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{{Short description|Puzzle based on chess}} ...chess]] is used to logically solve a chess-related problem. The history of chess puzzles reaches back to the [[Middle Ages]] and has since evolved. ...

Mathematical concepts named after mathematician Eugène Catalan: ...an number]]s, a sequence of natural numbers that occur in various counting problems ...

...hematics. Recreational mathematics involves [[mathematical puzzle]]s and [[Mathematical games|games]], often appealing to children and untrained adults and inspiri ...merica]] (MAA) includes recreational mathematics as one of its seventeen [[Mathematical Association of America#Special Interest Groups|Special Interest Groups]], c ...

{{Short description|American chess player, composer, puzzle author and mathematician (1841-1911)}} | known_for = {{hlist|Chess|puzzles|mathematical games}} ...

{{short description|Any board used in the game chess}} ...Staunton No. 6.jpg|thumb|upright=1.35|A wooden chessboard with [[Staunton chess set|Staunton pieces]]]] ...

{{Short description|Chess piece}} |image1=Chess piece - White knight.JPG ...

...oblems. In such cases, their solution may be a significant contribution to mathematical research.<ref>Kendall G.; Parkes A.; and Spoerer K. (2008) ''A Survey of NP *[[Mathematical puzzle]]s include the [[missing square puzzle]] and many impossible puzzles ...

...rtional to the number of candidate solutions{{snd}}which in many practical problems tends to grow very quickly as the size of the problem increases ([[#Combina ...nsequences or when [[automated theorem proving|using a computer to prove a mathematical theorem]]. Brute-force search is also useful as a baseline method when [[be ...

...doi=10.2307/3619717 |title=The Portrait of Fra Luca Pacioli |journal=[[The Mathematical Gazette]] |volume=77 |issue=479 |pages=132, 160 |year=1993 |last1=MacKinnon ...oni (1996) along with a partial translation of the chapter on partitioning problems.<ref>Heeffer, 2010</ref> ...

...be thought of as the hardest problems in [[PSPACE]], the class of decision problems solvable in polynomial space, because a solution to any one such problem co ...as]], step-by-step changes between solutions of combinatorial optimization problems, and many puzzles and games. ...

{{Short description|Mathematical problem set on a chessboard}} ...ht's tour |page=204 |isbn=0-19-280049-3|title-link=The Oxford Companion to Chess }}</ref> ...

{{Short description|Mathematical problem set on a chessboard}} {{Chess diagram ...

|publisher=School of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, [[University of St Andrews]] ...udy of modern abstract algebra. At this time he composed a number of chess problems which were published many years later; he also learned magic. ...

...=https://archive.org/details/B-001-004-123/ |title=Hexaflexagons and other mathematical diversions |first=Martin |last=Gardner |author-link=Martin Gardner |publish ...troduced to the general public by [[Martin Gardner]] in his October 1965 [[Mathematical Games column]] in [[Scientific American]]. Golomb coined the term "pentomin ...

{{Short description|Dutch chess grandmaster (1901–1981)}} {{Infobox chess player ...

{{short description|Mathematical problem}} ...ng the square in his [[List of Martin Gardner Mathematical Games columns|''Mathematical Games'' column]] of November 1958.{{r|gardner-tutte}} ...

*Problems in [[combinatorial optimization]], such as: * Problems in [[constraint satisfaction]], such as: ...

...son, measured by joint authorship of [[List of publications in mathematics|mathematical papers]]. The same principle has been applied in other fields. ...colleagues—more than 500—working on solutions to outstanding mathematical problems.<ref name="newman2001">{{cite journal|last=Newman|first=Mark E. J.|author-l ...

...alized as [[Chebyshev distance]], is the minimum number of moves a [[king (chess)|king]] must make on a [[chessboard]] in order to travel between two square ...in Bacon]], respectively—are distances in the graphs whose edges represent mathematical or artistic collaborations. ...

...rules, the game has deep strategy and sharp tactics. It also has profound mathematical underpinnings related to the [[Brouwer fixed-point theorem]], [[matroids]] .../ref> According to [[Martin Gardner]], who featured Hex in his July 1957 [[Mathematical Games column]], Nash's fellow players called the game either Nash or John, ...