Transport in Cameroon: Difference between revisions
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Railways in [[Cameroon]] are operated by [[Camrail]], a [[subsidiary]] of [[France |French]] investment group [[Bolloré]]. As of May 2014, Camrail operated regular daily services on three routes:<ref>Cameroon, seat61, [http://www.seat61.com/Cameroon.htm#.U2JoEcfEc7A Iron Ore railway.]</ref> | Railways in [[Cameroon]] are operated by [[Camrail]], a [[subsidiary]] of [[France |French]] investment group [[Bolloré]]. As of May 2014, Camrail operated regular daily services on three routes:<ref>Cameroon, seat61, [http://www.seat61.com/Cameroon.htm#.U2JoEcfEc7A Iron Ore railway.]</ref> | ||
* [[Douala]] - [[Kumba]]<ref>Timetable, 2014, http://www.camrail.net/h_dla_kum.html</ref> | * [[Douala]] - [[Kumba, Cameroon|Kumba]]<ref>Timetable, 2014, http://www.camrail.net/h_dla_kum.html</ref> | ||
* [[Douala]] - [[Yaoundé]]<ref>Timetable, 2014, http://www.camrail.net/h_dla_yde.html</ref> | * [[Douala]] - [[Yaoundé]]<ref>Timetable, 2014, http://www.camrail.net/h_dla_yde.html</ref> | ||
* [[Yaoundé]] - [[Ngaoundéré]]<ref>Timetable, 2014, http://www.camrail.net/h_dla_nge.html</ref> | * [[Yaoundé]] - [[Ngaoundéré]]<ref>Timetable, 2014, http://www.camrail.net/h_dla_nge.html</ref> | ||
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[[File:Bus Finexs Voyage.jpg|thumb|Bus Finexs Voyage]] | [[File:Bus Finexs Voyage.jpg|thumb|Bus Finexs Voyage]] | ||
[[Image:Yaounde buses.JPG|thumb|right|270px|Buses in [[Yaoundé]]]] | [[Image:Yaounde buses.JPG|thumb|right|270px|Buses in [[Yaoundé]]]] | ||
As of December 2023 Cameroon’s road network totaled roughly 121,873 km, with about 8.39% paved (~10,576 km). Most rural roads remain unpaved and maintenance is uneven; multiple sources report ongoing road-rehabilitation programs.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cameroon - Paved road network |url=https://www.businessincameroon.com/construction/0502-13619-cameroon-speeds-up-road-investment-aims-to-surpass-current-8-39-paved-network |url-status=live |website=business in cameroon}}</ref> | |||
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Cameroon lies at a key point in the [[Trans-African Highway network]], with three routes crossing its territory: | Cameroon lies at a key point in the [[Trans-African Highway network]], with three routes crossing its territory: | ||
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*[[Cameroon National Highway 4|N6]]: Ejagham, border with [[Nigeria]] - [[Bamenda]] - [[Bafoussam]] - [[Tibati]] - [[Lokoti]]. | *[[Cameroon National Highway 4|N6]]: Ejagham, border with [[Nigeria]] - [[Bamenda]] - [[Bafoussam]] - [[Tibati]] - [[Lokoti]]. | ||
*[[Cameroon National Highway 7|N7]]: [[Edéa]] - [[Kribi]]. | *[[Cameroon National Highway 7|N7]]: [[Edéa]] - [[Kribi]]. | ||
*[[Cameroon National Highway 8|N8]]: [[Mutengene]] - [[Kumba]] - [[Mamfé]]. | *[[Cameroon National Highway 8|N8]]: [[Mutengene]] - [[Kumba, Cameroon|Kumba]] - [[Mamfé]]. | ||
*[[Cameroon National Highway 2|N9]]: [[Mbalmayo]] - Nki, border with [[Republic of the Congo |Congo]]. | *[[Cameroon National Highway 2|N9]]: [[Mbalmayo]] - Nki, border with [[Republic of the Congo |Congo]]. | ||
*[[Cameroon National Highway 10|N10]]: [[Yaoundé]] - [[Bertoua]] - [[Batouri]] - Kenzou, border with the [[Central African Republic]]. | *[[Cameroon National Highway 10|N10]]: [[Yaoundé]] - [[Bertoua]] - [[Batouri]] - Kenzou, border with the [[Central African Republic]]. | ||
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== Seaports and harbors == | == Seaports and harbors == | ||
Cameroon's port and harbors function under the oversight of the National Ports Authority (APN);<ref>[http://www.apn.cm/ Cameroon National Ports Authority (APN)]</ref> and is supported by the Port Authority of Douala<ref>[http://www.pad.cm/ Port Authority of Douala (P.A.D.)]</ref> and the Port Autonome de Kribi<ref>[http://www.pak.cm/ Port Autonome de Kribi (P.A.K.)]</ref> | |||
All cargo destined for Cameroon must comply with the [[Electronic cargo tracking note|Bordereau Électronique de Suivi des Cargaisons]] '''(BESC)''' regulation, an electronic cargo tracking system required for imports.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2024-02-23 |title=Cameroon - Customs Regulations |url=https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/cameroon-customs-regulations |access-date=2026-03-11 |website=www.trade.gov |language=en}}</ref> The BESC certificate is issued before shipment and is used by authorities to monitor freight flows and facilitate customs clearance at Cameroonian ports. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cameroon - BESC Regulation |url=https://scktr.com/en/cameroon-besc-regulation/ |url-status=live |website=en-tr}}</ref> | |||
As of May 2025, additional documentation is required for [[Roll-on/roll-off]] (RO-RO) vehicle shipments when applying for a [[Electronic cargo tracking note|BESC]] certificate. Importers must provide proof of registration in the Fichier des Importateurs/Exportateurs (FIMEX) or a valid special import authorization alongside the standard shipping documents.<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 8, 2025 |title=Cameroon ECTN Update for RoRo |url=https://itrdubai.com/blog/cameroon-ectn-for-roro-shipments-update/ |url-status=live |website=ITR Logistics and Trade}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=ECTN regulations |url=https://www.cncc.cm/en/article/release-352 |access-date=2026-03-12 |website=Cameroon National Shippers’ Council (CNSC)}}</ref> | |||
all of the above operate as members of the [[International Association of Ports and Harbors]] (IAPH).<ref>[https://www.iaphworldports.org/iaph-md/directory/port_details/18 IAPH Member Ports - CAPN]</ref><ref>[https://www.iaphworldports.org/iaph-md/directory/port_details/19 IAPH Member Ports - PAD]</ref><ref>[https://www.iaphworldports.org/iaph-md/directory/port_details/20 IAPH Member Ports - POK]</ref> | |||
* [[Douala]] - main port, railhead, and second-largest city | * [[Douala]] - main port, railhead, and second-largest city | ||
* [[Bonaberi]] - [[railhead]] to northwest | * [[Bonaberi]] - [[railhead]] to northwest | ||