the IA-32 ISA for backwards compatibility. Even given the contemporary prevalence of x86-64, as of today, IA-32 protected mode versions of many modern operating systems are still maintained, e.g. [[Microsoft Windows]] ( | Intel was historically the largest manufacturer of IA-32 processors, with the second biggest supplier having been [[Advanced Micro Devices|AMD]]. During the 1990s, [[VIA Technologies|VIA]], [[Transmeta]] and other chip manufacturers also produced IA-32 compatible processors (e.g. [[WinChip]]). In the modern era, Intel still produced IA-32 processors under the [[Intel Quark]] [[microcontroller]] platform until 2019; however, since the 2000s, the majority of manufacturers (Intel included) moved almost exclusively to implementing CPUs based on the 64-bit variant of x86, [[x86-64]]. x86-64, by specification, offers legacy operating modes that operate on the IA-32 ISA for backwards compatibility. Even given the contemporary prevalence of x86-64, as of today, IA-32 protected mode versions of many modern operating systems are still maintained, e.g. [[Microsoft Windows]] (up to [[Windows 10]]),<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/windows-10-specifications#primaryR2|title=Windows 10 System Requirements & Specifications {{!}} Microsoft|website=www.microsoft.com|language=en-us|access-date=August 20, 2018|archive-date=May 1, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180501190351/https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/windows-10-specifications#primaryR2|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Windows Server]] (up to [[Windows Server 2008]])<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://betanews.com/2007/05/16/windows-server-2008-the-last-32-bit-operating-system/|title=Windows Server 2008 'The Last 32-bit Operating System'|author=Scott M. Fulton, III|website=BetaNews|date=May 16, 2007|access-date=April 1, 2023|archive-date=April 1, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230401164555/https://betanews.com/2007/05/16/windows-server-2008-the-last-32-bit-operating-system/|url-status=live}}</ref> and the [[Debian]] [[Linux]] distribution.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.debian.org/ports/i386/|title=Debian GNU/Linux on x86 Machines|access-date=August 20, 2020|archive-date=April 28, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190428051247/https://www.debian.org/ports/i386/|url-status=live}}</ref> In spite of IA-32's name (and causing some potential confusion), the 64-bit evolution of x86 that originated out of AMD would not be known as "IA-64", that name instead belonging to Intel's discontinued [[IA-64|Itanium architecture]]. | ||
== Architectural features == | == Architectural features == | ||