December 12: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 09:35, 5 May 2026

Lua error in Module:Effective_protection_level at line 16: attempt to index field 'FlaggedRevs' (a nil value). Template:Calendar/month/link on Template:This date in recent years Template:Day

Events

Pre-1600

627 – Battle of Nineveh: A Byzantine army under Emperor Heraclius defeats Emperor Khosrau II's Persian forces, commanded by General Rhahzadh.^[1]
1388 – Maria of Enghien sells the lordship of Argos and Nauplia to the Republic of Venice.^[2]

1601–1900

1787 – Pennsylvania becomes the second state to ratify the US Constitution.^[3]
1862 – American Civil War: USS Cairo sinks on the Yazoo River.^[4]
1866 – Oaks explosion: The worst mining disaster in England kills 361 miners and rescuers.^[5]
1870 – Joseph H. Rainey of South Carolina becomes the second black U.S. congressman.^[6]

1901–present

1901 – Guglielmo Marconi receives the first transatlantic radio signal (the letter "S" [•••] in Morse Code), at Signal Hill in St John's, Newfoundland.^[7]
1915 – Yuan Shikai declares the establishment of the Empire of China and proclaims himself Emperor.^[8]
1917 – Father Edward J. Flanagan founds Boys Town as a farm village for wayward boys.^[9]
1935 – The Lebensborn Project, a Nazi reproduction program, is founded by Heinrich Himmler.^[10]
1936 – The beginning of Xi'an incident. As a result, Chiang Kai Shek is captured.^[11]
1937 – Second Sino-Japanese War: USS Panay incident: Japanese aircraft bomb and sink U.S. gunboat USS Panay on the Yangtze river in China.^[12]
1939 – HMS Duchess sinks after a collision with HMS Barham off the coast of Scotland with the loss of 124 men.^[13]
1939 – Winter War: The Battle of Tolvajärvi, also known as the first major Finnish victory in the Winter War, begins.^[14]
1941 – World War II: Fifty-four Japanese A6M Zero fighters raid Batangas Field, Philippines. Jesús Villamor and four Filipino fighter pilots fend them off; César Basa is killed.^[15]
1941 – The Holocaust: Adolf Hitler declares the imminent extermination of the Jews at a meeting in the Reich Chancellery.^[16]
1945 – The People's Republic of Korea is outlawed in the South, by order of the United States Army Military Government in Korea.^[17]
1946 – United Nations Security Council Resolution 13 relating to acceptance of Siam (now Thailand) to the United Nations is adopted.^[18]
1956 – United Nations Security Council Resolution 121 relating to acceptance of Japan to the United Nations is adopted.^[19]
1963 – Kenya declares independence from Great Britain.^[20]
1969 – The Piazza Fontana bombing; a bomb explodes at the headquarters of Banca Nazionale dell'Agricoltura (the National Agricultural Bank) in Piazza Fontana in Milan, Italy, killing 17 people and wounding 88. The same afternoon, three more bombs are detonated in Rome and Milan, and another is found unexploded.^[21]
1979 – The 8.2 Template:M Tumaco earthquake shakes Colombia and Ecuador with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent), killing 300–600, and generating a large tsunami.^[22]
1979 – Coup d'état of December Twelfth occurs in South Korea.^[23]
1985 – Arrow Air Flight 1285R, a McDonnell Douglas DC-8, crashes after takeoff in Gander, Newfoundland, killing all 256 people on board, including 236 members of the United States Army's 101st Airborne Division.^[24]
1988 – The Clapham Junction rail crash kills thirty-five and injures hundreds after two collisions of three commuter trains—one of the worst train crashes in the United Kingdom.^[25]
1999 – A magnitude 7.3 earthquake hits the Philippines's main island of Luzon, killing six people, injuring 40, and causing power outages that affected the capital Manila.^[26]
2000 – The United States Supreme Court releases its decision in Bush v. Gore.^[27]
2001 – Prime Minister of Vietnam Phan Văn Khải announces the decision on upgrading the Phong Nha–Kẻ Bàng nature reserve to a national park, providing information on projects for the conservation and development of the park and revised maps.^[28]
2012 – North Korea successfully launches its first satellite, Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3 Unit 2.^[29]
2015 – The Paris Agreement relating to United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change is adopted.^[30]^[31]
2021 – Dutch Formula One racing driver Max Verstappen wins the controversial 2021 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix, beating seven-time World Champion Lewis Hamilton to become the first Formula One World Champion to come from the Netherlands.^[32]
2024 – Indian Grandmaster Gukesh Dommaraju became the undisputed World Chess Champion in a tournament held in Singapore, making him the 18th and the youngest champion in chess history.^[33]

Births

Pre-1600

1526 – Álvaro de Bazán, 1st Marquis of Santa Cruz, Spanish admiral (died 1588)^[34]

1601–1900

1685 – Lodovico Giustini, Italian pianist and composer (died 1743)^[35]
1724 – Samuel Hood, 1st Viscount Hood, English admiral and politician (died 1816)^[36]
1786 – William L. Marcy, American lawyer, judge, and politician, 21st United States Secretary of State (died 1857)^[37]
1799 – Karl Bryullov, Russian painter (died 1852)^[38]
1805 – Henry Wells, American businessman, co-founded Wells Fargo and American Express (died 1878)^[39]
1806 – Stand Watie, American general (died 1871)^[40]
1812 – John Sandfield Macdonald, Canadian lawyer and politician, 1st Premier of Ontario (died 1872)^[41]
1821 – Gustave Flaubert, French novelist (died 1880)^[42]
1830 – Joseph Orville Shelby, Confederate general (died 1897)^[43]
1842 – Adolf Bötticher, German journalist and historian (died 1901)^[44]
1845 – Bruce Price, American architect, designed the American Surety Building and Bank of the Metropolis (died 1903)^[45]
1863 – Edvard Munch, Norwegian painter (died 1944)^[46]
1866 – Alfred Werner, Swiss chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1919)^[47]
1870 – Walter Benona Sharp, American businessman, co-founded Hughes Tool Company (died 1912)^[48]
1876 – Alvin Kraenzlein, American hurdler and runner (died 1928)^[49]
1881 – Louise Thuliez, French school teacher, resistance fighter during World War I and World War II and author (died 1966)^[50]
1893 – Edward G. Robinson, American actor (died 1973)^[51]

1901–present

1901 – Harald Kaarmann, Estonian footballer (died 1942)^[52]
1907 – Roy Douglas, English pianist and composer (died 2015)^[53]
1912 – Henry Armstrong, American boxer (died 1988)^[54]
1914 – Patrick O'Brian, English author (died 2000)^[55]
1915 – Frank Sinatra, American singer, actor, and producer (died 1998)^[56]
1918 – Joe Williams, American singer and pianist (died 1999)^[57]
1920 – Josef Doležal, Czech race walker (died 1999)^[58]
1923 – Bob Barker, American game show host and producer (died 2023)^[59]
1923 – Bob Dorough, American musician, composer, and producer (died 2018)^[60]
1923 – Emahoy Tsegué-Maryam Guèbrou, Ethiopian pianist, composer and nun (died 2023)^[61]
1924 – Ed Koch, American politician, 105th Mayor of New York City (died 2013)^[62]
1925 – Ted Kennedy, Canadian ice hockey player (died 2009)^[63]
1925 – Dattu Phadkar, Indian cricketer (died 1985)^[64]
1925 – Vladimir Shainsky, Ukrainian-Russian pianist and composer (died 2017)^[65]
1926 – Étienne-Émile Baulieu, French biochemist and endocrinologist (died 2025)^[66]
1927 – Robert Noyce, American inventor and businessman, co-founded the Intel Corporation (died 1990)^[67]
1928 – Helen Frankenthaler, American painter and academic (died 2011)^[68]
1929 – Toshiko Akiyoshi, Japanese pianist and composer^[69]
1932 – Bob Pettit, American basketball player and coach^[70]
1933 – Christa Stubnick, German sprinter (died 2021)^[71]
1934 – Miguel de la Madrid, Mexican lawyer and politician, 52nd President of Mexico (died 2012)^[72]
1936 – Iolanda Balaș, Romanian high jumper and educator (died 2016)^[73]
1937 – Connie Francis, American singer, musician, and actress (died 2025)^[74]^[75]
1937 – Philip Ledger, English pianist, composer, and academic (died 2012)^[76]
1940 – Sharad Pawar, Indian politician, Indian Minister of Agriculture^[77]
1940 – Dionne Warwick, American singer^[78]
1942 – Bob Thompson, American jazz pianist, composer and arranger^[79]
1943 – Dickey Betts, American musician and songwriter (died 2024)^[74]
1943 – Grover Washington, Jr., American singer-songwriter, saxophonist, and producer (died 1999)^[80]
1945 – Gísli S. Einarsson, Icelandic politician^[81]
1945 – Tony Williams, American drummer, composer, and producer (died 1997)^[82]
1946 – Emerson Fittipaldi, Brazilian racing driver^[83]
1947 – Wings Hauser, American actor (died 2025)^[84]^[74]
1947 – Don Keith, American writer^[85]
1947 – Chris Mullin, English journalist and politician^[86]
1948 – Randy Smith, American basketball player (died 2009)^[87]
1948 – Colin Todd, English football player and coach^[88]
1949 – Bill Nighy, English actor^[89]
1949 – Marc Ravalomanana, Malagasy businessman and politician, President of Madagascar^[90]
1949 – David Abulafia, English historian (died 2026)^[91]^[92]
1950 – Pedro Ferriz de Con, Mexican journalist^[93]
1950 – Heiner Flassbeck, German economist and academic^[94]
1950 – Rajinikanth, Indian actor^[95]
1950 – Billy Smith, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and manager^[96]
1950 – Gorman Thomas, American baseball player^[97]
1951 – Rehman Malik, Pakistani politician, Pakistani Minister of Interior^[98] (died 2022)
1952 – Cathy Rigby, American gymnast^[99]
1953 – Martin Ferguson, Australian lawyer and politician^[100]
1953 – Rafael Septién, Mexican-American football player^[101]
1955 – Chris Phelan, Irish-Australian rugby league player (died 2026)^[102]
1955 – Eddy Schepers, Belgian cyclist^[103]
1955 – Stephen Smith, Australian politician^[104]
1956 – Johan van der Velde, Dutch cyclist^[105]
1957 – Sheila E., American singer and musician^[74]
1958 – Sheree J. Wilson, American actress^[74]
1960 – Martina Hellmann, German discus thrower^[106]
1961 – Andrey Perlov, Russian race walker^[107]
1962 – Tracy Austin, American tennis player and sportscaster^[108]
1962 – Arturo Barrios, Mexican-American runner^[109]
1962 – Mike Golic, American football player and radio host^[110]
1963 – Eduardo Castro Luque, Mexican businessman and politician^[111] (died 2012)
1964 – Haywood Jeffires, American football player and coach^[112]
1964 – Sabu, American wrestler^[113](died 2025)
1965 – Russell Batiste Jr., American funk and R&B drummer (died 2023)^[114]
1965 – Will Carling, English rugby union player^[115]
1967 – John Randle, American football player^[116]
1968 – Sašo Udovič, Slovenian footballer^[117]
1969 – Wilfred Kirochi, Kenyan runner^[118]
1969 – Fiona May, English-Italian long jumper^[119]
1969 – Michael Möllenbeck, German discus thrower (died 2022)^[120]
1970 – Mädchen Amick, American actress and director^[74]
1970 – Tahir Bilgiç Turkish-Australian comedian and actor^[121]
1970 – Jennifer Connelly, American actress^[122]
1970 – Regina Hall, American actress^[123]
1971 – Sammy Korir, Kenyan runner^[124]
1972 – Nicky Eaden, English footballer and coach^[125]
1972 – Craig Field, Australian rugby league player^[126]
1972 – Wilson Kipketer, Kenyan-Danish runner^[127]
1972 – Georgios Theodoridis, Greek sprinter^[128]
1974 – Bernard Lagat, Kenyan-American runner^[129]
1974 – Nolberto Solano, Peruvian footballer and manager^[130]
1975 – Mayim Bialik, American actress, neuroscientist, and author^[131]
1975 – Craig Moore, Australian footballer and manager^[132]
1977 – Yoel Hernández, Cuban hurdler^[133]
1977 – Orlando Hudson, American baseball player^[134]
1977 – Dean Macey, English decathlete and bobsledder^[135]
1977 – Colin White, Canadian ice hockey player^[136]
1979 – Garrett Atkins, American baseball player^[137]
1979 – Nate Clements, American football player^[138]
1979 – John Salmons, American basketball player^[139]
1980 – Dejene Berhanu, Ethiopian runner (died 2010)^[140]
1980 – Dorin Goian, Romanian footballer^[141]
1981 – Eddie Kingston, American wrestler^[142]
1981 – Pedro Ríos, Spanish footballer^[143]
1981 – Yuvraj Singh, Indian cricketer^[144]
1981 – Stephen Warnock, English footballer^[145]
1981 – Andrew Whitworth, American football player and commentator^[146]
1982 – Ervin Santana, Dominican baseball player^[147]
1982 – Dmitry Tursunov, Russian tennis player and coach^[148]
1983 – Roni Porokara, Finnish footballer^[149]
1984 – Daniel Agger, Danish footballer^[150]
1985 – Pat Calathes, Greek-American basketball player^[151]
1985 – Andrew Ladd, Canadian ice hockey player^[152]
1986 – Daddy Birori, Rwandan footballer^[153]
1986 – Përparim Hetemaj, Finnish footballer^[154]
1986 – Nina Kolarič, Slovenian long jumper^[155]
1986 – T. J. Ward, American football player^[156]
1988 – Isaac John, New Zealand rugby league player^[157]
1988 – Lonah Chemtai Salpeter, Israeli Olympic marathon runner^[158]
1990 – Nixon Chepseba, Kenyan runner^[159]
1990 – Dawin, American singer-songwriter^[160]^[161]
1990 – Victor Moses, Nigerian footballer^[162]
1990 – Tyron Smith, American football player^[163]
1991 – Shohjahon Ergashev, Uzbek professional boxer^[164]
1991 – Joseph Leilua, Australian-Samoan rugby league player^[165]
1993 – Zeli Ismail, English footballer^[166]
1994 – Otto Warmbier, American student imprisoned in North Korea (died 2017)^[167]
1996 – Lucas Hedges, American actor^[168]
1997 – Ed Oliver, American football player^[169]
2001 – Michael Olise, French footballer^[170]

Deaths

Pre-1600

884 – King Carloman II of the Franks (born c.866; hunting accident)^[171]
1204 – Maimonides, Jewish physician, philosopher, and scholar (born 1135 or 1138)^[172]
1296 – Isabella of Mar, first wife of Robert Bruce VII (born 1277)^[173]
1572 – Loredana Marcello, Dogaressa of Venice, botanist, author^[174]

1601–1900

1751 – Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke, English philosopher and politician, Secretary at War (born 1678)^[175]
1766 – Johann Christoph Gottsched, German philosopher, author, and critic (born 1700)^[176]
1794 – Meshullam Feivush Heller, Ukrainian author (born 1742)^[177]
1803 – Prince Frederick Adolf of Sweden (born 1750)^[178]
1858 – Jacques Viger, Canadian archeologist and politician, 1st Mayor of Montreal (born 1787)^[179]
1889 – Viktor Bunyakovsky, Ukrainian-Russian mathematician and theorist (born 1804)^[180]
1894 – John Sparrow David Thompson, Canadian lawyer, judge, and politician, 4th Prime Minister of Canada (born 1845)^[181]

1901–present

1913 – Menelik II, Ethiopian emperor (born 1844)^[182]
1921 – Henrietta Swan Leavitt, American astronomer and academic (born 1868)^[183]
1923 – Raymond Radiguet, French author and poet (born 1903)^[184]
1934 – Thorleif Haug, Norwegian skier (born 1894)^[185]
1939 – Douglas Fairbanks, Sr., American actor, producer, and screenwriter (born 1883)^[186]
1941 – César Basa, Filipino lieutenant and pilot (born 1915)^[187]
1948 – Marjory Stephenson, British biochemist (born 1885)^[188]
1951 – Mildred Bailey, American singer (born 1907)^[189]
1958 – Albert Walsh, Canadian lawyer and politician, 1st Lieutenant Governor of Newfoundland (born 1900)^[190]
1966 – Karl Ruberl, Austrian-American swimmer (born 1880)^[191]
1968 – Tallulah Bankhead, American actress (born 1902)^[192]
1970 – Doris Blackburn, Australian politician (born 1889)^[193]
1975 – Richard Baggallay, English colonel and cricketer (born 1884)^[194]
1980 – Jean Lesage, Canadian lawyer and politician, 19th Premier of Quebec (born 1912)^[195]
1985 – Anne Baxter, American actress (born 1923)^[196]
1985 – Ian Stewart, Scottish keyboardist and manager (born 1938)^[197]
1993 – József Antall, Hungarian historian and politician, 35th Prime Minister of Hungary (born 1932)^[198]
1994 – Stuart Roosa, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut (born 1933)^[199]
1996 – Vance Packard, American journalist, author, and critic (born 1914)^[200]
1997 – Evgenii Landis, Ukrainian-Russian mathematician and academic (born 1921)^[201]
1998 – Lawton Chiles, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 41st Governor of Florida (born 1930)^[202]
1998 – Morris Udall, American captain and politician (born 1922)^[203]
1999 – Paul Cadmus, American painter and illustrator (born 1904)^[204]
1999 – Joseph Heller, American novelist, short story writer, and playwright(born 1923)^[205]
2001 – Ardito Desio, Italian geologist and explorer (born 1897)^[206]
2002 – Dee Brown, American historian and author (born 1908)^[207]
2003 – Heydar Aliyev, Azerbaijani general and politician, 3rd President of Azerbaijan (born 1923)^[208]
2005 – Robert Newmyer, American actor and producer (born 1956)^[209]
2005 – Annette Stroyberg, Danish actress (born 1936)^[210]
2005 – Gebran Tueni, Lebanese journalist and politician (born 1957)^[211]
2006 – Paul Arizin, American basketball player (born 1928)^[212]
2006 – Peter Boyle, American actor (born 1935)^[213]
2006 – Raymond P. Shafer, American attorney and politician, 39th Governor of Pennsylvania (born 1917)^[214]
2006 – Alan Shugart, American engineer and businessman, co-founded Seagate Technology (born 1930)^[215]
2007 – François al-Hajj, Lebanese general (born 1953)^[216]
2007 – Ike Turner, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (born 1931)^[217]
2008 – Avery Dulles, American cardinal and theologian (born 1918)^[218]
2008 – Van Johnson, American actor (born 1916)^[219]
2010 – Tom Walkinshaw, Scottish race car driver, founded Tom Walkinshaw Racing (born 1946)^[220]^[221]
2012 – Joe Allbritton, American banker, publisher, and philanthropist, founded the Allbritton Communications Company (born 1924)^[222]
2012 – David Tait, English rugby player (born 1987)^[223]
2013 – Tom Laughlin, American actor, director, screenwriter, author, educator, and activist (born 1931)^[224]
2013 – Abdul Quader Molla, Bangladeshi journalist and politician (born 1948)^[225]
2013 – Audrey Totter, American actress (born 1917)^[226]
2014 – Norman Bridwell, American author and illustrator, created Clifford the Big Red Dog (born 1928)^[227]
2014 – Ivor Grattan-Guinness, English mathematician, historian, and academic (born 1941)^[228]^[229]
2014 – Herb Plews, American baseball player (born 1928)^[230]
2015 – Frans Geurtsen, Dutch footballer (born 1942)^[231]
2015 – Evelyn S. Lieberman, American politician, White House Deputy Chief of Staff (born 1944)^[232]
2016 – Shirley Hazzard, Australian-American novelist, short story writer, and essayist (born 1931)^[233]
2017 – Ed Lee, American politician and attorney, 43rd Mayor of San Francisco (born 1952)^[234]^[235]^[236]
2017 – Pat DiNizio, American singer and songwriter (born 1955)^[237]^[238]
2019 – Danny Aiello, American actor (born 1933)^[239]
2020 – John le Carré, English author (born 1931)^[240]
2020 – Ann Reinking, American actress, dancer, and choreographer (born 1949)^[241]
2021 – Vicente Fernández, Mexican actor, ranchera singer, and film producer (born 1940)^[242]
2021 – Bernie Fowler, American politician and environmental advocate (born 1924)^[243]^[244]
2021 – Maʻafu Tukuiʻaulahi, Tongan politician and military officer, Deputy Prime Minister (born 1955)^[245]^[246]

Holidays and observances

References

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↑ Topping, Peter (1975). "The Morea, 1364–1460". In Hazard, Harry W. (ed.). A History of the Crusades, Volume III: The fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. p. 153. ISBN 0-299-06670-3.
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@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 ===Pre-1600===
 * [[627]] &ndash; [[Battle of Nineveh (627)|Battle of Nineveh]]: A [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantine]] army under Emperor [[Heraclius]] defeats Emperor [[Khosrau II]]'s [[Sasanian Empire|Persian]] forces, commanded by [[Rhahzadh|General Rhahzadh]].<ref>{{citation | last = Kaegi | first = Walter Emil | author-link=Walter Kaegi | title = Heraclius: emperor of Byzantium | publisher = Cambridge University Press | year = 2003 | isbn = 978-0-521-81459-1|pages=[https://books.google.com/books?id=tlNlFZ_7UhoC&pg=PA161 161–162]}}</ref>
-*[[1388]] &ndash; [[Maria of Enghien]] sells the lordship of [[Argos and Nauplia]] to the [[Republic of Venice]].<ref>{{cite book | chapter = The Morea, 1364–1460 | last = Topping | first = Peter | title=A History of the Crusades, Volume III: The fourteenth and fifteenth centuries | editor-first=Harry W. | editor-last=Hazard |year=1975 |publisher=University of Wisconsin Press | location = Madison, Wisconsin | chapter-url=http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/History/History-idx?type=div&did=History.CrusThree.i0017 | isbn = 0-299-06670-3|page=153}}</ref>
+*[[1388]] &ndash; [[Maria of Enghien, Lady of Argos and Nauplia|Maria of Enghien]] sells the lordship of [[Argos and Nauplia]] to the [[Republic of Venice]].<ref>{{cite book | chapter = The Morea, 1364–1460 | last = Topping | first = Peter | title=A History of the Crusades, Volume III: The fourteenth and fifteenth centuries | editor-first=Harry W. | editor-last=Hazard |year=1975 |publisher=University of Wisconsin Press | location = Madison, Wisconsin | chapter-url=http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/History/History-idx?type=div&did=History.CrusThree.i0017 | isbn = 0-299-06670-3|page=153}}</ref>
 ===1601–1900===
@@ Line 21: / Line 21: @@
 *[[1917]] &ndash; Father [[Edward J. Flanagan]] founds [[Boys Town (organization)|Boys Town]] as a farm village for wayward boys.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.usmint.gov/learn/coin-and-medal-programs/commemorative-coins/boys-town-centennial|title=Boys Town Centennial Commemorative Coin Program|website=usmint.gov  |date=19 September 2016 | access-date = 8 January 2020}}</ref>
 *[[1935]] &ndash; The [[Lebensborn]] Project, a Nazi reproduction program, is founded by [[Heinrich Himmler]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Albanese|first=Patrizia|title=Mothers of the Nation: Women, Families and Nationalism in Twentieth-Century Europe|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X9ivwlTAiQkC&pg=PA37|year=2006|publisher=University of Toronto Press|location=Toronto|isbn=978-0-8020-9015-7|page=37  | access-date = 8 January 2020}}</ref>
-*[[1936]] &ndash; The beginning of [[Xi'an Incident|Xi'an incident]]. As a result, [[Chiang Kai-shek|Chiang Kai Shek]] is captured.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Barnouin |first1=Barbara |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780674290112/ |title=Zhou Enlai: A Political Life |last2=Yu |first2=Changgen |date=2006 |publisher=The Chinese University Press |location=Hong Kong |access-date=28 January 2023}}</ref>
+*[[1936]] &ndash; The beginning of [[Xi'an Incident|Xi'an incident]]. As a result, [[Chiang Kai-shek|Chiang Kai Shek]] is captured.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Barnouin |first1=Barbara |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780674290112/ |title=Zhou Enlai: A Political Life |last2=Yu |first2=Changgen |date=2006 |publisher=The Chinese University Press |location=Hong Kong |isbn=978-0-674-29011-2 |access-date=28 January 2023}}</ref>
 *[[1937]] &ndash; [[Second Sino-Japanese War]]: [[USS Panay incident|USS ''Panay'' incident]]: [[Empire of Japan|Japanese]] aircraft bomb and sink U.S. gunboat {{USS|Panay|PR-5|6}} on the [[Yangtze]] river in China.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.history.navy.mil/content/history/museums/nmusn/explore/photography/wwii/wwii-pacific/pre-us-enty/1937-december-12-japanese-attack-on-uss-panay.html|title=1937: December 12: Japanese attack on USS Panay (PR-5)|website=NHHC}}</ref>
 *[[1939]] &ndash; {{HMS|Duchess|H64|6}} sinks after a collision with {{HMS|Barham|04|6}} off the coast of Scotland with the loss of 124 men.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/4373.html|title=HMS Duchess (H 64) of the Royal Navy - British Destroyer of the D class - Allied Warships of WWII|website=uboat.net}}</ref>
@@ Line 65: / Line 65: @@
 *[[1870]] &ndash; [[Walter Benona Sharp]], American businessman, co-founded [[Hughes Tool Company]] (died 1912)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fsh06|series=Handbook of Texas Online|title=SHARP, WALTER BENONA|access-date=19 August 2018|publisher=[[Texas State Historical Association]]|last=Gano|first=R. C.|date=15 June 2010}}</ref>
 *[[1876]] &ndash; [[Alvin Kraenzlein]], American hurdler and runner (died 1928)<ref>{{cite web|title=Alvin Kraenzlein|url=http://www.legacy.usatf.org/halloffame/TF/showBio.asp?HOFIDs=90|work=USA Track & Field Hall of Fame|publisher=usatf.org|access-date=2013-06-18|archive-date=2020-08-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200819212052/http://legacy.usatf.org/halloffame/TF/showBio.asp?HOFIDs=90|url-status=dead}}</ref>
-*[[1881]] &ndash; [[Louise Thuliez]], French school teacher, resistance fighter during World War I and World War II and author (died 1966)<ref>{{cite web |title=Louise Thuliez (1881-1966) |url=https://data.bnf.fr/10378748/louise_thuliez/ |website=data.bnf.fr |access-date=9 January 2020}}</ref>
+*[[1881]] &ndash; [[Louise Thuliez]], French school teacher, resistance fighter during World War I and World War II and author (died 1966)<ref>{{cite web |title=Louise Thuliez (1881–1966) |url=https://data.bnf.fr/10378748/louise_thuliez/ |website=data.bnf.fr |access-date=9 January 2020}}</ref>
 *[[1893]] &ndash; [[Edward G. Robinson]], American actor (died 1973)<ref>{{cite news|title=Edward G. Robinson, 79, Dies; His 'Little Caesar' Set a Style; Man of Great Kindness Edward G. Robinson Is Dead at 79 Made Speeches to Friends Appeared in 100 Films|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1973/01/27/archives/edward-g-robinson-79-dies-his-little-caesar-set-a-style-man-of.html |work=[[The New York Times]]|date=January 27, 1973|access-date=July 21, 2007}}</ref>
@@ Line 72: / Line 72: @@
 *[[1907]] &ndash; [[Roy Douglas]], English pianist and composer (died 2015)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/11494520/Roy-Douglas-composer-obituary.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/11494520/Roy-Douglas-composer-obituary.html |archive-date=2022-01-12 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Roy Douglas, composer - obituary|date=March 25, 2015|work=The Daily Telegraph}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
 *[[1912]] &ndash; [[Henry Armstrong]], American boxer (died 1988)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://boxrec.com/en/proboxer/009018|title=BoxRec: Henry Armstrong|website=boxrec.com}}</ref>
-*[[1914]] &ndash; [[Patrick O'Brian]], English author (died 2000)<ref name="UPI">{{cite web |title=Famous birthdays for Dec. 12: Bob Pettit, Bob Barker |url=https://www.upi.com/Entertainment_News/2022/12/12/Famous-birthdays-for-Dec-12-Bob-Pettit-Bob-Barker/5061670778710/ |publisher=[[UPI]] |access-date=11 December 2023 |date=12 December 2022}}</ref>
+*[[1914]] &ndash; [[Patrick O'Brian]], English author (died 2000)<ref name="UPI">{{cite web |title=Famous birthdays for Dec. 12: Bob Pettit, Bob Barker |url=https://www.upi.com/Entertainment_News/2022/12/12/Famous-birthdays-for-Dec-12-Bob-Pettit-Bob-Barker/5061670778710/ |publisher=[[United Press International|UPI]] |access-date=11 December 2023 |date=12 December 2022}}</ref>
 *[[1915]] &ndash; [[Frank Sinatra]], American singer, actor, and producer (died 1998)<ref>{{Britannica|545620}}</ref>
 *[[1918]] &ndash; [[Joe Williams (jazz singer)|Joe Williams]], American singer and pianist (died 1999)<ref name=anb>James Ross Moore (2002). [http://www.anb.org/articles/18/18-03701.html Williams, Joe]. ''American National Biography'' online edition. Retrieved 16 January 2020.</ref>
@@ Line 95: / Line 95: @@
 *[[1940]] &ndash; [[Sharad Pawar]], Indian politician, [[Minister of Agriculture (India)|Indian Minister of Agriculture]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Detailed Profile: Shri Sharad Chandra Govindrao Pawar |url=http://www.archive.india.gov.in/govt/loksabhampbiodata.php?mpcode=327 |website=[[India.gov.in]] |access-date=17 December 2016}}</ref>
 *  1940   &ndash; [[Dionne Warwick]], American singer<ref>{{cite web |last1=Meara |first1=Paul |title=Dionne Warwick's 81st Birthday Celebration To Be Streamed Next Week |url=https://www.bet.com/article/o94319/dionne-warwick-81st-birthday-celebration-streamed |website=[[Black Entertainment Television|BET]] |access-date=4 August 2022 |date=15 December 2021}}</ref>
-*[[1942]] &ndash; [[Bob Thompson (pianist)|Bob Thompson]], American jazz pianist, composer and arranger<ref>{{cite news | last = Keller | first = Michael W. | title = This Week in West Virginia History | work = The Register-Herald | date = December 11, 2022 | url = https://www.register-herald.com/news/life/this-week-in-west-virginia-history/article_b729157c-75ab-11ed-8bc4-7b401f947656.html | access-date = March 1, 2024}}</ref>
+*[[1942]] &ndash; [[Bob Thompson (musician, born 1942)|Bob Thompson]], American jazz pianist, composer and arranger<ref>{{cite news | last = Keller | first = Michael W. | title = This Week in West Virginia History | work = The Register-Herald | date = December 11, 2022 | url = https://www.register-herald.com/news/life/this-week-in-west-virginia-history/article_b729157c-75ab-11ed-8bc4-7b401f947656.html | access-date = March 1, 2024}}</ref>
 *[[1943]] &ndash; [[Dickey Betts]], American musician and songwriter (died 2024)<ref name="AP" />
 *  1943   &ndash; [[Grover Washington, Jr.]], American singer-songwriter, saxophonist, and producer (died 1999)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/grover-washington-jr-mn0000944206/biography|title=Grover Washington, Jr. - Biography & History|publisher=[[AllMusic]]|access-date=December 6, 2017}}</ref>
@@ Line 101: / Line 101: @@
 *  1945   &ndash; [[Tony Williams (drummer)|Tony Williams]], American drummer, composer, and producer (died 1997)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/tony-williams-mn0000791318/biography|title=Tony Williams &#124; Biography & History|publisher=AllMusic}}</ref>
 *[[1946]] &ndash; [[Emerson Fittipaldi]], Brazilian racing driver<ref>{{Cite web|title=Emerson Fittipaldi{{!}} Formula 1®|url=https://www.formula1.com/en/drivers/hall-of-fame/Emerson_Fittipaldi.html|access-date=2021-12-12|website=Formula 1® - The Official F1® Website|language=en}}</ref>
-*[[1947]] &ndash; [[Wings Hauser]], American actor (died 2025)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Minton |first=Matt |date=March 20, 2025 |title=Wings Hauser, Character Actor From ‘Vice Squad,’ ‘The Young and the Restless,’ Dies at 78 |url=https://variety.com/2025/film/news/wings-hauser-dead-vice-squad-young-and-the-restless-1236343867/ |access-date=March 21, 2025 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="AP" />
+*[[1947]] &ndash; [[Wings Hauser]], American actor (died 2025)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Minton |first=Matt |date=March 20, 2025 |title=Wings Hauser, Character Actor From 'Vice Squad,' 'The Young and the Restless,' Dies at 78 |url=https://variety.com/2025/film/news/wings-hauser-dead-vice-squad-young-and-the-restless-1236343867/ |access-date=March 21, 2025 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="AP" />
 *  1947   &ndash; [[Don Keith]], American writer<ref>{{Cite web |title=Don Keith List of Books |url=https://www.booknotification.com/authors/don-keith/ |access-date=6 August 2023 |website=Book Notification|date=14 August 2021 }}</ref>
 *  1947   &ndash; [[Chris Mullin (politician)|Chris Mullin]], English journalist and politician<ref>{{cite news | title = Chris Mullin - Political Profile | newspaper = [[BBC News Online]] | date = 2002-10-16 | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/2174081.stm | access-date = 2020-02-12}}</ref>
@@ Line 108: / Line 108: @@
 *[[1949]] &ndash; [[Bill Nighy]], English actor<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/1435154/Family-Detective.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/1435154/Family-Detective.html |archive-date=2022-01-12 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Family Detective|first=Nick|last=Barratt|date=11 November 2006|work=The Daily Telegraph}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
 *  1949   &ndash; [[Marc Ravalomanana]], Malagasy businessman and politician, [[President of Madagascar]]<ref>{{cite web|last=Geslin |first=Jean-Dominique |title=Ravalomanana le PDG de la République |publisher=Jeune Afrique |date=15 January 2007 |url=http://www.jeuneafrique.com/Article/LIN14017ravaleuqilb0/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120126014659/http://www.jeuneafrique.com/Article/LIN14017ravaleuqilb0/ |archive-date=26 January 2012 |language=fr |access-date=25 June 2012  |df=dmy }}</ref>
+*  1949   &ndash; [[David Abulafia]], English historian (died 2026)<ref>{{cite web |title=Professor David Abulafia CBE has died. He was 76. |url=https://www.cai.cam.ac.uk/news/david-abulafia-1949-2026 |website=News |publisher=[[Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Biggar |first1=Nigel |author1-link=Nigel Biggar |title=David Abulafia was a rare, truth-seeking historian |url=https://spectator.com/article/david-abulafia-was-a-rare-truth-seeking-historian/ |access-date=27 January 2026 |work=[[The Spectator]] |date=26 January 2026}}</ref>
 *[[1950]] &ndash; [[Pedro Ferriz de Con]], Mexican journalist<ref>{{cite news | last = Corona | first = Salvador | title = Vamos contra el populismo y el abstencionismo: Ferriz de Con | newspaper = El Economista (Mexico) | language = es | date = 2017-11-11 | url = https://www.eleconomista.com.mx/politica/Vamos-contra-el-populismo-y-el-abstencionismo-Ferriz-de-Con-20171111-0008.html | access-date = 2020-02-13| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200213082840/https://www.eleconomista.com.mx/politica/Vamos-contra-el-populismo-y-el-abstencionismo-Ferriz-de-Con-20171111-0008.html | archive-date = 2020-02-13}}</ref>
 *  1950   &ndash; [[Heiner Flassbeck]], German economist and academic<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.flassbeck.com/pdf/Lebenslaeufe/lebeng.pdf | title = Curriculum Vitae Dr Heiner Flassbeck | last = Flassbeck | first = Heiner | website = flassbeck.com | access-date = 2020-02-13 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180921234044/http://www.flassbeck.com/pdf/Lebenslaeufe/lebeng.pdf | archive-date = 2018-09-21}}</ref>
@@ Line 117: / Line 118: @@
 *[[1953]] &ndash; [[Martin Ferguson (politician)|Martin Ferguson]], Australian lawyer and politician<ref>{{Cite Au Parliament |name=Hon Martin Ferguson AM, MP |mpid=LS4 |access-date=2021-11-04}}</ref>
 *  1953   &ndash; [[Rafael Septién]], Mexican-American football player<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nfl.com/players/rafaelseptien/profile?id=SEP415291|title=Rafael Septien|publisher=National Football League}}</ref>
-*[[1955]] &ndash; [[Eddy Schepers]], Belgian cyclist<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/sc/eddy-schepers-1.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418135510/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/sc/eddy-schepers-1.html|archive-date=2020-04-18|title=Eddy Schepers Bio, Stats, and Results|website=Olympics at Sports-Reference.com}}</ref>
+*[[1955]] &ndash; [[Chris Phelan]], Irish-Australian rugby league player (died 2026)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rugbyleagueproject.org/players/chris-phelan/summary.html|title=Career Stats & Summary – Rugby League Project|publisher=Rugby League Project}}</ref>
+*  1955   &ndash; [[Eddy Schepers]], Belgian cyclist<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/sc/eddy-schepers-1.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418135510/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/sc/eddy-schepers-1.html|archive-date=2020-04-18|title=Eddy Schepers Bio, Stats, and Results|website=Olympics at Sports-Reference.com}}</ref>
 *  1955   &ndash; [[Stephen Smith (Australian politician)|Stephen Smith]], Australian politician<ref>[https://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/search/display/display.w3p;query=Id%3A%22handbook%2Fallmps%2F5V5%22 ParlInfo - Biography for SMITH, the Hon. Stephen Francis], Parliament of Australia.</ref>
-*[[1956]] &ndash; [[Johan van der Velde]], Dutch cyclist<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cyclingarchives.com/coureurfiche.php?coureurid=7471|title=Johan Van Der Velde|first=Cycling|last=Archives|website=cyclingarchives.com}}</ref>
+*[[1956]] &ndash; [[Johan van der Velde]], Dutch cyclist<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cyclingarchives.com/coureurfiche.php?coureurid=7471|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110823162931/http://www.cyclingarchives.com/coureurfiche.php?coureurid=7471|url-status=usurped|archive-date=August 23, 2011|title=Johan Van Der Velde|first=Cycling|last=Archives|website=cyclingarchives.com}}</ref>
 *[[1957]] &ndash; [[Sheila E.]], American singer and musician<ref name="AP" />
 *[[1958]] &ndash; [[Sheree J. Wilson]], American actress<ref name="AP" />
@@ Line 127: / Line 129: @@
 *  1962   &ndash; [[Arturo Barrios]], Mexican-American runner<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldathletics.org/athletes/united-states/arturo-barrios-14349242|title=Arturo BARRIOS &#124; Profile|website=worldathletics.org}}</ref>
 *  1962   &ndash; [[Mike Golic]], American football player and radio host<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/G/GoliMi20.htm|title=Mike Golic Stats|website=Pro-Football-Reference.com}}</ref>
-*[[1963]] &ndash; [[Eduardo Castro Luque]], Mexican businessman and politician<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.elimparcial.com/EdicionEnLinea/Notas/Noticias/15092012/622484.aspx|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120916181736/http://www.elimparcial.com/EdicionEnLinea/Notas/Noticias/15092012/622484.aspx|archive-date=2012-09-16|title=WebCite query result|website=webcitation.org}}</ref> (died 2012)
+*[[1963]] &ndash; [[Eduardo Castro Luque]], Mexican businessman and politician<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.elimparcial.com/EdicionEnLinea/Notas/Noticias/15092012/622484.aspx|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120916181736/http://www.elimparcial.com/EdicionEnLinea/Notas/Noticias/15092012/622484.aspx|archive-date=2012-09-16|title=Perfil de Eduardo Enrique Castro Luque|website=webcitation.org}}</ref> (died 2012)
 *[[1964]] &ndash; [[Haywood Jeffires]], American football player and coach<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/J/JeffHa00.htm|title=Haywood Jeffires Stats|website=Pro-Football-Reference.com}}</ref>
-*  1964   &ndash; [[Sabu (wrestler)|Sabu]], American wrestler<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mac |first1=Eddie |title=This Day in Wrestling History (Dec. 12): The McMahon-Helmsley Era Begins |url=https://www.cagesideseats.com/2015/12/12/9879238/this-day-in-wrestling-history-dec-12-the-mcmahon-helmsley-era-begins |publisher=[[CageSide Seats]] |access-date=11 December 2023 |date=12 December 2015}}</ref>
+*  1964   &ndash; [[Sabu (wrestler)|Sabu]], American wrestler<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mac |first1=Eddie |title=This Day in Wrestling History (Dec. 12): The McMahon-Helmsley Era Begins |url=https://www.cagesideseats.com/2015/12/12/9879238/this-day-in-wrestling-history-dec-12-the-mcmahon-helmsley-era-begins |publisher=[[CageSide Seats]] |access-date=11 December 2023 |date=12 December 2015}}</ref>(died 2025)
 *[[1965]] &ndash; [[Russell Batiste Jr.]], American funk and R&B drummer (died 2023)<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/06/arts/music/russell-batiste-dead.html|title=Russell Batiste Jr., the Drummer Heartbeat of New Orleans, Dies at 57|last=Williams|first=Alex|newspaper=The New York Times|date=October 6, 2023|access-date=October 7, 2023}}</ref>
-* 1965 &ndash; [[Will Carling]], English rugby union player<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.world.rugby/halloffame/inductees/706698 |title=Will Carling }}</ref>
+*  1965   &ndash; [[Will Carling]], English rugby union player<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.world.rugby/halloffame/inductees/706698 |title=Will Carling }}</ref>
 *[[1967]] &ndash; [[John Randle]], American football player<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nfl.com/players/john-randle/|title=John Randle Stats, News & Video - DT |publisher=National Football League}}</ref>
 *[[1968]] &ndash; [[Sašo Udovič]], Slovenian footballer<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.national-football-teams.com/player/12665/Saso_Udovic.html|title=Sašo Udovič|first=Benjamin|last=Strack-Zimmermann|website=national-football-teams.com}}</ref>
 *[[1969]] &ndash; [[Wilfred Kirochi]], Kenyan runner<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldathletics.org/athletes/kenya/wilfred-oanda-kirochi-14359049|title=Wilfred Oanda KIROCHI &#124; Profile|website=worldathletics.org}}</ref>
 *  1969   &ndash; [[Fiona May]], English-Italian long jumper<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ma/fiona-may-1.html|title=Fiona May Bio, Stats, and Results &#124; Olympics at Sports-Reference.com|date=December 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161203141719/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ma/fiona-may-1.html|archive-date=2016-12-03}}</ref>
-*  1969   &ndash; [[Michael Möllenbeck]], German discus thrower<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldathletics.org/athletes/germany/michael-mollenbeck-14193436|title=Michael MÖLLENBECK &#124; Profile|website=worldathletics.org}}</ref>
+*  1969   &ndash; [[Michael Möllenbeck]], German discus thrower (died 2022)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldathletics.org/athletes/germany/michael-mollenbeck-14193436|title=Michael MÖLLENBECK &#124; Profile|website=worldathletics.org}}</ref>
 *[[1970]] &ndash; [[Mädchen Amick]], American actress and director<ref name="AP">{{cite web |last1=Rose |first1=Mike |title=Today's famous birthdays list for December 12, 2022 includes celebrities Jennifer Connelly, Mayim Bialik |url=https://www.cleveland.com/entertainment/2022/12/todays-famous-birthdays-list-for-december-12-2022-includes-celebrities-jennifer-connelly-mayim-bialik.html |website=[[The Plain Dealer]] |publisher=[[Associated Press]] |access-date=11 December 2023 |date=12 December 2022}}</ref>
+*  1970   &ndash; [[Tahir Bilgiç]] Turkish-Australian comedian and actor<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2003-01-10|title=Young Turk|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/art-and-design/young-turk-20030110-gdg33t.html|access-date=2021-02-14|website=The Sydney Morning Herald|language=en}}</ref>
 *  1970   &ndash; [[Jennifer Connelly]], American actress<ref>{{cite web |last1=Peake |first1=Amber |title=Jennifer Connelly was very young when she starred in iconic Labyrinth role with David Bowie |date=11 June 2022 |url=https://www.hitc.com/en-gb/2022/06/11/young-jennifer-connelly/ |publisher=[[HITC]] |access-date=5 December 2022 |archive-date=5 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205202653/https://www.hitc.com/en-gb/2022/06/11/young-jennifer-connelly/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
 *  1970   &ndash; [[Regina Hall]], American actress<ref>{{cite web |last1=Reilly |first1=Kaitlin |title=Regina Hall Celebrates Her 50th Birthday With Hilarious Song: "A Bitch Is Old Today" |url=https://www.eonline.com/news/1218224/regina-hall-celebrates-her-50th-birthday-with-hilarious-song-a-bitch-is-old-today |publisher=[[E!]] |access-date=5 December 2022 |date=12 December 2020}}</ref>
@@ Line 161: / Line 164: @@
 *  1981   &ndash; [[Pedro Ríos]], Spanish footballer<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/pedro-rios-maestre/60939/|title=Spain - Pedro Ríos - Profile with news, career statistics and history |publisher=Soccerway}}</ref>
 *  1981   &ndash; [[Yuvraj Singh]], Indian cricketer<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/india/content/player/36084.html|title=Yuvraj Singh|publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref>
-*  1981   &ndash; [[Stephen Warnock]], English footballer<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/players/player.sd?player_id=32334|title=Stephen Warnock &#124; 2001-2018 &#124; Soccer Base|website=soccerbase.com}}</ref>
+*  1981   &ndash; [[Stephen Warnock]], English footballer<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/players/player.sd?player_id=32334|title=Stephen Warnock &#124; 2001–2018 &#124; Soccer Base|website=soccerbase.com}}</ref>
 *  1981   &ndash; [[Andrew Whitworth]], American football player and commentator<ref>{{cite web |title=Andrew Whitworth |url=https://www.espn.com/nfl/player/_/id/9641/andrew-whitworth |publisher=[[ESPN]] |access-date=11 December 2023}}</ref>
 *[[1982]] &ndash; [[Ervin Santana]], Dominican baseball player<ref>{{cite web |title=Ervin Santana |url=https://www.mlb.com/player/ervin-santana-429722 |publisher=[[Major League Baseball]] |access-date=11 December 2023}}</ref>
 *  1982   &ndash; [[Dmitry Tursunov]], Russian tennis player and coach<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.atptour.com/en/players/dmitry-tursunov/t315/overview|title=Dmitry Tursunov &#124; Tennis|website=ATP Tour}}</ref>
 *[[1983]] &ndash; [[Roni Porokara]], Finnish footballer<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fifaindex.com/player/150949/roni-porokara/fifa11/|title=Roni Porokara - FIFA 11 - Player Stats|website=fifaindex.com}}</ref>
-*[[1984]] &ndash; [[Daniel Agger]], Danish footballer<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fifa.com/fifa-tournaments/players-coaches/people=227846/index.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20150820151219/http://www.fifa.com/fifa-tournaments/players-coaches/people=227846/index.html|archive-date=August 20, 2015|title=Tournaments, latest news, latest video, futsal, beach soccer|date=August 20, 2015|website=archive.md}}</ref>
+*[[1984]] &ndash; [[Daniel Agger]], Danish footballer<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fifaindex.com/player/152039/daniel-agger/fifa24/|title=Player Stats Daniel Agger|date=August 20, 2015|website=FIFA Index}}</ref>
 *[[1985]] &ndash; [[Pat Calathes]], Greek-American basketball player<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.euroleague.net/competition/players/showplayer?clubcode=MAR&pcode=001142&seasoncode=E2011|title=CALATHES, PAT - Welcome to EUROLEAGUE BASKETBALL|website=euroleague.net|date=5 April 2024 }}</ref>
 *  1985   &ndash; [[Andrew Ladd]], Canadian ice hockey player<ref>{{cite web |title=Andrew Ladd |url=https://www.nhl.com/player/andrew-ladd-8471217 |publisher=[[National Hockey League]] |access-date=11 December 2023}}</ref>
@@ Line 179: / Line 182: @@
 *  1990   &ndash; [[Victor Moses]], Nigerian footballer<ref>{{cite web|title=Victor Moses|url=https://www.premierleague.com/players/3983/Victor-Moses/overview|website=Premier League|access-date=12 December 2024}}</ref>
 *  1990   &ndash; [[Tyron Smith]], American football player<ref>{{cite web |title=Tyron Smith |url=https://www.espn.com/nfl/player/_/id/13978/tyron-smith |publisher=[[ESPN]] |access-date=11 December 2023}}</ref>
-*[[1991]] &ndash; [[Joseph Leilua]], Australian-Samoan rugby league player<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nrl.com/players/internationals/samoa/joseph-leilua/|title=Joseph Leilua|website=NRL|access-date=10 December 2020|archive-date=14 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414173416/https://www.nrl.com/players/internationals/samoa/joseph-leilua/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
+*[[1991]] &ndash; [[Shohjahon Ergashev]], Uzbek professional boxer<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shohjahon Ergashev ("Descendant of Tamerlane") {{!}} Boxer Page |url=https://www.tapology.com/fightcenter/fighters/201103-shohjahon-ergashev |access-date=2025-08-02 |website=Tapology |language=en}}</ref>
-*[[1993]] &ndash; [[Zeli Ismail]], English footballer<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldfootball.net/player_summary/zeli-ismail/|title=Zeli Ismail|website=worldfootball.net}}</ref>
+*  1991   &ndash; [[Joseph Leilua]], Australian-Samoan rugby league player<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nrl.com/players/internationals/samoa/joseph-leilua/|title=Joseph Leilua|website=NRL|access-date=10 December 2020|archive-date=14 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414173416/https://www.nrl.com/players/internationals/samoa/joseph-leilua/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
+*[[1993]] &ndash; [[Zeli Ismail]], English footballer<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe296134/zeli-ismail/|title=Zeli Ismail|website=worldfootball.net}}</ref>
 *[[1994]] &ndash; [[Otto Warmbier]], American student imprisoned in [[North Korea]] (died 2017)<ref>{{cite news|last1=Dawson |first1=Steve |title=What Happened to Otto Warmbier & Updates |url=https://gazettereview.com/2017/01/happened-otto-warmbier-news-updates/ |access-date=June 13, 2017 |work=The Gazette Review |date=January 16, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170215222135/http://gazettereview.com/2017/01/happened-otto-warmbier-news-updates/ |archive-date=February 15, 2017 }}</ref>
 *[[1996]] &ndash; [[Lucas Hedges]], American actor<ref>{{cite web |title=Lucas Hedges |url=https://www.playbill.com/person/lucas-hedges |publisher=[[Playbill]] |access-date=5 December 2022}}</ref>
@@ Line 189: / Line 193: @@
 ===Pre-1600===
 * [[884]] &ndash; King [[Carloman II]] of the Franks (born c.866; [[hunting]] accident)<ref>{{cite EB1911 |wstitle=Carloman (Frankish princes)|display=Carloman |volume=5 |page=343}}</ref>
+* [[1204]] &ndash; [[Maimonides]], Jewish physician, philosopher, and scholar (born 1135 or 1138)<ref>{{cite book |author1=Leonard S. Kravitz  |author2=Kerry M. Olitzky|name-list-style=amp |title= Moses Maimonides |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=FwaDZmMDIjwC&q=Maimonides+synagogue+cairo&pg=PA129|publisher=UHAC Press, US|date= October 1999 |pages=129|isbn=9780807407042 }}</ref>
 *[[1296]] &ndash; [[Isabella of Mar]], first wife of Robert Bruce VII (born 1277)<ref>{{cite web |title=Isabella of Mar {{!}} Mapping Memorials to Women in Scotland |url=http://womenofscotland.org.uk/women/isabella-mar |website=womenofscotland.org.uk |access-date=17 January 2020}}</ref>
 *[[1572]] &ndash; [[Loredana Marcello]], Dogaressa of Venice, botanist, author<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/dogaressasofveni00stal#page/268/mode/2up|author=Staley, Edgcumbe|title=The dogaressas of Venice: The wives of the doges|publisher=T. W. Laurie|page=269|access-date=2 August 2020}}</ref>
@@ Line 202: / Line 207: @@
 ===1901–present===
-*[[1913]] &ndash; [[Menelik II]], Ethiopian emperor (born 1844)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.blackpast.org/global-african-history/emperor-menelik-ii-sahle-miriam-1844-1913/|title=Emperor Menelik II (Sahle Miriam) (1844-1913)|first=Euell A.|last=Nielsen|date=May 6, 2019}}</ref>
+*[[1913]] &ndash; [[Menelik II]], Ethiopian emperor (born 1844)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.blackpast.org/global-african-history/emperor-menelik-ii-sahle-miriam-1844-1913/|title=Emperor Menelik II (Sahle Miriam) (1844–1913)|first=Euell A.|last=Nielsen|date=May 6, 2019}}</ref>
 *[[1921]] &ndash; [[Henrietta Swan Leavitt]], American astronomer and academic (born 1868)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.famousscientists.org/henrietta-swan-leavitt/|title=Henrietta Swan Leavitt - Biography, Facts and Pictures}}</ref>
 *[[1923]] &ndash; [[Raymond Radiguet]], French author and poet (born 1903)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://salon-litteraire.linternaute.com/fr/raymond-radiguet/content/1806772-raymond-radiguet-biographie|title=Raymond Radiguet: Biographie|date=November 6, 2012|website=salon-litteraire.linternaute.com|access-date=August 25, 2020|archive-date=May 30, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230530085332/http://salon-litteraire.linternaute.com/fr/raymond-radiguet/content/1806772-raymond-radiguet-biographie|url-status=dead}}</ref>
@@ Line 213: / Line 218: @@
 *[[1966]] &ndash; [[Karl Ruberl]], Austrian-American swimmer (born 1880)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ru/karl-ruberl-1.html|title=Karl Ruberl Bio, Stats, and Results &#124; Olympics at Sports-Reference.com|date=April 17, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200417165101/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ru/karl-ruberl-1.html|archive-date=2020-04-17}}</ref>
 *[[1968]] &ndash; [[Tallulah Bankhead]], American actress (born 1902)<ref>{{cite news|first=Murray|last=Schumach|title=Tallulah Bankhead Dead at 65; Vibrant Stage and Screen Star|url=http://graphics8.nytimes.com/packages/pdf/arts/bankhead-obit.pdf|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=December 13, 1969|access-date=February 17, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606033553/http://graphics8.nytimes.com/packages/pdf/arts/bankhead-obit.pdf|archive-date=June 6, 2011|url-status=live}}</ref>
-*[[1970]] &ndash; [[Doris Blackburn]], Australian politician (born 1889)<ref>{{Cite Australian Dictionary of Biography |last1=Rasmussen|first1=Carolyn |title=Doris Amelia Blackburn (1889–1970) |id2=http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/blackburn-doris-amelia-9517/text16755 |year=1993 |volume=13 |location=Canberra |access-date=7 February 2015}} Published in hardcopy in Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 13, (MUP), 1993</ref>
+*[[1970]] &ndash; [[Doris Blackburn]], Australian politician (born 1889)<ref>{{Cite Australian Dictionary of Biography |last1=Rasmussen|first1=Carolyn |title=Doris Amelia Blackburn (1889–1970) |id2=blackburn-doris-amelia-9517/text16755 |year=1993 |volume=13 |location=Canberra |access-date=11 September 2025}}</ref>
 *[[1975]] &ndash; [[Richard Baggallay (cricketer)|Richard Baggallay]], English colonel and cricketer (born 1884)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/wisdenalmanack/content/story/230191.html|title=Obituaries in 1975|date=December 19, 2005|publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref>
 *[[1980]] &ndash; [[Jean Lesage]], Canadian lawyer and politician, 19th [[Premier of Quebec]] (born 1912)<ref>{{Quebec MNA biography|lesage-jean-4181}}</ref>
 *[[1985]] &ndash; [[Anne Baxter]], American actress (born 1923)<ref>{{cite news | title=Anne Baxter Dies at 62, 8 Days After Her Stroke | url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1985-12-12-mn-16533-story.html | work=Los Angeles Times | date=December 12, 1985 | agency=Times Wire Service | access-date=May 7, 2018}}</ref>
+*  1985   &ndash; [[Ian Stewart (musician)|Ian Stewart]], Scottish keyboardist and manager (born 1938)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.beggarsbanquetonline.com/decades.htm |title=The Rolling Stones - Beggars Banquet Online - Ian Stewart |access-date=7 February 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130203015627/http://www.beggarsbanquetonline.com/decades.htm |archive-date=3 February 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
 *[[1993]] &ndash; [[József Antall]], Hungarian historian and politician, 35th [[Prime Minister of Hungary]] (born 1932)<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/1993/12/13/obituaries/jozsef-antall-who-led-hungary-after-communists-is-dead-at-61.html Jozsef Antall, Who Led Hungary After Communists, Is Dead at 61], ''[[The New York Times]]'', 13 December 1993 Retrieved 8 January 2012</ref>
-*[[1994]] &ndash; [[Stuart Roosa]], American colonel, pilot, and astronaut (born 1933)<ref>{{cite book |last1= Steitz |first1= David E. |last2= Herring |first2= Kyle |title= Apollo Astronaut Stuart Allen Roosa Dies |publisher= NASA |work= Press release 94-210 |date= December 12, 1994 |access-date=23 December 2013 |url= http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/text/roosa_pr.txt}}</ref>
+*[[1994]] &ndash; [[Stuart Roosa]], American colonel, pilot, and astronaut (born 1933)<ref>{{cite book |last1= Steitz |first1= David E. |last2= Herring |first2= Kyle |title= Apollo Astronaut Stuart Allen Roosa Dies |publisher= NASA |date= December 12, 1994 |access-date=23 December 2013 |url= http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/text/roosa_pr.txt}}</ref>
 *[[1996]] &ndash; [[Vance Packard]], American journalist, author, and critic (born 1914)<ref>{{cite news|last1=Severo|first1=Richard|title=Vance Packard, 82, Challenger of Consumerism, Dies|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/12/13/arts/vance-packard-82-challenger-of-consumerism-dies.html|access-date=December 7, 2017|work=The New York Times|date=December 13, 1996}}</ref>
 *[[1997]] &ndash; [[Evgenii Landis]], Ukrainian-Russian mathematician and academic (born 1921)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.icms.org.uk/archive/meetings/2001/progpde/landis/index.html|title=Progress in PDEs Landis Page|date=February 27, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120227195239/http://www.icms.org.uk/archive/meetings/2001/progpde/landis/index.html|archive-date=2012-02-27}}</ref>
@@ Line 233: / Line 239: @@
 *[[2006]] &ndash; [[Paul Arizin]], American basketball player (born 1928)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://hoophall.com/halloffamers/bhof-paul-arizin.html|title=Official Website of the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame - Hall of Famers|date=February 12, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090212161954/http://hoophall.com/halloffamers/bhof-paul-arizin.html|archive-date=2009-02-12}}</ref>
 *  2006   &ndash; [[Peter Boyle]], American actor (born 1935)<ref>{{cite news|url        = http://www.today.com/id/16187735|title        = Raymond' star Peter Boyle dies at 71|publisher        = Today.com|agency        = Associated Press|date        = 17 December 2006|access-date        = 2007-02-01|archive-date        = 2016-03-21|archive-url        = https://web.archive.org/web/20160321163937/http://www.today.com/id/16187735}}</ref>
-* 2006    &ndash; [[Raymond P. Shafer]], American attorney and politician, 39th [[Governor of Pennsylvania]] (born 1917)<ref>{{cite news|last1=Hamill|first1=Sean D.|title=Raymond P. Shafer, 89, Governor of Pennsylvania, Dies|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/14/obituaries/14shafer.html|access-date=2 May 2024|work=The New York Times|date=14 December 2006}}</ref>
+*  2006   &ndash; [[Raymond P. Shafer]], American attorney and politician, 39th [[Governor of Pennsylvania]] (born 1917)<ref>{{cite news|last1=Hamill|first1=Sean D.|title=Raymond P. Shafer, 89, Governor of Pennsylvania, Dies|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/14/obituaries/14shafer.html|access-date=2 May 2024|work=The New York Times|date=14 December 2006}}</ref>
 *  2006   &ndash; [[Alan Shugart]], American engineer and businessman, co-founded [[Seagate Technology]] (born 1930)<ref>{{cite news| title = Disk drive pioneer Al Shugart dies| work=The New York Times| date = December 15, 2006| url = https://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/15/obituaries/15shugart.html?_r=1&oref=slogin | access-date = September 28, 2007| first=John| last=Markoff}}</ref>
 *[[2007]] &ndash; [[François al-Hajj]], Lebanese general (born 1953)<ref>{{cite news|title=Hajj latest casualty in string of assassinations|url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Hajj+latest+casualty+in+string+of+assassinations.-a0179845985|access-date=20 March 2013|newspaper=The Daily Star|date=13 December 2007}}</ref>
@@ Line 257: / Line 263: @@
 *  2020   &ndash; [[Ann Reinking]], American actress, dancer, and choreographer (born 1949)<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-12-20|title=Ann Reinking obituary|url=http://www.theguardian.com/stage/2020/dec/20/ann-reinking-obituary|access-date=2020-12-24|website=The Guardian|language=en}}</ref>
 *[[2021]] &ndash; [[Vicente Fernández]], Mexican actor, ranchera singer, and film producer (born 1940)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.inquirer.com/obituaries/vicente-fernandez-dies-mexican-singer-obituary-20211213.html|title=Vicente Fernández, revered Mexican singer, dies at 81|date=December 13, 2021|access-date=October 19, 2023|last=Bautista|first=Berenice|website=[[The Philadelphia Inquirer|Inquirer]]}}</ref>
-*2021 &ndash; [[Bernie Fowler]], American politician and environmental advocate (born 1924)<ref>{{cite web |title=Annual Patuxent River Wade-in |url=https://planning.maryland.gov/Pages/OurWork/fowlerwadein.aspx |website=www.maryland.gov |access-date=19 June 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Rasmussen |first1=Frederick |title=Clyde B. 'Bernie' Fowler, a former Maryland state senator who championed the Patuxent River and Chesapeake Bay, dies |url=https://www.capitalgazette.com/2022/02/15/clyde-b-bernie-fowler-a-former-maryland-state-senator-who-championed-the-patuxent-river-and-chesapeake-bay-dies/ |access-date=19 June 2024 |agency=[[Capital Gazette]] |date=15 February 2022}}</ref>
+*  2021   &ndash; [[Bernie Fowler]], American politician and environmental advocate (born 1924)<ref>{{cite web |title=Annual Patuxent River Wade-in |url=https://planning.maryland.gov/Pages/OurWork/fowlerwadein.aspx |website=www.maryland.gov |access-date=19 June 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Rasmussen |first1=Frederick |title=Clyde B. 'Bernie' Fowler, a former Maryland state senator who championed the Patuxent River and Chesapeake Bay, dies |url=https://www.capitalgazette.com/2022/02/15/clyde-b-bernie-fowler-a-former-maryland-state-senator-who-championed-the-patuxent-river-and-chesapeake-bay-dies/ |access-date=19 June 2024 |agency=[[Capital Gazette]] |date=15 February 2022}}</ref>
-*2021 &ndash;  [[Maʻafu Tukuiʻaulahi]], Tongan politician and military officer, Deputy Prime Minister (born 1955)<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Manase Lua|first=Pakilau|date=2021-12-18|title=Obituary: Lord Ma'afu, deputy prime minister of Tonga, a chief who truly loved his people|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/world/south-pacific/127309625/obituary-lord-maafu-deputy-prime-minister-of-tonga-a-chief-who-truly-loved-his-people|url-status=live|access-date=2021-12-19|website=Stuff|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211217165132/https://www.stuff.co.nz/world/south-pacific/127309625/obituary-lord-maafu-deputy-prime-minister-of-tonga-a-chief-who-truly-loved-his-people |archive-date=2021-12-17 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Torika Tokalau|date=13 December 2021|title=Tonga's deputy prime minister Lord Ma'afu dies in Auckland|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/127266149/tongas-deputy-prime-minister-lord-maafu-dies-in-auckland|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211213021851/https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/127266149/tongas-deputy-prime-minister-lord-maafu-dies-in-auckland|archive-date=13 December 2021|access-date=13 December 2021|publisher=Stuff|quote=He was 66 in 2021}}</ref>
+*  2021   &ndash; [[Maʻafu Tukuiʻaulahi]], Tongan politician and military officer, Deputy Prime Minister (born 1955)<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Manase Lua|first=Pakilau|date=2021-12-18|title=Obituary: Lord Ma'afu, deputy prime minister of Tonga, a chief who truly loved his people|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/world/south-pacific/127309625/obituary-lord-maafu-deputy-prime-minister-of-tonga-a-chief-who-truly-loved-his-people|url-status=live|access-date=2021-12-19|website=Stuff|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211217165132/https://www.stuff.co.nz/world/south-pacific/127309625/obituary-lord-maafu-deputy-prime-minister-of-tonga-a-chief-who-truly-loved-his-people |archive-date=2021-12-17 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Torika Tokalau|date=13 December 2021|title=Tonga's deputy prime minister Lord Ma'afu dies in Auckland|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/127266149/tongas-deputy-prime-minister-lord-maafu-dies-in-auckland|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211213021851/https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/127266149/tongas-deputy-prime-minister-lord-maafu-dies-in-auckland|archive-date=13 December 2021|access-date=13 December 2021|publisher=Stuff|quote=He was 66 in 2021}}</ref>
 ==Holidays and observances==

December 12: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 09:35, 5 May 2026

Contents

Events

Pre-1600

1601–1900

1901–present

Births

Pre-1600

1601–1900

1901–present

Deaths

Pre-1600

1601–1900

1901–present

Holidays and observances

References

External links

Navigation menu

December 12: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 09:35, 5 May 2026

Events

Pre-1600

1601–1900

1901–present

Births

Pre-1600

1601–1900

1901–present

Deaths

Pre-1600

1601–1900

1901–present

Holidays and observances

References

External links

Navigation menu

Search