1337
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Year 1337 (MCCCXXXVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar.
Events
January–December
- March 16 – Edward the Black Prince establishes the Duchy of Cornwall, becoming the first English Duke.[1]
- May 24 – Philip VI of France confiscates Gascony from English control.[2]
- August – Second War of Scottish Independence: English forces relieve Stirling Castle, ending Edward III of England's last campaign in Scotland.[2]
- October – Hundred Years' War: Edward III of England formally rejects Philip VI's claim to the French throne, initiating hostilities between France and England.[2][3]
- November – Battle of Cadzand: English troops raid the Flemish island of Cadzand.
Date unknown
- Bisham Priory is founded in England.
- The Scaligeri Family loses control of Padua; Alberto della Scala, patron of the music of the Trecento, moves to Verona.
- Petrarch, "father" of Renaissance humanism, first visits Rome to wander its mysterious ruins, with an eye for aesthetics as well as for history, exciting a renewed interest in Classical civilisation.
- The Sofia Psalter is produced in Bulgaria.
- The Despotate of Epirus is conquered by the Byzantine Empire.
- The famine in China, which had lasted since 1332 and killed 6,000,000, comes to an end.
- Siege of Nicomedia: After its foundation by Osman I in about 1299, the Ottoman Empire expanded across Bithynia in north-west Anatolia by capturing territory from the Byzantine Empire.
Births
- February 25 – Wenceslaus I, Duke of Luxembourg, Czech Duke of Luxembourg (d. 1383)
- date unknown
- Louis II, Duke of Bourbon (d. 1410)
- Jean Froissart, historian and courtier from Hainaut (d. 1405)
- Bianca of Savoy, lady consort of Milan (d. 1387)
- Chŏng Mong-ju, Goryeo diplomat and poet (d. 1392)
- Robert III of Scotland, second monarch from the House of Stewart to rule Scotland (d. 1406)
Deaths
- January 8 – Giotto di Bondone, Italian painter (b. 1267)
- June 7 – William I, Count of Hainaut (b. 1286)
- June 15 – Angelo da Clareno, Italian Franciscan and leader of a group of Fraticelli (b. 1247)
- June 25 – Frederick III of Sicily (b. 1272)
- June 30 – Eleanor de Clare, politically active English noble (b. 1290)
- date unknown
- Changshi, khan of the Chagatai Khanate
- William Frangipani, Latin Archbishop of Patras
- Musa I of Mali, ruler of the Malian Empire (b. c.1280)
- Prince Narinaga, Japanese Shōgun (b. 1326, d. either 1337 or 1344, the sources are contradictory)
References
- ↑ Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 100–102. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- ↑ Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 159–161. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.