April 8: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 01:14, 3 May 2026

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Events

Pre-1600

217 – Roman emperor Caracalla is assassinated and is succeeded by his Praetorian Guard prefect, Marcus Opellius Macrinus.^[1]
876 – The Battle of Dayr al-'Aqul saves Baghdad from the Saffarids.^[2]
1139 – Roger II of Sicily is excommunicated by Innocent II for supporting Anacletus II as pope for seven years, even though Roger had already publicly recognized Innocent's claim to the papacy.^[3]
1143 – Manuel I Komnenos succeeds his father John II Komnenos as Byzantine Emperor.^[4]
1232 – Mongol–Jin War: The Mongols begin their siege on Kaifeng, the capital of the Jin dynasty.^[5]
1250 – Seventh Crusade: Ayyubids of Egypt capture King Louis IX of France in the Battle of Fariskur.^[6]
1271 – Fall of Krak des Chevaliers: In Syria, sultan Baibars conquers the Krak des Chevaliers.^[7]

1601–1900

1605 – The city of Oulu, Finland, is founded by Charles IX of Sweden.^[8]
1730 – Shearith Israel, the first synagogue in continental North America, is dedicated.^[9]
1812 – Czar Alexander I, the Russian Emperor and the Grand Duke of Finland, officially announces the transfer of the status of the Finnish capital from Turku to Helsinki.^[10]^[11]
1820 – The Venus de Milo is discovered on the Aegean island of Milos.^[12]
1832 – Black Hawk War: Around 300 United States 6th Infantry troops leave St. Louis, Missouri to fight the Sauk Native Americans.^[13]
1866 – Austro-Prussian War: Italy and Prussia sign a secret alliance against the Austrian Empire.^[14]
1886 – William Ewart Gladstone introduces the first Irish Home Rule Bill into the British House of Commons.^[15]
1895 – In Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co. the Supreme Court of the United States declares unapportioned income tax to be unconstitutional.^[16]^[17]

1901–present

1904 – The French Third Republic and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland sign the Entente cordiale.^[18]
1933 – The Australian state of Western Australia votes to secede from the federation in a non-binding referendum, although efforts to implement the result prove unsuccessful.^[19]
1940 – The Central Committee of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party elects Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal as General Secretary, marking the beginning of his 44-year-long tenure as de facto leader of Mongolia.^[20]
1954 – A Royal Canadian Air Force Canadair Harvard collides with a Trans-Canada Airlines Canadair North Star over Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, killing 37 people.^[21]
1954 – South African Airways Flight 201: A de Havilland DH.106 Comet 1 crashes into the sea during night killing 21 people.^[22]
1959 – A team of computer manufacturers, users, and university people led by Grace Hopper meets to discuss the creation of a new programming language that would be called COBOL.^[23]
1959 – The Organization of American States drafts an agreement to create the Inter-American Development Bank.^[24]
1960 – The Netherlands and West Germany sign an agreement to negotiate the return of German land annexed by the Dutch in return for 280 million German marks as Wiedergutmachung.^[25]
1968 – BOAC Flight 712 catches fire shortly after takeoff. As a result of her actions in the accident, Barbara Jane Harrison is awarded a posthumous George Cross, the only GC awarded to a woman in peacetime.^[26]
1970 – Bahr El-Baqar primary school bombing: Israeli bombers strike an Egyptian school. Forty-six children are killed.^[27]
1974 – Hank Aaron passes Babe Ruth as the all-time leader in career home runs by hitting his 715th home run off of Al Downing at Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium.^[28]
1975 – Voyageurs National Park is established by the U.S. Congress.^[29]
1990 – The conservative New Democracy party of Constantine Mitsotakis is elected in the Greek parliamentary election.^[30]
1993 – The Space Shuttle Discovery is launched on mission STS-56.^[31]
2002 – The Space Shuttle Atlantis is launched on mission STS-110, carrying the S0 truss to the International Space Station. Astronaut Jerry L. Ross also becomes the first person to fly on seven spaceflights.^[32]
2005 – A solar eclipse occurs, visible over areas of the Pacific Ocean and Latin American countries such as Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia and Venezuela.^[33]
2010 – U.S. President Barack Obama and Russian President Dmitry Medvedev sign the New START Treaty.^[34]
2014 – Windows XP reaches its standard End Of Life and is no longer supported.^[35]
2020 – Bernie Sanders ends his presidential campaign, leaving Joe Biden as the Democratic Party's nominee.^[36]
2024 – Solar eclipse: A total solar eclipse takes place at the Moon's ascending node, visible across North America.^[37]
2026 – Operation Eternal Darkness: Hours after a ceasefire to the Iran war, Israeli attacks on Lebanon kill at least 357 and injures more than 1200 people in the largest airstrikes of the Lebanon war.^[38]

Births

Pre-1600

1320 – Peter I of Portugal (died 1367)
1408 – Jadwiga of Lithuania, Polish princess (died 1431)
1435 – John Clifford, 9th Baron de Clifford, English noble (died 1461)^[39]
1533 – Claudio Merulo, Italian organist and composer (died 1604)^[40]
1536 – Barbara of Hesse (died 1597)
1541 – Michele Mercati, Italian physician and archaeologist (died 1593)
1580 – William Herbert, 3rd Earl of Pembroke, English noble, courtier and patron of the arts (died 1630)
1596 – Juan van der Hamen, Spanish artist (died 1631)

1601–1900

1605 – Philip IV of Spain (died 1665)
1605 – Mary Stuart, English-Scottish princess (died 1607)
1641 – Henry Sydney, 1st Earl of Romney, English general and politician, Secretary of State for the Northern Department (died 1704)
1692 – Giuseppe Tartini, Italian violinist and composer (died 1770)
1726 – Lewis Morris, American judge and politician (died 1798)
1732 – David Rittenhouse, American astronomer and mathematician (died 1796)
1761 – William Joseph Chaminade, French priest, founded the Society of Mary (died 1850)
1770 – John Thomas Campbell, Irish-Australian banker and politician (died 1830)
1798 – Dionysios Solomos, Greek poet and author (died 1857)
1818 – Christian IX, King of Denmark (died 1906)
1818 – August Wilhelm von Hofmann, German chemist and academic (died 1892)
1826 – Pancha Carrasco, Costa Rican soldier (died 1890)
1827 – Ramón Emeterio Betances, Puerto Rican ophthalmologist, journalist, and politician (died 1898)^[41]
1842 – Elizabeth Bacon Custer, American author and educator (died 1933)
1859 – Edmund Husserl, German Jewish-Austrian mathematician and philosopher (died 1938)
1864 – Carlos Deltour, French rower and rugby player (died 1920)
1867 – Allen Butler Talcott, American painter and educator (died 1908)
1869 – Harvey Cushing, American surgeon and academic (died 1939)
1871 – Clarence Hudson White, American photographer and educator (died 1925)
1874 – Manuel Díaz, Cuban fencer (died 1929)
1874 – Stanisław Taczak, Polish general (died 1960)
1875 – Albert I of Belgium (died 1934)
1882 (O.S. 27 March) – Dmytro Doroshenko, Lithuanian-Ukrainian historian and politician, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine and Prime Minister of Ukraine (died 1951)
1883 – R. P. Keigwin, English cricketer and academic (died 1972)
1883 – Julius Seljamaa, Estonian journalist and politician, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Estonia (died 1936)
1885 – Dimitrios Levidis, Greek-French soldier, composer, and educator (died 1951)
1886 – Margaret Ayer Barnes, American author and playwright (died 1967)^[42]
1888 – Dennis Chávez, American journalist and politician (died 1962)
1889 – Adrian Boult, English conductor (died 1983)
1892 – Richard Neutra, Austrian-American architect, designer of the Los Angeles County Hall of Records (died 1970)
1892 – Mary Pickford, Canadian-American actress, producer, screenwriter and co-founder of United Artists (died 1979)^[43]
1896 – Yip Harburg, American composer (died 1981)
1900 – Marie Byles, Australian solicitor (died 1979)^[44]

1901–present

1902 – Andrew Irvine, English mountaineer and explorer (died 1924)
1902 – Maria Maksakova Sr., Russian soprano (died 1974)
1904 – John Hicks, English economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1989)
1904 – Hirsch Jacobs, American horse trainer (died 1970)
1905 – Joachim Büchner, German sprinter and graphic designer (died 1978)
1905 – Helen Joseph, English-South African activist (died 1992)
1905 – Erwin Keller, German field hockey player (died 1971)
1906 – Raoul Jobin, Canadian tenor and educator (died 1974)
1908 – Hugo Fregonese, Argentinian director and screenwriter (died 1987)^[45]
1909 – John Fante, American author and screenwriter (died 1983)
1910 – George Musso, American football player and police officer (died 2000)
1911 – Melvin Calvin, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1997)
1911 – Emil Cioran, Romanian-French philosopher and academic (died 1995)
1912 – Alois Brunner, Austrian-German SS officer (died 2001 or 2010)
1912 – Sonja Henie, Norwegian-American figure skater and actress (died 1969)
1914 – María Félix, Yaqui/Basque-Mexican actress (died 2002)
1915 – Ivan Supek, Croatian physicist, philosopher and writer (died 2007)
1917 – Winifred Asprey, American mathematician and computer scientist (died 2007)
1917 – Lloyd Bott, Australian public servant (died 2004)
1917 – Hubertus Ernst, Dutch bishop (died 2017)
1917 – Grigori Kuzmin, Russian-Estonian astronomer (died 1988)
1918 – Betty Ford, American wife of Gerald Ford, 40th First Lady of the United States (died 2011)
1918 – Glendon Swarthout, American author and academic (died 1992)
1919 – Ian Smith, Zimbabwean lieutenant and politician, 1st Prime Minister of Rhodesia (died 2007)
1921 – Franco Corelli, Italian tenor and actor (died 2003)
1920 – Carmen McRae, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and actress (died 1994)
1921 – Jan Novák, Czech composer (died 1984)
1921 – Herman van Raalte, Dutch footballer (died 2013)
1923 – George Fisher, American cartoonist (died 2003)
1923 – Edward Mulhare, Irish-American actor (died 1997)
1924 – Frédéric Back, German-Canadian animator, director, and screenwriter (died 2013)
1924 – Anthony Farrar-Hockley, English general and historian (died 2006)
1924 – Kumar Gandharva, Hindustani classical singer (died 1992)
1924 – Sara Northrup Hollister, American occultist (died 1997)
1926 – Henry N. Cobb, American architect and academic, co-founded Pei Cobb Freed & Partners (died 2020)
1926 – Shecky Greene, American comedian (died 2023)
1926 – Jürgen Moltmann, German theologian and academic (died 2024)
1927 – Tilly Armstrong, English author (died 2010)
1927 – Ollie Mitchell, American trumpet player and bandleader (died 2013)
1928 – Fred Ebb, American lyricist (died 2004)
1929 – Jacques Brel, Belgian singer-songwriter and actor (died 1978)
1929 – Renzo De Felice, Italian historian and author (died 1996)
1930 – Carlos Hugo, Duke of Parma (died 2010)
1931 – John Gavin, American actor and diplomat, United States Ambassador to Mexico (died 2018)^[46]
1931 – Jack Le Goff, French equestrian (died 2009)^[47]
1932 – Iskandar of Johor (died 2010)
1933 – James Lockhart, American scholar of colonial Latin America, especially Nahua peoples (died 2014)
1934 – Kisho Kurokawa, Japanese architect, designed the Nakagin Capsule Tower and Singapore Flyer (died 2007)
1935 – Oscar Zeta Acosta, American lawyer and politician (died 1974)
1935 – Albert Bustamante, American soldier, educator, and politician (died 2021)
1936 – Ghassan Kanafani, Palestinian author and politician (died 1972)
1937 – Tony Barton, English footballer and manager (died 1993)^[48]
1937 – Seymour Hersh, American journalist and author
1937 – Momo Kapor, Serbian author and painter (died 2010)
1938 – Kofi Annan, Ghanaian economist and diplomat, 7th Secretary-General of the United Nations (died 2018)
1938 – John Hamm, Canadian physician and politician, 25th Premier of Nova Scotia
1938 – Mary W. Gray, American mathematician, statistician, and lawyer
1939 – Manolis Angelopoulos, Greek singer, composer and songwriter (died 1989)^[49]
1939 – John Arbuthnott, Scottish microbiologist and academic (died 2023)
1939 – Trina Schart Hyman, American author and illustrator (died 2004)
1939 – Martin J. Schreiber, American politician, 39th Governor of Wisconsin^[50]
1940 – John Havlicek, American basketball player (died 2019)
1941 – Vivienne Westwood, English fashion designer (died 2022)
1942 – Tony Banks, Baron Stratford, Northern Irish politician, Minister for Sport and the Olympics (died 2006)
1942 – Roger Chapman, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
1942 – Douglas Trumbull, American director, producer, and special effects artist (died 2022)
1943 – Michael Bennett, American dancer, choreographer, and director (died 1987)
1943 – Miller Farr, American football player (died 2023)
1943 – James Herbert, English author and illustrator (died 2013)
1943 – Chris Orr, English painter and illustrator
1944 – Hywel Bennett, Welsh actor (died 2017)
1944 – Odd Nerdrum, Swedish-Norwegian painter and illustrator
1945 – Derrick Walker, Scottish businessman
1945 – Jang Yong, South Korean actor
1946 – Catfish Hunter, American baseball player (died 1999)
1946 – Tim Thomerson, American actor and producer
1947 – Tom DeLay, American lawyer and politician
1947 – Steve Howe, English guitarist, songwriter, and producer
1947 – Pascal Lamy, French businessman and politician, European Commissioner for Trade
1947 – Larry Norman, American singer-songwriter, and producer (died 2008)
1948 – Barbara Young, Baroness Young of Old Scone, Scottish academic and politician
1949 – K. C. Kamalasabayson, Sri Lankan lawyer and politician, 39th Attorney General of Sri Lanka (died 2007)
1949 – John Madden, English director and producer
1949 – Brenda Russell, African-American-Canadian singer-songwriter and keyboard player
1949 – John Scott, English sociologist and academic
1950 – Grzegorz Lato, Polish footballer and coach
1951 – Gerd Andres, German politician
1951 – Geir Haarde, Icelandic economist, journalist, and politician, 23rd Prime Minister of Iceland
1951 – Mel Schacher, American bass player
1951 – Joan Sebastian, Mexican singer-songwriter and actor (died 2015)
1951 – Phil Schaap, American jazz disc jockey and historian (died 2021)^[51]^[52]
1952 – Ahmet Piriştina, Turkish politician (died 2004)
1954 – Gary Carter, American baseball player and coach (died 2012)
1954 – Princess Lalla Amina of Morocco (died 2012)
1954 – G.V. Loganathan, Indian-American engineer and academic (died 2007)
1955 – Gerrie Coetzee, South African boxer (died 2023)
1955 – Ron Johnson, American businessman and politician^[53]
1955 – Barbara Kingsolver, American novelist, essayist and poet^[54]
1955 – David Wu, Taiwanese-American lawyer and politician^[55]
1956 – Michael Benton, Scottish-English paleontologist and academic
1956 – Christine Boisson, French actress
1956 – Roman Dragoun, Czech singer-songwriter and keyboard player
1958 – Detlef Bruckhoff, German footballer
1958 – Tom Petranoff, American javelin thrower and coach
1959 – Alain Bondue, French cyclist
1960 – John Schneider, American actor and country singer
1961 – Richard Hatch, American reality contestant
1961 – Brian McDermott, English footballer and manager
1962 – Paddy Lowe, English engineer
1962 – Izzy Stradlin, American guitarist and songwriter
1963 – Tine Asmundsen, Norwegian bassist
1963 – Julian Lennon, English singer-songwriter
1963 – Dean Norris, American actor^[56]
1963 – Terry Porter, American basketball player and coach
1963 – Donita Sparks, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
1963 – Alec Stewart, English cricketer
1964 – Biz Markie, American rapper, producer, and actor (died 2021)
1964 – John McGinlay, Scottish footballer and manager
1965 – Steven Blaney, Canadian businessman and politician, 5th Canadian Minister of Public Safety
1965 – Michael Jones, New Zealand rugby player and coach
1966 – Iveta Bartošová, Czech singer and actress (died 2014)
1966 – Mark Blundell, English race car driver
1966 – Andy Currier, English rugby league player
1966 – Charlotte Dawson, New Zealand-Australian television host (died 2014)
1966 – Dalton Grant, English high jumper
1966 – Mazinho, Brazilian footballer, coach, and manager
1966 – Harri Rovanperä, Finnish race car driver
1966 – Evripidis Stylianidis, Greek lawyer and politician, Greek Minister for the Interior
1966 – Robin Wright, American actress, director, producer
1967 – Kenny Benjamin, Antiguan cricketer
1968 – Patricia Arquette, American actress and director
1968 – Patricia Girard, French runner and hurdler
1968 – Tracy Grammer, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
1971 – Darren Jessee, American singer-songwriter and drummer
1972 – Paul Gray, American bass player and songwriter (died 2010)
1972 – Sergei Magnitsky, Russian lawyer and accountant (died 2009)
1973 – Khaled Badra, Tunisian footballer
1973 – Emma Caulfield, American actress
1973 – Christof May, German theologian^[57]
1974 – Toutai Kefu, Tongan-Australian rugby player
1974 – Chris Kyle, American sniper and memoirist (died 2013)^[58]
1974 – Nnedi Okorafor, Nigerian-American author and educator
1974 – Nayden Todorov, Bulgarian conductor and culture minister^[59]
1975 – Anouk, Dutch singer
1975 – Francesco Flachi, Italian footballer
1975 – Timo Pérez, Dominican-American baseball player
1975 – Funda Arar, Turkish singer
1977 – Ana de la Reguera, Mexican actress
1977 – Mehran Ghassemi, Iranian journalist and author (died 2008)
1977 – Mark Spencer, American computer programmer and engineer
1978 – Daigo, Japanese singer-songwriter, actor, and voice actor
1978 – Bernt Haas, Austrian-Swiss footballer
1978 – Rachel Roberts, Canadian model and actress
1978 – Jocelyn Robichaud, Canadian tennis player and coach
1978 – Evans Rutto, Kenyan runner
1979 – Alexi Laiho, Finnish singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2020)
1979 – Amit Trivedi, Indian singer-songwriter
1980 – Manuel Ortega, Austrian singer
1980 – Katee Sackhoff, American actress
1980 – Mariko Seyama, Japanese announcer, photographer, and model
1981 – Frédérick Bousquet, French swimmer
1981 – Taylor Kitsch, Canadian actor and model^[60]
1981 – Ofer Shechter, Israeli model, actor, and screenwriter
1982 – Gennady Golovkin, Kazakhstani boxer
1982 – Brett White, Australian rugby league player
1982 – Allu Arjun, Indian actor
1983 – Tatyana Petrova Arkhipova, Russian runner
1984 – Michelle Donelan, British politician
1984 – Ezra Koenig, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
1984 – Pablo Portillo, Mexican singer and actor
1984 – Taran Noah Smith, American actor
1985 – Patrick Schliwa, German rugby player
1985 – Yemane Tsegay, Ethiopian runner
1986 – Igor Akinfeev, Russian footballer
1986 – Félix Hernández, Venezuelan baseball player
1986 – Carlos Santana, Dominican baseball player^[61]
1987 – Royston Drenthe, Dutch footballer
1987 – Jeremy Hellickson, American baseball player
1987 – Elton John, Trinidadian footballer^[62]
1987 – Sam Rapira, New Zealand rugby league player
1988 – Jenni Asserholt, Swedish ice hockey player
1989 – Matty Healy, English singer-songwriter and producer^[63]
1990 – Kim Jong-hyun, South Korean singer (died 2017)^[64]^[65]
1992 – Jeff McNeil, American baseball player^[66]
1993 – Viktor Arvidsson, Swedish ice hockey player
1993 – TBJZL, English YouTuber^[67]
1994 – Josh Chudleigh, Australian rugby league player
1995 – Forrest Frank, American singer-songwriter^[68]
1995 – Cedi Osman, Turkish professional basketball player
1996 – Anna Korakaki, Greek Olympic shooter^[69]
1997 – Kim Woo-jin, South Korean singer^[70]
1997 – Saygrace, Australian singer and songwriter^[71]
1997 – Roquan Smith, American football player^[72]
1997 – Arno Verschueren, Belgian footballer
1997 – Keira Walsh, English footballer^[73]
1998 – Lavinia Valbonesi, Ecuadorian nutritionist, businesswoman and First Lady of Ecuador^[74]
1999 – CeeDee Lamb, American football player^[75]
2002 – Jamie Drysdale, Canadian ice hockey player^[76]
2002 – Viktória Forster, Slovak track and field athlete^[77]
2002 – Skai Jackson, American actress^[78]
2005 – Zaccharie Risacher, French basketball player^[79]
2013 – Big Justice, American social media personality^[80]

Deaths

Pre-1600

217 – Caracalla, Roman emperor (born 188)^[81]
622 – Shōtoku, Japanese prince (born 572)
632 – Charibert II, Frankish king (born 607)
894 – Adalelm, Frankish nobleman
944 – Wang Yanxi, Chinese emperor
956 – Gilbert, Frankish nobleman
967 – Mu'izz al-Dawla, Buyid emir (born 915)
1143 – John II Komnenos, Byzantine emperor (born 1087)
1150 – Gertrude of Babenberg, duchess of Bohemia (born 1118)
1321 – Thomas of Tolentino, Italian-Franciscan missionary (born c. 1255)
1338 – Stephen Gravesend, bishop of London
1364 – John II, French king (born 1319)
1450 – Sejong the Great, Korean king (born 1397)
1461 – Georg von Peuerbach, German mathematician and astronomer (born 1423)
1492 – Lorenzo de' Medici, Italian ruler (born 1449)
1551 – Oda Nobuhide, Japanese warlord (born 1510)
1586 – Martin Chemnitz, Lutheran theologian and reformer (born 1522)

1601–1900

1608 – Magdalen Dacre, English noble (born 1538)
1612 – Anne Catherine of Brandenburg (born 1575)
1691 – Carlo Rainaldi, Italian architect, designed the Santa Maria dei Miracoli and Santa Maria in Montesanto (born 1611)
1697 – Niels Juel, Norwegian-Danish admiral (born 1629)
1704 – Hiob Ludolf, German orientalist and philologist (born 1624)
1704 – Henry Sydney, 1st Earl of Romney, English colonel and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (born 1641)
1709 – Wolfgang Dietrich of Castell-Remlingen, German nobleman (born 1641)
1725 – John Wise, American minister (born 1652)
1735 – Francis II Rákóczi, Hungarian prince (born 1676)
1848 – Gaetano Donizetti, Italian composer (born 1797)
1860 – István Széchenyi, Hungarian statesman and reformer (born 1791)^[82]
1861 – Elisha Otis, American businessman, founded the Otis Elevator Company (born 1811)
1870 – Charles Auguste de Bériot, Belgian violinist and composer (born 1802)
1877 – Bernardino António Gomes, Portuguese physician and naturalist (born 1806)^[83]
1894 – Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay, Indian journalist, author, and poet (born 1838)

1901–present

1906 – Auguste Deter, German woman, first person diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (born 1850)
1919 – Loránd Eötvös, Hungarian physicist, academic, and politician, Hungarian Minister of Education (born 1848)
1920 – Charles Griffes, American pianist and composer (born 1884)
1931 – Erik Axel Karlfeldt, Swedish poet Nobel Prize laureate (born 1864)
1936 – Róbert Bárány, Austrian physician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1876)
1936 – Božena Benešová, Czech poet and novelist (born 1873)
1941 – Marcel Prévost, French novelist and playwright (born 1862)
1942 – Kostas Skarvelis, Greek guitarist and composer (born 1880)
1947 – Olaf Frydenlund, Norwegian target shooter (born 1862)
1950 – Vaslav Nijinsky, Polish dancer and choreographer (born 1890)
1959 – Marios Makrionitis, Roman Catholic Archbishop of Athens (born 1913)
1961 – Joseph Carrodus, Australian public servant (born 1885)
1962 – Juan Belmonte, Spanish bullfighter (born 1892)
1965 – Lars Hanson, Swedish actor (born 1886)
1969 – Zinaida Aksentyeva, Ukrainian astronomer (born 1900)
1973 – Pablo Picasso, Spanish painter and sculptor (born 1881)
1974 – James Charles McGuigan, Canadian cardinal (born 1894)
1979 – Breece D'J Pancake, American short story writer (born 1952)
1981 – Omar Bradley, American general (born 1893)
1983 – Isamu Kosugi, Japanese actor and director (born 1904)
1984 – Pyotr Kapitsa, Russian physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1894)
1985 – John Frederick Coots, American pianist and composer (born 1897)
1990 – Ryan White, American activist, inspired the Ryan White Care Act (born 1971)
1991 – Per Ohlin, Swedish musician (born 1969)
1992 – Daniel Bovet, Swiss-Italian pharmacologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1907)
1993 – Marian Anderson, American operatic singer (born 1897)
1994 – François Rozet, French-Canadian actor (born 1899)
1996 – Ben Johnson, American actor and stuntman (born 1918)
1996 – León Klimovsky, Argentinian-Spanish actor, director, and screenwriter (born 1906)
1996 – Mick Young, Australian politician (born 1936)
1997 – Laura Nyro, American singer-songwriter and pianist (born 1947)
2000 – František Šťastný, Czech motorcycle racer (born 1927)
2000 – Claire Trevor, American actress (born 1910)
2002 – María Félix, Mexican actress (born 1914)
2002 – Harvey Quaytman, American painter (born 1937)
2004 – Werner Schumacher, German actor (born 1921)
2005 – Onna White, Canadian choreographer and dancer (born 1922)
2006 – Gerard Reve, Dutch author and poet (born 1923)
2007 – Sol LeWitt, American painter and sculptor (born 1928)
2008 – Kazuo Shiraga, Japanese painter (born 1924)
2009 – Richard de Mille, American Scientologist, author, investigative journalist, and psychologist (born 1922)
2009 – Piotr Morawski, Polish mountaineer (born 1976)
2010 – Antony Flew, English philosopher and academic (born 1923)^[84]
2010 – Malcolm McLaren, English singer-songwriter (born 1946)
2010 – Teddy Scholten, Dutch singer (born 1926)
2011 – Hedda Sterne, Romanian-American painter and photographer (born 1910)
2012 – Blair Kiel, American football player and coach (born 1961)
2012 – Jack Tramiel, Polish-American businessman, founded Commodore International (born 1928)
2012 – Janusz K. Zawodny, Polish-American soldier, historian, and political scientist (born 1921)
2013 – Mikhail Beketov, Russian journalist (born 1958)
2013 – Annette Funicello, American actress and singer (born 1942)
2013 – Sara Montiel, Spanish-Mexican actress and singer (born 1928)
2013 – José Luis Sampedro, Spanish economist and author (born 1917)
2013 – Margaret Thatcher, English politician, first female Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (born 1925)^[85]
2014 – Emmanuel III Delly, Iraqi patriarch (born 1927)
2014 – Karlheinz Deschner, German author and activist (born 1924)
2014 – Ivan Mercep, New Zealand architect, designed the Te Papa Tongarewa Museum (born 1930)
2015 – Jayakanthan, Indian journalist and author (born 1934)
2015 – Rayson Huang, Hong Kong chemist and academic (born 1920)
2015 – Sergei Lashchenko, Ukrainian kick-boxer (born 1987)
2015 – David Laventhol, American journalist and publisher (born 1933)
2015 – Jean-Claude Turcotte, Canadian cardinal (born 1936)
2019 – Josine Ianco-Starrels, Romanian-born American art curator (born 1926)^[86]
2020 – Rick May, American-Canadian voice actor (born 1940)^[87]
2020 – Abdul Momin Imambari, Bangladeshi Islamic scholar (born 1930)^[88]
2022 – Mimi Reinhardt, Jewish Austrian secretary (born 1915)^[89]
2024 – Keith Barnes, Welsh-Australian rugby league player and coach (born 1934)^[90]
2024 – Peter Higgs, British physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1929)^[91]
2024 – Ralph Puckett, American Army officer, Medal of Honor recipient (born 1926)^[92]
2025 – Nelsy Cruz, Dominican politician, governor of Monte Cristi (born 1982)^[93]

Holidays and observances

Buddha's Birthday, also known as Hana Matsuri, "Flower Festival" (Japan)
Christian feast day:
Earliest day on which Fast and Prayer Day can fall, while April 14 is the latest; celebrated on the second Friday in April (Liberia)
International Romani Day

References

↑ Ando, Clifford (2012). Imperial Rome AD 193 to 284: The Critical Century. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. pp. 62–63. ISBN 9780748620500.
↑ Popović, Alexander (1999). The Revolt of African Slaves in Iraq in the 3rd/9th Century. Princeton, N.J.: Markus Wiener Publishers. p. 74. ISBN 9781558761629.
↑ Norwich, John Julius (2011). Absolute Monarchs: A History of the Papacy. New York: Random House. pp. 135–136. ISBN 9781400067152.
↑ A Chronology of the Byzantine Empire. Basingstoke [England] ; New York: Palgrave Macmillan. 2006. p. 477. ISBN 978-1-4039-1774-4.
↑ Jaques, Tony; Showalter, Dennis E. (2007). Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: A Guide to 8,500 Battles From Antiquity Through the Twenty-First Century. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press. p. 502. ISBN 9780313335365.
↑ Tucker, Spencer C. (2010). "Overview of 1200-1400: Chronology". In Tucker, Spencer C. (ed.). A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East. Vol.1: ca. 3000 BCE—1499 CE. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC=CLIO. p. 282. ISBN 9781851096671.
↑ Baumer, Christopher (2017). The History of Central Asia. Volume 3: The Age of Islam and the Mongols. London: I.B. Tauris & Co. p. 219. ISBN 9781784534905.
↑ Some History – City of Oulu
↑ Sarna, Jonathan D. (1995). "The Evolution of the American Synagogue". In Seltzer, Robert M.; Cohen, Norman J. (eds.). The Americanization of the Jews. New York: New York University Press. p. 217. ISBN 9780814788806.
↑ "Bicentennial of Helsinki as Finnish capital". Yle News. April 8, 2012. Retrieved April 8, 2022.
↑ "Lobbying for Helsinki 200 years ago". Helsinki Times. April 19, 2012. Retrieved April 8, 2022.
↑ "Venus de Milo | sculpture". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved April 8, 2020.
↑ McGuire, Randy R. (2001). St. Louis Arsenal: Armory of the West. Chicago: Arcadia Publishing. p. 36. ISBN 9780738507804.
↑ Wawro, Geoffrey (1996). The Austro-Prussian War: Austria's War With Prussia and Italy in 1866. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. p. 43, fn. 18. ISBN 9780521560597.
↑ Altholz, Josef L. (2000). Selected Documents in Irish History. Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe. p. 101. ISBN 9780765605412.
↑ Jones, Francis R. (1895). "Pollock v. Farmers' Loan and Trust Company". Harvard Law Review. 9 (3): 198. doi:10.2307/1321669. Retrieved April 8, 2026.
↑ Putney, Albert H. (1985) [1908]. Constitutional History and Law. Littleton, Colo: F.B. Rothman & Co. ISBN 978-0-8377-1021-1.
↑ "BBC - History : British History Timeline". www.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved October 8, 2020.
↑ Fletcher, Robert; Mountford, Benjamin (2023). "'Westralia shall be free!': the secession of Western Australia and the state of the British Empire, 1933–1935". Contemporary British History. 37 (3): 367–397. doi:10.1080/13619462.2023.2217106.
↑ "Миний мэдэх Бал дарга – Юмжаагийн Цэдэнбал". tsedenbal.mn (in Mongolian). November 21, 2020. Retrieved April 4, 2022.
↑ "On this day: The Moose Jaw Air Crash (April 8th, 1954)". June 25, 2014. Retrieved January 27, 2020.
↑ Whitney, Peter D. (April 10, 1954). "Comet Wreckage Found in Sea; 3 Americans Among 21 Victims". The New York Times. p. 1. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved May 2, 2019.
↑ Gürer, Denise (June 1, 2002). "Pioneering Women in Computer Science". SIGCSE Bull. 34 (2): 175–180. doi:10.1145/543812.543853. ISSN 0097-8418. S2CID 2577644.
↑ "AGREEMENT ESTABLISHING THE INTER-AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT BAN". Organization of American States. Retrieved April 7, 2011.
↑ "Treaty Series - No. 7404 - NETHERLANDS and FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY" (PDF). United Nations. April 8, 1960. Retrieved August 9, 2020.
↑ "No. 44913". The London Gazette (Supplement). August 7, 1969. pp. 8211–8213. Crown Copyright The citation for Harrison's GC is on p.1, Davis-Gordon's BEM is on p.3
↑ "Middle East: In Cold Blood". Time. June 1, 1970. Archived from the original on April 28, 2009.
↑ "Atlanta Braves 7, Los Angeles Dodgers 4". Baseball-Reference.com. April 8, 1974.
↑ "Park History - Voyageurs National Park (U.S. National Park Service)". www.nps.gov. Retrieved March 10, 2026.
↑ Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p830 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
↑ Template:Citation-attribution
↑ "STS-110 Video Highlights". National Space Society. Archived from the original on December 12, 2013. Retrieved November 28, 2009.
↑ "Partial Solar Eclipse: April 8, 2005". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved June 10, 2022.
↑ "Barack Obama - Key Events | Miller Center". millercenter.org. October 7, 2016. Retrieved January 11, 2022.
↑ Security, Microsoft (August 15, 2013). "The Risk of Running Windows XP After Support Ends April 2014". Microsoft Security Blog. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
↑ "Bernie Sanders, who reshaped US politics, ends 2020 presidential run". The Guardian. April 8, 2020. Retrieved January 10, 2022.
↑ Carter, Jamie (April 8, 2019). "Countdown Begins To 'Great North American Eclipse', The Longest, Darkest and Best For 21 Years". Forbes. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
↑ "Israel pounds Lebanon with heaviest airstrikes of the war as Hezbollah pauses attacks". Reuters. April 8, 2026. Retrieved April 8, 2026.
↑ William Harbutt Dawson (1882). History of Skipton: (W. R. Yorks.). Simpkin, Marshall. p. 32.
↑ John Morehen (2000). Ricercari d'intavolatura d'organo: 1567. A-R Editions, Inc. p. 9. ISBN 978-0-89579-476-5.
↑ The San Juan review. 1965. p. 4.
↑ Taylor, Lloyd C. (1974). Margaret Ayer Barnes. Boston: Twayne Publishing. p. 17. ISBN 978-0-80570-037-4.
↑ Magill, Frank Northen (1995). Great Lives from History. Pasadena: Salem Press. p. 1447. ISBN 978-0-89356-896-2.
↑ Radi, Heather. "Byles, Marie Beuzeville (1900–1979)". Marie Byles. Canberra: Australian Dictionary of Biography.
↑ Robert Murphy (September 11, 2006). Directors in British and Irish Cinema: A Reference Companion. British Film Institute. p. 214. ISBN 978-1-84457-126-0.
↑ Ronald Bergan (April 14, 2018). "John Gavin obituary". The Guardian. Retrieved February 5, 2020.
↑ "Jack Le Goff". Olympedia. Retrieved March 12, 2024.
↑ "Tony Barton". neilbrown.newcastlefans.com. Retrieved April 11, 2025.
↑ "Σαν Σήμερα / To 1989 πεθαίνει στο Λονδίνο ο Μανώλης Αγγελόπουλος". LIFO (in Greek). April 2, 2015. Retrieved June 27, 2022.
↑ Hannan, Caryn (January 1, 2008). Wisconsin Biographical Dictionary. North American Book Dist LLC, Dec 1, 2008. p. 368. ISBN 9781878592637.
↑ Genzlinger, Neil (September 8, 2021). "Phil Schaap, Grammy-Winning Jazz D.J. and Historian, Dies at 70". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved September 9, 2021.
↑ Page, Tim (September 8, 2021). "Phil Schaap, jazz scholar, historian and broadcaster, dies at 70". The Washington Post. Retrieved September 9, 2021.
↑ Template:CongLinks
↑ Maryland Biographical Dictionary. Native Amer Books. 1999. p. 317. ISBN 9780403098231.
↑ Template:CongLinks
↑ Feser, Molly (April 9, 2021). "Dean Norris Shares Funny Breaking Bad Deleted Scene to Celebrate Birthday". Screen Rant. Retrieved March 27, 2023.
↑ "Dr. Christof May wird Domkapitular" (in German). Diocese of Limburg. November 7, 2022. Retrieved October 16, 2020.
↑ "Christopher Scott Kyle". Texas State Cemetery. Retrieved March 27, 2023.
↑ "Nayden Todorov". Apple. Retrieved March 15, 2024.
↑ Boardman, Madeline (April 8, 2016). "35 Photos of Taylor Kitsch for His 35th Birthday". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved March 27, 2023.
↑ "Carlos Santana". Major League Baseball. Retrieved March 27, 2023.
↑ "Trinidad and Tobago - e. John - Profile with news, career statistics and history - Soccerway".
↑ "Matty Healy". The Talks. October 14, 2022. Archived from the original on April 14, 2023. Retrieved June 21, 2024.
↑ Mark Russell (April 29, 2014). K-Pop Now!: The Korean Music Revolution. Tuttle Publishing. p. 67. ISBN 978-1-4629-1411-1. Archived from the original on May 27, 2016. Retrieved October 30, 2016.
↑ "Shinee singer Jonghyun: K-pop boy band superstar dies". BBC News. December 18, 2017. Archived from the original on December 18, 2017. Retrieved December 18, 2017.
↑ "Jeff McNeil". Major League Baseball. Retrieved March 27, 2023.
↑ Sidemen, The (October 18, 2016). Sidemen: The Book: The subject of the hit new Netflix documentary. Hodder & Stoughton. ISBN 978-1-4736-4819-7.
↑ "Forrest Frank". Apple Music. Retrieved April 7, 2025.
↑ "KORAKAKI Anna - Olympic Shooting | Greece". www.rio2016.com. Archived from the original on August 7, 2016. Retrieved June 30, 2022.
↑ Baek, Ji-eun (October 31, 2017). [화요일 예능] JYP '스트레이 키즈' 3회, 첫 탈락자 누구? 방찬·김우진·이민호·서창빈·황현진·한지성·필릭스·김승민·양정인. Global Economic (in Korean). Retrieved October 12, 2021.
↑ Colvin, Caroline (November 19, 2019). "Here's The Breakup Anthem You Should Jam Out To, Based On Your Zodiac Sign". Elite Daily. Archived from the original on April 6, 2023. SAYGRACE, who was born April 8, 1997, is a quintessential Aries: blunt, bold, and unafraid to give her opinion.
↑ "Roquan Smith". ESPN. Retrieved March 27, 2023.
↑ "FIFA Women's World Cup France 2019™ List of Players – England" (PDF). FIFA. May 27, 2019. p. 8. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 27, 2019. Retrieved May 27, 2019.
↑ "Lavinia Valbonesi, la influencer de 25 años que se ha convertido en primera dama de Ecuador" (in Spanish). La Razon. October 16, 2023. Retrieved October 17, 2023.
↑ "CeeDee Lamb". ESPN. Retrieved March 27, 2023.
↑ "Jamie Drysdale Stats and News". National Hockey League. Archived from the original on April 16, 2024. Retrieved June 21, 2024.
↑ "Viktória Forster". Slovenský olympijský tím (in Slovak). April 8, 2002. Retrieved August 14, 2023.
↑ "UPI Almanac for Wednesday, April 8, 2020". United Press International. April 8, 2020. Archived from the original on August 29, 2020. Retrieved June 21, 2024. ...actor Skai Jackson in 2002 (age 18)
↑ "Zaccharie Risacher Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft ..." basketball-reference.com. Retrieved April 7, 2025.
↑ Happy Birthday Big Justice‼️🇺🇸💯 #birthday #happybirthday #chipotle #family #fun #bigjustice #boom. Retrieved November 21, 2024 – via www.youtube.com.
↑ "Caracalla | Roman emperor". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved March 10, 2021.
↑ Gróf Széchenyi István írói és hírlapi vitája Kossuth Lajossal [Count Stephen Széchenyi's Literary and Publicistic Debate with Louis Kossuth], ed. Gyula Viszota, 2 vols. (Budapest: Magyar Történelmi Társulat, 1927–1930).
↑ Almeida, Maria Antónia Pires de (2014). "Combatendo epidemias: Bernardino António Gomes, Sousa Martins, Ricardo Jorge, Câmara Pestana, Almeida Garrett, Fernando da Silva Correia". In Rollo, Maria Fernanda; Nunes, Maria de Fátima; Esperança Pina, Madalena; Queiroz, Maria Inês (eds.). Espaços e Actores da Ciência em Portugal (XVIII-XX) (in Portuguese). Lisboa: Caleidoscópio. pp. 309–326. hdl:10071/12242. ISBN 9789896582746.
↑ "Professor Antony Flew". The Daily Telegraph (Obituary). April 13, 2010. Retrieved November 6, 2024.
↑ "Margaret Thatcher | Biography & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
↑ Muchnic, Suzanne (April 19, 2019). "Josine Ianco-Starrels, curator who helped shape L.A. art scene, dies at 92". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved April 20, 2019.
↑ "Rick May – In Memoriam". Rekindle School. April 8, 2020. Archived from the original on April 14, 2020. Retrieved April 13, 2020.
↑ "জমিয়তের আমীর শায়খ আব্দুল মুমিন মারা গেছেন". Bhorer Kagoj (in Bengali). April 8, 2020.
↑ "Mimi Reinhard obituary". The Guardian. April 27, 2022. Retrieved May 1, 2022.
↑ "Vale--Keith Barnes". NSW Rugby League. April 8, 2024. Retrieved April 8, 2024.
↑ Carrell, Severin; Sample, Ian (April 9, 2024). "Peter Higgs, physicist who proposed Higgs boson, dies aged 94". The Guardian. Retrieved April 10, 2024.
↑ Goldstein, Richard (April 8, 2024). "Col. Ralph Puckett Jr., Belated Medal of Honor Winner, Dies at 97". The New York Times. Retrieved April 10, 2024.
↑ "Nelsy Cruz, sister of former Mariners slugger Nelson Cruz, among dead in collapsed Dominican club". KIRO 7 News Seattle. April 9, 2025. Retrieved April 16, 2025.
↑ ^94.0 ^94.1 ^94.2 Martyrologium Romanum (2004). Administrationem Patrimonii Sedis Apostolicae in Civitate Vaticana. 2004. p. 225-226. Retrieved March 26, 2026.

External links

Template:Months

[1] Ando, Clifford (2012). Imperial Rome AD 193 to 284: The Critical Century. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. pp. 62–63. ISBN 9780748620500.

[2] Popović, Alexander (1999). The Revolt of African Slaves in Iraq in the 3rd/9th Century. Princeton, N.J.: Markus Wiener Publishers. p. 74. ISBN 9781558761629.

[3] Norwich, John Julius (2011). Absolute Monarchs: A History of the Papacy. New York: Random House. pp. 135–136. ISBN 9781400067152.

[4] A Chronology of the Byzantine Empire. Basingstoke [England] ; New York: Palgrave Macmillan. 2006. p. 477. ISBN 978-1-4039-1774-4.

[5] Jaques, Tony; Showalter, Dennis E. (2007). Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: A Guide to 8,500 Battles From Antiquity Through the Twenty-First Century. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press. p. 502. ISBN 9780313335365.

[6] Tucker, Spencer C. (2010). "Overview of 1200-1400: Chronology". In Tucker, Spencer C. (ed.). A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East. Vol.1: ca. 3000 BCE—1499 CE. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC=CLIO. p. 282. ISBN 9781851096671.

[7] Baumer, Christopher (2017). The History of Central Asia. Volume 3: The Age of Islam and the Mongols. London: I.B. Tauris & Co. p. 219. ISBN 9781784534905.

[8] Some History – City of Oulu

[9] Sarna, Jonathan D. (1995). "The Evolution of the American Synagogue". In Seltzer, Robert M.; Cohen, Norman J. (eds.). The Americanization of the Jews. New York: New York University Press. p. 217. ISBN 9780814788806.

[10] "Bicentennial of Helsinki as Finnish capital". Yle News. April 8, 2012. Retrieved April 8, 2022.

[11] "Lobbying for Helsinki 200 years ago". Helsinki Times. April 19, 2012. Retrieved April 8, 2022.

[12] "Venus de Milo | sculpture". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved April 8, 2020.

[13] McGuire, Randy R. (2001). St. Louis Arsenal: Armory of the West. Chicago: Arcadia Publishing. p. 36. ISBN 9780738507804.

[14] Wawro, Geoffrey (1996). The Austro-Prussian War: Austria's War With Prussia and Italy in 1866. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. p. 43, fn. 18. ISBN 9780521560597.

[15] Altholz, Josef L. (2000). Selected Documents in Irish History. Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe. p. 101. ISBN 9780765605412.

[16] Jones, Francis R. (1895). "Pollock v. Farmers' Loan and Trust Company". Harvard Law Review. 9 (3): 198. doi:10.2307/1321669. Retrieved April 8, 2026.

[17] Putney, Albert H. (1985) [1908]. Constitutional History and Law. Littleton, Colo: F.B. Rothman & Co. ISBN 978-0-8377-1021-1.

[18] "BBC - History : British History Timeline". www.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved October 8, 2020.

[19] Fletcher, Robert; Mountford, Benjamin (2023). "'Westralia shall be free!': the secession of Western Australia and the state of the British Empire, 1933–1935". Contemporary British History. 37 (3): 367–397. doi:10.1080/13619462.2023.2217106.

[20] "Миний мэдэх Бал дарга – Юмжаагийн Цэдэнбал". tsedenbal.mn (in Mongolian). November 21, 2020. Retrieved April 4, 2022.

[stf-21] "On this day: The Moose Jaw Air Crash (April 8th, 1954)". June 25, 2014. Retrieved January 27, 2020.

[whitney19540410-22] Whitney, Peter D. (April 10, 1954). "Comet Wreckage Found in Sea; 3 Americans Among 21 Victims". The New York Times. p. 1. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved May 2, 2019.

[23] Gürer, Denise (June 1, 2002). "Pioneering Women in Computer Science". SIGCSE Bull. 34 (2): 175–180. doi:10.1145/543812.543853. ISSN 0097-8418. S2CID 2577644.

[24] "AGREEMENT ESTABLISHING THE INTER-AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT BAN". Organization of American States. Retrieved April 7, 2011.

[tre-25] "Treaty Series - No. 7404 - NETHERLANDS and FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY" (PDF). United Nations. April 8, 1960. Retrieved August 9, 2020.

[Gazette-26] "No. 44913". The London Gazette (Supplement). August 7, 1969. pp. 8211–8213. Crown Copyright The citation for Harrison's GC is on p.1, Davis-Gordon's BEM is on p.3

[time-27] "Middle East: In Cold Blood". Time. June 1, 1970. Archived from the original on April 28, 2009.

[28] "Atlanta Braves 7, Los Angeles Dodgers 4". Baseball-Reference.com. April 8, 1974.

[29] "Park History - Voyageurs National Park (U.S. National Park Service)". www.nps.gov. Retrieved March 10, 2026.

[NS-30] Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p830 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7

[STS-56_Mission_Summary-31] Template:Citation-attribution

[32] "STS-110 Video Highlights". National Space Society. Archived from the original on December 12, 2013. Retrieved November 28, 2009.

[33] "Partial Solar Eclipse: April 8, 2005". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved June 10, 2022.

[34] "Barack Obama - Key Events | Miller Center". millercenter.org. October 7, 2016. Retrieved January 11, 2022.

[35] Security, Microsoft (August 15, 2013). "The Risk of Running Windows XP After Support Ends April 2014". Microsoft Security Blog. Retrieved December 5, 2022.

[36] "Bernie Sanders, who reshaped US politics, ends 2020 presidential run". The Guardian. April 8, 2020. Retrieved January 10, 2022.

[37] Carter, Jamie (April 8, 2019). "Countdown Begins To 'Great North American Eclipse', The Longest, Darkest and Best For 21 Years". Forbes. Retrieved March 23, 2024.

[38] "Israel pounds Lebanon with heaviest airstrikes of the war as Hezbollah pauses attacks". Reuters. April 8, 2026. Retrieved April 8, 2026.

[39] William Harbutt Dawson (1882). History of Skipton: (W. R. Yorks.). Simpkin, Marshall. p. 32.

[40] John Morehen (2000). Ricercari d'intavolatura d'organo: 1567. A-R Editions, Inc. p. 9. ISBN 978-0-89579-476-5.

[41] The San Juan review. 1965. p. 4.

[42] Taylor, Lloyd C. (1974). Margaret Ayer Barnes. Boston: Twayne Publishing. p. 17. ISBN 978-0-80570-037-4.

[43] Magill, Frank Northen (1995). Great Lives from History. Pasadena: Salem Press. p. 1447. ISBN 978-0-89356-896-2.

[44] Radi, Heather. "Byles, Marie Beuzeville (1900–1979)". Marie Byles. Canberra: Australian Dictionary of Biography.

[45] Robert Murphy (September 11, 2006). Directors in British and Irish Cinema: A Reference Companion. British Film Institute. p. 214. ISBN 978-1-84457-126-0.

[46] Ronald Bergan (April 14, 2018). "John Gavin obituary". The Guardian. Retrieved February 5, 2020.

[47] "Jack Le Goff". Olympedia. Retrieved March 12, 2024.

[48] "Tony Barton". neilbrown.newcastlefans.com. Retrieved April 11, 2025.

[49] "Σαν Σήμερα / To 1989 πεθαίνει στο Λονδίνο ο Μανώλης Αγγελόπουλος". LIFO (in Greek). April 2, 2015. Retrieved June 27, 2022.

[50] Hannan, Caryn (January 1, 2008). Wisconsin Biographical Dictionary. North American Book Dist LLC, Dec 1, 2008. p. 368. ISBN 9781878592637.

[51] Genzlinger, Neil (September 8, 2021). "Phil Schaap, Grammy-Winning Jazz D.J. and Historian, Dies at 70". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved September 9, 2021.

[52] Page, Tim (September 8, 2021). "Phil Schaap, jazz scholar, historian and broadcaster, dies at 70". The Washington Post. Retrieved September 9, 2021.

[53] Template:CongLinks

[54] Maryland Biographical Dictionary. Native Amer Books. 1999. p. 317. ISBN 9780403098231.

[55] Template:CongLinks

[56] Feser, Molly (April 9, 2021). "Dean Norris Shares Funny Breaking Bad Deleted Scene to Celebrate Birthday". Screen Rant. Retrieved March 27, 2023.

[Limburg-57] "Dr. Christof May wird Domkapitular" (in German). Diocese of Limburg. November 7, 2022. Retrieved October 16, 2020.

[58] "Christopher Scott Kyle". Texas State Cemetery. Retrieved March 27, 2023.

[59] "Nayden Todorov". Apple. Retrieved March 15, 2024.

[60] Boardman, Madeline (April 8, 2016). "35 Photos of Taylor Kitsch for His 35th Birthday". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved March 27, 2023.

[61] "Carlos Santana". Major League Baseball. Retrieved March 27, 2023.

[62] "Trinidad and Tobago - e. John - Profile with news, career statistics and history - Soccerway".

[63] "Matty Healy". The Talks. October 14, 2022. Archived from the original on April 14, 2023. Retrieved June 21, 2024.

[64] Mark Russell (April 29, 2014). K-Pop Now!: The Korean Music Revolution. Tuttle Publishing. p. 67. ISBN 978-1-4629-1411-1. Archived from the original on May 27, 2016. Retrieved October 30, 2016.

[65] "Shinee singer Jonghyun: K-pop boy band superstar dies". BBC News. December 18, 2017. Archived from the original on December 18, 2017. Retrieved December 18, 2017.

[66] "Jeff McNeil". Major League Baseball. Retrieved March 27, 2023.

[67] Sidemen, The (October 18, 2016). Sidemen: The Book: The subject of the hit new Netflix documentary. Hodder & Stoughton. ISBN 978-1-4736-4819-7.

[68] "Forrest Frank". Apple Music. Retrieved April 7, 2025.

[69] "KORAKAKI Anna - Olympic Shooting | Greece". www.rio2016.com. Archived from the original on August 7, 2016. Retrieved June 30, 2022.

[70] Baek, Ji-eun (October 31, 2017). [화요일 예능] JYP '스트레이 키즈' 3회, 첫 탈락자 누구? 방찬·김우진·이민호·서창빈·황현진·한지성·필릭스·김승민·양정인. Global Economic (in Korean). Retrieved October 12, 2021.

[71] Colvin, Caroline (November 19, 2019). "Here's The Breakup Anthem You Should Jam Out To, Based On Your Zodiac Sign". Elite Daily. Archived from the original on April 6, 2023. SAYGRACE, who was born April 8, 1997, is a quintessential Aries: blunt, bold, and unafraid to give her opinion.

[72] "Roquan Smith". ESPN. Retrieved March 27, 2023.

[73] "FIFA Women's World Cup France 2019™ List of Players – England" (PDF). FIFA. May 27, 2019. p. 8. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 27, 2019. Retrieved May 27, 2019.

[74] "Lavinia Valbonesi, la influencer de 25 años que se ha convertido en primera dama de Ecuador" (in Spanish). La Razon. October 16, 2023. Retrieved October 17, 2023.

[75] "CeeDee Lamb". ESPN. Retrieved March 27, 2023.

[76] "Jamie Drysdale Stats and News". National Hockey League. Archived from the original on April 16, 2024. Retrieved June 21, 2024.

[77] "Viktória Forster". Slovenský olympijský tím (in Slovak). April 8, 2002. Retrieved August 14, 2023.

[78] "UPI Almanac for Wednesday, April 8, 2020". United Press International. April 8, 2020. Archived from the original on August 29, 2020. Retrieved June 21, 2024. ...actor Skai Jackson in 2002 (age 18)

[79] "Zaccharie Risacher Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft ..." basketball-reference.com. Retrieved April 7, 2025.

[80] Happy Birthday Big Justice‼️🇺🇸💯 #birthday #happybirthday #chipotle #family #fun #bigjustice #boom. Retrieved November 21, 2024 – via www.youtube.com.

[81] "Caracalla | Roman emperor". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved March 10, 2021.

[82] Gróf Széchenyi István írói és hírlapi vitája Kossuth Lajossal [Count Stephen Széchenyi's Literary and Publicistic Debate with Louis Kossuth], ed. Gyula Viszota, 2 vols. (Budapest: Magyar Történelmi Társulat, 1927–1930).

[83] Almeida, Maria Antónia Pires de (2014). "Combatendo epidemias: Bernardino António Gomes, Sousa Martins, Ricardo Jorge, Câmara Pestana, Almeida Garrett, Fernando da Silva Correia". In Rollo, Maria Fernanda; Nunes, Maria de Fátima; Esperança Pina, Madalena; Queiroz, Maria Inês (eds.). Espaços e Actores da Ciência em Portugal (XVIII-XX) (in Portuguese). Lisboa: Caleidoscópio. pp. 309–326. hdl:10071/12242. ISBN 9789896582746.

[84] "Professor Antony Flew". The Daily Telegraph (Obituary). April 13, 2010. Retrieved November 6, 2024.

[85] "Margaret Thatcher | Biography & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved November 24, 2020.

[86] Muchnic, Suzanne (April 19, 2019). "Josine Ianco-Starrels, curator who helped shape L.A. art scene, dies at 92". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved April 20, 2019.

[Rekindle-87] "Rick May – In Memoriam". Rekindle School. April 8, 2020. Archived from the original on April 14, 2020. Retrieved April 13, 2020.

[88] "জমিয়তের আমীর শায়খ আব্দুল মুমিন মারা গেছেন". Bhorer Kagoj (in Bengali). April 8, 2020.

[89] "Mimi Reinhard obituary". The Guardian. April 27, 2022. Retrieved May 1, 2022.

[90] "Vale--Keith Barnes". NSW Rugby League. April 8, 2024. Retrieved April 8, 2024.

[91] Carrell, Severin; Sample, Ian (April 9, 2024). "Peter Higgs, physicist who proposed Higgs boson, dies aged 94". The Guardian. Retrieved April 10, 2024.

[92] Goldstein, Richard (April 8, 2024). "Col. Ralph Puckett Jr., Belated Medal of Honor Winner, Dies at 97". The New York Times. Retrieved April 10, 2024.

[93] "Nelsy Cruz, sister of former Mariners slugger Nelson Cruz, among dead in collapsed Dominican club". KIRO 7 News Seattle. April 9, 2025. Retrieved April 16, 2025.

[Martyrologium_Romanum-94] 94.0 ^94.1 ^94.2 Martyrologium Romanum (2004). Administrationem Patrimonii Sedis Apostolicae in Civitate Vaticana. 2004. p. 225-226. Retrieved March 26, 2026.

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[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

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@@ Line 11: / Line 11: @@
 * [[876]] &ndash; The [[Battle of Dayr al-'Aqul]] saves [[Baghdad]] from the [[Saffarids]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Popović|first=Alexander|title=The Revolt of African Slaves in Iraq in the 3rd/9th Century|location=Princeton, N.J.|publisher=Markus Wiener Publishers|date=1999|isbn=9781558761629|page=74}}</ref>
 *[[1139]] &ndash; [[Roger II of Sicily]] is excommunicated by [[Innocent II]] for supporting [[Antipope Anacletus II|Anacletus II]] as [[pope]] for seven years, even though Roger had already publicly recognized Innocent's claim to the papacy.<ref>{{cite book|last=Norwich|first=John Julius|title=Absolute Monarchs: A History of the Papacy|location=New York|publisher=Random House|date=2011|isbn=9781400067152|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OHfuVL-sDBQC|pages=135–136}}</ref>
+*[[1143]] &ndash; [[Manuel I Komnenos]] succeeds his father [[John II Komnenos]] as [[Byzantine Emperor]].<ref>{{cite book |title=A Chronology of the Byzantine Empire |date=2006 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |location=Basingstoke [England] ; New York |isbn=978-1-4039-1774-4 |page=477}}</ref>
 *[[1232]] &ndash; [[Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty|Mongol–Jin War]]: The [[Mongol Empire|Mongols]] begin their [[Siege of Kaifeng (1232)|siege on Kaifeng]], the capital of the [[Jin dynasty (1115–1234)|Jin dynasty]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Jaques|first1=Tony|last2=Showalter|first2=Dennis E.|title=Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: A Guide to 8,500 Battles From Antiquity Through the Twenty-First Century|location=Westport, Conn.|publisher=Greenwood Press|date=2007|isbn=9780313335365|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Dh6jydKXikoC|page=502}}</ref>
 *[[1250]] &ndash; [[Seventh Crusade]]: [[Ayyubid dynasty|Ayyubids]] of Egypt capture King [[Louis IX of France]] in the [[Battle of Fariskur (1250)|Battle of Fariskur]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Tucker|first=Spencer C.|chapter=Overview of 1200-1400: Chronology|title=A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East. Vol.1: ca. 3000 BCE—1499 CE|editor-last=Tucker|editor-first=Spencer C.|location=Santa Barbara, Calif.|publisher=ABC=CLIO|date=2010|isbn=9781851096671|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h5_tSnygvbIC|page=282}}</ref>
-*[[1271]] &ndash; In [[Syria]], sultan [[Baibars]] conquers the [[Krak des Chevaliers]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Baumer|first=Christopher|title=The History of Central Asia. Volume 3: The Age of Islam and the Mongols|location=London|publisher=I.B. Tauris & Co|date=2017|isbn=9781784534905|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LhiWDwAAQBAJ|page=219}}</ref>
+*[[1271]] &ndash; [[Fall of Krak des Chevaliers]]: In [[Syria (region)|Syria]], sultan [[Baibars]] conquers the [[Krak des Chevaliers]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Baumer|first=Christopher|title=The History of Central Asia. Volume 3: The Age of Islam and the Mongols|location=London|publisher=I.B. Tauris & Co|date=2017|isbn=9781784534905|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LhiWDwAAQBAJ|page=219}}</ref>
 ===1601–1900===
@@ Line 23: / Line 24: @@
 *[[1866]] &ndash; [[Austro-Prussian War]]: [[Italy]] and [[Prussia]] sign a secret alliance against the [[Austrian Empire]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Wawro|first=Geoffrey|title=The Austro-Prussian War: Austria's War With Prussia and Italy in 1866|location=Cambridge, UK|publisher=Cambridge University Press|date=1996|isbn=9780521560597|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AimQzlVVlQoC|page=43, fn. 18}}</ref>
 *[[1886]] &ndash; [[William Ewart Gladstone]] introduces the first [[Irish Government Bill 1886|Irish Home Rule Bill]] into the [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|British House of Commons]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Altholz|first=Josef L.|title=Selected Documents in Irish History|location=Armonk, N.Y.|publisher=M.E. Sharpe|date=2000|isbn=9780765605412|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d1brBgAAQBAJ|page=101}}</ref>
-*[[1895]] &ndash; In ''[[Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co.]]'' the [[Supreme Court of the United States]] declares unapportioned [[Income tax in the United States|income tax]] to be [[Constitutionality|unconstitutional]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Putney|first=Albert H.|title=United States Constitutional History and Law|location=Chicago|publisher=Illinois Book Exchange|date=1908|oclc=1304138030|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zeMrAAAAIAAJ|page=234|isbn=9780722273838 }}</ref>
+*[[1895]] &ndash; In ''[[Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co.]]'' the [[Supreme Court of the United States]] declares unapportioned [[Income tax in the United States|income tax]] to be [[Constitutionality|unconstitutional]].<ref>{{cite journal | last=Jones | first=Francis R. | title=Pollock v. Farmers' Loan and Trust Company | journal=Harvard Law Review | volume=9 | issue=3 | date=1895 | doi=10.2307/1321669 | page=198 | url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1321669?origin=crossref | access-date=2026-04-08| url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last=Putney | first=Albert H. | title=Constitutional History and Law | publisher=F.B. Rothman & Co | publication-place=Littleton, Colo |orig-date=1908| date=1985 | isbn=978-0-8377-1021-1 }}</ref>
 ===1901–present===
-*[[1904]] &ndash; The [[French Third Republic]] and the [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland]] sign the ''[[Entente cordiale]]''.<ref>{{cite web |title=BBC - History : British History Timeline |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/timeline/worldwars_timeline_noflash.shtml |website=www.bbc.co.uk |access-date=8 October 2020}}</ref>
+*[[1904]] &ndash; The [[French Third Republic]] and the [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland]] sign the ''[[Entente cordiale]]''.<ref>{{cite web |title=BBC - History : British History Timeline |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/timeline/worldwars_timeline_noflash.shtml |website=www.bbc.co.uk |access-date=8 October 2020}}</ref>
-*[[1940]] &ndash; The Central Committee of the [[Mongolian People's Party|Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party]] elects [[Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal]] as [[General Secretary of the Mongolian People's Party|General Secretary]], marking the beginning of his 44-year-long tenure as ''de facto'' leader of [[Mongolian People's Republic|Mongolia]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://tsedenbal.mn/hiisen-ajil/%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9-%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%85-%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0/ |title=Миний мэдэх Бал дарга – Юмжаагийн Цэдэнбал|access-date=2022-04-04|website=tsedenbal.mn|date=2020-11-21|language=mn}}</ref>
+*[[1933]] &ndash; The Australian state of [[Western Australia]] votes [[Secessionism in Western Australia|to secede]] from the federation in [[1933 Western Australian secession referendum|a non-binding referendum]], although efforts to implement the result prove unsuccessful.<ref>{{Cite journal|first1=Robert|last1=Fletcher|first2=Benjamin|last2=Mountford |year=2023 |title='Westralia shall be free!': the secession of Western Australia and the state of the British Empire, 1933–1935|journal=Contemporary British History|volume=37|issue=3 |pages=367–397|doi=10.1080/13619462.2023.2217106 }}</ref>
-*[[1954]] &ndash;  A Royal Canadian Air Force Canadair [[T-6 Texan|Harvard]] [[Trans-Canada Air Lines Flight 9|collides]] with a [[Trans-Canada Air Lines|Trans-Canada Airlines]] [[Canadair North Star]] over [[Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan]], killing 37 people.<ref name="stf">{{cite web |date=25 June 2014 |title=On this day: The Moose Jaw Air Crash (April 8th, 1954) |url=http://www.ephemeraltreasures.net/tca-crash-moose-jaw-part-1.html |accessdate=27 January 2020}}</ref>
+*[[1940]] &ndash; The Central Committee of the [[Mongolian People's Party|Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party]] elects [[Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal]] as [[General Secretary of the Mongolian People's Party|General Secretary]], marking the beginning of his 44-year-long tenure as ''de facto'' leader of [[Mongolian People's Republic|Mongolia]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://tsedenbal.mn/hiisen-ajil/%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9-%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%85-%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0/ |title=Миний мэдэх Бал дарга – Юмжаагийн Цэдэнбал |access-date=2022-04-04 |website=tsedenbal.mn |date=2020-11-21 |language=mn}}</ref>
+*[[1954]] &ndash;  A Royal Canadian Air Force Canadair [[T-6 Texan|Harvard]] [[Trans-Canada Air Lines Flight 9|collides]] with a [[Trans-Canada Air Lines|Trans-Canada Airlines]] [[Canadair North Star]] over [[Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan]], killing 37 people.<ref name="stf">{{cite web |date=25 June 2014 |title=On this day: The Moose Jaw Air Crash (April 8th, 1954) |url=http://www.ephemeraltreasures.net/tca-crash-moose-jaw-part-1.html |access-date=27 January 2020}}</ref>
 *1954   &ndash;  [[South African Airways Flight 201]]: A [[De Havilland Comet|de Havilland DH.106 Comet 1]] crashes into the sea during night killing 21 people.<ref name="whitney19540410">{{Cite news |last=Whitney |first=Peter D. |date=1954-04-10 |title=Comet Wreckage Found in Sea; 3 Americans Among 21 Victims |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1954/04/10/archives/comet-wreckage-found-in-sea-3-americans-among-21-victims-comet.html |access-date=2019-05-02 |work=The New York Times |page=1 |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
 *[[1959]] &ndash;  A team of computer manufacturers, users, and university people led by [[Grace Hopper]] meets to discuss the creation of a new [[programming language]] that would be called [[COBOL]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gürer |first=Denise |date=1 June 2002 |title=Pioneering Women in Computer Science |journal=SIGCSE Bull. |volume=34 |issue=2 |pages=175–180 |doi=10.1145/543812.543853 |issn=0097-8418 |s2cid=2577644}}</ref>
 *1959   &ndash;  The [[Organization of American States]] drafts an agreement to create the [[Inter-American Development Bank]].<ref>{{cite web |title=AGREEMENT ESTABLISHING THE INTER-AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT BAN |url=http://www.oas.org/dil/treaties_C-15_Agreement_Establishing_the_Inter-American_Development_Bank_sign.htm |access-date=7 April 2011 |publisher=[[Organization of American States]]}}</ref>
-*[[1960]] &ndash;  The [[Netherlands]] and [[West Germany]] sign an agreement to negotiate the return of [[Dutch annexation of German territory after the Second World War|German land annexed by the Dutch]] in return for 280&nbsp;million [[German mark]]s as [[Wiedergutmachung]].<ref name="tre">{{cite web |author= |date=April 8, 1960 |title=Treaty Series - No. 7404 - NETHERLANDS and FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY |url=https://treaties.un.org/doc/publication/unts/volume%20508/v508.pdf |accessdate=August 9, 2020 |publisher=United Nations}}</ref>
+*[[1960]] &ndash;  The [[Netherlands]] and [[West Germany]] sign an agreement to negotiate the return of [[Dutch annexation of German territory after the Second World War|German land annexed by the Dutch]] in return for 280&nbsp;million [[German mark]]s as [[Wiedergutmachung]].<ref name="tre">{{cite web |author= |date=April 8, 1960 |title=Treaty Series - No. 7404 - NETHERLANDS and FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY |url=https://treaties.un.org/doc/publication/unts/volume%20508/v508.pdf |access-date=August 9, 2020 |publisher=United Nations}}</ref>
 *[[1968]] &ndash;  [[BOAC Flight 712]] catches fire shortly after takeoff. As a result of her actions in the accident, [[Barbara Jane Harrison]] is awarded a posthumous [[George Cross]], the only GC awarded to a woman in peacetime.<ref name="Gazette">{{London Gazette
 | issue = 44913
@@ Line 42: / Line 44: @@
 *[[1970]] &ndash;  [[Bahr El-Baqar primary school bombing]]: Israeli bombers strike an Egyptian school. Forty-six children are killed.<ref name="time">{{cite magazine |date=1 June 1970 |title=Middle East: In Cold Blood |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,878279-1,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090428124725/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0%2C9171%2C878279-1%2C00.html |archive-date=28 April 2009 |access-date= |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]}}</ref>
 *[[1974]] &ndash; [[Hank Aaron]] passes [[Babe Ruth]] as the [[List of Major League Baseball career home run leaders|all-time leader in career home runs]] by hitting his 715th home run off of [[Al Downing (baseball)|Al Downing]] at [[Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/boxes/ATL/ATL197404080.shtml|title=Atlanta Braves 7, Los Angeles Dodgers 4|date=April 8, 1974|publisher=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref>
+*[[1975]] &ndash; [[Voyageurs National Park]] is established by the U.S. Congress.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Park History - Voyageurs National Park (U.S. National Park Service) |url=https://www.nps.gov/voya/learn/management/park-history.htm |access-date=2026-03-10 |website=www.nps.gov |language=en}}</ref>
 *[[1990]] &ndash; The conservative [[New Democracy (Greece)|New Democracy]] party of [[Constantine Mitsotakis]] is elected in the [[1990 Greek parliamentary election|Greek parliamentary election]].<ref name="NS">[[Dieter Nohlen]] & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p830 {{ISBN|978-3-8329-5609-7}}</ref>
-*  [[1993]]  &ndash; The [[Space Shuttle Discovery|Space Shuttle ''Discovery'']] is launched on mission [[STS-56]].<ref name="STS-56 Mission Summary">{{citation-attribution|{{cite web |last1=Ryba |first1=Jeanne |title=STS-56 |url=https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-56.html |access-date=11 March 2022 |publisher=NASA}} }}</ref>
+*[[1993]]  &ndash; The [[Space Shuttle Discovery|Space Shuttle ''Discovery'']] is launched on mission [[STS-56]].<ref name="STS-56 Mission Summary">{{citation-attribution|{{cite web |last1=Ryba |first1=Jeanne |title=STS-56 |url=https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-56.html |access-date=11 March 2022 |publisher=NASA}} }}</ref>
-*  [[2002]] &ndash; The [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'']] is launched on mission [[STS-110]], carrying the [[Integrated Truss Structure|S0 truss]] to the [[International Space Station]]. Astronaut [[Jerry L. Ross]] also becomes the first person to fly on seven spaceflights.<ref>{{cite web |title=STS-110 Video Highlights |url=http://www.nss.org/resources/library/shuttlevideos/shuttle109.htm |access-date=28 November 2009 |publisher=[[National Space Society]]}}</ref>
+*[[2002]] &ndash; The [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'']] is launched on mission [[STS-110]], carrying the [[Integrated Truss Structure|S0 truss]] to the [[International Space Station]]. Astronaut [[Jerry L. Ross]] also becomes the first person to fly on seven spaceflights.<ref>{{cite web |title=STS-110 Video Highlights |url=http://www.nss.org/resources/library/shuttlevideos/shuttle109.htm |access-date=28 November 2009 |publisher=[[National Space Society]] |archive-date=December 12, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212062217/http://www.nss.org/resources/library/shuttlevideos/shuttle109.htm |url-status=dead}}</ref>
 *[[2005]] &ndash; A [[Solar eclipse of April 8, 2005|solar eclipse]] occurs, visible over areas of the [[Pacific Ocean]] and Latin American countries such as [[Costa Rica]], [[Panama]], [[Colombia]] and [[Venezuela]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Partial Solar Eclipse: April 8, 2005 |url=https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEmono/HSE2005/PSE2005.html |access-date=2022-06-10 |website=eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov}}</ref>
 *[[2010]] &ndash; U.S. President [[Barack Obama]] and Russian President [[Dmitry Medvedev]] sign the [[New START|New START Treaty]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-10-07|title=Barack Obama - Key Events {{!}} Miller Center|url=https://millercenter.org/president/barack-obama/key-events|access-date=2022-01-11|website=millercenter.org|language=en}}</ref>
 *[[2014]] &ndash; [[Windows XP]] reaches its standard [[End-of-life product|End Of Life]] and is no longer supported.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Security |first=Microsoft |date=2013-08-15 |title=The Risk of Running Windows XP After Support Ends April 2014 |url=https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2013/08/15/the-risk-of-running-windows-xp-after-support-ends-april-2014/ |access-date=2022-12-05 |website=Microsoft Security Blog |language=en-US}}</ref>
-*[[2020]] &ndash; [[Bernie Sanders]] ends his [[Bernie Sanders 2020 presidential campaign|presidential campaign]], leaving [[Joe Biden]] as the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]]'s nominee.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-04-08|title=Bernie Sanders, who reshaped US politics, ends 2020 presidential run|url=http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/apr/08/bernie-sanders-ends-2020-presidential-race|access-date=2022-01-10|website=the Guardian|language=en}}</ref>
+*[[2020]] &ndash; [[Bernie Sanders]] ends his [[Bernie Sanders 2020 presidential campaign|presidential campaign]], leaving [[Joe Biden]] as the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]]'s nominee.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-04-08|title=Bernie Sanders, who reshaped US politics, ends 2020 presidential run|url=http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/apr/08/bernie-sanders-ends-2020-presidential-race|access-date=2022-01-10|website=The Guardian|language=en}}</ref>
-*[[2024]] &ndash; [[Solar eclipse of April 8, 2024]]: A total [[solar eclipse]] takes place at the Moon's [[Orbital node|ascending node]], visible across North America.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Carter |first=Jamie |date=April 8, 2019 |title=Countdown Begins To 'Great North American Eclipse', The Longest, Darkest and Best For 21 Years |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jamiecartereurope/2019/04/08/countdown-begins-to-great-north-american-eclipse-the-longest-darkest-and-best-for-21-years/ |access-date=March 23, 2024 |website=Forbes}}</ref>
+*[[2024]] &ndash; [[Solar eclipse of April 8, 2024|Solar eclipse]]: A total [[solar eclipse]] takes place at the Moon's [[Orbital node|ascending node]], visible across North America.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Carter |first=Jamie |date=April 8, 2019 |title=Countdown Begins To 'Great North American Eclipse', The Longest, Darkest and Best For 21 Years |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jamiecartereurope/2019/04/08/countdown-begins-to-great-north-american-eclipse-the-longest-darkest-and-best-for-21-years/ |access-date=March 23, 2024 |website=Forbes}}</ref>
+*[[2026]] &ndash; [[8 April 2026 Lebanon attacks|Operation Eternal Darkness]]: Hours after a [[2026 Iran war ceasefire|ceasefire]] to the [[2026 Iran war|Iran war]], Israeli attacks on Lebanon kill at least 357 and injures more than 1200 people in the largest airstrikes of the [[2026 Lebanon war|Lebanon war]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 April 2026 |title=Israel pounds Lebanon with heaviest airstrikes of the war as Hezbollah pauses attacks |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/hezbollah-pauses-attacks-under-us-iran-ceasefire-sources-close-group-say-2026-04-08/ |access-date=8 April 2026 |work=Reuters}}</ref>
 ==Births==
@@ Line 73: / Line 77: @@
 *[[1770]] &ndash; [[John Thomas Campbell]], Irish-Australian banker and politician (died 1830)
 *[[1798]] &ndash; [[Dionysios Solomos]], Greek poet and author (died 1857)
-*[[1818]] &ndash; [[Christian IX of Denmark]] (died 1906)
+*[[1818]] &ndash; [[Christian IX]], King of Denmark (died 1906)
 *  1818   &ndash; [[August Wilhelm von Hofmann]], German chemist and academic (died 1892)
 *[[1826]] &ndash; [[Pancha Carrasco]], Costa Rican soldier (died 1890)
@@ Line 96: / Line 100: @@
 *  1892   &ndash; [[Mary Pickford]], Canadian-American actress, producer, screenwriter and co-founder of [[United Artists]] (died 1979)<ref>{{cite book|first=Frank Northen|last=Magill|title=Great Lives from History|location=Pasadena|publisher=Salem Press|year=1995|page=1447|isbn=978-0-89356-896-2}}</ref>
 *[[1896]] &ndash; [[Yip Harburg]], American composer (died 1981)
-*[[1900]] &ndash; [[Marie Byles]], Australian solicitor (died 1979)<ref>{{Cite book|url=http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/byles-marie-beuzeville-9652|title=Marie Byles|last=Radi|first=Heather|chapter=Byles, Marie Beuzeville (1900–1979) |publisher=Australian Dictionary of Biography|location=Canberra}}</ref>
+*[[1900]] &ndash; [[Marie Byles]], Australian solicitor (died 1979)<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/byles-marie-beuzeville-9652|title=Marie Byles|last=Radi|first=Heather|chapter=Byles, Marie Beuzeville (1900–1979) |publisher=Australian Dictionary of Biography|location=Canberra}}</ref>
 ===1901–present===
@@ Line 143: / Line 147: @@
 *[[1930]] &ndash; [[Carlos Hugo, Duke of Parma]] (died 2010)
 *[[1931]] &ndash; [[John Gavin]], American actor and diplomat, [[United States Ambassador to Mexico]] (died 2018)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2018/feb/14/john-gavin-obituary|title=John Gavin obituary|date=14 April 2018|author=[[Ronald Bergan]]|website=The Guardian|access-date=5 February 2020}}</ref>
-*1931 &ndash; [[Jack Le Goff]], French equestrian (died 2009)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jack Le Goff |url=https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/12293 |website=olympedia.org |access-date=12 March 2024 }}</ref>
+*1931 &ndash; [[Jack Le Goff]], French equestrian (died 2009)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jack Le Goff |url=https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/12293 |website=[[Olympedia]] |access-date=12 March 2024 }}</ref>
 *[[1932]] &ndash; [[Iskandar of Johor]] (died 2010)
 *  1933   &ndash; [[James Lockhart (historian)|James Lockhart]], American scholar of colonial Latin America, especially [[Nahua people]]s (died 2014)
@@ Line 293: / Line 297: @@
 *  1997   &ndash; [[Roquan Smith]], American football player<ref>{{cite web |title=Roquan Smith |url=https://www.espn.com/nfl/player/_/id/3915189/roquan-smith |publisher=[[ESPN]] |access-date=27 March 2023}}</ref>
 *  1997   &ndash; [[Arno Verschueren]], Belgian footballer
+*  1997   &ndash; [[Keira Walsh]], English footballer<ref>{{cite web|title=FIFA Women's World Cup France 2019™ List of Players – England|url=https://tournament.fifadata.com/documents/FWWC/2019/pdf/FWWC_2019_SQUADLISTS.PDF|publisher=[[FIFA]] |access-date=27 May 2019|page=8|date=27 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190527124414/https://tournament.fifadata.com/documents/FWWC/2019/pdf/FWWC_2019_SQUADLISTS.PDF|archive-date=27 May 2019}}</ref>
 * [[1998]] &ndash; [[Lavinia Valbonesi]], Ecuadorian nutritionist, businesswoman and [[First Lady of Ecuador]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.larazon.es/internacional/america/lavinia-valbonesi-influencer-25-anos-que-convertido-primera-dama-ecuador_20231016652d6990b98ca1000164c695.html|title=Lavinia Valbonesi, la influencer de 25 años que se ha convertido en primera dama de Ecuador|date=16 October 2023 |publisher=La Razon|language=Spanish|accessdate=17 October 2023}}</ref>
 *[[1999]] &ndash; [[CeeDee Lamb]], American football player<ref>{{cite web |title=CeeDee Lamb |url=https://www.espn.com/nfl/player/_/id/4241389/ceedee-lamb |publisher=[[ESPN]] |access-date=27 March 2023}}</ref>
@@ Line 414: / Line 419: @@
 * Christian [[feast day]]:
 ** [[Anne Ayres]] ([[Episcopal Church (USA)]])
+** [[Beatification|Blessed]] [[August Czartoryski]]<ref name="Martyrologium Romanum">{{cite book |title=Martyrologium Romanum (2004) |date=2004 |publisher=Administrationem Patrimonii Sedis Apostolicae in Civitate Vaticana |page=225-226 |url=https://archive.org/details/MartRom2004/page/224/mode/2up?view=theater |access-date=26 March 2026}}</ref>
 ** [[Constantina]]
-** [[Julie Billiart]] of Namur
+** [[Pope Dionysius of Alexandria]]<ref name="Martyrologium Romanum" />
+** [[Julie Billiart]] of Namur<ref name="Martyrologium Romanum" />
 ** [[Saint Perpetuus|Perpetuus]]
 ** [[Walter of Pontoise]]
@@ Line 428: / Line 435: @@
 ==External links==
 {{commons}}
-* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/april/8 BBC: On This Day]
+* [https://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/april/8/ BBC: On This Day]
 * {{NYT On this day|month=4|day=8}}
 * [https://www.onthisday.com/events/april/8 Historical Events on April 8]

April 8: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 01:14, 3 May 2026

Contents

Events

Pre-1600

1601–1900

1901–present

Births

Pre-1600

1601–1900

1901–present

Deaths

Pre-1600

1601–1900

1901–present

Holidays and observances

References

External links

Navigation menu

April 8: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 01:14, 3 May 2026

Events

Pre-1600

1601–1900

1901–present

Births

Pre-1600

1601–1900

1901–present

Deaths

Pre-1600

1601–1900

1901–present

Holidays and observances

References

External links

Navigation menu

Search