John Baskerville: Difference between revisions

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imported>JMF
Life: broadly agree but given the perennial confusion between 'font' and 'typeface' (see for example my last edit to Baskerville), we can't take that term as read.
 
imported>PRRfan
Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5
 
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| monuments  = ''Industry and Genius''
| monuments  = ''Industry and Genius''
| occupation  = Manufacturer, printer and [[type designer]]
| occupation  = Manufacturer, printer and [[type designer]]
| spouse      =  
| spouse      = Sarah Ruston (Eaves)
}}
}}
'''John Baskerville''' (baptised 28 January 1707&nbsp;– 8 January 1775) was an English businessman, in areas including [[japanning]] and [[papier-mâché]], but he is best remembered as a printer and [[type designer]]. He was also responsible for inventing "wove paper", which was considerably smoother than "laid paper", allowing for sharper printing results.<ref name="oxdnb" /><ref name="John Baskerville : type-founder and printer, 1706 -1775.">{{cite book|last1=Benton|first1=Josiah|title=John Baskerville : type-founder and printer, 1706 -1775.|date=2014|publisher=Cambridge Univ Press|location=[S.l.]|isbn=9781108076227|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0LpUBAAAQBAJ|access-date=10 December 2015}}</ref><ref name="Dodsley2004">{{cite book|author=Robert Dodsley|title=The Correspondence of Robert Dodsley: 1733-1764|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F5SKgkoYll0C&pg=PA144|date=22 January 2004|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-52208-3|pages=144–6}}</ref>
'''John Baskerville''' (baptised 28 January 1707&nbsp;– 8 January 1775) was an English businessman, in areas including [[japanning]] and [[papier-mâché]], but he is best remembered as a printer and [[type designer]]. He was also responsible for inventing "wove paper", which was considerably smoother than "laid paper", allowing for sharper printing results.<ref name="oxdnb" /><ref name="John Baskerville : type-founder and printer, 1706 -1775.">{{cite book|last1=Benton|first1=Josiah|title=John Baskerville : type-founder and printer, 1706 -1775.|date=2014|publisher=Cambridge Univ Press|location=[S.l.]|isbn=9781108076227|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0LpUBAAAQBAJ|access-date=10 December 2015}}</ref><ref name="Dodsley2004">{{cite book|author=Robert Dodsley|title=The Correspondence of Robert Dodsley: 1733-1764|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F5SKgkoYll0C&pg=PA144|date=22 January 2004|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-52208-3|pages=144–6}}</ref>
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Baskerville died in January 1775 at his home, ''Easy Hill''. He requested that his body be placed
Baskerville died in January 1775 at his home, ''Easy Hill''. He requested that his body be placed
{{blockquote|in a Conical Building in my own premises Hearetofore used as a mill which I have lately Raised Higher and painted and in a vault which I have prepared for It. This Doubtless to many may appear a Whim perhaps It is so—But it is a whim for many years Resolve'd upon, as I have a Hearty Contempt for all Superstition the Farce of a Consecrated Ground the Irish Barbarism of Sure and Certain Hopes &c I also consider [[Book of Revelation|Revelation]] as it is call'd Exclusive of the Scraps of Morality casually Intermixt with It to be the most Impudent Abuse of Common Sense which Ever was Invented to Befool Mankind.<ref name="oxdnb" />}}
{{blockquote|in a Conical Building in my own premises Hearetofore used as a mill which I have lately Raised Higher and painted and in a vault which I have prepared for It. This Doubtless to many may appear a Whim perhaps It is so—But it is a whim for many years Resolve'd upon, as I have a Hearty Contempt for all Superstition the Farce of a Consecrated Ground the Irish Barbarism of Sure and Certain Hopes &c I also consider [[Book of Revelation|Revelation]] as it is call'd Exclusive of the Scraps of Morality casually Intermixt with It to be the most Impudent Abuse of Common Sense which Ever was Invented to Befool Mankind.<ref name="oxdnb" />}}
However, in 1821 a canal was built through the land and his body was placed on show by the landowner until Baskerville's family and friends arranged to have it moved to the crypt of [[Christ Church, Birmingham]]. Christ Church was demolished in 1897 so his remains were then moved, with other bodies from the crypt, to consecrated catacombs at [[Warstone Lane Cemetery]].<ref name="times" /> In 1963 a petition was presented to [[Birmingham City Council]] requesting that he be reburied in unconsecrated ground, according to his wishes.<ref name="times2" />
However, in 1821 a canal was built through the land and his body was placed on show by the landowner until Baskerville's family and friends arranged to have it moved to the crypt of [[Christ Church, Birmingham]]. Christ Church was demolished in 1897 so his remains were then moved, with other bodies from the crypt, to consecrated catacombs at [[Warstone Lane Cemetery]].<ref name="times" /> In 1963 a petition was presented to [[Birmingham City Council]] requesting that he be reburied in unconsecrated ground, according to his wishes.<ref name="times2" /> However, the petition was unsuccessful, and Baskerville remains in Warstone Lane cemetery.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Archer-Parré |first=Caroline |date=21 Sep 2022 |title=Inhuming and Exhuming: John Baskerville’s Death, Burial and Post-Mortem Life |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/0047729X.2022.2126238#abstract |journal=Midland History |volume=47 |issue=3 |pages=274-291}}</ref>


== Legacy ==
== Legacy ==
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In the 1930s, [[Baskerville House]] was built on the grounds of ''Easy Hill''.
In the 1930s, [[Baskerville House]] was built on the grounds of ''Easy Hill''.


In 1947, BBC radio broadcast a radio play about his burial, named ''Hic Jacet: or The Corpse in the Crescent'' by Neville Brandon Watts. The original recording was not preserved but a performance was staged by students at the [[Birmingham School of Acting]] in 2013 at the Typographic Hub Centre of [[Birmingham City University]].<ref name="Hic Jacet">{{cite web|title=Baskerville Society: Hic Jacet or The Corpse in the Crescent|url=http://www.typographichub.org/diary/entry/hic-jacet-or-the-corpse-in-the-crescent/|website=Typographic Hub |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131208204902/http://www.typographichub.org/diary/entry/hic-jacet-or-the-corpse-in-the-crescent/ |archive-date=8 December 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Hic Jacet Mail">{{cite web|title=A rare revival of a macabre story|url=http://www.birminghammail.co.uk/whats-on/whats-on-news/library-birmingham-revives-corpse-crescent-6379878|website=Birmingham Mail|date=6 December 2013 |access-date=9 October 2017}}</ref> A copy of the script is in the [[Norman Painting Archives]] at the [[University of Birmingham]].<ref name="Hic Jacet" />
In 1947, BBC radio broadcast a radio play about his burial, named ''Hic Jacet: or The Corpse in the Crescent'' by Neville Brandon Watts. The original recording was not preserved but a performance was staged by students at the [[Birmingham School of Acting]] in 2013 at the Typographic Hub Centre of [[Birmingham City University]].<ref name="Hic Jacet">{{cite web|title=Baskerville Society: Hic Jacet or The Corpse in the Crescent|url=http://www.typographichub.org/diary/entry/hic-jacet-or-the-corpse-in-the-crescent/|website=Typographic Hub |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131208204902/http://www.typographichub.org/diary/entry/hic-jacet-or-the-corpse-in-the-crescent/ |archive-date=8 December 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Hic Jacet Mail">{{cite web|title=A rare revival of a macabre story|url=http://www.birminghammail.co.uk/whats-on/whats-on-news/library-birmingham-revives-corpse-crescent-6379878|website=Birmingham Mail|date=6 December 2013|access-date=9 October 2017|archive-date=10 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010054643/http://www.birminghammail.co.uk/whats-on/whats-on-news/library-birmingham-revives-corpse-crescent-6379878|url-status=live}}</ref> A copy of the script is in the [[Norman Painting Archives]] at the [[University of Birmingham]].<ref name="Hic Jacet" />


[[File:Baskerville - Industry and Genius.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Industry and Genius'',  
[[File:Baskerville - Industry and Genius.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Industry and Genius'',  
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</ref>
</ref>
<ref name="times">{{cite news
<ref name="times">{{cite news
  | url=http://find.galegroup.com/ttda/newspaperRetrieve.do?sgHitCountType=None&sort=DateAscend&tabID=T003&prodId=TTDA&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchId=R1&searchType=BasicSearchForm&currentPosition=30&qrySerId=Locale%28en%2C%2C%29%3AFQE%3D%28tx%2CNone%2C11%29Baskerville%3AAnd%3ALQE%3D%28da%2CNone%2C11%291960+-+1970%3AAnd%3ALQE%3D%28MB%2CNone%2C8%29%22TTDA-1%22%24&retrieveFormat=MULTIPAGE_DOCUMENT&userGroupName=corlonli&inPS=true&contentSet=LTO&&docId=&docLevel=FASCIMILE&workId=&relevancePageBatch=CS101016681&contentSet=UDVIN&callistoContentSet=UDVIN&docPage=article&hilite=y
  |url=http://find.galegroup.com/ttda/newspaperRetrieve.do?sgHitCountType=None&sort=DateAscend&tabID=T003&prodId=TTDA&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchId=R1&searchType=BasicSearchForm&currentPosition=30&qrySerId=Locale%28en%2C%2C%29%3AFQE%3D%28tx%2CNone%2C11%29Baskerville%3AAnd%3ALQE%3D%28da%2CNone%2C11%291960+-+1970%3AAnd%3ALQE%3D%28MB%2CNone%2C8%29%22TTDA-1%22%24&retrieveFormat=MULTIPAGE_DOCUMENT&userGroupName=corlonli&inPS=true&contentSet=LTO&&docId=&docLevel=FASCIMILE&workId=&relevancePageBatch=CS101016681&contentSet=UDVIN&callistoContentSet=UDVIN&docPage=article&hilite=y
  |title=Printer's Reburial Demanded
  |title=Printer's Reburial Demanded
  |newspaper=The Times
  |newspaper=The Times
  |date=9 March 1963
  |date=9 March 1963
  |page=6
  |page=6
  |issue = 55645}}
  |issue=55645
</ref>
|archive-date=29 November 2014
|access-date=17 November 2014
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129184714/http://find.galegroup.com/ttda/newspaperRetrieve.do?sgHitCountType=None&sort=DateAscend&tabID=T003&prodId=TTDA&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchId=R1&searchType=BasicSearchForm&currentPosition=30&qrySerId=Locale%28en%2C%2C%29%3AFQE%3D%28tx%2CNone%2C11%29Baskerville%3AAnd%3ALQE%3D%28da%2CNone%2C11%291960+-+1970%3AAnd%3ALQE%3D%28MB%2CNone%2C8%29%22TTDA-1%22%24&retrieveFormat=MULTIPAGE_DOCUMENT&userGroupName=corlonli&inPS=true&contentSet=LTO&&docId=&docLevel=FASCIMILE&workId=&relevancePageBatch=CS101016681&contentSet=UDVIN&callistoContentSet=UDVIN&docPage=article&hilite=y
|url-status=live
}}</ref>


<ref name="times2">{{cite news
<ref name="times2">{{cite news
  |title=Petition Presented For Printer's Reburial|url=http://find.galegroup.com/ttda/newspaperRetrieve.do?sgHitCountType=None&sort=DateAscend&tabID=T003&prodId=TTDA&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchId=R1&searchType=BasicSearchForm&currentPosition=31&qrySerId=Locale%28en%2C%2C%29%3AFQE%3D%28tx%2CNone%2C11%29Baskerville%3AAnd%3ALQE%3D%28da%2CNone%2C11%291960+-+1970%3AAnd%3ALQE%3D%28MB%2CNone%2C8%29%22TTDA-1%22%24&retrieveFormat=MULTIPAGE_DOCUMENT&userGroupName=corlonli&inPS=true&contentSet=LTO&&docId=&docLevel=FASCIMILE&workId=&relevancePageBatch=CS84501613&contentSet=UDVIN&callistoContentSet=UDVIN&docPage=article&hilite=y
  |title=Petition Presented For Printer's Reburial
|url=http://find.galegroup.com/ttda/newspaperRetrieve.do?sgHitCountType=None&sort=DateAscend&tabID=T003&prodId=TTDA&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchId=R1&searchType=BasicSearchForm&currentPosition=31&qrySerId=Locale%28en%2C%2C%29%3AFQE%3D%28tx%2CNone%2C11%29Baskerville%3AAnd%3ALQE%3D%28da%2CNone%2C11%291960+-+1970%3AAnd%3ALQE%3D%28MB%2CNone%2C8%29%22TTDA-1%22%24&retrieveFormat=MULTIPAGE_DOCUMENT&userGroupName=corlonli&inPS=true&contentSet=LTO&&docId=&docLevel=FASCIMILE&workId=&relevancePageBatch=CS84501613&contentSet=UDVIN&callistoContentSet=UDVIN&docPage=article&hilite=y
  |newspaper=The Times
  |newspaper=The Times
  |pages=5
  |pages=5
  |issue=55648
  |issue=55648
  |date=13 March 1963}}
  |date=13 March 1963
</ref>
|archive-date=29 November 2014
|access-date=17 November 2014
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129184711/http://find.galegroup.com/ttda/newspaperRetrieve.do?sgHitCountType=None&sort=DateAscend&tabID=T003&prodId=TTDA&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchId=R1&searchType=BasicSearchForm&currentPosition=31&qrySerId=Locale%28en%2C%2C%29%3AFQE%3D%28tx%2CNone%2C11%29Baskerville%3AAnd%3ALQE%3D%28da%2CNone%2C11%291960+-+1970%3AAnd%3ALQE%3D%28MB%2CNone%2C8%29%22TTDA-1%22%24&retrieveFormat=MULTIPAGE_DOCUMENT&userGroupName=corlonli&inPS=true&contentSet=LTO&&docId=&docLevel=FASCIMILE&workId=&relevancePageBatch=CS84501613&contentSet=UDVIN&callistoContentSet=UDVIN&docPage=article&hilite=y
|url-status=live
}}</ref>


<ref name="Curtis">
<ref name="Curtis">
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[[Category:Artists from Birmingham, West Midlands]]
[[Category:Artists from Birmingham, West Midlands]]
[[Category:Burials at Warstone Lane Cemetery]]
[[Category:Burials at Warstone Lane Cemetery]]
[[Category:18th-century British businesspeople]]