1384
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Template:C14 year in topicYear 1384 (MCCCLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar.
Events
January–March
- January 2 – (10th waxing of Tabodwe, 745 ME) King Binnya U of Burma's Hanthawaddy kingdom is killed in a rebellion at the capital, Bago. His 16-year-old son, Pasoom-Paing-Cek, is installed by the rebels as King Razadarit.[1]
- January 26 – England and France agree to a truce and ceasfire in the ongoing Revolt of Ghent. The Kingdom of Scotland goes to war to retake Scottish territory occupied by the English Army.[2]
- January 30 – Margaret III becomes the Countess of Flanders upon the death of her 53-year-old father, Count Louis II.[3] Margaret and her husband Philip the Bold, Duke of Burgundy, become co-rulers of both Flanders and Burgundy.
- February 4 – Scottish forces make an attack against English occupation forces in Scotland and recapture Lochmaben Castle and Teviotdale.[4]
- February 7 – Nicholas Brembre, Lord Mayor of London after defeating John Northampton's bid for re-election, arranges to have Northampton arrested on charges of sedition.
- February 11 – In protest of former mayor Northampton's arrest in London, local businessman and shoe manufacturer John Constantine incites other business owners to close their shops and to disrupt commerce. Constantine is then arrested and beheaded at Cheapside for leading an insurrection, and his severed head is placed on the Newgate entrance to the London Wall.[5]
- March 3 – King Richard II of England summons the members of the House of Commons and the House of Lords to assemble at Salisbury on April 29.
April–June
- April 29 – The Parliament of England opens a four-week session at Salisbury at the palace of the Bishop of Salisbury. Sir James Pickering is elected as Speaker of the House of Commons for the third consecutive time of his career.
- May 27 – The English Parliament adjourns and King Richard II gives royal assent to laws passed during the session.
- May 29 – The army of the Crown of Castile army begins the siege of Lisbon, capital of the Kingdom of Portugal.[6][7]
- June 15 – Antoniotto I Adorno is elected as Doge of the Republic of Genoa following the death of the Doge Leonardo Montaldo from bubonic plague the day before.[8] Adorno serves as the Republic's chief executive until 1390.
July–September
- July 19 – Portugal's Navy, with 34 ships, breaks the Castilian blockade of bhe besieged city of Lisbon, defeating a force of 53 Castilian ships in the Battle of Tejo.[9]
- July 26 – The Treaty of Heidelberg ends a fight between the Süddeutscher Städtebund (South German League of Cities, with 28 member cities) and the allies of Wenceslaus IV, King of Germany.[10]
- August 5 – An earthquake strikes the island of Lesbos in Greece, killing numerous people including the Genoan Lord of Lesbos, Francesco I Gattilusio, along with his two eldest sons, Andronico and Domenico. His son Jacopo Gattiliuso survives and rules the island under the name Francesco II.[11]
- September 3 – The siege of Lisbon by the Castilian Army ends as the Portuguese defenders protect the capital of the kingdom of Portugal.
- September 28 – King Richard II summons the English Parliament to meet on November 12.
October–December
- October 16 – At the age of 10, Jadwiga is crowned "King" of Poland in KrakówHalecki 1991, p. 109 following the 1382 death of her father, King Louis of Hungary.[12][13]
- November 12 – The 12th parliament of King Richard II assembles and elects James Pickering as Speaker of the House for the fourth consecutive time.
- December 14 – The second assembly in 1384 of the English Parliament is adjourned.
- December 25 – Use of the Spanish era dating system in the Crown of Castile is suppressed.
Unknown Date
- The Hongwu Emperor of China reinstates the Imperial examination system for drafting scholar-officials to the civil service, after suspending the system since 1373, in favor of a recommendation system to office.
- The Nasrid princes of Al-Andalus replace Abu al-Abbas with Abu Faris Musa ibn Faris, as ruler of the Marinid dynasty in modern-day Morocco.
- Zain Al-Abidin succeeds his father, Shah Shuja, as ruler of the Muzaffarids in central Persia.
- Shortly before his death, John Wycliffe sends out tracts against Pope Urban VI, who has not turned out to be the reformist Wycliffe had hoped.
- Qara Muhammad succeeds Bairam Khawaja, as ruler of the Kara Koyunlu ("Black Sheep Turkomans"), in modern-day Armenia and northern Iraq.
- Timur conquers the northern territories of the Jalayirid Empire, in western Persia.
- Katharine Lady Berkeley's School is founded in Gloucestershire, England.[14]
Births
- August – Antoine, Duke of Brabant (d. 1415)
- August 11 – Yolande of Aragon (d. 1442)
- date unknown
- St Frances of Rome (d. 1440)
- Khalil Sultan, ruler of Transoxiana (d. 1411)
- Sigismondo Polcastro, Italian physician and natural philosopher (d. 1473)
Deaths
- January 30 – Louis II, Count of Flanders (b. 1330)
- May – William Douglas, 1st Earl of Douglas, Scottish magnate (b.c. 1327)
- June 8 – Kan'ami, Japanese actor and playwright (b. 1333)
- August 6 – Francesco I of Lesbos
- August 20 – Geert Groote, Dutch founder of the Brethren of the Common Life (b. 1340)
- September 10 – Joanna of Dreux, Countess of Penthievre and nominal Duchess of Brittany (b. 1319)
- September 20 – Louis I, Duke of Anjou (b. 1339)
- October – Joan Holland, Duchess of Brittany (b. 1350)
- December 23 – Thomas Preljubović, ruler of Epirus
- December 31 – John Wycliffe, English theologian, Bible translator and Catholic reform campaigner
- date unknown
- John of Fordun, Scottish chronicler
- Peter of Enghien, Count of Lecce
- Ruaidri mac Tairdelbach Ó Conchobair, King of Connacht
- probable – Liubartas, King of Galicia
- Muhammad Jamaluddin al-Makki al-Amili al-Jizzini also known as al-Shahid al-Awwal, author of al-Lum'ah al-Dimashqiyah (b. ca 1334)
References
- ↑ Pan Hla, Nai (2005) [1968]. Razadarit Ayedawbon (in Burmese) (8th printing ed.). Yangon: Armanthit Sarpay. pp. 157–158.
- ↑ Boardman, Stephen (2007), The Early Stewart Kings: Robert II and Robert III, 1371–1406, The Stewart Dynasty in Scotland Series, Edinburgh: John Donald, an imprint of Birlinn Ltd, p. 118, ISBN 978-1-904607-68-7
- ↑ "Louis II, count of Flanders". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
- ↑ Sir Herbert Maxwell, A History of the House of Douglas: From the Earliest Times Down to the Legislative Union of England and Scotland, Volume 1 (Freemantle & Company, 1902) pp.92-93
- ↑ Cohn, S. K. (2013). Popular Protest in Late Medieval English Towns. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 42. ISBN 978-1-10702-780-0.
- ↑ Miguel Duarte, Luís, Batalhas da História de Portugal – Guerra pela Independência, Academia Portuguesa de História, Lisboa, 2006, Vol. IV, pp. 88-92
- ↑ Rogers, Clifford J. (2010). The Oxford Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology. Oxford University Press. pp. 511–513. ISBN 978-0-19-533403-6.
- ↑ Oreste, Giuseppe (1960). "Dizionario biografico degli Italiano". Retrieved March 1, 2012.
- ↑ Tancredo de Morais, História da Marinha Portuguesa (History of the Portuguese Navy (Lisbon: Clube Militar Naval, 1940) p.185
- ↑ Friedrich Ebrard, Der erste Annäherungsversuch König Wenzels an den schwäbisch-rheinischen Städtebund 1384-1385. Eine historische Untersuchung. (King Wenceslaus's First Attempt at Rapprochement with the Swabian-Rhenish League of Cities, 1384–1385. A Historical Investigation) (Strasbourg, 1877) online im Internet Archive
- ↑ Wright, Christopher (2014). The Gattilusio Lordships and the Aegean World 1355-1462. Brill. p. 46.
- ↑ Halecki, Oscar (1991). Jadwiga of Anjou and the Rise of East Central Europe. Polish Institute of Arts and Sciences of America. p. 109. ISBN 0-88033-206-9.
- ↑ Wyrozumski, Jerzy (1997). Królowa Jadwiga. Między epoką piastowską i jagiellońską [Queen Jadwiga: Between the Piast and Jagiellonian Eras]. Kraków: Universitas. pp. 83–84. ISBN 83-7052-934-8.
- ↑ Template:Cite ODNB