1065

Year 1065 (MLXV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar.

Events

By place

Europe

• December 24 – King Ferdinand I of León ("the Great") dies in León, Spain, after an 11-year reign as Emperor of All Spain. His kingdom is divided among his three sons: the eldest Sancho II, the second Alfonso VI and the youngest García II. The kingdoms of Galicia and Portugal become independent under the rule of García.

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Political situation in the Northern Iberian Peninsula around 1065:

  Garcia II's domains (Galicia)

  Badajoz, owing tribute to Garcia

  Seville, owing tribute to Garcia

  Alfonso VI's domains (León)

  Toledo, owing tribute to Alfonso

  Sancho II's domains (Castile)

  Zaragoza, owing tribute to Sancho

England

• October 3 – Northumbria revolts against Tostig Godwinson, who is exiled. He takes refuge with his brother-in-law, Count Baldwin V in Flanders (modern Belgium). The Northumbrian nobles choose Morcar (or Morkere) as earl at York.
• December 28 – Westminster Abbey is consecrated by King Edward the Confessor.

Seljuk Empire

• Alp Arslan, leader of the Seljuk Turks, campaigns against the Kipchaks and the Türkmen in Central Asia. He captures the city of Kars and plunders the western provinces of Georgia.

China

• Sima Guang, chancellor of the Song dynasty, heads a team of scholars in initiating the compilation of an enormous written universal history of China, known as the Zizhi Tongjian.

By topic

Religion

• Great German Pilgrimage of 1064–65: A large pilgrimage led by Siegfried I (archbishop of Mainz) arrives in Jerusalem after having been attacked by Bedouin bandits. Two weeks later (in April) they return to Ramla and take ships back to Latakia.
• Gregory II the Martyrophile is consecrated as catholicos of the Armenian church in Tzamandos

Astronomy

• A "guest star" (i.e. a nova of some kind) is observed from China. It may be related to the Strottner-Drechsler Object 20 nebula.

Births

• Agnes of Rheinfelden, duchess of Swabia (d. 1111)
• Callixtus II, pope of the Catholic Church (d. 1124)
• Guarinus of Sitten, bishop of Sion (approximate date)
• Henry I (the Long), German nobleman (d. 1087)
• Hugh VII of Lusignan, count of La Marche (d. 1151)
• Humbert II (the Fat), count of Savoy (d. 1103)
• Li Jie, Chinese writer of the Song Dynasty (d. 1110)
• Niels (or Nicholas), king of Denmark (d. 1134)
• Richard de Montfort, French nobleman (d. 1092)
• Robert II, count of Flanders (approximate date)
• Sibylla of Burgundy, duchess of Burgundy (approximate date)
• Stephen I, count palatine of Burgundy (d. 1102)
• Vladislaus I, duke of Bohemia (approximate date)
• Walter Tirel (or William Rufus), English nobleman

Deaths

• February 7 – Siegfried I, count of Sponheim
• May 17 – Egilbert (or Engelbert), bishop of Passau
• May 18 – Frederick, duke of Lower Lorraine
• June 27 – George the Hagiorite, Georgian calligrapher (b. 1009)
• July 22 – Ibn Abi Hasina, Arab poet and panegyrist (b. 998)
• July 23 – Gunther of Bamberg, German nobleman
• December 24 – Ferdinand I (the Great), king of León and Castile
• Diarmaid mac Tadgh Ua Ceallaigh, king of Uí Maine
• Ermengol III (or Armengol), count of Urgell (b. 1032)
• Gisela (or Gizella), queen consort of Hungary (b. 985)
• Gomes Echigues, Portuguese knight and governor (b. 1010)
• Gusiluo, Tibetan religious leader of Buddhism (b. 997)
• Llywelyn Aurdorchog, Welsh nobleman (approximate date)
• Thorfinn (the Mighty), Norse nobleman (approximate date)