1424
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Template:Year nav Template:C15 year in topicYear 1424 (MCDXXIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar.
Events
January–March
- January 23 – William Cheyne becomes the Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales, replacing the late William Hankford.[1]
- February 1 – While negotiating his release from captivity, King James of Scotland is allowed to be married to Joan Beaufort in London, with a ceremony taking place at Southwark Cathedral.[2]
- February 12 – The coronation of Sophia of Halshany, wife of Władysław II Jagiełło, as Queen consort of Poland takes place at the Kraków Cathedral.[3]
- February 14 – Wars in Lombardy: The army of the Florentine Republic, led by Captain Pandolfo III Malatesta, storms the city of Romagna.
- March 28 – King James I of Scotland is released after having been held captive in England for 18 years. James is freed after putting his royal seal on a ransom treaty of £40,000, secured by Scottish hostages taking his place, as agreed at Durham, England.[4]
April–June
- April 1 – China's Emperor Zhu Di, angry over the refusal of the Mongolian vassal Arughtai to pay tribute, departs from Beijing with an army of almost one million troops on a campaign in Inner Mongolia.[5]
- April 5 – King James returns to Scotland for the first time since 1406, after being escorted to the border along with his wife Joan Beaufort, Queen consort, by English and Scottish nobles.[4]
- May 21 – The coronation of James I as King of Scotland takes place at Scone Abbey in the Scottish town of Scone. After the ceremony King James performs his first knighthood ceremony, honoring 18 prominent nobles.
- June 2 – Battle of L'Aquila: Jacopo Caldora and Micheletto Attendolo, for the Kingdom of Naples, defeat Braccio da Montone, for Alfonso V of Aragon.
- June 22 – Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt under the leadership of Egyptian general Ibn bint al-Aqsarayi launch a series of military expeditions marking the start of the Mamluk campaigns against Cyprus (1424–1426).
July –September
- July 28 – The army of the Duchy of Milan, led by the Duke Filippo Maria Visconti, defeats the Republic of Florence's army, led by Carlo I Malatesta, in the Battle of Zagonara.[6]
- August 12 – China's Yongle era Emperor, Zhu Di, dies at the age of 64 while leading an expedition of almost one million soldiers in an attempt to capture the Mongol leader Arughtai. The Emperor suffers a fatal stroke at at Yumuchuan in what is now Inner Mongolia, while Arughtai has escaped.[5][7]
- August 17 – Battle of Verneuil: An English force under John, Duke of Bedford, defeats a larger French army under the Duke of Alençon, John Stewart, and Archibald, Earl of Douglas. Alençon is captured and Douglas killed.[8]
- September 7 – Prince Zhu Gaochi of China becomes the Hongxi Emperor (Emperor Renzong) of the Ming dynasty, beginning the Hongxi era, after the August 12 death of his father, the Emperor Zhu Di.[9]
- September 13 – After the signing of a treaty between the different factions in the Hussite Wars, the Bohemian campaign is completed in the modern-day Czech Republic.
- September 23 – The Hussites, led by Jan Žižka, begin marching towards North Moravia to suppress the ongoing rebellion there.
October –December
- October 11 – Prokop the Great takes command of the Hussites after the death of Jan Žižka from the plague.[10]
- November 1 – Zhu Zhanji is designated as the Crown Prince of Ming dynasty China by his father, the Hongxi Emperor. The Emperor dies eight months later and Zhu Zhanji becomes the Xuande Emperor on June 27, 1425.[11]
- November – The Bourges astronomical clock, designed by Jean Fusoris, is installed in Bourges Cathedral as a gift to the town from Charles VII of France.[12]
- December 10 – Radu II Chelul becomes the Prince of Wallachia (now in Romania) for the third time, taking over from Dan II after an Ottoman invasion.
Date unknown
- Dalmatia: Aliota Capenna, lord of Lesina (modern-day Hvar), offers his realm to the Republic of Venice (also said to have occurred in 1409 and 1421).[13]
Births
- January 1 – Louis IV, Elector Palatine (1436–1449) (d. 1449)
- June 9 – Blanche II of Navarre (d. 1464)
- August – Demetrios Chalkokondyles, Greek scholar (d. 1511)
- October 31 – King Władysław III of Poland (d. 1444)
- December 8 – Anselm Adornes, Merchant, politician and diplomat (d. 1483)
- December 25 – Margaret Stewart, Dauphine of France (d. 1445)
- August 10 or 1426 – Boniface III, Marquess of Montferrat (d. 1494)
- date unknown – Abu Sa'id Mirza, ruler of Persia and Afghanistan (d. 1469)
- date unknown – Mary of Looz-Heinsberg, Dutch noble woman (d. 1502)[14][15][16][17]
Deaths
- January 4 – Muzio Sforza, Italian condottiero
- January 8 – Stephen Zaccaria, Latin Archbishop of Patras
- April 14 – Lucia Visconti, English countess (b. 1372)[18]
- May 10 – Emperor Go-Kameyama of Japan[19]
- June 5 – Braccio da Montone, Italian condottiero
- June 10 – Duke Ernest of Austria (b. 1377)
- June 16 – Johannes Ambundii, Archbishop of Riga
- August 12 – Emperor Cheng Zu of China (b. 1360)
- August 17 – John Stewart, Earl of Buchan (b. c. 1381)
- September 17 – Catherine, Princess of Asturias, Castilian royal (b. 1422)
- October 11 – Jan Žižka, Czech general and Hussite leader
- date unknown – Joan II, Countess of Auvergne (b. 1378)
- probable – Johannes Abezier, provost and bishop of the Teutonic Knights (b. 1380)
References
- ↑ Powell, Edward (2004). "Cheyne, Sir William (d. 1443)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/5264.
- ↑ Weir, Alison (2008). Mistress of the Monarchy: The Life of Katherine Swynford, Duchess of Lancaster. London: Random House. p. 232. ISBN 978-0-345-45323-5.
- ↑ Duczmal, Małgorzata (2012). Jogailaičiai (PDF). Vilnius: Mokslo ir enciklopedijų leidybos centras. p. 425. ISBN 978-5-420-01703-6.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Template:Cite ODNB
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 "The Chien-wen, Yung-lo, Hung-hsi, and Hsüan-te reigns". by Chan Hok-lam (1988), in The Cambridge History of China Volume 7: The Ming Dynasty, 1368–1644, Part 1, by ed. by Frederick W. Mote and Denis C. Twitchett,(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988) pp. 184–304. ISBN 0521243327
- ↑ Peter Paret (1986). Makers of modern strategy: from Machiavelli to the nuclear age. Oxford University Press. p. 21.
- ↑ Menzies, Gavin (2003). 1421: The Year China Discovered America. William Morrow and Co. p. 52. ISBN 978-0061564895.
- ↑ Richard Wadge. "The Battle of Verneuil: a second Agincourt". The History Press. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
- ↑ Dreyer, Edward L. (1982). Early Ming China: A Political History. Palo Alto CA: Stanford University Press. p. 222. ISBN 0-8047-1105-4.
- ↑ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). Prokop. Encyclopædia Britannica. 22 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
- ↑ Dreyer, Edward L (2007). Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405-1433 (Library of World Biography Series ed.). New York: Pearson Longman. ISBN 978-0321084439.
- ↑ Chevalier, Michel (1997). La France des cathédrales : du IVe au XXe (in French). Éditions Ouest-France. p. 327.
- ↑ Stephanopoli, Dimo (1799). Voyage de Dimo et Nicolo Stephanopoli en Grèce,: pendant les années V et VI. Paris: Guilleminet.
- ↑ Schutte, O. (1979). "Genealogische gegevens". In Tamse, C.A. (ed.). Nassau en Oranje in de Nederlandse geschiedenis (in Dutch). Alphen aan den Rijn: A.W. Sijthoff. p. 41. ISBN 90-218-2447-7.
- ↑ Dek, A.W.E. (1970). Genealogie van het Vorstenhuis Nassau (in Dutch). Zaltbommel: Europese Bibliotheek. p. 69.
- ↑ Blok, P.J. (1911). "Johan (Johann) IV, graaf van Nassau-Dillenburg". In Molhuysen, P.C. & Blok, P.J. (eds.). Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (in Dutch). Eerste deel. Leiden: A.W. Sijthoff. p. 1219.
- ↑ Vorsterman van Oyen, A.A. (1882). Het vorstenhuis Oranje-Nassau. Van de vroegste tijden tot heden (in Dutch). Leiden & Utrecht: A.W. Sijthoff & J.L. Beijers. p. 93.
- ↑ Catholic Church. Province of Canterbury (England). Archbishop (1414-1443 : Chichele) (1938). The Register of Henry Chichele, Archbishop of Canterbury, 1414-1443. Clarendon Press. p. lx.
- ↑ Japan Society of London (1925). Transactions and Proceedings of the Japan Society, London. Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Company. p. 112.