Devo: Difference between revisions

{{short description|American rock band}}

| caption          = Devo performing live at the [[Eventim Apollo]], in [[Hammersmith]], [[London]], [[England]], 2023<br />Left to right: [[Gerald&nbsp;Casale]] ([[Lead vocalist|vocals]]; bass), Josh&nbsp;Hager (guitar; keyboards), [[Mark&nbsp;Mothersbaugh]] (vocals; keyboards), and [[Bob&nbsp;Mothersbaugh]] (guitar)

| origin            = [[Akron, Ohio|Akron]], [[Ohio]], U.S.

| genre            = {{hlist|[[New wave music|New wave]]<ref name="Guardian 1">{{cite news |first=Pat |last=Long |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2009/apr/30/devo-art-punk-80s-revival |title=Pat Long meets new wave 80s oddballs Devo, who are intent on making a comeback |newspaper=The Guardian |date=May 2, 2009 |access-date=November 26, 2015 |location=London}}</ref><ref name="Allmusic bio">{{cite web |url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/devo-mn0000249973/biography |title=Devo |website=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=November 26, 2015}}</ref><ref name="Rolling Stone">{{cite magazine |first=Julian |last=Ring |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/devo-assemble-synthetic-blues-in-auto-modown-song-premiere-20130624 |title=Devo Assemble Synthetic Blues in 'Auto Modown' – Song Premiere |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |date=June 24, 2013 |access-date=December 3, 2015 |location=New York City}}</ref>|[[synth-pop]]<ref name="Allmusic bio"/>|{{nowrap|[[art punk]]}}<ref name="Guardian 1"/>|{{nowrap|[[post-punk]]}}<ref name="Rolling Stone"/>|[[art pop]]<ref>{{cite magazine |first=Martin |last=Aston |title=Devo: Where Are They Now? |magazine=[[Q Magazine|Q]] |date=October 1995}}</ref>|[[electronic rock]]<ref>Steinberg & Kehler (2010), p.355.</ref>|[[geek rock]]<ref>{{cite magazine|title=The Evolution of Nerd Rock|magazine=Uncanny|first=Keidra|last=Chaney|date=January–February 2015|issue=2|pages=129–133|url=http://uncannymagazine.com/article/evolution-nerd-rock/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://consequenceofsound.net/2014/03/the-greatest-nerd-rock-records-of-all-time/full-post/|title=The Greatest Nerd Rock Records of All Time|work=[[Consequence of Sound]]|first1=Nick|last1=Freed|first2=Christina|last2=Salgado|date=March 14, 2014|access-date=February 17, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|chapter=Taste, Kitsch, and Geek Rock: A Multiple Modernities View|first=Martina|last=Topić|pages=25–44|title=Geek Rock: An Exploration of Music and Subculture|editor1-first=Alex|editor1-last=DiBlasi|editor2-first=Victoria|editor2-last=Willis|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|year=2014|isbn=9781442229761}}</ref>}}

'''Devo'''{{efn|({{IPAc-en|ˈ|d|iː|v|oʊ}}, originally {{IPAc-en|d|iː|ˈ|v|oʊ}});<ref>{{cite web |url=http://cluefree.org/devo/Jerry.shtml |title=Info From Jerry Casale |website=Clue Free |access-date=February 5, 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20050206204821/http://cluefree.org/devo/Jerry.shtml |archive-date=February 6, 2005 }}</ref> often stylized as '''DEVO'''}} is an American [[New wave music|new wave]] band from [[Akron, Ohio]], formed in 1973. Their classic line-up consisted of two sets of brothers, the Mothersbaughs ([[Mark Mothersbaugh|Mark]] and [[Bob Mothersbaugh|Bob]]) and the Casales ([[Gerald Casale|Gerald]] and [[Bob Casale|Bob]]), along with [[Alan Myers (drummer)|Alan Myers]]. The band had a No. 14 [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' chart]] hit in 1980 with the single "[[Whip It (Devo song)|Whip It]]", the song that gave the band mainstream popularity.

Devo's music and visual presentation (including stage shows and costumes) mingle [[kitsch]] science fiction themes, [[deadpan]] [[Surreal humour|surrealist humor]] and mordantly [[satire|satirical]] [[social commentary]]. The band's namesake, the [[tongue-in-cheek]] [[social theory]] of "de-evolution", was an integral concept in their early work, which was marked by experimental and dissonant [[art punk]] that merged rock music with [[electronic music|electronics]]. Their output in the 1980s embraced [[synth-pop]] and a more mainstream, less conceptual style, though the band's satirical and quirky humor remained intact. Their music has proven influential on subsequent movements, particularly on [[New wave music|new wave]], [[industrial music|industrial]], and [[alternative rock]] artists. Devo (most enthusiastically Gerald Casale) was also a pioneer of the [[music video]] format.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rooney |first=David |date=2024-01-24 |title='Devo' Review: New Wave Radicals Get the Smart, Freewheeling Appreciation They Deserve |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-reviews/devo-review-1235805636/ |access-date=2024-04-21 |website=The Hollywood Reporter |language=en-US}}</ref>

The name ''Devo'' comes from the concept of "[[Devolution (biology)|de-evolution]]" and the band's related idea that instead of continuing to evolve, mankind had begun to regress, as evidenced by the dysfunction and [[herd mentality]] of American society.<ref name=bio>{{cite web |url=http://www.clubdevo.com/mp/bio.html |title=Devo Bio |website=Clubdevo.com |access-date=September 11, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011183248/http://clubdevo.com/mp/bio.html |archive-date=October 11, 2007}}</ref> In the late 1960s, this idea was developed as a joke by [[Kent State University]] art students [[Gerald Casale]] and [[Bob Lewis (musician)|Bob Lewis]], who created a number of satirical art pieces in a devolution vein. At this time, Casale had also performed with the local band 15-60-75 ([[The Numbers Band]]). They met [[Mark Mothersbaugh]] around 1970, a talented keyboardist who had been playing with the band Flossy Bobbitt.<ref name=thoughts /> Mothersbaugh brought a more humorous feel to the band, introducing them to material like the pamphlet "Jocko Homo Heavenbound",<ref>{{cite web |url=http://fw_alden.tripod.com/id1.html |title=Jocko-Homo Heavenbound |website=F. W. Alden (1873–1955) |access-date=August 19, 2011}}</ref> which includes an illustration of a winged devil labelled "D-EVOLUTION" and would later inspire the song "[[Jocko Homo]]".<ref>Wengrofsky, Jeffrey, [https://coilhouse.net/2008/06/a-conversation-with-mark-mothersbaugh-of-devo/ De-evolution in the 21st-Century: The Avant-Garde as Derriere-Garde: In Conversation with Mark Mothersbaugh] Coilhouse Magazine |Retrieved on May 20, 2020</ref> The "joke" about de-evolution became serious following the [[Kent State shootings|Kent State massacre]] of May 4, 1970. This event would be cited multiple times as the impetus for forming the band Devo.<ref name="WaPo">{{cite news |last=Sommer|first=Tim |title= How the Kent State massacre helped give birth to punk rock |url= https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/how-the-kent-state-massacre-changed-music/2018/05/03/b45ca462-4cb6-11e8-b725-92c89fe3ca4c_story.html |newspaper= Washington Post |access-date=May 3, 2018 |date=May 8, 2018}}</ref> Throughout the band's career, they have often been considered a "joke band" by the music press.<ref>{{cite news|last=Christgau|first=Robert|author-link=Robert Christgau|date=1981|title=Devo Take a Stand|newspaper=[[The Village Voice]]|url=https://www.robertchristgau.com/xg/rock/devo-81.php|access-date=May 23, 2017|via=Robertchristgau.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Kaufman |first=Gil |title=Devo Reveal Truth About De-Evolution |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/508115/devo-reveal-truth-about-de-evolution/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160316065933/http://www.mtv.com/news/508115/devo-reveal-truth-about-de-evolution/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=March 16, 2016 |website=[[MTV]] |access-date=May 23, 2017 |date=August 21, 1996}}</ref>

The first form of Devo was the "Sextet Devo" which performed at the 1973 Kent State performing arts festival.<ref name =thoughts>{{cite web |last=Lewis |first=Robert |author-link=Bob Lewis (musician) |title=Some thoughts on Devo: the first Postmodern Band |year=2006 |website=devo.devaluate.com |url=http://devo.devaluate.com/Devolution.doc |access-date=January 21, 2011 |quote=Let me be plain about this: contrary to popular belief Devo was not and is not a phenomenon of Akron, Ohio. It was rather a logical extension of a series of inexplicable forces that made Kent State University a mass culture nexus for a brief and shining moment. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060207091108/http://devo.devaluate.com/Devolution.doc |archive-date=February 7, 2006}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://devobook.com/sextet.html |title=Sextet Devo |date=2003 |first=Jeff |last=Winner |website=Devobook.com |access-date=February 5, 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110814135057/http://devobook.com/sextet.html |archive-date=August 14, 2011 }}</ref> It included Casale, Lewis and Mothersbaugh, as well as Gerald's brother [[Bob Casale]] on guitar, and friends Rod Reisman and Fred Weber on drums and vocals, respectively. This performance was filmed and an excerpt was later included on the home video release ''[[The Complete Truth About De-Evolution]]''. This lineup performed only once.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eyeballs |first=Slicing Up |date=2023-04-19 |title=Devo played its first gig 50 years ago today — here's some really grainy footage |url=https://www.slicingupeyeballs.com/2023/04/18/devo-50th-anniversary-video/ |access-date=2023-04-26 |website=Slicing Up Eyeballs |language=en-US}}</ref> Devo returned to perform in the Student Governance Center (featured prominently in the film) at the 1974 Creative Arts Festival with a lineup including the Casale brothers, Bob Lewis, Mark Mothersbaugh, and [[Jim Mothersbaugh]] on drums.

The band continued to perform, generally as a quartet, but with a fluid lineup including Mark's brothers [[Bob Mothersbaugh]] and Jim Mothersbaugh. Bob played electric guitar, and Jim provided percussion using a set of home-made [[electronic drum]]s. Their first two music videos, "[[Secret Agent Man (Johnny Rivers song)|Secret Agent Man]]" and "Jocko Homo", which both appeared in ''[[The Truth About De-Evolution]]'', were filmed in [[Akron, Ohio|Akron]], and [[Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio]], the hometown of most members. This lineup of Devo lasted until late 1975 when Jim left the band. Lewis would sometimes play guitar during this period, but mainly stayed in a managerial role. In concert, Devo would often perform in the guise of [[Characters in Devo music videos|theatrical characters]], such as [[Booji Boy]] and the Chinaman. A recording of an early Devo performance from 1975 with the quartet lineup appears on ''[[Devo Live: The Mongoloid Years]]'' (1992), ending with the promoters unplugging Devo's equipment.<ref name=bio />

In 1981, Devo contributed a cover of "[[Working in the Coal Mine]]", recorded during the ''Freedom of Choice'' sessions, to the film ''[[Heavy Metal (film)|Heavy Metal]]''. They offered the song to be used in the film when Warner Bros. refused to include it on the album. Warner then included it as an independent bonus single accompanying their 1981 release, ''[[New Traditionalists]]''. For this album Devo wore self-described "Utopian Boy Scout uniforms" topped with a "New Traditionalist Pomp"—a plastic half-wig modeled on the hairstyle of [[John F. Kennedy]]. Among the singles from the album was "[[Through Being Cool (Devo song)|Through Being Cool]]", written as a reaction to their new-found fame from "Whip It" and seen as a response to new fans who had misinterpreted the message behind the hit song. The album's accompanying tour featured the band performing an intensely physical show with treadmills and a large Greek temple set. That same year they served as [[Toni Basil]]'s backing band on [[Word of Mouth (Toni Basil album)|''Word of Mouth'']], her debut album, which included versions of three Devo songs, recorded with Basil singing lead.<ref name="Top One Hit Wonders: Mickey">{{cite web |title=Mickey – Toni Basil |url=http://toponehitwonders.com/pop/mickey-toni-basil/ |website=Top One Hit Wonders |access-date=May 26, 2014 |archive-date=September 25, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140925174420/http://toponehitwonders.com/pop/mickey-toni-basil/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Gruber: Mickey">{{cite web |last=Gruber |first=Xaque |title='Mickey' Turns 30: A Closer Look at the One and Only Toni Basil |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/xaque-gruber/toni-basil-mickey-anniversary_b_2080971.html |website=The Huffington Post |date=November 8, 2012 |access-date=May 26, 2014}}</ref>

The band's sixth studio album, ''[[Shout (Devo album)|Shout]]'' (1984), which featured extensive use of the [[Fairlight CMI]] digital [[sampler (musical instrument)|sampling]] synthesizer, was received poorly, and the expensive music video they'd produced for their cover of [[the Jimi Hendrix Experience]]'s "[[Are You Experienced (song)|Are You Experienced?]]" was criticized by some as being "disrespectful", all of which caused [[Warner Bros. Records|Warner Bros.]] to buy out the remainder of Devo's contract.<ref>{{cite AV media |people=Jerry Casale |date=October 8, 2020 |title=No. 198:Jerry Casale/Devo- Part 2 |type=[[YouTube]] video |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KhwmvLaZmDE&t=3930s&ab_channel=DeanDelray |access-date=November 6, 2022 |time=72m 56s |publisher=Dean Delray}}</ref> Shortly thereafter, Myers left the band, citing creative unfulfillment.<ref name=Myers>{{cite magazine|title=Alan Myers Obituary |url= https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/alan-myers-devo-drummer-on-whip-it-dies-20130626|magazine=Rolling Stone|date= June 26, 2013|access-date=July 19, 2013}}</ref>

The band played one final show in March 1991 before breaking up. In an interview with Mark Mothersbaugh concerning their 1996 computer game ''[[Devo Presents Adventures of the Smart Patrol (album)|Devo Presents Adventures of the Smart Patrol]]'', he explained, "Around '88, '89, '90 maybe, we did our last tour in Europe, and it was kind of at that point, We were watching ''[[This Is Spinal Tap]]'' on the bus and said, 'Oh my God, that's our life.' And we just said, 'Things have to change.' So we kind of agreed from there that we wouldn't do live shows anymore."{{citation needed|date=December 2022}}

Following the split, Mark Mothersbaugh established [[Mutato Muzika]], a commercial music production studio, along with Bob Mothersbaugh and Bob Casale.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.laweekly.com/music/are-you-not-devo-you-are-mutato-2151061 |title=Are you not Devo? You are Mutato |first=Randall |last=Roberts |date=December 5, 2007 |newspaper=[[LA Weekly]] |access-date=August 4, 2015}}</ref> Mothersbaugh meant to further a career as a [[composer]], and the latter worked as an [[audio engineer]]. Mothersbaugh has had considerable success writing and producing music for television programs, including ''[[Pee-wee's Playhouse]]'' and  ''[[Rugrats]]'', video games, cartoons, and films, where he worked alongside director [[Wes Anderson]]. David Kendrick also worked at Mutato for a period during the early 1990s. Gerald Casale began a career as a director of music videos and commercials, working with bands including [[Rush (band)|Rush]], [[Soundgarden]], [[Silverchair]] and the [[Foo Fighters]]. In the wake of Devo's dissolution, Bob Mothersbaugh attempted to start a solo career with The Bob I Band, recording an album that was never released. The tapes for this are now lost, though a bootleg recording of the band in concert exists and can be obtained through the bootleg aggregator Booji Boy's Basement.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://boojiboysbasement.com/audiopages/S016.html |first=Alex |last=Brunelle |title=S016 – The Bob I Band: Live @ The China Club – Los Angeles, CA 1992 |website=Booji Boys Basement |access-date=April 19, 2017 |archive-date=April 20, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180420125445/http://boojiboysbasement.com/audiopages/S016.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In 1999, the ''[[Oh, No! It's Devo]]'' era outtakes "Faster and Faster" and "One Dumb Thing", as well as the ''[[Shout (Devo album)|Shout]]'' era outtake "Modern Life", were restored, completed and used in the video game ''[[Interstate '82]]'', developed by [[Activision]] and released. Also that year, Mothersbaugh started the Devo side-project The Wipeouters, after their band in junior high,<ref>{{cite web |title=Devo Members Resurrect Junior-High Basement Band |url=https://www.mtv.com/news/9cxuck/devo-members-resurrect-junior-high-basement-band |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220812015946/https://www.mtv.com/news/9cxuck/devo-members-resurrect-junior-high-basement-band |url-status=dead |archive-date=August 12, 2022 |website=MTV |access-date=12 August 2022 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=DEVO |url=https://juicemagazine.com/home/devo/ |access-date=12 August 2022 |work=Juice Magazine |date=1 September 2001}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Vaziri |first1=Aidin |title=POP QUIZ / Q & A with Devo's Mark Mothersbaugh |url=https://www.sfgate.com/music/popquiz/article/POP-QUIZ-Q-A-with-Devo-s-Mark-Mothersbaugh-2928777.php |access-date=12 August 2022 |work=[[SFGATE]] |date=22 April 2001}}</ref> featuring himself (keyboards, organ), Bob Mothersbaugh (guitar), Bob Casale (guitar), and [[Mutato Muzika]] composer [[Josh Mancell]] (drums). The Wipeouters performed the theme song to the [[Nickelodeon]] animated series ''[[Rocket Power]]'', and in 2001 they released an album of [[surf rock]] material, titled ''P'Twaaang!!!''.<ref name="Wipeouters ABC">{{cite web |last1=Gdula |first1=Steve |title=Devo Enters Time Warp With Wipeouters  |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/story?id=107199&page=1 |website=ABC News |access-date=January 21, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title=Devo Members Reunite As Surf Band |url=https://www.billboard.com/music/music-news/devo-members-reunite-as-surf-band-80428/ |access-date=12 August 2022 |magazine=Billboard |date=7 March 2001}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Jackson |first1=Blair |title=MARK MOTHERSBAUGH |url=https://www.mixonline.com/recording/mark-mothersbaugh-365255 |access-date=12 August 2022 |work=Mixonline |date=1 August 2001}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Devo Enters Time Warp With Wipeouters |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/story?id=107199 |website=ABC News |access-date=12 August 2022 |language=en |date=April 3, 2001}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kogon |first1=Bennett |title=Meet the Wipeouters: DEVO's surf-rock alter egos created for a children's show |url=https://dangerousminds.net/comments/meet_the_wipeouters |website=DangerousMinds |access-date=12 August 2022 |date=26 April 2017}}</ref>

In 2005, Devo recorded a new version of "[[Whip It (Devo song)|Whip It]]" to be used in [[Swiffer]] television commercials, a decision they have said they regretted. During an interview with the ''[[Dallas Observer]]'', Gerald Casale said, "It's just aesthetically offensive. It's got everything a commercial that turns people off has."<ref>{{cite news |last=Dearmore |first=Kelly |url=http://www.dallasobserver.com/2006-08-17/music/jihad-jerry/ |title=Jihad Jerry |newspaper=[[Dallas Observer]] |date=August 17, 2006 |access-date=August 19, 2011 |archive-date=August 11, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811054936/http://www.dallasobserver.com/2006-08-17/music/jihad-jerry/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> The song "[[Beautiful World (Devo song)|Beautiful World]]" was also used in a re-recorded form for an advertisement for [[Target Corporation|Target]] stores. Due to rights issues with their back catalog, Devo has re-recorded songs for films and advertisements.

In an April 2007 interview, Gerald Casale mentioned a tentative project for a [[biographical film]] about Devo's early days.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.getreadytorock.com/rock_stars/devo.htm |title=Interview: David Casale |website=Get Ready to Rock.com |access-date=August 13, 2015}}</ref> According to Casale, a script was supposedly in development, called ''The Beginning Was the End''. Devo played their first European tour since 1990 in the summer of 2007, including a performance at [[Festival Internacional de Benicàssim]].

On June 24, 2013, the group's former drummer Alan Myers died of [[stomach cancer]]<ref name="Myers"/><ref>{{cite magazine |title=Alan Myers Dies Of Stomach Cancer |first=Andy |last=Doerschuk |date=June 26, 2013 |url=http://www.drummagazine.com/news/post/alan-myers-dies-of-brain-cancer/ |magazine=Drum Magazine |access-date=July 19, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130723033701/http://www.drummagazine.com/news/post/alan-myers-dies-of-brain-cancer/ |archive-date=July 23, 2013 }}</ref> in Los Angeles, California. He was 58. News reports at the time of his death incorrectly cited [[Brain tumor|brain cancer]] as the cause.<ref name="Myers" /><ref>{{cite news |last=Roberts |first=Randall |title=Alan Myers, longtime Devo drummer, has died |newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]] |url=http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/music/posts/la-et-ms-long-time-devo-drummer-alan-myers-has-died-20130626,0,238028.story |date=June 26, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130627002716/http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/music/posts/la-et-ms-long-time-devo-drummer-alan-myers-has-died-20130626%2C0%2C238028.story |archive-date=June 27, 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Devo drummer Alan Myers dies of brain cancer |url=http://bigstory.ap.org/article/devo-drummer-alan-myers-dies-brain-cancer |website=Associated Press |date=June 26, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130630003417/http://bigstory.ap.org/article/devo-drummer-alan-myers-dies-brain-cancer |archive-date=June 30, 2013 }}</ref> One month later, Devo released their ''[[Something Else for Everybody]]'' album, which collected "Unreleased Demos and Focus Group Rejects" from 2006–2009.<ref>{{Cite web|title=DEVO Music |website=Clubdevo.com|url=http://www.clubdevo.com/devo-music/|access-date=October 27, 2021|language=en-US}}</ref> Gerald Casale had earlier teased the album in a 2012 interview with ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' magazine.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Flanary|first=Patrick|date=August 23, 2012|title=Devo Parts With Warner Bros., Bites Romney in New Song|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/480289/devo-parts-with-warner-bros-bites-romney-in-new-song|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=January 22, 2013}}</ref>

=== 2014: Hardcore Devo Tour, Bob Casale's death ===

On February 17, 2014, founding member Bob Casale died of heart failure at age 61.<ref>{{cite news| title=Devo's Bob Casale dead of heart failure, brother says |url= http://www.cnn.com/2014/02/18/showbiz/devo-bob-casale-dead |first=Alan |last=Duke |website=CNN |date=February 18, 2014 |access-date=February 18, 2014}}</ref> Shortly afterwards, the group, a quartet for the first time in 38 years, embarked on their [[Hardcore Devo Live!|Hardcore Devo Tour]], a ten-show tour across the US and Canada between June 18 and July 2, 2014.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|title=DEVO Live Guide - 2013 to 2014|url=http://huboon.com/2013_14.html|access-date=October 27, 2021|website=huboon.com}}</ref> The tour focused on material the group had written before the release of their first album, which was largely written when the group were a quartet. Partial proceeds for the ten shows went to support Bob Casale's family after his sudden death. The show featured the group performing material written during 1974–1977.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Deb|date=December 22, 2014|title=Hardcore DEVO Live Uncontrollable Urge|url=https://www.d3bris.de/hardcore-devo-live-uncontrollable-urge/|access-date=October 27, 2021|website=D3bris Online Magazine|language=en-GB|archive-date=October 27, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211027121209/https://www.d3bris.de/hardcore-devo-live-uncontrollable-urge/|url-status=dead}}</ref>  The June 28 Oakland show was filmed and later released as the concert film ''[[Hardcore Devo Live!]]'', released on Blu-ray, DVD, and Video on Demand on February 10, 2015, accompanied by CD and double-vinyl audio releases.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://exclaim.ca/Music/article/devo_detail_hardcore_devo_live_concert_release |title=Devo Detail 'Hardcore Devo Live!' Concert Release |first=Gregory |last=Adams |date=December 17, 2014 |website=Exclaim! Music |access-date=May 18, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.ohio.com/entertainment/pop-music/are-we-not-men-devo-s-gerald-casale-discusses-hardcore-live-1.574529 |title= Are we not men? Devo's Gerald Casale discusses 'Hardcore Live!' |newspaper=[[Akron Beacon Journal]] |first=Malcolm X. |last=Abram |date=March 13, 2015 |access-date=May 18, 2015}}</ref>

Immediately following from the Hardcore tour, Devo continued to tour a 'greatest hits' style show.<ref name="auto" /> Josh Hager joined the band at this time, playing guitar<ref>{{Cite web|title=8/27/14: Josh Hager On Guitar |website=Clubdevo.com|url=http://www.clubdevo.com/2014/08/29/82714-josh-hager-on-guitar/|access-date=October 27, 2021|language=en-US}}</ref> and keyboards.<ref>{{Cite web |title=8/27/14: Josh2 Whip It |url=http://www.clubdevo.com/2014/08/29/82714-josh2-whip-it/ |access-date=October 27, 2021 |website=Clubdevo.com |language=en-US}}</ref> On April 29, 2016, Devo performed at [[Will Ferrell]] and [[Chad Smith]]'s Red Hot Benefit.<ref>{{Cite web|title=DEVO Live Guide - 2016 to 2020|url=http://huboon.com/2016_18.html|access-date=October 27, 2021|website=huboon.com}}</ref>

On May 22, Robert Mothersbaugh Sr., father of Mark, Bob, and Jim Mothersbaugh, died. Robert had portrayed [[General Boy]] in various Devo films.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://exclaim.ca/music/article/rip_devo_figure_robert_general_boy_motherbaugh |title=R.I.P. Devo Figure Robert 'General Boy' Motherbaugh |website=Exclaim.ca |access-date=May 23, 2016}}</ref>

In 2017, the official [[Twitter]] account for the ''Are We Not Men?'' documentary film, which had been in production since 2009,<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Lambert|first=Alix|date=December 12, 2012|title=Director Tony Pemberton Talks Russia, Film and Devo|url=http://filmmakermagazine.com/53266-tony-pemberton-talks-russia-film-and-devo/#.Vc1b6fmrQ-5|magazine=[[Filmmaker (magazine)|Filmmaker]]|access-date=August 13, 2015}}</ref> stated that "the film was finished years ago" and that "mm [Mark Mothersbaugh] is blocking its release".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://twitter.com/DEVOfilm/status/911615086070046720|title=It is sad. For us too. The film was finished years ago, mm is blocking its release.|first=DEVO|last=Documentary|publisher=[[Twitter]]|date=September 23, 2017}}</ref> Jeff Winner, who was consulting producer for the Devo documentary, went on to state that he and director Tony Pemberton<ref>{{Citation |title=Are We Not Men? - IMDb |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2089617/ |access-date=2023-03-05 |language=en-US}}</ref>{{better source needed|date=March 2023|reason=IMDb falls under USERG.}} had "delivered the film that was contracted, and on schedule. It's now in the hands of the band to decide when/how it's released/distributed."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://twitter.com/DEVOfilm/status/911763761760960512|title=We delivered the film that was contracted, and on schedule. It's now in the hands of the band to decide when/how it's released/distributed.|first=DEVO|last=Documentary|publisher=[[Twitter]]|date=September 23, 2017}}</ref>

Devo headlined the [[Burger Records|Burger Boogaloo]] festival in Oakland, California, on June 30, 2018, with comedian and former [[Trenchmouth]] drummer [[Fred Armisen]] on drums.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.clubdevo.com/2018/07/07/fred-armisen-at-devo-rehearsal/|title=Fred Armisen at DEVO Rehearsal |website=Clubdevo.com}}</ref> On October 12, 2020, Devo performed at the Desert Daze festival, with Jeff Friedl on drums.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Blueskye|first=Brian|title=Desert Daze may be your last chance to see Devo. 'No plans' for farewell tour, bassist says|url=https://www.desertsun.com/story/life/entertainment/music/2019/08/22/desert-daze-might-be-your-last-time-see-devo-no-plans-farwell-tour-gerald-casale/2011388001/|access-date=October 27, 2021|website=The Desert Sun|language=en-US}}</ref>

In January 2021, [[Funko]] released two Devo Funko Pops inspired by the group's "Whip It" and "Satisfaction" music videos.<ref>{{Cite web|title=DEVO Funko Pop! Figures |website=Clubdevo.com|url=http://www.clubdevo.com/2021/01/26/devo-funko-pop-figures/|access-date=February 4, 2021|language=en-US}}</ref> One month later, the band starred in ''Devolution: A Devo Theory'', a television documentary based entirely on their theory of devolution,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Devolution: A Devo Theory|url=https://iview.abc.net.au/show/devolution-a-devo-theory|access-date=October 27, 2021|website=ABC iview|language=en}}</ref> which had been completed in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Devolution: A DEVO Theory|url=https://www.sidebfilms.com/devolution|access-date=October 27, 2021|website=Side B Films (Australia)|language=en-AU|archive-date=February 1, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210201235211/https://www.sidebfilms.com/devolution|url-status=dead}}</ref> In September, Devo performed a short three-date tour of the USA, including a show at [[Riot Fest]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=September 16, 2021|title=DEVO Events {|website=Clubdevo.com|url=http://www.clubdevo.com/devo-events/|access-date=October 27, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210916215123/http://www.clubdevo.com/devo-events/|archive-date=September 16, 2021}}</ref> These performances marked the return of Josh Freese on drums,<ref>{{Cite web|title=10_dont-shoot-2 |website=Clubdevo.com|url=http://www.clubdevo.com/rl_gallery/riot-fest-sept-19th-2021__trashed/10_dont-shoot-2/|access-date=October 27, 2021|language=en-US}}</ref> who had not played live with Devo in over five years.

Shortly afterwards, Gerald Casale announced the release of an official Devo potato-based vodka through the Trust Me Vodka brand. The packaging for the drink was themed around Devo imagery and featured original artwork. It was signed by the group's co-founders Gerald Casale and Mark Mothersbaugh, as well as Bob Mothersbaugh.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Pearis|first=Bill|title=DEVO launch limited edition Trust Me Vodka box set|url=https://www.brooklynvegan.com/devo-launch-limited-edition-trust-me-vodka-box-set/|access-date=December 2, 2021|website=BrooklynVegan|date=November 24, 2021 |language=en}}</ref>

On October 24, 2021, [[John Hinckley Jr.|John Hinckley Jr]] posted on Twitter that he had not received any royalties for Devo's song "I Desire" in 35 years. "I Desire" had been written by Mark Mothersbaugh and Gerald Casale for their 1982 album ''Oh, No! It's Devo'', inspired by a poem written by Hinckley that was published in a tabloid newspaper, following his attempt to assassinate then-current president [[Ronald Reagan]]. Hinckley had been adequately credited for his contributions through a co-writing credit on all releases. Casale claimed that Devo were not at fault, as it was the publishing company's duty to pay him, not the band's.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Slisco|first=Aila|date=October 26, 2021|title=DEVO responds to John Hinckley, would-be Reagan assassin, over song royalties|url=https://www.newsweek.com/devo-responds-john-hinckley-would-reagan-assassin-over-song-royalties-1642869|access-date=October 27, 2021|website=Newsweek|language=en}}</ref>

Devotional 2021, an annual convention for Devo fans, was held on November 5–6, with the annual 5KDEVO race taking place on the 7th.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mishak|first=Shawn|title=The DEVO-Obsessed Converge on Beachland Ballroom This Weekend for DEVOtional Events Featuring Band Members, Fred Armisen|url=https://www.clevescene.com/scene-and-heard/archives/2021/11/04/the-devo-obsessed-converge-on-beachland-ballroom-this-weekend-for-devotional-events-featuring-band-members-fred-armisen|access-date=November 21, 2021|website=Cleveland Scene|language=en|archive-date=November 21, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211121171136/https://www.clevescene.com/scene-and-heard/archives/2021/11/04/the-devo-obsessed-converge-on-beachland-ballroom-this-weekend-for-devotional-events-featuring-band-members-fred-armisen|url-status=dead}}</ref> On November 15, it was announced that Devo would perform a one-off show at [[the Rooftop at Pier 17]] on May 18, 2022, in order to make up for their cancelled [[Radio City Music Hall]] gig in September 2021.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Pearis|first=Bill|title=Devo reschedule NYC show, playing Rooftop at Pier 17 in 2022 (BV presale)|url=https://www.brooklynvegan.com/devo-reschedule-nyc-show-playing-rooftop-at-pier-17-in-2022-bv-presale/|access-date=November 21, 2021|website=BrooklynVegan|date=November 15, 2021 |language=en}}</ref> Tickets went on sale on the 18th.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Amanda Hatfield|title=Devo at The Rooftop at Pier 17 on BrooklynVegan Presale (password here)|url=https://www.brooklynvegan.com/devo-at-the-rooftop-at-pier-17-on-brooklynvegan-presale-password-here/|access-date=November 21, 2021|website=BrooklynVegan|date=November 18, 2021 |language=en}}</ref>

In December, it was announced that rare images of Devo would feature in a book of rock photography from 1977–1980 titled ''HARD + FAST'', to be released on February 1, 2022. The book will also include a 7-inch single of live recordings from the band, which were also released on [[SoundCloud]] prior to the book's release.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Major|first=Michael|title='HARD + FAST' Shares Unreleased Devo Tracks|url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/bwwmusic/article/HARD-FAST-Shares-Unreleased-Devo-Tracks-20211214|access-date=December 16, 2021|website=Broadway World|language=en}}</ref> The recordings were dated 1977, but the performances are identical to those found on an audience bootleg recorded on October 10, 1978.<ref>{{Citation|title=Devo (live concert) - October 10th, 1978, Starwood, West Hollywood, CA (audio only)| date=January 18, 2021 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xr1fku9lIak|language=en|access-date=December 16, 2021}}</ref>

Devo were nominated for induction into the [[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]] in 2018, 2021 and 2022.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Greene |first=Andy |title=Rock Hall of Fame: Def Leppard, Stevie Nicks, Radiohead, Rage Lead Nominees |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/rock-hall-of-fame-def-leppard-stevie-nicks-radiohead-rage-nominees-733818 |magazine=Rolling Stone |date=October 9, 2018 |access-date=December 21, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Greene |first=Andy |title=Rock Hall of Fame: Jay-Z, Foo Fighters, Iron Maiden, Tina Turner Lead Nominees |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/jay-z-foo-fighters-iron-maiden-tina-turner-rock-hall-of-fame-2021-nominees-1125967/ |magazine=Rolling Stone  |date=February 10, 2021 |access-date=December 21, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Greene |first=Andy |title=Rock Hall of Fame: Eminem, Dolly Parton, Lionel Richie, Duran Duran Lead Nominees  |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/rock-hall-of-fame-eminem-dolly-parton-lionel-richie-duran-duran-1293580 |magazine=Rolling Stone  |date=February 2, 2022 |access-date=February 7, 2022}}</ref>

On May 14 and 15, 2022, Devo performed at the [[Cruel World Festival]] at the [[Rose Bowl (stadium)|Rose Bowl's]] Brookside golf course in [[Pasadena, California]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://variety.com/2022/music/news/cruel-world-festival-with-morrissey-bauhaus-devo-concert-review-1235268512 |last=Lecaro |first=Lina |title=With Morrissey and Bauhaus Headlining, L.A.'s Cruel World Festival Conjured Dark Magic in the Daylight: Concert Review |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]  |date=May 16, 2022 |access-date=May 18, 2022}}</ref> followed three days later by their performance at The Rooftop at Pier 17.<ref name=":0" />

In a February 20, 2023, article by the ''[[Akron Beacon Journal]]'' promoting the film ''[[Cocaine Bear]]'', Mothersbaugh announced that the group would celebrate the year as their 50th anniversary, and that he had plans for Devo to remain active for 50 more years. He also stated that he, Gerald Casale and Bob Mothersbaugh were all interested in touring.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Akron native Mark Mothersbaugh lends '80s sensibilities to 'Cocaine Bear' soundtrack |url=https://www.beaconjournal.com/story/entertainment/music/2023/02/20/mark-mothersbaugh-on-composing-for-film-cocaine-bear-devo-in-2023/69911515007/ |access-date=2023-02-21 |website=Akron Beacon Journal |language=en-US}}</ref> This was followed by the announcement of a European tour, taking place between August 8th and 19th of 2023, with shows at London's [[Hammersmith Apollo|Eventim Apollo]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jones |first=Damian |date=2023-02-28 |title=Devo announce only UK show of farewell tour for 2023 |url=https://www.nme.com/news/music/devo-announce-only-uk-show-of-farewell-tour-for-2023-3405834 |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=NME |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Øyafestivalen]] in Norway, [[Way Out West (festival)|Way Out West]] festival in Sweden, [[Flow Festival]] in Finland, [[Green Man Festival]] in Wales,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jones |first=Damian |date=2023-03-02 |title=First Aid Kit, Devo and Spiritualized announced for Green Man 2023 |url=https://www.nme.com/news/music/first-aid-kit-devo-and-spiritualized-announced-for-green-man-2023-3407208 |access-date=2023-03-05 |website=NME |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Geiger |first=Amy |date=March 21, 2023 |title=Tour news: DEVO, Maryland Deathfest, Frankie Cosmos, Bryson Tiller, Big Joanie, more |url=https://www.brooklynvegan.com/tour-news-devo-maryland-deathfest-frankie-cosmos-bryson-tiller-big-joanie-more/ |access-date=2023-03-22 |website=BrooklynVegan |language=en}}</ref> and Luna Fest in Portugal.<ref>{{Cite web |title=DEVO Events |website=Clubdevo.com |url=http://www.clubdevo.com/devo-events/ |access-date=2023-02-28 |language=en-US}}</ref> This was followed in November and December by a string of shows in the USA and Australia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Search for setlists (page 2) {{!}} setlist.fm |url=https://www.setlist.fm/search?artist=53d68b21&page=2&year=2023 |access-date=2024-06-17 |website=Setlist.fm}}</ref>[[File:Sundance Film Festival 2024 - DEVO - Group photo-104A2926.jpg|thumb|[[Mark Mothersbaugh]] (centre left), [[Gerald Casale]] (centre right) and [[Bob Mothersbaugh]] (second to the right) at the premiere of the documentary about the band at the [[2024 Sundance Film Festival]]]]On January 21st, 2024, ''Devo,'' a [[Chris Smith (filmmaker)|Chris Smith]] directed documentary on the band premiered at [[2024 Sundance Film Festival|Sundance Film Festival]], <ref>{{Cite web |last=Patten |first=Dominic |date=2024-01-22 |title=Devo On Sundance Return, Chris Smith Directed Documentary & Next 50 Years |url=https://deadline.com/2024/01/devo-sundance-documentary-chris-smith-interview-1235799508/ |access-date=2024-01-25 |website=Deadline |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt27210519/releaseinfo/ |title=Devo (2024) - Release info - IMDb |language=en-US |access-date=2024-06-17 |website=IMDb.com}}</ref> with the group performing at the event.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tixr.com/groups/themarquispc/events/devo-at-the-marquis-pc-90749|title=DEVO at The Marquis PC tickets by The Marquis PC|website=Tixr.com|access-date=August 28, 2024}}</ref> The film was produced and financed by [[BMG Rights Management|BMG]], [[Fremantle (company)|Fremantle Documentaries]], and [[Warner Music Group|Warner Music Entertainment]], and according to a statement by the band "explores Devo's evolution from hippie artistes to art-rockers with a message, to their unexpected mainstream success as a hit rock band and the pioneers of the MTV age,"<ref>{{Cite web |last=Katkins |first=Jamie |date=2023-03-22 |title=Devo Documentary Film Announced |url=https://www.thisisdig.com/devo-documentary-film-announced/ |access-date=2023-03-26 |website=Dig! |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="HDD">{{Cite web |title=DEVO DOC REVEALED |url=https://hitsdailydouble.com/news&id=335205&title=DEVO-DOC-REVEALED |access-date=2023-03-22 |website=HITS Daily Double |language=en}}</ref> following the group's career arc up to its status as "elder statesmen".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-22 |title=Devo Documentary In The Works |url=https://www.stereogum.com/2217737/devo-documentary-in-the-works/news/ |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=Stereogum |language=en}}</ref> Smith was executive producer on ''[[Tiger King]]'',<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pearis |first=Bill|title=Official DEVO documentary in the works from Chris Smith ('American Movie,' 'Tiger King') |url=https://www.brooklynvegan.com/official-devo-documentary-in-the-works-from-chris-smith-american-movie-tiger-king/ |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=BrooklynVegan |date=March 22, 2023 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=LeFevre |first=Jules |date=2023-03-23 |title='Fyre' Director Chris Smith is Making a Devo Documentary |url=https://musicfeeds.com.au/news/devo-documentary/ |access-date=2023-04-18 |website=Music Feeds |language=en-US}}</ref> which had been scored by Mark Mothersbaugh, with Bob Mothersbaugh co-scoring its first season.<ref>{{Citation |title=Tiger King (TV Series 2020–2021) - IMDb |url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt11823076/fullcredits |access-date=2023-03-26}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tiger King (2020) Miniseries - Soundtrack.Net |url=https://www.soundtrack.net/tv/tiger-king/ |access-date=2023-03-27 |website=Soundtrack.net}}</ref>

Between May 4th and 26th, Devo underwent another short US tour, including a show at the [[Andy Warhol Museum]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=30th Anniversary Gala |url=https://www.warhol.org/events/30th-anniversary-gala/ |access-date=2024-06-17 |website=The Andy Warhol Museum |language=en-US}}</ref> and at this same time, Mothersbaugh released an art book titled ''Apotropaic Beatnik Graffiti.''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Scancarelli |first=Derek |title=Mark Mothersbaugh's All-Seeing Eye: Devo Singer On Vision Loss And Visual Art Book |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/derekscancarelli/2024/06/10/mark-mothersbaughs-all-seeing-eye-devo-singer-on-vision-loss-and-visual-art-book/ |access-date=2024-06-17 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> On the June 5th, 2024, a collaboration between [[David Byrne]] and Devo was released. The recording was an early version of Byrne's song "Empire," recorded during the sessions for his 1997 ''[[Feelings (David Byrne album)|Feelings]]'' album, seven years before the song appeared on his ''[[Grown Backwards]]'' album.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Skinner |first=Tom |date=2024-06-07 |title=Listen to David Byrne and Devo's unearthed collaboration 'Empire' |url=https://www.nme.com/news/music/david-byrne-and-devo-release-unearthed-collaborative-song-empire-listen-3763630 |access-date=2024-06-17 |website=NME |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Kreps |first=Daniel |date=2024-06-06 |title=Hear David Byrne and Devo's Long-Unheard Collaboration 'Empire' |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/david-byrne-devo-empire-noise-for-now-1235033830/ |access-date=2024-06-17 |magazine=Rolling Stone |language=en-US}}</ref>

On February 14, 2025, Devo appeared on ''Saturday Night Live'''s ''[[SNL50: The Homecoming Concert]]'' special, performing "[[Q. Are We Not Men? A: We Are Devo!|Uncontrollable Urge]]" with Fred Arminsen again serving as drummer. In late 2025 they will co-headline with [[the B-52s]] on the "Cosmic De-Evolution" tour in 2025, with [[Lene Lovich]] as the opening act.<ref>{{cite magazine | url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/b52s-devo-cosmic-de-evolution-tour-dates-1235365098/ | title=The B-52's, Devo to Embark on Co-Headlining Cosmic De-Evolution Tour | magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] }}</ref>

* Rod Reisman&nbsp;– drums (1973)<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Casale |first=Gerald |date= |title="50 Years of DEVOlution: Our First Show" |url=https://www.geraldvcasale.com/pages/the-first-devo-concert |access-date=2023-10-20 |website=DEVO's Gerald V. Casale Official Site + Store |language=en}}</ref>

* Fred Weber&nbsp;– vocals (1973)<ref name=":2" />

* [[Alan Myers (drummer)|Alan Myers]]&nbsp;– drums (1976–1986; died 2013)<ref name=Myers />

* [[David Kendrick]]&nbsp;– drums (1987–1991, 1996–2004){{efn|[[David Kendrick]] performed with Devo at several 2002–2004 shows (including their tour of Japan (commemorated on the "Devo – Live in the Land of the Rising Sun" DVD) as well as the 2004 Nike [[Run Hit Wonder]]) due to the unavailability of Josh Freese. In addition, Kendrick also continued to play drums on all Devo studio tracks in the late 1990s and early 2000s. This would include "It's All Good", "Are You Ready", and "Go Monkey Go".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://alt.fan.devo.narkive.com/yyfiFqlS/billboard-article-on-possible-new-album |title=Billboard article on possible new album |website=alt.fan.devo.narkive.com |date=2006 |access-date=January 17, 2018}}</ref>}}

* Brian Applegate&nbsp;– keyboards, bass guitar (2014 [[Hardcore Devo Live!|Hardcore Tour]])

* Alex Casale&nbsp;– bass guitar (2014 Hardcore Tour)

* Ed Marshall&nbsp;– bass guitar (2014 Hardcore Tour)

* [[Fred Armisen]]&nbsp;– drums (2018 Burger Boogaloo and [[Saturday Night Live]] 50th Anniversary Show, 2025)

Legend = orientation:vertical position:bottom columns:3

  bar:Bmothersbaugh from:06/01/1974 till:02/01/1991 color:bvocals width:3

  bar:Bmothersbaugh from:01/01/1996 till:end        color:bvocals width:3

  bar:Gcasale      from:10/01/1978 till:02/01/1991 color:keys width:7

  bar:Myers        from:01/01/1976 till:01/01/1982 color:drums

  bar:Myers        from:01/01/1982 till:01/01/1986 color:drums width:3

  bar:Kendrick      from:01/01/1987 till:02/01/1991 color:drums width:3

  bar:Kendrick      from:01/01/1987 till:02/01/1991 color:perc