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Discus throw

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"Discus thrower" and "Discus" redirect here. For the statue, see Discobolus. For other uses, see Discus (disambiguation).

Template:Infobox athletics event

The discus throw (About this soundpronunciation), also known as disc throw, is a track and field event in which the participant athlete throws an oblate spheroid weight – called a discus – in an attempt to achieve a farther distance than other competitors. It is an ancient sport originated in ancient Greece, as demonstrated by the fifth-century-BC Myron statue Discobolus. Although not part of the current pentathlon, it was one of the events of the ancient Greek pentathlon, which can be dated back to at least 708 BC,[1] and it is part of the modern decathlon.

History

[edit]
See also: History of physical training and fitness
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Modern copy of the Diskophoros, attributed to Alkamenes

The sport of throwing the discus traces back to it being an event in the original Olympic Games of Ancient Greece.[2] The discus as a sport was resurrected in Magdeburg, Germany, by gymnastics teacher Christian Georg Kohlrausch and his students in the 1870s.[3] Organized men's competition was resumed in the late 19th century, and has been a part of the modern Summer Olympic Games since the first modern competition, the 1896 Summer Olympics. Images of discus throwers figured prominently in advertising for early modern Games, such as fundraising stamps for the 1896 Games, and the main posters for the 1920 and 1948 Summer Olympics. Today the sport of discus is a routine part of modern track-and-field meets at all levels, and retains a particularly iconic place in the Olympic Games.

 
The main poster for the 1920 Summer Olympics

The first modern athlete to throw the discus while rotating the whole body was František Janda-Suk from Bohemia (the present Czech Republic).[4] Janda-Suk invented this technique when studying the position of the statue of Discobolus. After a year of developing the technique, he earned a silver medal in the 1900 Olympics.

Women's competition began in the first decades of the 20th century. Following competition at national and regional levels, it was added to the Olympic program for the 1928 games.

Regulations

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The event consists of throwing a heavy disc, with the weight or size depending on the competitor. Men and women throw different sized discs, with varying sizes and weights depending on age. The weight of the discus is either governed by World Athletics for international or USA Track & Field for the United States.

In the United States, Henry Canine advocated for a lighter-weight discus in high school competition. His suggestion was adopted by the National High School Athletic Association in 1938.[5]

US Weights[6]
Age Men Women
High School 1.6 kg 1 kg
Collegiate 2 kg 1 kg
Professional 2 kg 1 kg
Master's (35–59) 1.5 kg 1 kg
Master's (60–74) 1 kg 1 kg
Master's (75+) 1 kg 0.75 kg
International Weights[7]
Age Men Women
≤17 1.5 kg 1 kg
18–19 1.75 kg 1 kg
20–49 2 kg 1 kg
50–59 1.5 kg 1 kg
60–74 1 kg 1 kg
75+ 1 kg 0.75 kg
Error creating thumbnail:
Discus (2 kg), World Athletics certified for competitions
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Side view
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Longitudinal section (schematic)

The typical discus has sides made of plastic, wood, fiberglass, carbon fiber or metal with a metal rim and a metal core to attain the weight. The rim must be smooth, with no roughness or finger holds. A discus with more weight in the rim produces greater angular momentum for any given spin rate, and thus more stability, although it is more difficult to throw. However, a higher rim weight, if thrown correctly, can lead to a longer throw. In some competitions, a solid rubber discus is used (see in the United States).

To make a throw, the competitor starts in a circle of Template:T&Fcalc diameter, which is recessed in a concrete pad by 20 millimetres (0.79 in). The thrower typically takes an initial stance facing away from the direction of the throw. They then spin anticlockwise (for right-handers) 1+1⁄2 times while staying within the circle to build momentum before releasing the discus. The discus must land within a 34.92º circular sector that is centered on the throwing circle.[8] The rules of competition for discus are virtually identical to those of shot put, except that the circle is larger, a stop board is not used and there are no form rules concerning how the discus is to be thrown.

The basic motion is a fore-handed sidearm movement. The discus is spun off the index finger or the middle finger of the throwing hand. In flight the disc spins clockwise when viewed from above for a right-handed thrower, and anticlockwise for a left-handed thrower. As well as achieving maximum momentum in the discus on throwing, the discus' distance is also determined by the trajectory the thrower imparts, as well as the aerodynamic behavior of the discus. Generally, throws into a moderate headwind achieve the maximum distance. Also, a faster-spinning discus imparts greater gyroscopic stability. The technique of discus throwing is quite difficult to master and needs much experience to perfect; thus most top throwers are 30 years old or more.

The discus throw is sometimes contested indoors, but it is not included at the World Athletics Indoor Championships. World Athletics used to keep "world indoor best" discus records, but since 2023 they now combine both indoor and outdoor marks.[9][10]

File:Discobolus Kleomelos Louvre G111.jpg
Discus-thrower, tondo of a kylix by the Kleomelos Painter, Louvre Museum
File:Discus Thrower Copenhagen.jpg
Modern copy of Myron's Discobolus in University of Copenhagen Botanical Garden, Denmark

Phases

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The discus technique can be broken down into phases. The purpose is to transfer from the back to the front of the throwing circle while turning through one and a half circles. The speed of delivery is high, and speed is built up during the throw (slow to fast). Correct technique involves the buildup of torque so that maximum force can be applied to the discus on delivery.[11]

File:DiscusRutgerSmith6551.jpg
Rutger Smith in phases of the discus throw

Initially, the thrower takes up their position in the throwing circle, distributing their body weight evenly over both feet, which are roughly shoulder width apart. They crouch in order to adopt a more efficient posture to start from whilst also isometrically preloading their muscles; this will allow them to start faster and achieve a more powerful throw. They then begin the wind-up, which sets the tone for the entire throw; the rhythm of the wind-up and throw is very important.

Focusing on rhythm can bring about the consistency to get in the right positions that many throwers lack. Executing a sound discus throw with solid technique requires perfect balance. This is due to the throw being a linear movement combined with a one and a half rotation and an implement at the end of one arm. Thus, a good discus thrower needs to maintain balance within the circle.[12]

For a right handed thrower, the next stage is to move the weight over the left foot. From this position the right foot is raised, and the athlete 'runs' across the circle. There are various techniques for this stage where the leg swings out to a small or great extent. Some athletes turn on their left heel (e.g. Ilke Wyludda[13]), but turning on the ball of the foot is far more common.

The aim is to land in the 'power position'; the right foot should be in the center and the heel should not touch the ground at any point. The left foot should land very quickly after the right. Weight should be mostly over the back foot with as much torque as possible in the body so the right arm is high and far back. This is very hard to achieve.[14]

The critical stage is the delivery of the discus. From the 'power position' the hips drive through hard, and will be facing the direction of the throw on delivery. Athletes employ various techniques to control the end-point and recover from the throw, such as fixing feet (to pretty much stop dead[13]), or an active reverse spinning onto the left foot (e.g. Virgilijus Alekna[15]).

Sports scientist Richard Ganslen researched the Aerodynamics of the Discus, reporting the discus will stall at an angle of 29°.[16]

Culture

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The discus throw has been the subject of a number of well-known ancient Greek statues and Roman copies such as the Discobolus and Discophoros. The discus throw also appears repeatedly in ancient Greek mythology, featured as a means of manslaughter in the cases of Hyacinth, Crocus, Phocus, and Acrisius, and as a named event in the funeral games of Patroclus.

Discus throwers have been selected as a main motif in numerous collectors' coins. One of the recent samples is the €10 Greek Discus commemorative coin, minted in 2003 to commemorate the 2004 Summer Olympics. On the obverse of the coin a modern athlete is seen in the foreground in a half-turned position, while in the background an ancient discus thrower has been captured in a lively bending motion, with the discus high above his head, creating a vivid representation of the sport.

Area records

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Template:Table alignment

Area Men Women
Mark Season Athlete Mark Season Athlete
World Template:T&FcalcR 2025 Template:Flagathlete Template:T&FcalcR 1988 Template:Flagathlete
Area records
Africa (records) Template:T&FcalcR 2002 Template:Flagathlete Template:T&FcalcR 2023 Template:Flagathlete
Asia (records) Template:T&FcalcR 2008 Template:Flagathlete Template:T&FcalcR 1992 Template:Flagathlete
Europe (records) Template:T&FcalcR 2025 Template:Flagathlete Template:T&FcalcR 1988 Template:Flagathlete
North, Central America
and Caribbean (records) 		Template:T&FcalcR 2026 Template:Flagathlete Template:T&FcalcR 2025 Template:Flagathlete
Oceania (records) Template:T&FcalcR 2025 Template:Flagathlete Template:T&FcalcR 2017 Template:Flagathlete
South America (records) Template:T&FcalcR 2020 Template:Flagathlete Template:T&FcalcR 2019 Template:Flagathlete

All-time top 25

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See also: Men's discus throw world record progression and Women's discus throw world record progression
Tables show data for two definitions of "Top 25" - the top 25 discus throw marks and the top 25 athletes:
- denotes top performance for athletes in the top 25 discus throw marks
- denotes lesser performances, still in the top 25 discus throw marks, by repeat athletes
- denotes top performance (only) for other top 25 athletes who fall outside the top 25 discus throw marks

Men

[edit]
Ath.# Perf.# Mark Athlete Nation Date Place Template:Refh
1 1 Template:T&FcalcR Mykolas Alekna File:Flag of Lithuania.svg Lithuania 13 April 2025 Ramona [21]
2 Template:T&FcalcR M. Alekna #2[lower-alpha 1] 13 April 2025 Ramona [21]
2 3 Template:T&FcalcR Matthew Denny File:Flag of Australia (converted).svg Australia 13 April 2025 Ramona [21]
4 Template:T&FcalcR M. Alekna #3 14 April 2024 Ramona [22]
5 Template:T&FcalcR Denny #2 10 April 2025 Ramona [23]
3 6 Template:T&FcalcR Jürgen Schult File:Flag of East Germany.svg East Germany 6 June 1986 Neubrandenburg
7 Template:T&FcalcR Denny #3 9 April 2026 Ramona [24]
4 8 Template:T&FcalcR Steven Richter   Germany 9 April 2026 Ramona [24]
5 9 Template:T&FcalcR Virgilijus Alekna File:Flag of Lithuania.svg Lithuania 3 August 2000 Kaunas
10 Template:T&FcalcR Denny #4 11 April 2026 Ramona [25]
6 11 Template:T&FcalcR Gerd Kanter File:Flag of Estonia.svg Estonia 4 September 2006 Helsingborg
7 12 Template:T&FcalcR Kristjan Čeh File:Flag of Slovenia.svg Slovenia 9 April 2026 Ramona [24]
13 Template:T&FcalcR Richter #2 11 April 2026 Ramona [25]
8 14 Template:T&FcalcR Sam Mattis   United States 9 April 2026 Ramona [24]
15 Template:T&FcalcR Čeh #2 31 May 2025 Slovenska Bistrica [26]
16 Template:T&FcalcR Čeh #3 24 May 2025 Zagreb [27]
17 Template:T&FcalcR Čeh #4 29 March 2026 Ramona [28]
18 Template:T&FcalcR M. Alekna #4 2 August 2025 Palanga [29]
19 Template:T&FcalcR M. Alekna #5 30 May 2025 College Station [30]
20 Template:T&FcalcR Čeh #5 25 May 2025 Ptuj [31]
21 Template:T&FcalcR Denny #5 6 April 2025 Ramona [23]
22 Template:T&FcalcR Kanter #2 3 May 2007 Salinas
9 23 Template:T&FcalcR Ralford Mullings File:Flag of Jamaica.svg Jamaica 16 August 2025 Ramona [32]
24 Template:T&FcalcR Kanter #3 8 May 2008 Salinas
10 24 Template:T&FcalcR Lawrence Okoye   Great Britain 11 April 2026 Ramona [25]
11 Template:T&FcalcR Yuriy Dumchev File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union 29 May 1983 Moscow
Daniel Ståhl File:Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden 29 June 2019 Bottnaryd [33]
13 Template:T&FcalcR Piotr Małachowski File:Flag of Poland.svg Poland 8 June 2013 Hengelo
14 Template:T&FcalcR Róbert Fazekas File:Flag of Hungary.svg Hungary 14 July 2002 Szombathely
15 Template:T&FcalcR Lars Riedel   Germany 3 May 1997 Wiesbaden
16 Template:T&FcalcR Alex Rose File:Flag of Samoa.svg Samoa 11 May 2024 Allendale [34]
17 Template:T&FcalcR Ben Plucknett   United States 4 June 1983 Eugene [35]
18 Template:T&FcalcR John Powell   United States 9 June 1984 San Jose
Rickard Bruch File:Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden 15 November 1984 Malmö
Imrich Bugár File:Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Czechoslovakia 25 May 1985 San Jose
21 Template:T&FcalcR Art Burns   United States 19 July 1983 San Jose
22 Template:T&FcalcR Wolfgang Schmidt File:Flag of East Germany.svg East Germany 9 August 1978 Berlin
23 Template:T&FcalcR Anthony Washington   United States 22 May 1996 Salinas
24 Template:T&FcalcR Luis Delís File:Flag of Cuba.svg Cuba 21 May 1983 Havana
25 Template:T&FcalcR Clemens Prüfer   Germany 13 April 2025 Ramona [21]
  1. ↑ Typically only one throw per competition would be included on this list, however due to this throw and the subsequent throw of Template:T&FcalcR both breaking the world record they are given special status and both are included.

Notable series

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  • Matthew Denny had throws of 71.03, 73.46, 74.25, 72.93, 71.14 and 73.56 at the Oklahoma Throws Series in Ramona on 10 April 2025, becoming the second man to produce six throws above 70 meters in a single competition.[23] He achieved a series average of 72.72 m, which is the best in history.[36]
  • Mykolas Alekna had throws of 72.21, 70.32, 72.89, 70.51, 74.35 and 70.50 at the Oklahoma Throws Series in Ramona on 14 April 2024, becoming the first man to produce three throws above 72 meters (and six throws above 70 meters) in a single competition.[37]
  • Kristjan Čeh had throws of 71.86, 71.70 and 71.19 in Jõhvi on 16 June 2023 becoming the first man to have three throws above 71 metres in a single competition.[38]
  • At the 2019 Diamond League Meeting in Doha, Qatar, Daniel Ståhl became the first man to produce six throws beyond 69.50 in a single competition.[39]

Annulled marks

[edit]
  • Ben Plucknett also threw a world record of 72.34 in Stockholm on 7 July 1981. This performance was annulled due to doping offences.
[edit]
  • Rickard Bruch also threw 72.18 at an exhibition meeting in Piteå on 23 July 1974.
  • John Powell also threw 72.08 in Klagshamn on 11 September 1987, but the throw was made onto a sloping/downhill sector.

Women

[edit]
Ath.# Perf.# Mark Athlete Nation Date Place Template:Refh
1 1 Template:T&FcalcR Gabriele Reinsch File:Flag of East Germany.svg East Germany 9 July 1988 Neubrandenburg
2 2 Template:T&FcalcR Zdeňka Šilhavá File:Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Czechoslovakia 26 August 1984 Nitra
Ilke Wyludda File:Flag of East Germany.svg East Germany 23 July 1989 Neubrandenburg
4 Template:T&FcalcR Reinsch #2 13 September 1988 Berlin
5 Template:T&FcalcR Wyludda #2 13 September 1988 Berlin
4 6 Template:T&FcalcR Diana Gansky File:Flag of East Germany.svg East Germany 20 June 1987 Karl-Marx-Stadt
7 Template:T&FcalcR Gansky #2 27 June 1987 Prague
5 8 Template:T&FcalcR Daniela Costian File:Flag of Romania (1965-1989).svg Romania 30 April 1988 Bucharest
9 Template:T&FcalcR Costian #2 24 April 1988 Bucharest
6 10 Template:T&FcalcR Valarie Allman   United States 12 April 2025 Ramona [42]
11 Template:T&FcalcR Reinsch #3 12 June 1988 Karl-Marx-Stadt
7 12 Template:T&FcalcR Irina Meszynski File:Flag of East Germany.svg East Germany 17 August 1984 Prague
13 Template:T&FcalcR Gansky #2 11 June 1987 Neubrandenburg
8 14 Template:T&FcalcR Galina Savinkova File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union 8 September 1984 Donetsk
15 Template:T&FcalcR Savinkova #2 22 May 1983 Leselidze
Gansky #3 6 June 1986 Neubrandenburg
17 Template:T&FcalcR Gansky #4 29 May 1987 Leipzig
9 18 Template:T&FcalcR Tsvetanka Khristova File:Flag of Bulgaria (1971 – 1990).svg Bulgaria 19 April 1987 Kazanlak
19 Template:T&FcalcR Wyludda #3 13 September 1988 Berlin
10 20 Template:T&FcalcR Gisela Beyer File:Flag of East Germany.svg East Germany 20 July 1984 Berlin
20 Template:T&FcalcR Allman #2 11 April 2026 Ramona [25]
11 22 Template:T&FcalcR Yaime Pérez File:Flag of Cuba.svg Cuba 13 April 2024 Ramona [43]
23 Template:T&FcalcR Gansky #5 6 June 1987 Potsdam
Wyludda #4 5 August 1989 Gateshead
25 Template:T&FcalcR Savinkova #3 23 June 1985 Erfurt
12 Template:T&FcalcR Martina Hellmann File:Flag of East Germany.svg East Germany 20 August 1987 Potsdam
13 Template:T&FcalcR Galina Murashova File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union 17 August 1984 Prague
14 Template:T&FcalcR Mariya Vergova File:Flag of Bulgaria.svg Bulgaria 13 July 1980 Sofia
15 Template:T&FcalcR Xiao Yanling File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China 14 March 1992 Beijing
16 Template:T&FcalcR Ellina Zvereva File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union 12 June 1988 Leningrad
17 Template:T&FcalcR Evelin Jahl File:Flag of East Germany.svg East Germany 10 May 1980 Potsdam
18 Template:T&FcalcR Sandra Perković File:Flag of Croatia.svg Croatia 18 July 2017 Bellinzona [44]
19 Template:T&FcalcR Larisa Korotkevich File:Flag of Russia (1991–1993).svg Russia 29 May 1992 Sochi
20 Template:T&FcalcR Ria Stalman File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands 15 July 1984 Walnut
21 Template:T&FcalcR Jorinde van Klinken File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands 11 April 2026 Ramona [25]
22 Template:T&FcalcR Hilda Ramos File:Flag of Cuba.svg Cuba 8 May 1992 Havana
23 Template:T&FcalcR Larisa Mikhalchenko File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union 18 June 1988 Kharkiv
24 Template:T&FcalcR Laulauga Tausaga   United States 12 April 2025 Ramona [42]
25 Template:T&FcalcR Maritza Martén File:Flag of Cuba.svg Cuba 18 July 1992 Seville

Annulled marks

[edit]
  • Daniela Costian of Romania threw a best of 73.48 in Bucharest on 30 April 1988. This performance was annulled due to doping offences.
  • Darya Pishchalnikova of Russia threw a best of 70.69 in Cheboksary on 5 July 2012. This performance was annulled due to doping offences.
[edit]
  • Martina Hellmann also threw 78.14 at an unofficial meeting in Berlin on 6 September 1988.
  • Ilke Wyludda also threw 75.36 at an unofficial meeting in Berlin on 6 September 1988.

Olympic medalists

[edit]

Men

[edit]

Template:Olympic medalists in men's discus throw

Women

[edit]

Template:Olympic medalists in women's discus throw

World Championships medalists

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Men

[edit]

Template:World Championships in Athletics medalists in men's discus throw

Women

[edit]

Template:World Championships in Athletics medalists in women's discus throw

World leading marks

[edit]

See also

[edit]

Notes and references

[edit]
  1. ↑ "Sports – List of Summer and Winter Olympic Sports". olympic.org. 14 January 2018.
  2. ↑ "Discus Throwing | Encyclopedia.com". www.encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 2020-03-11.
  3. ↑ "History of Discus". www.discusnada.org. Retrieved 2020-03-11.
  4. ↑ "Discus Throw". site.dev.aws.worldathletics.org. Retrieved 2020-10-26.
  5. ↑ "Henry E. Canine resigns as mentor at high school in Aledo". The Daily Times (Davenport, Iowa). August 30, 1938. Retrieved December 6, 2021.
  6. ↑ "Track and Field Throwing Implement Weight Requirements Rules". www.everythingtrackandfield.com. Retrieved 2020-03-11.
  7. ↑ "Book of Rules | Official Documents". www.worldathletics.org. Retrieved 2020-03-11.
  8. ↑ "The Rules and Regulations Every Discus Thrower Should Be Aware Of". Sports Aspire. 2009-11-04. Retrieved 2020-03-11.
  9. ↑ "Kanter throws 69.51m world indoor best in Växjö | NEWS | World Athletics". worldathletics.org. Retrieved 2024-01-13.
  10. ↑ "Indoor track to be renamed short track by World Athletics". NBC Sports. 2023-05-23. Retrieved 2024-01-13.
  11. ↑ Rosenbaum, Mike (2018-12-11). "How to Throw a Discus Step-By-Step". LiveAbout. Archived from the original on 2023-05-30. Retrieved 2020-03-11.
  12. ↑ Cappos, Scott. "Shot Put and Discus Technique and Training". Digital Track and Field.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 throwhammer (13 September 2010). "wyludda discus throw 1996 olympics". Archived from the original on 2021-10-31 – via YouTube.
  14. ↑ Power position Archived 2015-04-06 at the Wayback Machine, about.com
  15. ↑ ntujavelin (26 December 2008). "2005 World Championship Men's Discus - 1st Virgilijus Alekna". Archived from the original on 2021-10-31 – via YouTube.
  16. ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-07. Retrieved 2016-03-02.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  17. ↑ "Men's Discus Throw | Records". worldathletics.org. World Athletics. Retrieved 11 May 2026.
  18. ↑ "Women's Discus Throw | Records". worldathletics.org. World Athletics. Retrieved 11 May 2026.
  19. ↑ Discus Throw - men - senior - outdoor. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-01-20.
  20. ↑ "All-time men's best Discus Throw". alltime-athletics.com. 21 July 2019. Retrieved 28 July 2019.
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 21.2 21.3 "Alekna shatters discus world record with 75.56m in Ramona". World Athletics. 13 April 2025. Retrieved 13 April 2025.
  22. ↑ "FLASH: Alekna breaks discus world record with 74.35m in Oklahoma | REPORT | World Athletics". worldathletics.org. Retrieved 2024-04-15.
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 "Denny threatens world discus record with 74.25m in Ramona". World Athletics. 11 April 2025. Retrieved 11 April 2025.
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 24.2 24.3 "Denny and Richter reach 74 metres in Ramona". World Athletics. 8 April 2026. Retrieved 9 April 2026.
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 25.2 25.3 25.4 "Van Klinken and Okoye break national discus records in Ramona". European Athletics. 11 April 2026. Retrieved 12 April 2026.
  26. ↑ "Discus Throw Results". World Athletics. Retrieved 3 June 2025.
  27. ↑ "75. Boris Hanžeković Memorial Men's Discus Throw results" (PDF). atletika.cz. 24 May 2025. Retrieved 25 May 2025.
  28. ↑ "Oklahoma Throws Series Millican Field at Throw Town, Ramona, OK (USA)". World Athletics. 29 March 2026. Retrieved 31 March 2026.
  29. ↑ "Karalis clears 6.08m in Volos as records fall around the world, athletes target Tokyo". worldathletics. 2 August 2025. Retrieved 3 August 2025.
  30. ↑ "Discus Throw Results". World Athletics. Retrieved 3 June 2025.
  31. ↑ "Discus Throw Results". World Athletics. Retrieved 3 June 2025.
  32. ↑ Paul Reid (16 August 2025). "Ralford Mullings shatters Jamaican men's discus record". Jamaica Observer. Retrieved 21 August 2025.
  33. ↑ "Stahl goes to equal fourth on the world all-time discus list with 71.86m". European Athletics. 29 June 2019. Retrieved 20 July 2019.
  34. ↑ "Ta Lou-Smith among athletes to shine at Jamaica Athletics Invitational". World Athletics. 12 May 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
  35. ↑ "Ben Plucknett World Athletics Profile". World Athletics. Retrieved 3 June 2025.
  36. ↑ "10cm short of WR! Australian Matthew Denny achieves second-best throw in discus history". foxsports.com.au. 11 April 2025. Retrieved 11 April 2025.
  37. ↑ "FLASH: Alekna breaks discus world record with 74.35m in Oklahoma". 15 April 2024. Retrieved 15 April 2024.
  38. ↑ "Ceh and Stahl throw beyond 71 metres in Jöhvi". World Athletics. 17 June 2023. Retrieved 19 June 2023.
  39. ↑ Bob Ramsak (3 May 2019). "Stahl sends discus beyond 70 metres in Doha – IAAF Diamond League". IAAF. Retrieved 3 May 2019.
  40. ↑ Discus Throw - women - senior - outdoor. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-01-20.
  41. ↑ "All-time women's best Discus Throw". alltime-athletics.com. 23 June 2019. Retrieved 28 July 2019.
  42. ↑ 42.0 42.1 "Allman throws 73.52m North American discus record in Ramona". World Athletics. 12 April 2025. Retrieved 13 April 2025.
  43. ↑ "Perez launches discus 73.09m, Sears clocks 10.77 for 100m | REPORT | World Athletics". worldathletics.org. Retrieved 2024-04-14.
  44. ↑ Diego Sampaolo (19 July 2017). "Perkovic throws 71.41m in Bellinzona, world's best discus mark since 1992". IAAF. Retrieved 19 July 2017.
[edit]

Template:Athletics events

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