IEEE 802.3: Difference between revisions

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{{about|the standards working group|Ethernet frame data format|Ethernet frame}}
{{about|the standards working group|Ethernet frame data format|Ethernet frame}}


'''IEEE 802.3''' is a [[working group]] and a collection of standards defining the [[physical layer]] and [[data link layer]]'s [[media access control]] (MAC) of wired [[Ethernet]]. The standards are produced by the working group of the [[Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers]] (IEEE). This set of standards generally applies to [[local area network]]s (LANs) and has some [[wide area network]] (WAN) applications. Physical connections are made between network nodes and, usually, various network infrastructure devices ([[Ethernet hub|hub]]s, [[Network switch|switches]], [[router (computing)|router]]s) by various types of copper cables or [[optical fiber]].
'''IEEE 802.3''' is a [[working group]] and a collection of standards defining the [[physical layer]] and [[data link layer]]'s [[media access control]] (MAC) of wired [[Ethernet]]. The standards are produced by the working group of the [[Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers]] (IEEE). This set of standards generally applies to [[local area network]]s (LANs) and [[metropolitan area network]]s.<ref>{{cite book |publisher=[[IEEE-SA]] |date=29 July 2022 |doi=10.1109/IEEESTD.2022.9844436 | url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=9844436|title=“IEEE Standard for Ethernet” in IEEE Std 802.3-2022 (Revision of IEEE Std 802.3-2018)|chapter=Introduction|page=167 }}</ref> It also has some applications to [[access networks]] and [[wide area network]] (WAN) applications. The international standard IEEE/ISO/IEC 8802-3-2021 was adopted from 802.3-2018.<ref>{{cite web |author=IEEE/ISO/IEC 8802-3-2021 |date= 24 Feb 2021|title=ISO/IEC/IEEE International Standard - Telecommunications and exchange between information technology systems--Requirements for local and metropolitan area networks--Part 3: Standard for Ethernet |url=https://standards.ieee.org/ieee/8802-3/10556/ |website=IEEE Standards Association  |publisher=IEEE |access-date=23 May 2026}}</ref>
 
Physical connections are made between network nodes and, usually, various network infrastructure devices ([[Ethernet hub|hub]]s, [[Network switch|switches]], [[router (computing)|router]]s) by various types of copper cables or [[optical fiber]].


802.3 standards support the [[IEEE 802.1]] network architecture.
802.3 standards support the [[IEEE 802.1]] network architecture.
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==Communication standards==
==Communication standards==
The IEEE 802 Local and Metropolitan Area Networks Committee was formed in 1980 to create a single standard for the lower layers of a local or metropolitan area network. At the time, there were three approaches to local area networking: IBM’s token ring, the DEC-Intel-Xerox Ethernet, and the token bus. Because the group could not agree on a single approach, three working groups were formed, 802.3 for Ethernet (called CSMA/CD), 802.4 for token bus, and 802.5 for token ring. An Ethernet network had already been implemented at Xerox Parc to connect Alto computers to a laser printer in 1973. In 1980, Digital, Intel, and Xerox published a “standard” called the DIX standard.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Digital Equipment Corporation |author2=Intel Corporation |author3=Xerox Corporation |title=The ethernet: a local area network: data link layer and physical layer specifications |journal=ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review |url=https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/1015591.1015594|date=July 1981 |volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=20–66 |doi=10.1145/1015591.1015594 |url-access=subscription }}</ref> In 1982, they published a second version.<ref>{{Cite report |url=http://decnet.ipv7.net/docs/dundas/aa-k759b-tk.pdf |title=The Ethernet, A Local Area Network. Data Link Layer and Physical Layer Specifications, Version 2.0 |date=November 1982 |author1=Digital Equipment Corporation |author2=Intel Corporation |author3=Xerox Corporation |publisher=Xerox Corporation |access-date=December 10, 2011 |archive-date=December 15, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111215224455/http://decnet.ipv7.net/docs/dundas/aa-k759b-tk.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> The first IEEE Standard for the CSMA/CD approach was based on the DIX standard.<ref>{{cite web |author=<!-- not stated --> |date=May 20, 2024 |title= Milestones:Origin of the IEEE 802 Family of Networking Standards, 1980-1999|url=https://ethw.org/Milestones:Origin_of_the_IEEE_802_Family_of_Networking_Standards,_1980-1999 |website=Engineering and Technology History Wiki |access-date=Jan 19, 2026}}</ref> The original IEEE standard for Ethernet was named
"IEEE Standards for Local Area Networks: Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) Access Method and Physical Layer Specifications” and subsequent standards were named similarly, until 2012 when it became simply “Standard for Ethernet”. This was because of sensitivities around using a commercial product as the basis for a standard.<ref name="Spurgeon 2000">{{cite book |title=Ethernet: The Definitive Guide |url=https://archive.org/details/ethernetdefiniti0000spur |url-access=registration |author=Charles E. Spurgeon |publisher=O'Reilly |isbn=978-1-56592-660-8 |year=2000}}</ref>
{{sticky header}}
{{sticky header}}
{| class="wikitable sortable sticky-header"
{| class="wikitable sortable sticky-header"
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!data-sort-type="number" | IEEE approval date
!data-sort-type="number" | IEEE approval date
!Description
!Description
|-
|Experimental<br />Ethernet
|1973{{Efn|developed at [[Xerox PARC]]}}<ref>{{cite web |url= http://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/search/object/nmah_687626 |title= Ethernet Prototype Circuit Board |publisher=Smithsonian National Museum of American History |access-date= 2014-10-31}}</ref>
|2.94&nbsp;[[Mbit/s]] (367&nbsp;[[kilobyte|kB]]/s) over a [[coaxial cable]] (coax) [[bus network|bus]]. A single-octet node address is unique only to an individual network.
|-
|Ethernet I<br />(DIX v1.0)
|1980-09{{Efn|name=DIX|published by DEC, Intel, Xerox PARC}}
| rowspan="2" |10&nbsp;Mbit/s (1.25&nbsp;[[megabyte|MB]]/s) over thick coax. Frames have a Type field. This frame format is used on all forms of Ethernet by protocols in the [[Internet protocol suite]]. Six-octet [[MAC address]].
|-
|Ethernet II<br />(DIX v2.0)
|1982-11{{Efn|name=DIX}}
|-
|-
|802.3-1985
|802.3-1985
|1983-06
|1983-06
|[[10BASE5]] 10&nbsp;Mbit/s (1.25&nbsp;MB/s) over thick coax. First edition of the IEEE 802.3 standard. Approved by IEEE in 1983, approved by ANSI in 1984, and published in 1985. Same as Ethernet&nbsp;II (above) except Type field is replaced by Length, and an [[IEEE 802.2|802.2]] LLC header follows the 802.3 header. Based on the [[CSMA/CD]] media access method.
|[[10BASE5]] {{nowrap|10 Mbit/s}} ({{nowrap|1.25 MB/s}}) over thick coax. First edition of the IEEE 802.3 standard. Approved by IEEE in 1983, approved by ANSI in 1984, and published in 1985. Same as Ethernet&nbsp;II (above) except Type field is replaced by Length, and an [[802.2]] LLC header follows the 802.3 header. Based on the [[CSMA/CD]] media access method.
|-
|-
|[[802.3a]]
|[[802.3a]]
|1985-11
|1985-11
|[[10BASE2]] 10&nbsp;Mbit/s (1.25&nbsp;MB/s) over thin coax (a.k.a. ''thinnet'' or ''cheapernet'')
|[[10BASE2]] {{nowrap|10 Mbit/s}} ({{nowrap|1.25 MB/s}}) over thin coax (a.k.a. ''thinnet'' or ''cheapernet'')
|-
|-
|[[802.3b]]
|[[802.3b]]
Line 40: Line 33:
|802.3c
|802.3c
|1985-12
|1985-12
|10&nbsp;Mbit/s (1.25&nbsp;MB/s) repeater specifications
|10&nbsp;Mbit/s ({{nowrap|1.25 MB/s}}) repeater specifications
|-
|-
|[[802.3d]]
|[[802.3d]]
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|[[802.3e]]
|[[802.3e]]
|1987-06
|1987-06
|[[1BASE5]] or [[StarLAN]], first use of (voice-grade) [[twisted pair]] cabling, 1&nbsp;Mbit/s, maximum reach of 250 to 500&nbsp;m
|[[1BASE5]] or [[StarLAN]], first use of (voice-grade) [[twisted pair]] cabling, {{nowrap|1 Mbit/s}}, maximum reach of 250 to 500&nbsp;m
|-
|-
|802.3h
|802.3h
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|[[802.3i]]
|[[802.3i]]
|1990-09
|1990-09
|[[10BASE-T]] 10&nbsp;Mbit/s (1.25&nbsp;MB/s) over twisted pair
|[[10BASE-T]] {{nowrap|10 Mbit/s}} ({{nowrap|1.25 MB/s}}) over twisted pair
|-
|-
|[[802.3j]]
|[[802.3j]]
|1992-09
|1992-09
|[[10BASE-F]] 10&nbsp;Mbit/s (1.25&nbsp;MB/s) over [[optical fiber]]
|[[10BASE-F]] {{nowrap|10 Mbit/s}} ({{nowrap|1.25 MB/s}}) over [[optical fiber]]
|-
|-
|802.3k
|802.3k
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|[[802.3u]]
|[[802.3u]]
|1995-06
|1995-06
|[[100BASE-TX]], [[100BASE-T4]], [[100BASE-FX]] Fast Ethernet at 100&nbsp;Mbit/s (12.5&nbsp;MB/s) with [[autonegotiation]]
|[[100BASE-TX]], [[100BASE-T4]], [[100BASE-FX]] Fast Ethernet at {{nowrap|100 Mbit/s}} ({{nowrap|12.5 MB/s}}) with [[autonegotiation]]
|-
|-
|802.3v
|802.3v
Line 98: Line 91:
|150&nbsp;Ω informative annex for 10BASE-T
|150&nbsp;Ω informative annex for 10BASE-T
|-
|-
|[[IEEE 802.3x|802.3x]]
|[[802.3x]]
|1997-03
|1997-03
|Full duplex and [[Ethernet flow control|flow control]]; also incorporates DIX framing, so there's no longer a DIX/802.3 split
|Full duplex and [[Ethernet flow control|flow control]]; also incorporates DIX framing, so there's no longer a DIX/802.3 split
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|[[802.3y]]
|[[802.3y]]
|1997-03
|1997-03
|[[100BASE-T2]] 100&nbsp;Mbit/s (12.5&nbsp;MB/s) over voice-grade twisted pair
|[[100BASE-T2]] {{nowrap|100 Mbit/s}} ({{nowrap|12.5 MB/s}}) over voice-grade twisted pair
|-
|-
|[[802.3z]]
|[[802.3z]]
|1998-06
|1998-06
|[[1000BASE-X]] 1&nbsp;Gbit/s (125&nbsp;MB/s) Ethernet over optical fiber
|[[1000BASE-X]] {{nowrap|1 Gbit/s}} ({{nowrap|125 MB/s}}) Ethernet over optical fiber
|-
|-
|802.3-1998
|802.3-1998
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|[[802.3ab]]
|[[802.3ab]]
|1999-06
|1999-06
|[[1000BASE-T]] 1&nbsp;Gbit/s (125&nbsp;MB/s) Ethernet over twisted pair
|[[1000BASE-T]] {{nowrap|1 Gbit/s}} ({{nowrap|125 MB/s}}) Ethernet over twisted pair
|-
|-
|[[802.3ac]]
|[[802.3ac]]
|1998-09
|1998-09
|Max frame size extended to 1522 bytes (to allow "Q-tag"). The Q-tag includes [[IEEE 802.1Q|802.1Q]] [[VLAN]] information and [[802.1p]] priority information.
|Max frame size extended to 1522 bytes (to allow "Q-tag"). The Q-tag includes [[802.1Q]] [[VLAN]] information and [[802.1p]] priority information.
|-
|-
|[[802.3ad]]
|[[802.3ad]]
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|[[802.3ak]]
|[[802.3ak]]
|2004-02
|2004-02
|[[10GBASE-CX4]] 10&nbsp;Gbit/s (1,250&nbsp;MB/s) Ethernet over [[twinaxial cable]]s
|[[10GBASE-CX4]] {{nowrap|10 Gbit/s}} ({{nowrap|1,250 MB/s}}) Ethernet over [[twinaxial cable]]s
|-
|-
|802.3-2005
|802.3-2005
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|[[802.3an]]
|[[802.3an]]
|2006-06
|2006-06
|[[10GBASE-T]] 10&nbsp;Gbit/s (1,250&nbsp;MB/s) Ethernet over unshielded twisted pair (UTP)
|[[10GBASE-T]] {{nowrap|10 Gbit/s}} ({{nowrap|1,250 MB/s}}) Ethernet over unshielded twisted pair (UTP)
|-
|-
|802.3ap
|802.3ap
|2007-03
|2007-03
|[[Backplane]] Ethernet (1 and 10&nbsp;Gbit/s (125 and 1,250&nbsp;MB/s) over [[printed circuit board]]s)
|[[Backplane]] Ethernet (1 and {{nowrap|10 Gbit/s}} (125 and {{nowrap|1,250 MB/s}}) over [[printed circuit board]]s)
|-
|-
|[[802.3aq]]
|[[802.3aq]]
|2006-09
|2006-09
|[[10GBASE-LRM]] 10&nbsp;Gbit/s (1,250&nbsp;MB/s) Ethernet over multimode fiber
|[[10GBASE-LRM]] {{nowrap|10 Gbit/s}} ({{nowrap|1,250 MB/s}}) Ethernet over multimode fiber
|-
|-
|P802.3ar
|P802.3ar
Line 200: Line 193:
|[[802.3ba]]
|[[802.3ba]]
|2010-06
|2010-06
|40&nbsp;Gbit/s and 100&nbsp;Gbit/s Ethernet. 40&nbsp;Gbit/s over a 1&nbsp;m backplane, 10&nbsp;m Cu cable assembly (4×25&nbsp;Gbit/s or 10×10&nbsp;Gbit/s lanes) and 100&nbsp;m of [[multi-mode optical fiber]], and 100&nbsp;Gbit/s over 10&nbsp;m of Cu cable assembly, 100&nbsp;m of multi-mode optical fiber and 40&nbsp;km of [[single-mode optical fiber]]
|40&nbsp;Gbit/s and {{nowrap|100 Gbit/s}} Ethernet. {{nowrap|40 Gbit/s}} over a 1&nbsp;m backplane, 10&nbsp;m Cu cable assembly (4×25&nbsp;Gbit/s or 10×10&nbsp;Gbit/s lanes) and 100&nbsp;m of [[multi-mode optical fiber]], and {{nowrap|100 Gbit/s}} over 10&nbsp;m of Cu cable assembly, 100&nbsp;m of multi-mode optical fiber and 40&nbsp;km of [[single-mode optical fiber]]
|-
|-
|802.3-2008/Cor 1
|802.3-2008/Cor 1
|2009-12
|2009-12
|(802.3bb) Increase Pause Reaction Delay timings which are insufficient for 10&nbsp;Gbit/s (Working group name was ''802.3bb''.)
|(802.3bb) Increase Pause Reaction Delay timings which are insufficient for {{nowrap|10 Gbit/s}} (Working group name was ''802.3bb''.)
|-
|-
|802.3bc
|802.3bc
Line 224: Line 217:
|802.3bg
|802.3bg
|2011-03
|2011-03
|Provide a 40&nbsp;Gbit/s [[Physical Medium Dependent|PMD]] which is optically compatible with existing carrier [[Single-mode optical fiber|SMF]] 40&nbsp;Gbit/s client interfaces ([[OTU3]]/[[STM-256]]/[[OC-768]]/[[Packet over SONET|40G POS]]).
|Provide a {{nowrap|40 Gbit/s}} [[Physical Medium Dependent|PMD]] which is optically compatible with existing carrier [[Single-mode optical fiber|SMF]] {{nowrap|40 Gbit/s}} client interfaces ([[OTU3]]/[[STM-256]]/[[OC-768]]/[[Packet over SONET|40G POS]]).
|-
|-
|802.3-2012
|802.3-2012
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|802.3bj
|802.3bj
|2014-06
|2014-06
|Defines a four-lane 100&nbsp;Gbit/s backplane PHY for operation over links consistent with copper traces on "improved FR-4" (as defined by IEEE P802.3ap or better materials to be defined by the Task Force) with lengths up to at least 1&nbsp;m and a four-lane 100&nbsp;Gbit/s PHY for operation over links consistent with copper [[twinaxial cable]]s with lengths up to at least 5&nbsp;m
|Defines a four-lane {{nowrap|100 Gbit/s}} backplane PHY for operation over links consistent with copper traces on "improved FR-4" (as defined by IEEE P802.3ap or better materials to be defined by the Task Force) with lengths up to at least 1&nbsp;m and a four-lane {{nowrap|100 Gbit/s}} PHY for operation over links consistent with copper [[twinaxial cable]]s with lengths up to at least 5&nbsp;m
|-
|-
|802.3bk
|802.3bk
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|802.3bs
|802.3bs
|2017-12
|2017-12
|[[200GbE]] (200&nbsp;Gbit/s) over single-mode fiber and [[400GbE]] (400&nbsp;Gbit/s) over optical physical media
|[[200GbE]] ({{nowrap|200 Gbit/s}}) over single-mode fiber and [[400GbE]] ({{nowrap|400 Gbit/s}}) over optical physical media
|-
|-
|[[802.3bt]]
|[[802.3bt]]
Line 268: Line 261:
|[[802.3bu]]
|[[802.3bu]]
|2016-12
|2016-12
|[[PoE|Power over Data Lines (PoDL)]] for single twisted pair Ethernet ([[Fast Ethernet#100BASE-T1|100BASE-T1]])
|[[PoE|Power over Data Lines (PoDL)]] for single twisted pair Ethernet ([[100BASE-T1]])
|-
|-
|802.3bv
|802.3bv
Line 284: Line 277:
|[[802.3by]]
|[[802.3by]]
|2016-06<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ieee802.org/3/25GSG/email/msg00556.html |title=[STDS-802-3-25G] IEEE Std 802.3by-2016 Standard Approved!|date=2016-06-30}}</ref>
|2016-06<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ieee802.org/3/25GSG/email/msg00556.html |title=[STDS-802-3-25G] IEEE Std 802.3by-2016 Standard Approved!|date=2016-06-30}}</ref>
| [[Optical fiber]], twinax and backplane [[25 Gigabit Ethernet]]<ref>{{Citation | url = http://www.ieee802.org/3/by/ | publisher = IEEE | title = P802.3by 25 Gbit/s Ethernet Task Force}}.</ref>
| [[Optical fiber]], twinax and backplane [[25 Gigabit Ethernet]]<ref>{{Citation | url = http://www.ieee802.org/3/by/ | publisher = IEEE | title = P802.3by {{nowrap|25 Gbit/s}} Ethernet Task Force}}.</ref>
|-
|-
|802.3bz
|802.3bz
|2016-09<ref>{{Cite web|title=[802.3_NGBASET] FW: Approval of IEEE Std 802.3bz 2.5GBASE-T and 5GBASE-T |publisher=IEEE P802.3bz Task Force |url=http://www.ieee802.org/3/NGBASET/email/msg00996.html |access-date=2016-09-24}}</ref>
|2016-09<ref>{{Cite web|title=[802.3_NGBASET] FW: Approval of IEEE Std 802.3bz 2.5GBASE-T and 5GBASE-T |publisher=IEEE P802.3bz Task Force |url=http://www.ieee802.org/3/NGBASET/email/msg00996.html |access-date=2016-09-24}}</ref>
| [[2.5GBASE-T and 5GBASE-T]]{{dash}}2.5&nbsp;Gigabit/s and 5&nbsp;Gigabit/s Ethernet over [[Category 5e cable|Cat-5e]]/[[Category 6 cable|Cat-6]] twisted-pair cable
| [[2.5GBASE-T and 5GBASE-T]]{{dash}}2.5&nbsp;Gigabit/s and {{nowrap|5 Gigabit/s}} Ethernet over [[Cat-5e]]/[[Cat-6]] twisted-pair cable
|-
|-
|802.3ca
|802.3ca
Line 296: Line 289:
|802.3cb
|802.3cb
|2018-09
|2018-09
|2.5 Gbit/s and 5&nbsp;Gbit/s Operation over Backplane
|2.5 Gbit/s and {{nowrap|5 Gbit/s}} Operation over Backplane
|-
|-
|802.3cc
|802.3cc
Line 304: Line 297:
|802.3cd
|802.3cd
|2018-12
|2018-12
|Media Access Control Parameters for 50&nbsp;Gbit/s and Physical Layers and Management Parameters for 50, 100, and 200&nbsp;Gbit/s Operation
|Media Access Control Parameters for {{nowrap|50 Gbit/s}} and Physical Layers and Management Parameters for 50, 100, and {{nowrap|200 Gbit/s}} Operation
|-
|-
|802.3ce
|802.3ce
Line 320: Line 313:
|[[802.3ch]]
|[[802.3ch]]
|2020-06
|2020-06
|[[MultiGigBASE-T1]] Automotive Ethernet (2.5, 5, 10&nbsp;Gbit/s) over 15&nbsp;m with optional PoDL
|[[MultiGigBASE-T1]] Automotive Ethernet (2.5, 5, {{nowrap|10 Gbit/s}}) over 15&nbsp;m with optional PoDL
|-
|-
|802.3-2018
|802.3-2018
Line 328: Line 321:
|802.3ck
|802.3ck
|2022-09
|2022-09
|100, 200, and 400&nbsp;Gbit/s Ethernet using 100&nbsp;Gbit/s lanes, chaired by Beth Kochuparambil<ref name="8023officers">{{cite web |url=https://www.ieee802.org/3/contacts.html#NGBIDI | title=IEEE 802.3 Ethernet Task Force, Study Group, and Ad Hoc Officers |publisher=IEEE |date=30 April 2021 |access-date=2021-05-26}}</ref>
|100, 200, and {{nowrap|400 Gbit/s}} Ethernet using {{nowrap|100 Gbit/s}} lanes, chaired by Beth Kochuparambil<ref name="8023officers">{{cite web |url=https://www.ieee802.org/3/contacts.html#NGBIDI | title=IEEE 802.3 Ethernet Task Force, Study Group, and Ad Hoc Officers |publisher=IEEE |date=30 April 2021 |access-date=2021-05-26}}</ref>
|-
|-
|802.3cm
|802.3cm
Line 336: Line 329:
|802.3cn
|802.3cn
|2019-11
|2019-11
|50 Gbit/s (40 km), 100&nbsp;Gbit/s (80 km), 200&nbsp;Gbit/s (four λ, 40 km), and 400&nbsp;Gbit/s (eight λ, 40 km and single λ, 80 km over [[DWDM]]) over single-mode fiber and DWDM
|50 Gbit/s (40 km), {{nowrap|100 Gbit/s}} (80 km), {{nowrap|200 Gbit/s}} (four λ, 40 km), and {{nowrap|400 Gbit/s}} (eight λ, 40 km and single λ, 80 km over [[DWDM]]) over single-mode fiber and DWDM
|-
|-
|802.3cp
|802.3cp
Line 352: Line 345:
|802.3cs
|802.3cs
|2022-09
|2022-09
|"Super-PON"{{dash}}Increased-reach, 10&nbsp;Gbit/s optical access with at least 50 km reach and 1:64 split ratio per wavelength pair, 16 wavelength pairs, chaired by Claudio DeSanti<ref name="8023officers"/>
|"Super-PON"{{dash}}Increased-reach, {{nowrap|10 Gbit/s}} optical access with at least 50 km reach and 1:64 split ratio per wavelength pair, 16 wavelength pairs, chaired by Claudio DeSanti<ref name="8023officers"/>
|-
|-
|802.3ct
|802.3ct
Line 360: Line 353:
|802.3cu
|802.3cu
|2021-02
|2021-02
|100 Gbit/s and 400&nbsp;Gbit/s over SMF using 100&nbsp;Gbit/s lanes
|100 Gbit/s and {{nowrap|400 Gbit/s}} over SMF using {{nowrap|100 Gbit/s}} lanes
|-
|-
|[[802.3cv]]
|[[802.3cv]]
Line 376: Line 369:
|802.3cy
|802.3cy
|2023-06
|2023-06
|[[MultiGigBASE-T1]] 25&nbsp;Gbit/s electrical automotive Ethernet,<ref name="ieee802.3cy-2023">{{cite web | url = https://standards.ieee.org/ieee/802.3cy/10280/ | title = Physical Layer Specifications and Management Parameters for 25 Gb/s – Electrical Automotive Ethernet | publisher = IEEE | date = 2023-08-11 | access-date = 2023-09-01 | archive-date = 2023-09-01 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230901155233/https://standards.ieee.org/ieee/802.3cy/10280/ | url-status = dead }}</ref> chaired by Steve Carlson<ref name="8023officers"/>
|[[25GBASE-T1]] {{nowrap|25 Gbit/s}} electrical automotive Ethernet,<ref name="ieee802.3cy-2023">{{cite web | url = https://standards.ieee.org/ieee/802.3cy/10280/ | title = Physical Layer Specifications and Management Parameters for {{nowrap|25 Gb/s}} – Electrical Automotive Ethernet | publisher = IEEE | date = 2023-08-11 | access-date = 2023-09-01 | archive-date = 2023-09-01 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230901155233/https://standards.ieee.org/ieee/802.3cy/10280/ | url-status = dead }}</ref> chaired by Steve Carlson<ref name="8023officers"/>
|-
|-
|802.3cz
|802.3cz
Line 383: Line 376:
|-
|-
|802.3da
|802.3da
|(TBD)
|2026-03
|[[10BASE-T1S]] 10&nbsp;Mb/s operation over single–balanced-pair multi-drop segments, extends length up to 50&nbsp;m{{dash}}scheduled for mid 2025, chaired by Chad Jones<ref name="8023officers"/>
|[[10BASE-T1M]] {{nowrap|10 Mb/s}} operation over single–balanced-pair multi-drop segments, extends length to at least 50&nbsp;m and at least 16&nbsp;nodes{{dash}}chaired by Chad Jones<ref name="8023officers"/>
|-
|-
|802.3db
|802.3db
|2022-09
|2022-09
|100&nbsp;Gbit/s, 200&nbsp;Gbit/s, and 400&nbsp;Gbit/s operation over optical fiber using 100&nbsp;Gbit/s signaling, chaired by Robert Lingle<ref name="8023officers"/>
|100&nbsp;Gbit/s, {{nowrap|200 Gbit/s}}, and {{nowrap|400 Gbit/s}} operation over optical fiber using {{nowrap|100 Gbit/s}} signaling, chaired by Robert Lingle<ref name="8023officers"/>
|-
|-
|802.3-2022
|802.3-2022
Line 404: Line 397:
|802.3df
|802.3df
|2024-02
|2024-02
|200&nbsp;Gb/s, 400&nbsp;Gb/s and 800&nbsp;Gb/s using 100&nbsp;Gbit/s lanes, chaired by John D’Ambrosia
|200&nbsp;Gb/s, {{nowrap|400 Gb/s}} and {{nowrap|800 Gb/s}} using {{nowrap|100 Gbit/s}} lanes, chaired by John D’Ambrosia
|-
|-
|802.3dg
|802.3dg
|(TBD)
|(TBD)
| [[100BASE-T1|100BASE-T1L]] (100 Mbps over a single pair with extended length to 500&nbsp;m){{dash}}scheduled for mid 2025, chaired by George Zimmerman
| [[100BASE-T1|100BASE-T1L]] (100 Mbps over a single pair with extended length to 500&nbsp;m){{dash}}scheduled for mid 2026, chaired by George Zimmerman
|-
|-
|802.3dh
|802.3dh
Line 416: Line 409:
|802.3dj
|802.3dj
|(TBD)
|(TBD)
|200&nbsp;Gb/s, 400&nbsp;Gb/s, 800&nbsp;Gb/s and 1.6&nbsp;Tbit/s using 200&nbsp;Gbit/s lanes{{dash}}scheduled for spring 2026, chaired by John D'Ambrosia. [[UALink]] is based on its PHY.
|200&nbsp;Gb/s, {{nowrap|400 Gb/s}}, {{nowrap|800 Gb/s}} and {{nowrap|1.6 Tbit/s}} using {{nowrap|200 Gbit/s}} lanes{{dash}}scheduled for fall 2026, chaired by John D'Ambrosia. Also known as "Ultra Ethernet" in the version promoted by the Ultra Ethernet Consortium. [[UALink]] is based on its PHY.
|-
|-
|802.3dk
|802.3dk
|(TBD)
|(TBD)
|Greater than 50&nbsp;Gbit/s bidirectional optical access, chaired by Yuanqiu Luo
|Greater than {{nowrap|50 Gbit/s}} bidirectional optical access, scheduled for fall 2026, chaired by [[Yuanqiu Luo]]
|-
|-
|802.3dm
|802.3dm
|(TBD)
|(TBD)
|Asymmetrical Electrical Automotive Ethernet, chaired by Jon Lewis
|Asymmetrical Electrical Automotive Ethernet, scheduled for fall 2026
|-
|-
|802.3dn
|802.3dn
|2024-09
|2024-09
|802.3-2022/Cor 1 Multi-Gigabit Automotive MDI Return Loss, chaired by Brett McClellan
|802.3-2022/Cor 1 Multi-Gigabit Automotive MDI Return Loss, chaired by Brett McClellan
|-
|802.3dp
|(TBD)
|Cabling Restrictions for Single Pair Power over Ethernet Task Force
|-
|802.3dr
|(TBD)
|802.3-2022/Cor 2 Optical Automotive Ethernet TDFOM Task Force
|-
|802.3ds
|(TBD)
|200&nbsp;Gbit/s per wavelength MMF PHYs with 200/400/800/1600&nbsp;Gbit/s overall and 30 or 50&nbsp;m reach, scheduled for late 2027
|-
|802.3du
|(TBD)
|802.3-2022 maintenance, incorporating previous amendments
|}
|}
{{notelist}}
{{notelist}}
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[[Category:Working groups]]
[[Category:Working groups]]
[[Category:Ethernet standards]]
[[Category:Ethernet standards]]
[[Category:IEEE standards]]

Latest revision as of 01:53, 28 May 2026

This article is about the standards working group. For Ethernet frame data format, see Ethernet frame.

IEEE 802.3 is a working group and a collection of standards defining the physical layer and data link layer's media access control (MAC) of wired Ethernet. The standards are produced by the working group of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). This set of standards generally applies to local area networks (LANs) and metropolitan area networks.[1] It also has some applications to access networks and wide area network (WAN) applications. The international standard IEEE/ISO/IEC 8802-3-2021 was adopted from 802.3-2018.[2]

Physical connections are made between network nodes and, usually, various network infrastructure devices (hubs, switches, routers) by various types of copper cables or optical fiber.

802.3 standards support the IEEE 802.1 network architecture.

802.3 also defines a LAN access method using carrier-sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA/CD).

Communication standards

The IEEE 802 Local and Metropolitan Area Networks Committee was formed in 1980 to create a single standard for the lower layers of a local or metropolitan area network. At the time, there were three approaches to local area networking: IBM’s token ring, the DEC-Intel-Xerox Ethernet, and the token bus. Because the group could not agree on a single approach, three working groups were formed, 802.3 for Ethernet (called CSMA/CD), 802.4 for token bus, and 802.5 for token ring. An Ethernet network had already been implemented at Xerox Parc to connect Alto computers to a laser printer in 1973. In 1980, Digital, Intel, and Xerox published a “standard” called the DIX standard.[3] In 1982, they published a second version.[4] The first IEEE Standard for the CSMA/CD approach was based on the DIX standard.[5] The original IEEE standard for Ethernet was named "IEEE Standards for Local Area Networks: Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) Access Method and Physical Layer Specifications” and subsequent standards were named similarly, until 2012 when it became simply “Standard for Ethernet”. This was because of sensitivities around using a commercial product as the basis for a standard.[6] Template:Sticky header

Ethernet standard IEEE approval date Description
802.3-1985 1983-06 10BASE5 10 Mbit/s (1.25 MB/s) over thick coax. First edition of the IEEE 802.3 standard. Approved by IEEE in 1983, approved by ANSI in 1984, and published in 1985. Same as Ethernet II (above) except Type field is replaced by Length, and an 802.2 LLC header follows the 802.3 header. Based on the CSMA/CD media access method.
802.3a 1985-11 10BASE2 10 Mbit/s (1.25 MB/s) over thin coax (a.k.a. thinnet or cheapernet)
802.3b 1985-09 10BROAD36
802.3c 1985-12 10 Mbit/s (1.25 MB/s) repeater specifications
802.3d 1987-12 Fiber-optic inter-repeater link
802.3e 1987-06 1BASE5 or StarLAN, first use of (voice-grade) twisted pair cabling, 1 Mbit/s, maximum reach of 250 to 500 m
802.3h 1990-09 10 Mbit/s layer management, DTEs
802.3i 1990-09 10BASE-T 10 Mbit/s (1.25 MB/s) over twisted pair
802.3j 1992-09 10BASE-F 10 Mbit/s (1.25 MB/s) over optical fiber
802.3k 1992-09 10 Mbit/s layer management, repeaters
802.3m 1995-09 Maintenance
802.3n 1995-09 Maintenance
802.3q 1993-06 GDMO (ISO/IEC 10165-4) format for Layer Managed Objects
802.3r 1996-07 10BASE5 Medium Attachment Unit PICS
802.3s 1995-09 Maintenance
802.3t 1995-06 120 Ω informative annex for 10BASE-T
802.3u 1995-06 100BASE-TX, 100BASE-T4, 100BASE-FX Fast Ethernet at 100 Mbit/s (12.5 MB/s) with autonegotiation
802.3v 1995-12 150 Ω informative annex for 10BASE-T
802.3x 1997-03 Full duplex and flow control; also incorporates DIX framing, so there's no longer a DIX/802.3 split
802.3y 1997-03 100BASE-T2 100 Mbit/s (12.5 MB/s) over voice-grade twisted pair
802.3z 1998-06 1000BASE-X 1 Gbit/s (125 MB/s) Ethernet over optical fiber
802.3-1998 1998-06 (802.3aa) A revision of the base standard incorporating earlier amendments and errata
802.3ab 1999-06 1000BASE-T 1 Gbit/s (125 MB/s) Ethernet over twisted pair
802.3ac 1998-09 Max frame size extended to 1522 bytes (to allow "Q-tag"). The Q-tag includes 802.1Q VLAN information and 802.1p priority information.
802.3ad 2000-03 Link aggregation for parallel links, since moved to IEEE 802.1AX
802.3-2002 2002-01 (802.3ag) A revision of the base standard incorporating the three prior amendments and errata
802.3ae 2002-06 10 Gigabit Ethernet over fiber: 10GBASE-SR, 10GBASE-LR, 10GBASE-ER, 10GBASE-SW, 10GBASE-LW, 10GBASE-EW
802.3af 2003-06 Power over Ethernet (15.4 W)
802.3ah 2004-06 Ethernet in the first mile
802.3ak 2004-02 10GBASE-CX4 10 Gbit/s (1,250 MB/s) Ethernet over twinaxial cables
802.3-2005 2005-06 (802.3am) A revision of the base standard incorporating the four prior amendments and errata
802.3an 2006-06 10GBASE-T 10 Gbit/s (1,250 MB/s) Ethernet over unshielded twisted pair (UTP)
802.3ap 2007-03 Backplane Ethernet (1 and 10 Gbit/s (125 and 1,250 MB/s) over printed circuit boards)
802.3aq 2006-09 10GBASE-LRM 10 Gbit/s (1,250 MB/s) Ethernet over multimode fiber
P802.3ar canceled Congestion management (withdrawn)
802.3as 2006-09 Frame expansion
802.3at 2009-09 Power over Ethernet enhancements (25.5 W)
802.3au 2006-06 Isolation requirements for Power over Ethernet (802.3-2005/Cor 1)
802.3av 2009-09 10 Gbit/s EPON
802.3aw 2007-06 Fixed an equation in the publication of 10GBASE-T (released as 802.3-2005/Cor 2)
802.3ax 2008-11 Link aggregation – moved to and approved as 802.1AX
802.3-2008 2008-12 (802.3ay) A revision of the base standard incorporating the 802.3an/ap/aq/as amendments, two corrigenda and errata
802.3az 2010-09 Energy-Efficient Ethernet
802.3ba 2010-06 40 Gbit/s and 100 Gbit/s Ethernet. 40 Gbit/s over a 1 m backplane, 10 m Cu cable assembly (4×25 Gbit/s or 10×10 Gbit/s lanes) and 100 m of multi-mode optical fiber, and 100 Gbit/s over 10 m of Cu cable assembly, 100 m of multi-mode optical fiber and 40 km of single-mode optical fiber
802.3-2008/Cor 1 2009-12 (802.3bb) Increase Pause Reaction Delay timings which are insufficient for 10 Gbit/s (Working group name was 802.3bb.)
802.3bc 2009-09 Move and update Ethernet-related TLVs (type, length, values), previously specified in Annex F of IEEE 802.1AB (LLDP) to 802.3
802.3bd 2011-06 Priority-based Flow Control. An amendment by the IEEE 802.1 Data Center Bridging Task Group (802.1Qbb) to develop an amendment to IEEE Std 802.3 to add a MAC Control Frame to support IEEE 802.1Qbb Priority-based Flow Control.
802.3.1 2011-05 (802.3be) MIB definitions for Ethernet. It consolidates the Ethernet-related MIBs present in Annex 30A&B, various IETF RFCs, and 802.1AB annex F into one master document with a machine-readable extract. (Working group name was P802.3be.)
802.3bf 2011-05 Provides an accurate indication of the transmission and reception initiation times of certain packets as required to support IEEE P802.1AS
802.3bg 2011-03 Provide a 40 Gbit/s PMD which is optically compatible with existing carrier SMF 40 Gbit/s client interfaces (OTU3/STM-256/OC-768/40G POS).
802.3-2012 2012-08 (802.3bh) A revision of the base standard incorporating the 802.3at/av/az/ba/bc/bd/bf/bg amendments, corrigenda and errata.
802.3bj 2014-06 Defines a four-lane 100 Gbit/s backplane PHY for operation over links consistent with copper traces on "improved FR-4" (as defined by IEEE P802.3ap or better materials to be defined by the Task Force) with lengths up to at least 1 m and a four-lane 100 Gbit/s PHY for operation over links consistent with copper twinaxial cables with lengths up to at least 5 m
802.3bk 2013-08 This amendment to IEEE Std 802.3 defines the physical-layer specifications and management parameters for EPON operation on point-to-multipoint passive optical networks supporting extended power budget classes of PX30, PX40, PRX40, and PR40 PMDs.
802.3bm 2015-02 100G/40G Ethernet for optical fiber
802.3bn 2016-09 10G-EPON and 10GPASS-XR, passive optical networks over coax
802.3bp 2016-06[7] 1000BASE-T1 – Gigabit Ethernet over a single twisted pair for automotive & industrial environments
802.3bq 2016-06[8] 25GBASE-T/40GBASE-T Ethernet for four-pair balanced–twisted-pair cabling with two connectors over 30 m distances
802.3br 2016-06 Specification and Management Parameters for Interspersing Express Traffic
802.3bs 2017-12 200GbE (200 Gbit/s) over single-mode fiber and 400GbE (400 Gbit/s) over optical physical media
802.3bt 2018-09 Third generation Power over Ethernet with up to 100 W using four pairs in balanced–twisted-pair cabling (4PPoE), including 10GBASE-T, lower standby power and specific enhancements to support IoT applications (e.g. lighting, sensors, building automation).
802.3bu 2016-12 Power over Data Lines (PoDL) for single twisted pair Ethernet (100BASE-T1)
802.3bv 2017-02 Gigabit Ethernet over plastic optical fiber (POF)
802.3bw 2015-10[9] 100BASE-T1 – 100 Mbit/s Ethernet over a single twisted pair for automotive applications
802.3-2015 2015-09 802.3bx – A new consolidated revision of the 802.3 standard including amendments 802.3bk/bj/bm
802.3by 2016-06[10] Optical fiber, twinax and backplane 25 Gigabit Ethernet[11]
802.3bz 2016-09[12] 2.5GBASE-T and 5GBASE-T – 2.5 Gigabit/s and 5 Gigabit/s Ethernet over Cat-5e/Cat-6 twisted-pair cable
802.3ca 2020-06 25G-EPON and 50G-EPON – Downstream/Upstream rates of 25/10, 25/25, 50/10, 50/25, 50/50 Gbit/s over Ethernet Passive Optical Networks
802.3cb 2018-09 2.5 Gbit/s and 5 Gbit/s Operation over Backplane
802.3cc 2017-12 25 Gbit/s over Single-Mode Fiber
802.3cd 2018-12 Media Access Control Parameters for 50 Gbit/s and Physical Layers and Management Parameters for 50, 100, and 200 Gbit/s Operation
802.3ce 2017-03 Multilane Timestamping
802.3.2-2019 2019-03 802.3cf, YANG Data Model Definitions
802.3cg 2019-11 10BASE-T1L and 10BASE-T1S – 10 Mbit/s Single–twisted-pair Ethernet
802.3ch 2020-06 MultiGigBASE-T1 Automotive Ethernet (2.5, 5, 10 Gbit/s) over 15 m with optional PoDL
802.3-2018 2018-08 802.3cj – 802.3-2015 maintenance, incorporating recent amendments bn/bp/bq/br/bs/bu/bv/bw/by/bz/cc/ce
802.3ck 2022-09 100, 200, and 400 Gbit/s Ethernet using 100 Gbit/s lanes, chaired by Beth Kochuparambil[13]
802.3cm 2020-01 400 Gbit/s over multimode fiber (four and eight pairs, 100 m)
802.3cn 2019-11 50 Gbit/s (40 km), 100 Gbit/s (80 km), 200 Gbit/s (four λ, 40 km), and 400 Gbit/s (eight λ, 40 km and single λ, 80 km over DWDM) over single-mode fiber and DWDM
802.3cp 2021-06 10/25/50 Gbit/s single-strand optical access with at least 10/20/40 km reach, chaired by Frank Effenberger[13]
802.3cq 2020-01 Power over Ethernet over two pairs (maintenance)
802.3cr 2021-02 Isolation (maintenance)
802.3cs 2022-09 "Super-PON" – Increased-reach, 10 Gbit/s optical access with at least 50 km reach and 1:64 split ratio per wavelength pair, 16 wavelength pairs, chaired by Claudio DeSanti[13]
802.3ct 2021-06 100 Gbit/s over DWDM systems (80 km reach using coherent modulation), chaired by John D'Ambrosia[13]
802.3cu 2021-02 100 Gbit/s and 400 Gbit/s over SMF using 100 Gbit/s lanes
802.3cv 2021-05 Power over Ethernet maintenance, chaired by Chad Jones[13]
802.3cw canceled 400 Gbit/s over DWDM Systems – chaired by John D'Ambrosia,[13] withdrawn
802.3cx 2023-03 Improved PTP time-stamping accuracy, chaired by Steve Gorshe[13]
802.3cy 2023-06 25GBASE-T1 25 Gbit/s electrical automotive Ethernet,[14] chaired by Steve Carlson[13]
802.3cz 2023-03 Multi-gigabit optical automotive Ethernet, chaired by Bob Grow[13]
802.3da 2026-03 10BASE-T1M 10 Mb/s operation over single–balanced-pair multi-drop segments, extends length to at least 50 m and at least 16 nodes – chaired by Chad Jones[13]
802.3db 2022-09 100 Gbit/s, 200 Gbit/s, and 400 Gbit/s operation over optical fiber using 100 Gbit/s signaling, chaired by Robert Lingle[13]
802.3-2022 2022-07 802.3dc – 802.3-2018 maintenance, incorporating recent amendments bt/ca/cb/cd/cg/ch/cm/cn/cp/cq/cr/ct/cu/cv, chaired by Adam Healey[13]
802.3dd 2022-06 Power over Data Lines of single-pair Ethernet maintenance, chaired by George Zimmerman[13]
802.3de 2022-09 Time synchronization for point-to-point single-pair Ethernet, chaired by George Zimmerman
802.3df 2024-02 200 Gb/s, 400 Gb/s and 800 Gb/s using 100 Gbit/s lanes, chaired by John D’Ambrosia
802.3dg (TBD) 100BASE-T1L (100 Mbps over a single pair with extended length to 500 m) – scheduled for mid 2026, chaired by George Zimmerman
802.3dh canceled Multi-gigabit-per-second automotive Ethernet over plastic optical fiber, chaired by Yuji Watanabe
802.3dj (TBD) 200 Gb/s, 400 Gb/s, 800 Gb/s and 1.6 Tbit/s using 200 Gbit/s lanes – scheduled for fall 2026, chaired by John D'Ambrosia. Also known as "Ultra Ethernet" in the version promoted by the Ultra Ethernet Consortium. UALink is based on its PHY.
802.3dk (TBD) Greater than 50 Gbit/s bidirectional optical access, scheduled for fall 2026, chaired by Yuanqiu Luo
802.3dm (TBD) Asymmetrical Electrical Automotive Ethernet, scheduled for fall 2026
802.3dn 2024-09 802.3-2022/Cor 1 Multi-Gigabit Automotive MDI Return Loss, chaired by Brett McClellan
802.3dp (TBD) Cabling Restrictions for Single Pair Power over Ethernet Task Force
802.3dr (TBD) 802.3-2022/Cor 2 Optical Automotive Ethernet TDFOM Task Force
802.3ds (TBD) 200 Gbit/s per wavelength MMF PHYs with 200/400/800/1600 Gbit/s overall and 30 or 50 m reach, scheduled for late 2027
802.3du (TBD) 802.3-2022 maintenance, incorporating previous amendments

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Introduction". “IEEE Standard for Ethernet” in IEEE Std 802.3-2022 (Revision of IEEE Std 802.3-2018). IEEE-SA. 29 July 2022. p. 167. doi:10.1109/IEEESTD.2022.9844436.
  2. ↑ IEEE/ISO/IEC 8802-3-2021 (24 Feb 2021). "ISO/IEC/IEEE International Standard - Telecommunications and exchange between information technology systems--Requirements for local and metropolitan area networks--Part 3: Standard for Ethernet". IEEE Standards Association. IEEE. Retrieved 23 May 2026.
  3. ↑ Digital Equipment Corporation; Intel Corporation; Xerox Corporation (July 1981). "The ethernet: a local area network: data link layer and physical layer specifications". ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review. 11 (3): 20–66. doi:10.1145/1015591.1015594.
  4. ↑ Digital Equipment Corporation; Intel Corporation; Xerox Corporation (November 1982). The Ethernet, A Local Area Network. Data Link Layer and Physical Layer Specifications, Version 2.0 (PDF) (Report). Xerox Corporation. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 15, 2011. Retrieved December 10, 2011.
  5. ↑ "Milestones:Origin of the IEEE 802 Family of Networking Standards, 1980-1999". Engineering and Technology History Wiki. May 20, 2024. Retrieved Jan 19, 2026.
  6. ↑ Charles E. Spurgeon (2000). Ethernet: The Definitive Guide. O'Reilly. ISBN 978-1-56592-660-8.
  7. ↑ "IEEE P802.3bp 1000BASE-T1 PHY Task Force". 2016-07-29. Retrieved 2016-10-02.
  8. ↑ "Approval of IEEE Std 802.3by-2016, IEEE Std 802.3bq-2016, IEEE Std 802.3bp-2016 and IEEE Std 802.3br-2016". IEEE. 2016-06-30..
  9. ↑ "IEEE P802.3bw 100BASE-T1 Task Force". 2015-10-27. The work of the IEEE P802.3bw 100BASE-T1 Task Force completed with the approval of IEEE Std 802.3bw-2015 by the IEEE-SA Standards Board on 27 October 2015.
  10. ↑ "[STDS-802-3-25G] IEEE Std 802.3by-2016 Standard Approved!". 2016-06-30.
  11. ↑ P802.3by 25 Gbit/s Ethernet Task Force, IEEE.
  12. ↑ "[802.3_NGBASET] FW: Approval of IEEE Std 802.3bz 2.5GBASE-T and 5GBASE-T". IEEE P802.3bz Task Force. Retrieved 2016-09-24.
  13. ↑ 13.00 13.01 13.02 13.03 13.04 13.05 13.06 13.07 13.08 13.09 13.10 13.11 13.12 "IEEE 802.3 Ethernet Task Force, Study Group, and Ad Hoc Officers". IEEE. 30 April 2021. Retrieved 2021-05-26.
  14. ↑ "Physical Layer Specifications and Management Parameters for 25 Gb/s – Electrical Automotive Ethernet". IEEE. 2023-08-11. Archived from the original on 2023-09-01. Retrieved 2023-09-01.

Template:Ethernet Template:IEEE standards

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