Emperor Kinmei: Difference between revisions

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Because of several chronological discrepancies in the account of Emperor Kinmei in the ''[[Nihon Shoki]]'', some believe that he was actually ruling a rival court to that of Emperors [[Emperor Ankan|Ankan]] and [[Emperor Senka|Senka]]. Nevertheless, according to the traditional account, it was not until the death of Emperor Kinmei's older brother Emperor Senka that he gained the throne.

According to this account, Emperor Senka died in 539 at the age of 73;<ref>Varley, p. 121.</ref> and succession passed to the third son of [[Emperor Keitai]]. This Imperial Prince was the next youngest brother of Emperor Senka. He would come to be known as Emperor Kinmei. He established his court at {{Nihongo|[[Shikishima no Kanazashi Palace]]|磯城嶋金刺宮}} in [[Yamato Province|Yamato]].<ref name="brown262">Brown, [https://books.google.com/books?id=w4f5FrmIJKIC&pg=PA261 p. 262].</ref>

Before he came to the throne (at least according to the ''Nihon Shoki'') he was hesitant and refused to wield power stating:

{{Blockquote|I am young in years, and of shallow knowledge. I have not yet had experience of the affairs of government. The [[Princess Kasuga no Yamada|Empress Yamada]] has a clear acquaintance with all matters of administration, and I pray you to apply to her and then decide.}}

The Empress, Kasuga no Yamada, refused this believing Kinmei was compassionate and smart enough to rule.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Aston |first=W. G. (William George) |url=http://archive.org/details/nihongi2asto |title=Nihongi : chronicles of Japan from the earliest times to A.D. 697 |date=1896 |publisher=London : Published for the Society by Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübrer & Co., Limited |others=Smithsonian Libraries and Archives}}</ref> However, historians such as [[William George Aston]] have questioned this with Aston himself noting that:

{{Blockquote|A brother had died four years before, aged seventy, and another had just died, aged seventy-three. Kimmei is said to have died A.D. 571, at the age of sixty-three, or eighty-one, by another account. Evidently the chronology is not yet quite satisfactory.}}

According to this account, Emperor Senka died in 539 at the age of 73;<ref>Varley, p. 121.</ref> and succession passed to the third son of [[Emperor Keitai]]. This Imperial Prince was the next youngest brother of Emperor Senka. He would come to be known as Emperor Kinmei. He established his court at {{Nihongo|[[Shikishima no Kanazashi Palace]]|磯城嶋金刺宮}} in [[Yamato Province|Yamato]].<ref name="brown262">Brown, [https://books.google.com/books?id=w4f5FrmIJKIC&pg=PA261 p. 262].</ref>

The Emperor's chief counselors were:

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Although the imperial court was not moved to the [[Asuka, Nara|Asuka]] region of Japan until 592, Emperor Kinmei's rule is considered by some to be the beginning of the [[Asuka period]] of [[Yamato period|Yamato]] Japan, particularly by those who associate the Asuka period primarily with the introduction of [[Buddhism]] to Japan from [[Baekje]].

According to the ''Nihon Shoki'', Emperor Kinmei received a bronze statue of [[Gautama Buddha]] as a gift from ~~the king of [[Baekje]]~~ King [[Seong of Baekje|Song Myong]] (聖明王, ''Seimei Ō'') ~~along with~~ a significant envoy of artisans, monks, and other artifacts in 552. ~~(However~~, ~~according to~~ the [[Jōgū Shōtoku Hōō Teisetsu]], Buddhism ~~was~~ introduced in 538~~.) This episode is widely regarded as the official introduction of Buddhism to the country~~.

According to the ''Nihon Shoki'', Emperor Kinmei received a bronze statue of [[Gautama Buddha]] as a gift from King [[Seong of Baekje|Song Myong]] (聖明王, ''Seimei Ō'') of [[Baekje]], alongside a significant envoy of artisans, monks, and other artifacts in 552. Though some regard this event as the official introduction of Buddhism to Japan, texts such as the [[Jōgū Shōtoku Hōō Teisetsu]] indicate Buddhism may have been introduced as early as 538.

~~With~~ the ~~introduction of a new religion~~ to ~~the court,~~ a deep rift ~~developed~~ between the [[Mononobe clan]], whose members supported the worship of [[kami|Japan's traditional deities]], and the Soga clan, whose members supported the adoption of Buddhism.

The advent of Buddhism across the Japanese Archipelago contributed to a deep rift between the [[Mononobe clan]], whose members supported the worship of [[kami|Japan's traditional deities]], and the Soga clan, whose members supported the adoption of Buddhism.

According to the ''Nihon Shoki'', Emperor Kinmei ruled until his death in 571 ~~and~~ was buried in the {{Nihongo|Hinokuma no Sakai Burial Mound|桧隈坂合陵}}~~. An alternate stronger theory~~ holds that he ~~was actually~~ buried in the {{Nihongo|Misemaruyama Tumulus|見瀬丸山古墳}}, located in {{Nihongo|Kashihara City|橿原市}}.

According to the ''Nihon Shoki'', Emperor Kinmei ruled until his death in 571. Although the text states that Emperor Kinmei was buried in the {{Nihongo|Hinokuma no Sakai Burial Mound|桧隈坂合陵}}, the current scholarly consensus instead holds that he is more likely to have been buried in the {{Nihongo|Misemaruyama Tumulus|見瀬丸山古墳}}, located in {{Nihongo|Kashihara City|橿原市}}.

The Emperor is traditionally venerated at a [[memorial]] [[Shinto]] [[shrine]] (''misasagi'') at Nara. The [[Imperial Household Agency]] designates the Nara location as Kinmei's [[mausoleum]].<ref name="kunaicho"/> It is formally named ''Hinokuma no saki Ai no misasagi''.<ref>Ponsonby-Fane, p. 419.</ref> ~~However,~~ the actual ~~sites of the~~ [[grave (burial)|graves]] of the early Emperors are ~~unclear, according to~~ some historians and archaeologists.

The Emperor is traditionally venerated at a [[memorial]] [[Shinto]] [[shrine]] (''misasagi'') at Nara. The [[Imperial Household Agency]] designates the Nara location as Kinmei's [[mausoleum]],<ref name="kunaicho" /> and is formally named ''Hinokuma no saki Ai no misasagi''.<ref>Ponsonby-Fane, p. 419.</ref> Its status as the emperor's actual resting place, alongside other [[grave (burial)|graves]] of the early Emperors, are held in dispute by some historians and archaeologists.

==Genealogy==

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**{{Nihongo|Prince Maroko|椀子皇子}}, also {{Nihongo2|麻呂古王}}

**{{Nihongo|Princess Ohoyake|大宅皇女}}

**{{Nihongo|{{ill|Prince Iso no Kami Be|ja|石上部皇子~~|vertical-align=sup~~}}|石上部皇子}}

**{{Nihongo|{{ill|Prince Iso no Kami Be|ja|石上部皇子}}|石上部皇子}}

**{{Nihongo|Prince Yamashiro|山背皇子}}, also {{Nihongo2|山代王}}

**{{Nihongo|Princess Ohotomo|大伴皇女|extra=b. 560}}, married to her nephew, Prince Oshisako no Hikohito no Oe, [[Emperor Bidatsu]]'s son

@@ Line 39: / Line 39: @@
 Because of several chronological discrepancies in the account of Emperor Kinmei in the ''[[Nihon Shoki]]'', some believe that he was actually ruling a rival court to that of Emperors [[Emperor Ankan|Ankan]] and [[Emperor Senka|Senka]]. Nevertheless, according to the traditional account, it was not until the death of Emperor Kinmei's older brother Emperor Senka that he gained the throne.
-According to this account, Emperor Senka died in 539 at the age of 73;<ref>Varley, p. 121.</ref> and succession passed to the third son of [[Emperor Keitai]]. This Imperial Prince was the next youngest brother of Emperor Senka. He would come to be known as Emperor Kinmei. He established his court at {{Nihongo|[[Shikishima no Kanazashi Palace]]|磯城嶋金刺宮}} in [[Yamato Province|Yamato]].<ref name="brown262">Brown, [https://books.google.com/books?id=w4f5FrmIJKIC&pg=PA261    p. 262].</ref>
+Before he came to the throne (at least according to the ''Nihon Shoki'') he was hesitant and refused to wield power stating:
+{{Blockquote|I am young in years, and of shallow knowledge. I have not yet had experience of the affairs of government. The [[Princess Kasuga no Yamada|Empress Yamada]] has a clear acquaintance with all matters of administration, and I pray you to apply to her and then decide.}}
+The Empress, Kasuga no Yamada, refused this believing Kinmei was compassionate and smart enough to rule.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Aston |first=W. G. (William George) |url=http://archive.org/details/nihongi2asto |title=Nihongi : chronicles of Japan from the earliest times to A.D. 697 |date=1896 |publisher=London : Published for the Society by Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübrer & Co., Limited |others=Smithsonian Libraries and Archives}}</ref> However, historians such as [[William George Aston]] have questioned this with Aston himself noting that:
+{{Blockquote|A brother had died four years before, aged seventy, and another had just died, aged seventy-three. Kimmei is said to have died A.D. 571, at the age of sixty-three, or eighty-one, by another account. Evidently the chronology is not yet quite satisfactory.}}
+<ref name=":0" />
+According to this account, Emperor Senka died in 539 at the age of 73;<ref>Varley, p. 121.</ref> and succession passed to the third son of [[Emperor Keitai]]. This Imperial Prince was the next youngest brother of Emperor Senka. He would come to be known as Emperor Kinmei. He established his court at {{Nihongo|[[Shikishima no Kanazashi Palace]]|磯城嶋金刺宮}} in [[Yamato Province|Yamato]].<ref name="brown262">Brown, [https://books.google.com/books?id=w4f5FrmIJKIC&pg=PA261 p. 262].</ref>
 The Emperor's chief counselors were:
@@ Line 48: / Line 56: @@
 Although the imperial court was not moved to the [[Asuka, Nara|Asuka]] region of Japan until 592, Emperor Kinmei's rule is considered by some to be the beginning of the [[Asuka period]] of [[Yamato period|Yamato]] Japan, particularly by those who associate the Asuka period primarily with the introduction of [[Buddhism]] to Japan from [[Baekje]].
-According to the ''Nihon Shoki'', Emperor Kinmei received a bronze statue of [[Gautama Buddha]] as a gift from the king of [[Baekje]] King [[Seong of Baekje|Song Myong]] (聖明王, ''Seimei Ō'') along with a significant envoy of artisans, monks, and other artifacts in 552. (However, according to the [[Jōgū Shōtoku Hōō Teisetsu]], Buddhism was introduced in 538.) This episode is widely regarded as the official introduction of Buddhism to the country.
+According to the ''Nihon Shoki'', Emperor Kinmei received a bronze statue of [[Gautama Buddha]] as a gift from King [[Seong of Baekje|Song Myong]] (聖明王, ''Seimei Ō'') of [[Baekje]], alongside a significant envoy of artisans, monks, and other artifacts in 552. Though some regard this event as the official introduction of Buddhism to Japan, texts such as the [[Jōgū Shōtoku Hōō Teisetsu]] indicate Buddhism may have been introduced as early as 538.
-With the introduction of a new religion to the court, a deep rift developed between the [[Mononobe clan]], whose members supported the worship of [[kami|Japan's traditional deities]], and the Soga clan, whose members supported the adoption of Buddhism.
+The advent of Buddhism across the Japanese Archipelago contributed to a deep rift between the [[Mononobe clan]], whose members supported the worship of [[kami|Japan's traditional deities]], and the Soga clan, whose members supported the adoption of Buddhism.
-According to the ''Nihon Shoki'', Emperor Kinmei ruled until his death in 571 and was buried in the {{Nihongo|Hinokuma no Sakai Burial Mound|桧隈坂合陵}}. An alternate stronger theory holds that he was actually buried in the {{Nihongo|Misemaruyama Tumulus|見瀬丸山古墳}}, located in {{Nihongo|Kashihara City|橿原市}}.
+According to the ''Nihon Shoki'', Emperor Kinmei ruled until his death in 571. Although the text states that Emperor Kinmei was buried in the {{Nihongo|Hinokuma no Sakai Burial Mound|桧隈坂合陵}}, the current scholarly consensus instead holds that he is more likely to have been buried in the {{Nihongo|Misemaruyama Tumulus|見瀬丸山古墳}}, located in {{Nihongo|Kashihara City|橿原市}}.
-The Emperor is traditionally venerated at a [[memorial]] [[Shinto]] [[shrine]] (''misasagi'') at Nara. The [[Imperial Household Agency]] designates the Nara location as Kinmei's [[mausoleum]].<ref name="kunaicho"/> It is formally named ''Hinokuma no saki Ai no misasagi''.<ref>Ponsonby-Fane, p. 419.</ref> However, the actual sites of the [[grave (burial)|graves]] of the early Emperors are unclear, according to some historians and archaeologists.
+The Emperor is traditionally venerated at a [[memorial]] [[Shinto]] [[shrine]] (''misasagi'') at Nara. The [[Imperial Household Agency]] designates the Nara location as Kinmei's [[mausoleum]],<ref name="kunaicho" /> and is formally named ''Hinokuma no saki Ai no misasagi''.<ref>Ponsonby-Fane, p. 419.</ref> Its status as the emperor's actual resting place, alongside other [[grave (burial)|graves]] of the early Emperors, are held in dispute by some historians and archaeologists.
 ==Genealogy==
@@ Line 76: / Line 84: @@
 **{{Nihongo|Prince Maroko|椀子皇子}}, also {{Nihongo2|麻呂古王}}
 **{{Nihongo|Princess Ohoyake|大宅皇女}}
-**{{Nihongo|{{ill|Prince Iso no Kami Be|ja|石上部皇子|vertical-align=sup}}|石上部皇子}}
+**{{Nihongo|{{ill|Prince Iso no Kami Be|ja|石上部皇子}}|石上部皇子}}
 **{{Nihongo|Prince Yamashiro|山背皇子}}, also {{Nihongo2|山代王}}
 **{{Nihongo|Princess Ohotomo|大伴皇女|extra=b. 560}}, married to her nephew, Prince Oshisako no Hikohito no Oe, [[Emperor Bidatsu]]'s son

Emperor Kinmei: Difference between revisions

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