Emperor Suizei: Difference between revisions

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| name          = Emperor Suizei<br>{{nobold|{{lang|ja|綏靖天皇}}}}
| name          = Emperor Suizei<br>{{nobold|{{lang|ja|綏靖天皇}}}}
| succession    = [[Emperor of Japan]]
| succession    = [[Emperor of Japan]]
| image          = Suizei thumb 1.jpg
| image          = Emperor Suizei (cropped).jpg
| caption        = Picture of Suizei
| caption        = 1878 Picture of Suizei
| reign          = 581 BC – 549 BC (traditional)<ref>{{cite web|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110322210732/http://www.kunaicho.go.jp/e-about/genealogy/img/keizu-e.pdf|archivedate=March 22, 2011|url=http://www.kunaicho.go.jp/e-about/genealogy/img/keizu-e.pdf|title=Genealogy of the Emperors of Japan|work=Kunaicho.go.jp|access-date=May 7, 2019}}</ref>
| reign          = 581 BC – 549 BC (traditional)<ref>{{cite web|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110322210732/http://www.kunaicho.go.jp/e-about/genealogy/img/keizu-e.pdf|archivedate=March 22, 2011|url=http://www.kunaicho.go.jp/e-about/genealogy/img/keizu-e.pdf|title=Genealogy of the Emperors of Japan|work=Kunaicho.go.jp|access-date=May 7, 2019}}</ref>
| coronation    =
| coronation    =
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}}
}}


{{Nihongo|'''Emperor Suizei'''|綏靖天皇|Suizei-tennō{{efn|Sometimes romanized as Suisei<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&q=Suizei&pg=PA32|title=''Japan Encyclopedia''|author=[[Louis-Frédéric|Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric]]|publisher=Harvard University Press|year=2002|page=32|isbn=9780674017535|quote=successor to Suisei Tennō}}</ref>}}}}, also known as {{Nihongo||神沼河耳命|''Kamununakawamimi no Mikoto''}}, was the second [[legend|legendary]] [[emperor of Japan]] according to the traditional [[List of Emperors of Japan|order of succession]].<ref name="kunaicho">{{cite web|url=http://www.kunaicho.go.jp/ryobo/guide/002/index.html|title=綏靖天皇 (2)|work=[[Imperial Household Agency]] (Kunaichō)|language=ja|access-date=May 7, 2019}}</ref><ref name="Fane">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SLAeAAAAMAAJ&q=Suizei|title=''The Imperial House of Japan''|author=[[Richard Ponsonby-Fane|Ponsonby-Fane, Richard]]|publisher=Ponsonby Memorial Society|year=1959|page=29 & 418}}</ref> Very little is known about this Emperor due to a lack of material available for further verification and study. Suizei is known as a "legendary emperor" among historians as his actual existence is disputed. A legendary account from the ''[[Kojiki]]'' states that Suizei became emperor after receiving the title of [[crown prince]] by his half brother due to his bravery regarding a murder plot. Suizei's reign started in 581 BC, he had one wife and a sole son who supposedly became the [[Emperor Annei|next emperor]] upon his death in 549 BC.
{{Nihongo|'''Emperor Suizei'''|綏靖天皇|Suizei-tennō{{efn|Sometimes romanized as Suisei<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&q=Suizei&pg=PA32|title=''Japan Encyclopedia''|author=[[Louis-Frédéric|Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric]]|publisher=Harvard University Press|year=2002|page=32|isbn=9780674017535|quote=successor to Suisei Tennō}}</ref>}}}}, also known as {{Nihongo||神沼河耳命|''Kamununakawamimi no Mikoto''}}, was the second [[legend]]ary [[emperor of Japan]] according to the traditional [[List of Emperors of Japan|order of succession]].<ref name="kunaicho">{{cite web|url=http://www.kunaicho.go.jp/ryobo/guide/002/index.html|title=綏靖天皇 (2)|work=[[Imperial Household Agency]] (Kunaichō)|language=ja|access-date=May 7, 2019}}</ref><ref name="Fane">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SLAeAAAAMAAJ&q=Suizei|title=''The Imperial House of Japan''|author=[[Richard Ponsonby-Fane|Ponsonby-Fane, Richard]]|publisher=Ponsonby Memorial Society|year=1959|page=29 & 418}}</ref> Very little is known about this Emperor due to a lack of material available for further verification and study. Suizei is known as a "legendary emperor" among historians as his actual existence is disputed. A legendary account from the ''[[Kojiki]]'' states that Suizei became emperor after receiving the title of [[crown prince]] by his half brother due to his bravery regarding a murder plot. Suizei's reign started in 581 BC, he had one wife and a sole son who supposedly became the [[Emperor Annei|next emperor]] upon his death in 549 BC.


==Legendary narrative== <!--Legendary stories and accounts go in this section-->
==Legendary narrative== <!--Legendary stories and accounts go in this section-->
While the ''[[Kojiki]]'' provides little information about Suizei, it does state his name, genealogy, and a record about his accession to the throne. He was born sometime in 632 BC, and was one of the sons of [[Emperor Jimmu]] and his chief wife Himetataraisuzu-hime.<ref name="Henshall"/><ref name="Brown 250-251">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w4f5FrmIJKIC&q=Katsuragi|title=A Translation and Study of the Gukanshō, an Interpretative History of Japan Written in 1219|author=[[Delmer Brown|Brown, Delmer M.]] and Ichirō Ishida|publisher=University of California Press|year=1979|pages=250–251|isbn=9780520034600}}</ref> The account in the Kojiki states that Suizei's older brother Kamuyaimimi was originally the Crown-prince. When Jimmu died, another of his sons named [[Tagishimimi]] attempted to seize the throne by murdering those in his way. Tagishimimi was given birth to by a lesser wife named Ahiratsu-hime, and was older than Jimmu's legitimate heir. When Himetataraisuzu-hime learned of the plot she tried in vain to warn her sons by way of songs and poems.<ref name="Motoori2007">{{cite book|author=Norinaga Motoori|title=The Poetics of Motoori Norinaga: A Hermeneutical Journey|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Zk4EucRlvSwC&pg=PA191|year=2007|publisher=University of Hawaii Press|isbn=978-0-8248-3078-6|page=191}}</ref> While Suizei encouraged Kamuyaimimi to slay Tagishimimi, he could not find it in him to murder his own half brother. Suizei pleaded with his older brother for the weapon he was going to use, and upon receiving it accomplished the deed for him. Kamuyaimimi ceded his rights as crown prince shortly after to Suizei as he believed his braver younger brother should be the new Emperor.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://www.sacred-texts.com/shi/kj/kj059.htm|title=''The Kojiki''|author=[[Basil Chamberlain|Chamberlain, Basil]]|publisher=Read before the Asiatic Society of Japan on April 12, May 10, and June 21, 1882, reprinted in 1919|page=184}}</ref>
While the ''[[Kojiki]]'' provides little information about Suizei, it does state his name, genealogy, and a record about his accession to the throne. He was born sometime in 632 BC, and was one of the sons of [[Emperor Jimmu]] and his chief wife Himetataraisuzu-hime.<ref name="Henshall"/><ref name="Brown 250-251">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w4f5FrmIJKIC&q=Katsuragi|title=A Translation and Study of the Gukanshō, an Interpretative History of Japan Written in 1219|author=[[Delmer Brown|Brown, Delmer M.]] and Ichirō Ishida|publisher=University of California Press|year=1979|pages=250–251|isbn=9780520034600}}</ref> The account in the Kojiki states that Suizei's older brother Kamuyaimimi was originally the Crown-prince. When Jimmu died, another of his sons named [[Tagishimimi]] attempted to seize the throne by murdering those in his way. Tagishimimi was born to a lesser wife named Ahiratsu-hime, and was older than Jimmu's legitimate heir. When Himetataraisuzu-hime learned of the plot she tried in vain to warn her sons by way of songs and poems.<ref name="Motoori2007">{{cite book|author=Norinaga Motoori|title=The Poetics of Motoori Norinaga: A Hermeneutical Journey|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Zk4EucRlvSwC&pg=PA191|year=2007|publisher=University of Hawaii Press|isbn=978-0-8248-3078-6|page=191}}</ref> While Suizei encouraged Kamuyaimimi to slay Tagishimimi, he could not find it in him to murder his own half brother. Suizei pleaded with his older brother for the weapon he was going to use, and upon receiving it accomplished the deed for him. Kamuyaimimi ceded his rights as crown prince shortly after to Suizei as he believed his braver younger brother should be the new Emperor.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://www.sacred-texts.com/shi/kj/kj059.htm|title=''The Kojiki''|author=[[Basil Chamberlain|Chamberlain, Basil]]|publisher=Read before the Asiatic Society of Japan on April 12, May 10, and June 21, 1882, reprinted in 1919|page=184}}</ref>


Emperor Suizei's pre-ascension name remains unknown, but the ''Kojiki'' records that he ruled from the palace of {{Nihongo||葛城高岡宮|[[Takaoka-no-miya]]}}{{efn|In the ''[[Nihon Shoki]]'' as {{Nihongo2|葛城高丘宮}}}} at Katsuragi in what would come to be known as [[Yamato Province]].<ref name="Brown 250-251"/> While another more expansive account exists in the ''[[Nihon Shoki]]'', the section is more steeped in myth. Suizei is conventionally considered to have reigned from 581 to 549 BC.<ref name="Brown 250-251"/><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA3|title=Nihon Ōdai Ichiran|author=[[Isaac Titsingh|Titsingh, Isaac.]]|publisher=Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland|language=fr|year=1834|page=3}}</ref> He wed [[Isuzuyori-hime]] at an unknown date, and the two had one son. Emperor Suizei allegedly died in 549 BC and his gravesite is formally named ''Tsukida no oka no e no misasagi''.<ref name="Fane"/> He was succeeded by his only son, ''Prince Shikitsuhikotamatemi'' who became [[Emperor Annei]].
Emperor Suizei's pre-ascension name remains unknown, but the ''Kojiki'' records that he ruled from the palace of {{Nihongo||葛城高岡宮|[[Takaoka-no-miya]]}}{{efn|In the ''[[Nihon Shoki]]'' as {{Nihongo2|葛城高丘宮}}}} at Katsuragi in what would come to be known as [[Yamato Province]].<ref name="Brown 250-251"/> While another more expansive account exists in the ''[[Nihon Shoki]]'', the section is more steeped in myth. Suizei is conventionally considered to have reigned from 581 to 549 BC.<ref name="Brown 250-251"/><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA3|title=Nihon Ōdai Ichiran|author=[[Isaac Titsingh|Titsingh, Isaac.]]|publisher=Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland|language=fr|year=1834|page=3}}</ref> He wed [[Isuzuyori-hime]] at an unknown date, and the two had one son. Emperor Suizei allegedly died in 549 BC and his gravesite is formally named ''Tsukida no oka no e no misasagi''.<ref name="Fane"/> He was succeeded by his only son, ''Prince Shikitsuhikotamatemi'' who became [[Emperor Annei]].
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{{A genealogical tree based on the Kojiki}}
{{A genealogical tree based on the Kojiki}}
{{Generations of Jimmu}}


==See also==
==See also==
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[[Category:Legendary emperors of Japan]]
[[Category:Legendary emperors of Japan]]
[[Category:People of the Jōmon period]]
[[Category:People of the Jōmon period]]
[[Category:Fratricides]]
[[Category:Perpetrators of fratricide]]

Latest revision as of 03:57, 31 May 2026

Template:Infobox royalty

Emperor Suizei (綏靖天皇, Suizei-tennō[lower-alpha 1]), also known as Kamununakawamimi no Mikoto (神沼河耳命), was the second legendary emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession.[2][3] Very little is known about this Emperor due to a lack of material available for further verification and study. Suizei is known as a "legendary emperor" among historians as his actual existence is disputed. A legendary account from the Kojiki states that Suizei became emperor after receiving the title of crown prince by his half brother due to his bravery regarding a murder plot. Suizei's reign started in 581 BC, he had one wife and a sole son who supposedly became the next emperor upon his death in 549 BC.

Legendary narrative

While the Kojiki provides little information about Suizei, it does state his name, genealogy, and a record about his accession to the throne. He was born sometime in 632 BC, and was one of the sons of Emperor Jimmu and his chief wife Himetataraisuzu-hime.[4][5] The account in the Kojiki states that Suizei's older brother Kamuyaimimi was originally the Crown-prince. When Jimmu died, another of his sons named Tagishimimi attempted to seize the throne by murdering those in his way. Tagishimimi was born to a lesser wife named Ahiratsu-hime, and was older than Jimmu's legitimate heir. When Himetataraisuzu-hime learned of the plot she tried in vain to warn her sons by way of songs and poems.[6] While Suizei encouraged Kamuyaimimi to slay Tagishimimi, he could not find it in him to murder his own half brother. Suizei pleaded with his older brother for the weapon he was going to use, and upon receiving it accomplished the deed for him. Kamuyaimimi ceded his rights as crown prince shortly after to Suizei as he believed his braver younger brother should be the new Emperor.[7]

Emperor Suizei's pre-ascension name remains unknown, but the Kojiki records that he ruled from the palace of Takaoka-no-miya (葛城高岡宮)[lower-alpha 2] at Katsuragi in what would come to be known as Yamato Province.[5] While another more expansive account exists in the Nihon Shoki, the section is more steeped in myth. Suizei is conventionally considered to have reigned from 581 to 549 BC.[5][8] He wed Isuzuyori-hime at an unknown date, and the two had one son. Emperor Suizei allegedly died in 549 BC and his gravesite is formally named Tsukida no oka no e no misasagi.[3] He was succeeded by his only son, Prince Shikitsuhikotamatemi who became Emperor Annei.

Known information

File:Tomb of Emperor Suizei, haisho.JPG
Picture of haisho(配所) of the tomb(Misasagi) of Suizei in Kashihara, Nara.

The existence of at least the first nine Emperors is disputed due to insufficient material available for further verification and study.[9] Suizei is thus regarded by historians as a "legendary Emperor", and is ranked as the first of eight Emperors without specific legends associated with them.[10][lower-alpha 3] The name Suizei-tennō was assigned to him posthumously by later generations, and literally means "joyfully healthy peace".[12] His name might have been regularized centuries after the lifetime ascribed to Suizei, possibly during the time in which legends about the origins of the imperial dynasty were compiled as the chronicles known today as the Kojiki.[11] While the actual site of his grave is not known, an Imperial misasagi or tomb for Suizei is currently maintained in Kashihara.[2] The first emperor that historians state might have actually existed is Emperor Sujin, the 10th emperor of Japan.[13] Outside of the Kojiki, the reign of Emperor Kinmei[lower-alpha 4] (c. 509 – 571 AD) is the first for which contemporary historiography is able to assign verifiable dates.[16] The conventionally accepted names and dates of the early Emperors were not confirmed as "traditional" though, until the reign of Emperor Kanmu[lower-alpha 5] between 737 and 806 AD.[11]

Consorts and children

Template:A genealogical tree based on the Kojiki

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Sometimes romanized as Suisei[1]
  2. ↑ In the Nihon Shoki as 葛城高丘宮
  3. ↑ Also known as the "eight undocumented monarchs" (欠史八代, Kesshi-hachidai).[11]
  4. ↑ The 29th Emperor[14][15]
  5. ↑ Kanmu was the 50th sovereign of the imperial dynasty

References

File:Imperial Seal of Japan.svg
Japanese Imperial kamon — a stylized chrysanthemum blossom
  1. ↑ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 32. ISBN 9780674017535. successor to Suisei Tennō
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "綏靖天皇 (2)". Imperial Household Agency (Kunaichō) (in Japanese). Retrieved May 7, 2019.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Ponsonby-Fane, Richard (1959). The Imperial House of Japan. Ponsonby Memorial Society. p. 29 & 418.
  4. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Henshall
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida (1979). A Translation and Study of the Gukanshō, an Interpretative History of Japan Written in 1219. University of California Press. pp. 250–251. ISBN 9780520034600.
  6. ↑ Norinaga Motoori (2007). The Poetics of Motoori Norinaga: A Hermeneutical Journey. University of Hawaii Press. p. 191. ISBN 978-0-8248-3078-6.
  7. ↑ Chamberlain, Basil. The Kojiki. Read before the Asiatic Society of Japan on April 12, May 10, and June 21, 1882, reprinted in 1919. p. 184.
  8. ↑ Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Nihon Ōdai Ichiran (in French). Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. p. 3.
  9. ↑ Kelly, Charles F. "Kofun Culture". www.t-net.ne.jp. Retrieved May 7, 2019.
  10. ↑ Shillony, Ben-Ami (2008-10-15). The Emperors of Modern Japan. BRILL. p. 15. ISBN 978-90-474-4225-7.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Aston, William George. (1896). Nihongi: Chronicles of Japan from the Earliest Times to A.D. 697, Volume 2. The Japan Society London. pp. 109, 138–141. ISBN 9780524053478.
  12. ↑ Brinkley, Frank (1915). A History of the Japanese People from the Earliest Times to the end of the Meiji Era. Encyclopaedia Britannica Company. p. 21. Posthumous names for the earthly Mikados were invented in the reign of Emperor Kanmu (782–805), i.e., after the date of the compilation of the Records and the Chronicles.
  13. ↑ Yoshida, Reiji. (March 27, 2007). "Life in the Cloudy Imperial Fishbowl". Japan Times. Retrieved May 7, 2019.
  14. ↑ Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Nihon Ōdai Ichiran (in French). Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. pp. 34–36.
  15. ↑ Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida (1979). A Translation and Study of the Gukanshō, an Interpretative History of Japan Written in 1219. University of California Press. pp. 261–262. ISBN 9780520034600.
  16. ↑ Hoye, Timothy. (1999). Japanese Politics: Fixed and Floating Worlds. Prentice Hall. p. 78. ISBN 9780132712897. According to legend, the first Japanese Emperor was Jimmu. Along with the next 13 Emperors, Jimmu is not considered an actual, historical figure. Historically verifiable Emperors of Japan date from the early sixth century with Kimmei.

Further reading

Template:S-reg
Preceded by Legendary Emperor of Japan
581 BC – 549 BC
(traditional dates) 		Succeeded by

Template:Emperors of Japan

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