Glissando: Difference between revisions

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[[Organ (music)|Organ]] players—particularly in contemporary music—sometimes employ an effect known as the palm glissando, where over the course of the glissando the flat of the hand is used to depress a wide area of keys simultaneously, resulting in a dramatic [[Atonality|atonal]] sweep.{{Citation needed|date=February 2020}}

A similar device on the piano is cluster-glissandos, used extensively by [[Karlheinz Stockhausen]] in ''[[Klavierstücke (Stockhausen)#Klavierstück X|Klavierstück X]]'', and which "more than anything else, lend the work its unique aural flavour".<ref>[[Joscelyn Godwin|Godwin, Joscelyn]]. "Karlheinz Stockhausen: Nr. 4, ''Klavierstück X''" (review). ''[[Notes (journal)|Notes]]'', second series, 25, no. 2 (December): ~~332–33~~. Citation on 333.</ref> On a harp, the player can slide their finger across the strings, quickly playing the scale (or on pedal harp even [[arpeggio]]s such as C{{music|flat}}~~-D-E~~{{music|sharp}}~~-F-G~~{{music|sharp}}-A{{music|flat}}-B). [[Wind instrument|Wind]], [[Brass instrument|brass]], and fretted-stringed-instrument players can perform an extremely rapid chromatic scale (e.g., sliding up or down a string quickly on a fretted instrument).

A similar device on the piano is cluster-glissandos, used extensively by [[Karlheinz Stockhausen]] in ''[[Klavierstücke (Stockhausen)#Klavierstück X|Klavierstück X]]'', and which "more than anything else, lend the work its unique aural flavour".<ref>[[Joscelyn Godwin|Godwin, Joscelyn]]. "Karlheinz Stockhausen: Nr. 4, ''Klavierstück X''" (review). ''[[Notes (journal)|Notes]]'', second series, 25, no. 2 (December): 332–333. Citation on 333.</ref> On a harp, the player can slide their finger across the strings, quickly playing the scale (or on pedal harp even [[arpeggio]]s such as C{{music|flat}}–D–E{{music|sharp}}–F–G{{music|sharp}}–A{{music|flat}}–B). [[Wind instrument|Wind]], [[Brass instrument|brass]], and fretted-stringed-instrument players can perform an extremely rapid chromatic scale (e.g., sliding up or down a string quickly on a fretted instrument).

Arpeggio effects (likewise named glissando) are also obtained by bowed strings (playing [[Harmonic#Harmonics on stringed instruments|harmonics]]) and brass, especially the [[French horn|horn]].<ref>Del Mar, Norman: ''Anatomy of the Orchestra'' (University of California Press 1981). String harmonic glissandi are discussed pp. ~~132-33~~; horn glissandi pp. ~~252-254~~</ref>

Arpeggio effects (likewise named glissando) are also obtained by bowed strings (playing [[Harmonic#Harmonics on stringed instruments|harmonics]]) and brass, especially the [[French horn|horn]].<ref>Del Mar, Norman: ''Anatomy of the Orchestra'' (University of California Press 1981). String harmonic glissandi are discussed pp. 132–133; horn glissandi pp. 252–254</ref>

==Continuous glissando ==

[[File:Posaune Glissando Wiki Loves Music 2017.webm|thumb|A trombone playing a glissando]]

[[Musical instrument]]s with [[:Category:Continuous pitch instruments|continuously variable pitch]] are capable of continuous glissando, sometimes called [[portamento]], over a substantial range. These include unfretted [[chordophones]] (such as the [[violin]], [[viola]], [[cello]] and [[double bass]], and [[fretless guitar]]s), stringed instruments with a way of stretching the strings (such as the [[guitar]], [[veena]], [[sitar]] or [[pipa]]), a fretted guitar or [[lap steel guitar]] when accompanied with the use of a slide, wind instruments without valves or stops (such as the [[trombone]] or [[slide whistle]]), [[timpani]] (kettledrums), electronic instruments (such as the [[theremin]], the [[ondes Martenot]], [[synthesizer]]s and [[keytar]]s), the [[water organ]], and the [[human voice]].

[[Musical instrument]]s with [[:Category:Continuous pitch instruments|continuously variable pitch]] are capable of continuous glissando, sometimes called [[portamento]], over a substantial range. These include unfretted [[chordophones]] (such as the [[violin]], [[viola]], [[cello]] and [[double bass]], and [[fretless guitar]]s), stringed instruments with a way of stretching the strings (such as the [[guitar]], [[veena]], [[sitar]] or [[pipa]]), a fretted guitar or [[lap steel guitar]] when accompanied with the use of a slide, wind instruments without valves or stops (such as the [[trombone]] or [[slide whistle]]), [[timpani]] (kettledrums), electronic instruments (such as the [[theremin]], the [[ondes Martenot]], [[synthesizer]]s and [[keytar]]s), the [[water organ]], the [[musical saw]], and the [[human voice]].

Wind instruments can effect a similar limited slide by altering the lip pressure (on [[trumpet]], for example) or a combination of [[embouchure]] and rolling the head joint (as on the flute), while others such as the [[clarinet]] can achieve this by slowly dragging fingers off tone holes or changing the oral cavity's resonance by manipulating tongue position, [[embouchure]], and throat shaping.<ref name=Chen>{{cite web|last=Chen|first=Jer Ming|title=How to play the first bar of Rhapsody in Blue|url=http://www.acoustics.org/press/155th/chen.htm|publisher=Music Acoustics, School of Physics, UNSW|access-date=28 April 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130425041259/http://www.acoustics.org/press/155th/chen.htm|archive-date=25 April 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref>

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==Bent note==

~~{{more citations needed section|auto=yes|date=December 2009}}~~

A '''bent note''' is a [[musical note]] that is varied in [[Pitch (music)|pitch]]. With [[Fret|unfretted]] strings or other continuous-pitch instruments such as the [[trombone]], or with the human [[Vocal music|voice]], such variation is more properly described in terms of [[Intonation (music)|intonation]]. A note is commonly bent to a higher pitch on fretted instruments literally by bending the string with excess finger pressure, and to a lower pitch on [[harmonica]] (a [[Free reed aerophone|free-reed aerophone]]) by altering the vocal tract to shift the resonance of the reed.<ref>Bahnson, Henry T., James F. Antaki, and Quinter C. Beery. "Acoustical and physical dynamics of the diatonic harmonica." The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 103.4 (1998): 2134-2144.</ref> On brass instruments such as the trumpet, the note is bent by using the lip. "[[indefinite pitch|Indeterminately pitched instruments]] [such as [[unpitched percussion instrument]]s and friction [[drum roll]]s]...produce a pitch or pitch spectrum that becomes higher with an increase of [[dynamics (music)|dynamic]] and lower with a decrease of dynamic."<ref>Solomon, Samuel Z. (2016). ''How to Write for Percussion: A Comprehensive Guide to Percussion Composition'', p.246. Oxford University. {{ISBN|9780199920358}}.</ref>

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*[[Bend (guitar)]]

*[[Blue note]]

*[[Deep Note]]

*[[Fretless guitar]]

*[[Fretless bass]]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Short description|Glide between pitches}}
 {{for|the 1982 Romanian film|Glissando (film)}}
+{{redirect|Fall off|the J. Cole album|The Fall-Off}}
 {{redirect|Gliss|the band|Gliss (band)}}
+{{refimprove|date=April 2026}}
 {{Image frame|content=<score lang="lilypond"> {
 \override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f
@@ Line 20: / Line 22: @@
 [[Organ (music)|Organ]] players—particularly in contemporary music—sometimes employ an effect known as the palm glissando, where over the course of the glissando the flat of the hand is used to depress a wide area of keys simultaneously, resulting in a dramatic [[Atonality|atonal]] sweep.{{Citation needed|date=February 2020}}
-A similar device on the piano is cluster-glissandos, used extensively by [[Karlheinz Stockhausen]] in ''[[Klavierstücke (Stockhausen)#Klavierstück X|Klavierstück X]]'', and which "more than anything else, lend the work its unique aural flavour".<ref>[[Joscelyn Godwin|Godwin, Joscelyn]]. "Karlheinz Stockhausen: Nr. 4, ''Klavierstück X''" (review). ''[[Notes (journal)|Notes]]'', second series, 25, no. 2 (December): 332–33. Citation on 333.</ref> On a harp, the player can slide their finger across the strings, quickly playing the scale (or on pedal harp even [[arpeggio]]s such as C{{music|flat}}-D-E{{music|sharp}}-F-G{{music|sharp}}-A{{music|flat}}-B). [[Wind instrument|Wind]], [[Brass instrument|brass]], and fretted-stringed-instrument players can perform an extremely rapid chromatic scale (e.g., sliding up or down a string quickly on a fretted instrument).
+A similar device on the piano is cluster-glissandos, used extensively by [[Karlheinz Stockhausen]] in ''[[Klavierstücke (Stockhausen)#Klavierstück X|Klavierstück X]]'', and which "more than anything else, lend the work its unique aural flavour".<ref>[[Joscelyn Godwin|Godwin, Joscelyn]]. "Karlheinz Stockhausen: Nr. 4, ''Klavierstück X''" (review). ''[[Notes (journal)|Notes]]'', second series, 25, no. 2 (December): 332–333. Citation on 333.</ref> On a harp, the player can slide their finger across the strings, quickly playing the scale (or on pedal harp even [[arpeggio]]s such as C{{music|flat}}–D–E{{music|sharp}}–F–G{{music|sharp}}–A{{music|flat}}–B). [[Wind instrument|Wind]], [[Brass instrument|brass]], and fretted-stringed-instrument players can perform an extremely rapid chromatic scale (e.g., sliding up or down a string quickly on a fretted instrument).
-Arpeggio effects (likewise named glissando) are also obtained by bowed strings (playing [[Harmonic#Harmonics on stringed instruments|harmonics]]) and brass, especially the [[French horn|horn]].<ref>Del Mar, Norman: ''Anatomy of the Orchestra'' (University of California Press 1981). String harmonic glissandi are discussed pp. 132-33; horn glissandi pp. 252-254</ref>
+Arpeggio effects (likewise named glissando) are also obtained by bowed strings (playing [[Harmonic#Harmonics on stringed instruments|harmonics]]) and brass, especially the [[French horn|horn]].<ref>Del Mar, Norman: ''Anatomy of the Orchestra'' (University of California Press 1981). String harmonic glissandi are discussed pp. 132–133; horn glissandi pp. 252–254</ref>
 ==Continuous glissando ==
 [[File:Posaune Glissando Wiki Loves Music 2017.webm|thumb|A trombone playing a glissando]]
-[[Musical instrument]]s with [[:Category:Continuous pitch instruments|continuously variable pitch]] are capable of continuous glissando, sometimes called [[portamento]], over a substantial range. These include unfretted [[chordophones]] (such as the [[violin]], [[viola]], [[cello]] and [[double bass]], and [[fretless guitar]]s), stringed instruments with a way of stretching the strings (such as the [[guitar]], [[veena]], [[sitar]] or [[pipa]]), a fretted guitar or [[lap steel guitar]] when accompanied with the use of a slide, wind instruments without valves or stops (such as the [[trombone]] or [[slide whistle]]), [[timpani]] (kettledrums), electronic instruments (such as the [[theremin]], the [[ondes Martenot]], [[synthesizer]]s and [[keytar]]s), the [[water organ]], and the [[human voice]].
+[[Musical instrument]]s with [[:Category:Continuous pitch instruments|continuously variable pitch]] are capable of continuous glissando, sometimes called [[portamento]], over a substantial range. These include unfretted [[chordophones]] (such as the [[violin]], [[viola]], [[cello]] and [[double bass]], and [[fretless guitar]]s), stringed instruments with a way of stretching the strings (such as the [[guitar]], [[veena]], [[sitar]] or [[pipa]]), a fretted guitar or [[lap steel guitar]] when accompanied with the use of a slide, wind instruments without valves or stops (such as the [[trombone]] or [[slide whistle]]), [[timpani]] (kettledrums), electronic instruments (such as the [[theremin]], the [[ondes Martenot]], [[synthesizer]]s and [[keytar]]s), the [[water organ]], the [[musical saw]], and the [[human voice]].
 Wind instruments can effect a similar limited slide by altering the lip pressure (on [[trumpet]], for example) or a combination of [[embouchure]] and rolling the head joint (as on the flute), while others such as the [[clarinet]] can achieve this by slowly dragging fingers off tone holes or changing the oral cavity's resonance by manipulating tongue position, [[embouchure]], and throat shaping.<ref name=Chen>{{cite web|last=Chen|first=Jer Ming|title=How to play the first bar of Rhapsody in Blue|url=http://www.acoustics.org/press/155th/chen.htm|publisher=Music Acoustics, School of Physics, UNSW|access-date=28 April 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130425041259/http://www.acoustics.org/press/155th/chen.htm|archive-date=25 April 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref>
@@ Line 37: / Line 39: @@
 ==Bent note==
 <!--[[Bent note]] and [[bent notes]] redirect directly here.-->
-{{more citations needed section|auto=yes|date=December 2009}}
 A '''bent note''' is a [[musical note]] that is varied in [[Pitch (music)|pitch]]. With [[Fret|unfretted]] strings or other continuous-pitch instruments such as the [[trombone]], or with the human [[Vocal music|voice]], such variation is more properly described in terms of [[Intonation (music)|intonation]]. A note is commonly bent to a higher pitch on fretted instruments literally by bending the string with excess finger pressure, and to a lower pitch on [[harmonica]] (a [[Free reed aerophone|free-reed aerophone]]) by altering the vocal tract to shift the resonance of the reed.<ref>Bahnson, Henry T., James F. Antaki, and Quinter C. Beery. "Acoustical and physical dynamics of the diatonic harmonica." The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 103.4 (1998): 2134-2144.</ref> On brass instruments such as the trumpet, the note is bent by using the lip. "[[indefinite pitch|Indeterminately pitched instruments]] [such as [[unpitched percussion instrument]]s and friction [[drum roll]]s]...produce a pitch or pitch spectrum that becomes higher with an increase of [[dynamics (music)|dynamic]] and lower with a decrease of dynamic."<ref>Solomon, Samuel Z. (2016). ''How to Write for Percussion: A Comprehensive Guide to Percussion Composition'', p.246. Oxford University. {{ISBN|9780199920358}}.</ref>
@@ Line 46: / Line 47: @@
 *[[Bend (guitar)]]
 *[[Blue note]]
+*[[Deep Note]]
 *[[Fretless guitar]]
 *[[Fretless bass]]

Glissando: Difference between revisions

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