John Baskerville: Difference between revisions
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imported>JMF →Life: broadly agree but given the perennial confusion between 'font' and 'typeface' (see for example my last edit to Baskerville), we can't take that term as read. |
imported>PRRfan Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 |
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| monuments = ''Industry and Genius'' | | monuments = ''Industry and Genius'' | ||
| occupation = Manufacturer, printer and [[type designer]] | | occupation = Manufacturer, printer and [[type designer]] | ||
| spouse = | | spouse = Sarah Ruston (Eaves) | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''John Baskerville''' (baptised 28 January 1707 – 8 January 1775) was an English businessman, in areas including [[japanning]] and [[papier-mâché]], but he is best remembered as a printer and [[type designer]]. He was also responsible for inventing "wove paper", which was considerably smoother than "laid paper", allowing for sharper printing results.<ref name="oxdnb" /><ref name="John Baskerville : type-founder and printer, 1706 -1775.">{{cite book|last1=Benton|first1=Josiah|title=John Baskerville : type-founder and printer, 1706 -1775.|date=2014|publisher=Cambridge Univ Press|location=[S.l.]|isbn=9781108076227|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0LpUBAAAQBAJ|access-date=10 December 2015}}</ref><ref name="Dodsley2004">{{cite book|author=Robert Dodsley|title=The Correspondence of Robert Dodsley: 1733-1764|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F5SKgkoYll0C&pg=PA144|date=22 January 2004|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-52208-3|pages=144–6}}</ref> | '''John Baskerville''' (baptised 28 January 1707 – 8 January 1775) was an English businessman, in areas including [[japanning]] and [[papier-mâché]], but he is best remembered as a printer and [[type designer]]. He was also responsible for inventing "wove paper", which was considerably smoother than "laid paper", allowing for sharper printing results.<ref name="oxdnb" /><ref name="John Baskerville : type-founder and printer, 1706 -1775.">{{cite book|last1=Benton|first1=Josiah|title=John Baskerville : type-founder and printer, 1706 -1775.|date=2014|publisher=Cambridge Univ Press|location=[S.l.]|isbn=9781108076227|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0LpUBAAAQBAJ|access-date=10 December 2015}}</ref><ref name="Dodsley2004">{{cite book|author=Robert Dodsley|title=The Correspondence of Robert Dodsley: 1733-1764|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F5SKgkoYll0C&pg=PA144|date=22 January 2004|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-52208-3|pages=144–6}}</ref> | ||
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Baskerville died in January 1775 at his home, ''Easy Hill''. He requested that his body be placed | Baskerville died in January 1775 at his home, ''Easy Hill''. He requested that his body be placed | ||
{{blockquote|in a Conical Building in my own premises Hearetofore used as a mill which I have lately Raised Higher and painted and in a vault which I have prepared for It. This Doubtless to many may appear a Whim perhaps It is so—But it is a whim for many years Resolve'd upon, as I have a Hearty Contempt for all Superstition the Farce of a Consecrated Ground the Irish Barbarism of Sure and Certain Hopes &c I also consider [[Book of Revelation|Revelation]] as it is call'd Exclusive of the Scraps of Morality casually Intermixt with It to be the most Impudent Abuse of Common Sense which Ever was Invented to Befool Mankind.<ref name="oxdnb" />}} | {{blockquote|in a Conical Building in my own premises Hearetofore used as a mill which I have lately Raised Higher and painted and in a vault which I have prepared for It. This Doubtless to many may appear a Whim perhaps It is so—But it is a whim for many years Resolve'd upon, as I have a Hearty Contempt for all Superstition the Farce of a Consecrated Ground the Irish Barbarism of Sure and Certain Hopes &c I also consider [[Book of Revelation|Revelation]] as it is call'd Exclusive of the Scraps of Morality casually Intermixt with It to be the most Impudent Abuse of Common Sense which Ever was Invented to Befool Mankind.<ref name="oxdnb" />}} | ||
However, in 1821 a canal was built through the land and his body was placed on show by the landowner until Baskerville's family and friends arranged to have it moved to the crypt of [[Christ Church, Birmingham]]. Christ Church was demolished in 1897 so his remains were then moved, with other bodies from the crypt, to consecrated catacombs at [[Warstone Lane Cemetery]].<ref name="times" /> In 1963 a petition was presented to [[Birmingham City Council]] requesting that he be reburied in unconsecrated ground, according to his wishes.<ref name="times2" /> | However, in 1821 a canal was built through the land and his body was placed on show by the landowner until Baskerville's family and friends arranged to have it moved to the crypt of [[Christ Church, Birmingham]]. Christ Church was demolished in 1897 so his remains were then moved, with other bodies from the crypt, to consecrated catacombs at [[Warstone Lane Cemetery]].<ref name="times" /> In 1963 a petition was presented to [[Birmingham City Council]] requesting that he be reburied in unconsecrated ground, according to his wishes.<ref name="times2" /> However, the petition was unsuccessful, and Baskerville remains in Warstone Lane cemetery.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Archer-Parré |first=Caroline |date=21 Sep 2022 |title=Inhuming and Exhuming: John Baskerville’s Death, Burial and Post-Mortem Life |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/0047729X.2022.2126238#abstract |journal=Midland History |volume=47 |issue=3 |pages=274-291}}</ref> | ||
== Legacy == | == Legacy == | ||
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In the 1930s, [[Baskerville House]] was built on the grounds of ''Easy Hill''. | In the 1930s, [[Baskerville House]] was built on the grounds of ''Easy Hill''. | ||
In 1947, BBC radio broadcast a radio play about his burial, named ''Hic Jacet: or The Corpse in the Crescent'' by Neville Brandon Watts. The original recording was not preserved but a performance was staged by students at the [[Birmingham School of Acting]] in 2013 at the Typographic Hub Centre of [[Birmingham City University]].<ref name="Hic Jacet">{{cite web|title=Baskerville Society: Hic Jacet or The Corpse in the Crescent|url=http://www.typographichub.org/diary/entry/hic-jacet-or-the-corpse-in-the-crescent/|website=Typographic Hub |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131208204902/http://www.typographichub.org/diary/entry/hic-jacet-or-the-corpse-in-the-crescent/ |archive-date=8 December 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Hic Jacet Mail">{{cite web|title=A rare revival of a macabre story|url=http://www.birminghammail.co.uk/whats-on/whats-on-news/library-birmingham-revives-corpse-crescent-6379878|website=Birmingham Mail|date=6 December 2013 |access-date=9 October 2017}}</ref> A copy of the script is in the [[Norman Painting Archives]] at the [[University of Birmingham]].<ref name="Hic Jacet" /> | In 1947, BBC radio broadcast a radio play about his burial, named ''Hic Jacet: or The Corpse in the Crescent'' by Neville Brandon Watts. The original recording was not preserved but a performance was staged by students at the [[Birmingham School of Acting]] in 2013 at the Typographic Hub Centre of [[Birmingham City University]].<ref name="Hic Jacet">{{cite web|title=Baskerville Society: Hic Jacet or The Corpse in the Crescent|url=http://www.typographichub.org/diary/entry/hic-jacet-or-the-corpse-in-the-crescent/|website=Typographic Hub |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131208204902/http://www.typographichub.org/diary/entry/hic-jacet-or-the-corpse-in-the-crescent/ |archive-date=8 December 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Hic Jacet Mail">{{cite web|title=A rare revival of a macabre story|url=http://www.birminghammail.co.uk/whats-on/whats-on-news/library-birmingham-revives-corpse-crescent-6379878|website=Birmingham Mail|date=6 December 2013|access-date=9 October 2017|archive-date=10 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010054643/http://www.birminghammail.co.uk/whats-on/whats-on-news/library-birmingham-revives-corpse-crescent-6379878|url-status=live}}</ref> A copy of the script is in the [[Norman Painting Archives]] at the [[University of Birmingham]].<ref name="Hic Jacet" /> | ||
[[File:Baskerville - Industry and Genius.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Industry and Genius'', | [[File:Baskerville - Industry and Genius.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''Industry and Genius'', | ||
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</ref> | </ref> | ||
<ref name="times">{{cite news | <ref name="times">{{cite news | ||
| url=http://find.galegroup.com/ttda/newspaperRetrieve.do?sgHitCountType=None&sort=DateAscend&tabID=T003&prodId=TTDA&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchId=R1&searchType=BasicSearchForm¤tPosition=30&qrySerId=Locale%28en%2C%2C%29%3AFQE%3D%28tx%2CNone%2C11%29Baskerville%3AAnd%3ALQE%3D%28da%2CNone%2C11%291960+-+1970%3AAnd%3ALQE%3D%28MB%2CNone%2C8%29%22TTDA-1%22%24&retrieveFormat=MULTIPAGE_DOCUMENT&userGroupName=corlonli&inPS=true&contentSet=LTO&&docId=&docLevel=FASCIMILE&workId=&relevancePageBatch=CS101016681&contentSet=UDVIN&callistoContentSet=UDVIN&docPage=article&hilite=y | |url=http://find.galegroup.com/ttda/newspaperRetrieve.do?sgHitCountType=None&sort=DateAscend&tabID=T003&prodId=TTDA&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchId=R1&searchType=BasicSearchForm¤tPosition=30&qrySerId=Locale%28en%2C%2C%29%3AFQE%3D%28tx%2CNone%2C11%29Baskerville%3AAnd%3ALQE%3D%28da%2CNone%2C11%291960+-+1970%3AAnd%3ALQE%3D%28MB%2CNone%2C8%29%22TTDA-1%22%24&retrieveFormat=MULTIPAGE_DOCUMENT&userGroupName=corlonli&inPS=true&contentSet=LTO&&docId=&docLevel=FASCIMILE&workId=&relevancePageBatch=CS101016681&contentSet=UDVIN&callistoContentSet=UDVIN&docPage=article&hilite=y | ||
|title=Printer's Reburial Demanded | |title=Printer's Reburial Demanded | ||
|newspaper=The Times | |newspaper=The Times | ||
|date=9 March 1963 | |date=9 March 1963 | ||
|page=6 | |page=6 | ||
|issue = 55645}} | |issue=55645 | ||
</ref> | |archive-date=29 November 2014 | ||
|access-date=17 November 2014 | |||
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129184714/http://find.galegroup.com/ttda/newspaperRetrieve.do?sgHitCountType=None&sort=DateAscend&tabID=T003&prodId=TTDA&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchId=R1&searchType=BasicSearchForm¤tPosition=30&qrySerId=Locale%28en%2C%2C%29%3AFQE%3D%28tx%2CNone%2C11%29Baskerville%3AAnd%3ALQE%3D%28da%2CNone%2C11%291960+-+1970%3AAnd%3ALQE%3D%28MB%2CNone%2C8%29%22TTDA-1%22%24&retrieveFormat=MULTIPAGE_DOCUMENT&userGroupName=corlonli&inPS=true&contentSet=LTO&&docId=&docLevel=FASCIMILE&workId=&relevancePageBatch=CS101016681&contentSet=UDVIN&callistoContentSet=UDVIN&docPage=article&hilite=y | |||
|url-status=live | |||
}}</ref> | |||
<ref name="times2">{{cite news | <ref name="times2">{{cite news | ||
|title=Petition Presented For Printer's Reburial|url=http://find.galegroup.com/ttda/newspaperRetrieve.do?sgHitCountType=None&sort=DateAscend&tabID=T003&prodId=TTDA&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchId=R1&searchType=BasicSearchForm¤tPosition=31&qrySerId=Locale%28en%2C%2C%29%3AFQE%3D%28tx%2CNone%2C11%29Baskerville%3AAnd%3ALQE%3D%28da%2CNone%2C11%291960+-+1970%3AAnd%3ALQE%3D%28MB%2CNone%2C8%29%22TTDA-1%22%24&retrieveFormat=MULTIPAGE_DOCUMENT&userGroupName=corlonli&inPS=true&contentSet=LTO&&docId=&docLevel=FASCIMILE&workId=&relevancePageBatch=CS84501613&contentSet=UDVIN&callistoContentSet=UDVIN&docPage=article&hilite=y | |title=Petition Presented For Printer's Reburial | ||
|url=http://find.galegroup.com/ttda/newspaperRetrieve.do?sgHitCountType=None&sort=DateAscend&tabID=T003&prodId=TTDA&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchId=R1&searchType=BasicSearchForm¤tPosition=31&qrySerId=Locale%28en%2C%2C%29%3AFQE%3D%28tx%2CNone%2C11%29Baskerville%3AAnd%3ALQE%3D%28da%2CNone%2C11%291960+-+1970%3AAnd%3ALQE%3D%28MB%2CNone%2C8%29%22TTDA-1%22%24&retrieveFormat=MULTIPAGE_DOCUMENT&userGroupName=corlonli&inPS=true&contentSet=LTO&&docId=&docLevel=FASCIMILE&workId=&relevancePageBatch=CS84501613&contentSet=UDVIN&callistoContentSet=UDVIN&docPage=article&hilite=y | |||
|newspaper=The Times | |newspaper=The Times | ||
|pages=5 | |pages=5 | ||
|issue=55648 | |issue=55648 | ||
|date=13 March 1963}} | |date=13 March 1963 | ||
</ref> | |archive-date=29 November 2014 | ||
|access-date=17 November 2014 | |||
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129184711/http://find.galegroup.com/ttda/newspaperRetrieve.do?sgHitCountType=None&sort=DateAscend&tabID=T003&prodId=TTDA&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchId=R1&searchType=BasicSearchForm¤tPosition=31&qrySerId=Locale%28en%2C%2C%29%3AFQE%3D%28tx%2CNone%2C11%29Baskerville%3AAnd%3ALQE%3D%28da%2CNone%2C11%291960+-+1970%3AAnd%3ALQE%3D%28MB%2CNone%2C8%29%22TTDA-1%22%24&retrieveFormat=MULTIPAGE_DOCUMENT&userGroupName=corlonli&inPS=true&contentSet=LTO&&docId=&docLevel=FASCIMILE&workId=&relevancePageBatch=CS84501613&contentSet=UDVIN&callistoContentSet=UDVIN&docPage=article&hilite=y | |||
|url-status=live | |||
}}</ref> | |||
<ref name="Curtis"> | <ref name="Curtis"> | ||
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[[Category:Artists from Birmingham, West Midlands]] | [[Category:Artists from Birmingham, West Midlands]] | ||
[[Category:Burials at Warstone Lane Cemetery]] | [[Category:Burials at Warstone Lane Cemetery]] | ||
[[Category:18th-century British businesspeople]] | |||