Foreign relations of Paraguay

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Template:Politics of Paraguay Paraguayan foreign policy has concentrated on maintaining good relations with its neighbors, and it has been an active proponent of regional co-operation. It is a member of the United Nations and has served one term in the UN Security Council in 1967–1969. It maintains membership in several international financial institutions, including the World Bank, the Inter-American Development Bank, and the International Monetary Fund. It also belongs to the Organization of American States, the Latin American Integration Association (ALADI), the Rio Group, INTERPOL, MERCOSUR (the Southern Cone Common Market) and UNASUR.

At the political level, diplomatic affairs and international relations of Paraguay are officially handled by the Ministry of Foreign Relations, which answers to the executive branch of the government. Minister of Foreign Relations 2018 -2019 was Luis Alberto Castiglioni.[1]

Unlike any other country in South America, Paraguay recognizes the Republic of China instead of the People's Republic of China. Paraguay presently is the largest country maintaining official diplomatic relations with the Republic of China.

Diplomatic relations

[edit]

List of countries which Paraguay maintains diplomatic relations with:

File:Diplomatic relations of Paraguay.svg
# Country Date[2]
1 File:Flag of Argentina.svg Argentina 28 December 1842[3]
2 File:Flag of Chile.svg Chile 22 July 1843[4]
3 Error creating thumbnail:  Brazil 14 September 1844[5]
4 File:Flag of Uruguay.svg Uruguay 1 January 1846[6]
5 File:Flag of Portugal.svg Portugal 14 February 1846[7]
6   France 4 March 1853[8]
7 File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom 4 March 1853[9]
8   United States 26 November 1861[10]
9 File:Flag of Peru.svg Peru 25 June 1862[11]
10 File:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Belgium 17 June 1863[12]
11 File:Flag of Italy.svg Italy 1867[13]
12 File:Flag of Colombia.svg Colombia Template:DTS[14]
— File:Flag of the Vatican City.svg  Holy See Template:DTS[15]
13 File:Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg Bolivia 15 October 1879[16]
14   Spain 10 September 1880[17]
15 File:Flag of Ecuador.svg Ecuador 15 December 1880[18]
16 File:Flag of El Salvador.svg El Salvador 1880[19]
17 File:Flag of Mexico.svg Mexico 3 October 1883[20][21]
— File:Flag of Venezuela.svg Venezuela (suspended)[22] 7 August 1891[23]
18 File:Flag of Switzerland.svg  Switzerland 27 June 1892[24]
19 File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands 13 June 1896[25]
20 File:Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg Dominican Republic 18 February 1902[26]
21 File:Flag of Norway.svg Norway 2 April 1906[27]
22 File:Flag of Cuba.svg Cuba 13 July 1906[28]
23 File:Flag of Guatemala.svg Guatemala 1 May 1907[29]
24 File:Flag of Japan.svg Japan 17 November 1919[30]
25 File:Flag of Poland.svg Poland 2 May 1920[31]
26 File:Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden 24 February 1923[32]
27 File:Flag of Austria.svg Austria 19 August 1927[33]
28 File:Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Czech Republic 14 February 1936[34]
29 File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama 31 October 1942[35]
30 File:Flag of Costa Rica.svg Costa Rica 5 January 1948[3]
31 File:Flag of Honduras (darker variant).svg Honduras 22 March 1949[12]
32 File:Flag of Israel.svg Israel 5 December 1950[36]
33 File:Flag of Serbia.svg Serbia 1950[37]
34 Error creating thumbnail:  Germany 1 October 1952[38]
35 File:Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey 11 September 1953[39]
36 File:Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark 1 December 1953[40]
37 File:Flag of Nicaragua.svg Nicaragua 18 January 1956[41]
38 File:Flag of Haiti.svg Haiti 2 October 1956[12]
— File:Flag of the Republic of China.svg Republic of China 8 July 1957[42]
39 File:Flag of Lebanon.svg Lebanon 12 May 1958[43]
40 File:Flag of Egypt.svg Egypt 1959[44]
41 File:Flag of India.svg India 13 September 1961[45]
42 File:Flag of South Korea.svg South Korea 12 June 1962[46]
43 File:Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada 5 July 1962[47]
44 File:Flag of the Philippines.svg Philippines 12 December 1962[48]
45 File:Flag of Thailand.svg Thailand 17 December 1962[49]
46 File:Flag of Finland.svg Finland 20 November 1963[50]
47 File:Flag of Morocco.svg Morocco 1964[51]
48 File:Flag of Luxembourg.svg Luxembourg 26 February 1965[52]
49 File:Flag of Pakistan.svg Pakistan 23 October 1967[53]
50 File:Flag of Greece.svg Greece 28 February 1972[54]
51 File:Flag of South Africa.svg South Africa 3 April 1974[55]
52 File:Flag of Australia (converted).svg Australia 2 December 1974[56]
53 File:Flag of Indonesia.svg Indonesia 29 November 1982[57]
54 File:Flag of Nigeria.svg Nigeria 27 May 1988[58]
55 File:Flag of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.svg Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 22 June 1989
56 File:Flag of Malaysia.svg Malaysia 17 November 1989[59]
57 File:Flag of Hungary.svg Hungary 2 May 1991
58 File:Flag of Slovenia.svg Slovenia 25 February 1992[60]
59 File:Flag of Croatia.svg Croatia 13 March 1992[61]
60 File:Flag of Russia.svg Russia 14 May 1992[62]
61 File:Flag of Romania.svg Romania 28 May 1992
62 File:Flag of Latvia.svg Latvia 3 June 1992
63 File:Flag of Armenia.svg Armenia 2 July 1992
64 File:Flag of Estonia.svg Estonia 2 July 1992
65 File:Flag of Côte d'Ivoire.svg Ivory Coast 28 July 1992
66 File:Flag of Albania.svg Albania 29 July 1992
67 File:Flag of Belize.svg Belize 2 November 1992
68 File:Flag of Jamaica.svg Jamaica 10 November 1992
69 File:Flag of Belarus.svg Belarus 18 November 1992
70 File:Flag of Suriname.svg Suriname 20 November 1992
71 File:Flag of Bulgaria.svg Bulgaria 2 December 1992
72 File:Flag of Singapore.svg Singapore 10 December 1992
73 File:Flag of Slovakia.svg Slovakia 8 January 1993[63]
74 File:Flag of New Zealand.svg New Zealand 17 February 1993
75 File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran 19 February 1993
76 File:Flag of Kuwait.svg Kuwait 23 February 1993
77 File:Flag of Ukraine.svg Ukraine 26 February 1993
78 File:Flag of Lithuania.svg Lithuania 3 March 1993
79 File:Flag of the Seychelles.svg Seychelles 23 April 1993
80 File:Flag of Barbados.svg Barbados 27 May 1993[64]
81 File:Flag of Saint Lucia.svg Saint Lucia 18 June 1993
82 File:Flag of Cameroon.svg Cameroon 3 December 1993
83 File:Flag of Guyana.svg Guyana Template:DTS
84 File:Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg Trinidad and Tobago Template:DTS
85 File:Flag of Cambodia.svg Cambodia Template:DTS
86 File:Flag of Algeria.svg Algeria 3 February 1995
87 File:Flag of Andorra.svg Andorra 23 March 1995
88 File:Flag of Vietnam.svg Vietnam 30 May 1995
89 File:Flag of Brunei.svg Brunei 8 April 1996
90 File:Flag of Mozambique.svg Mozambique 3 October 1997
— File:Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (suspended) 9 February 2000[65][66]
91 File:Flag of Ireland.svg Ireland 15 May 2001
92 File:Flag of Uzbekistan.svg Uzbekistan 27 August 2001[67]
93 File:Flag of Cyprus.svg Cyprus 8 October 2001
94 File:Flag of Qatar.svg Qatar 8 November 2002
95 File:Flag of San Marino.svg San Marino 3 April 2003[68]
96 File:Flag of Mongolia.svg Mongolia 17 June 2003[69]
97 File:Flag of Iceland.svg Iceland 17 March 2004
98 File:Flag of Azerbaijan.svg Azerbaijan 20 April 2004
99 File:Flag of Malta.svg Malta 8 July 2004
100 File:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Kazakhstan 20 September 2004[70]
101 File:Flag of Syria.svg Syria 13 December 2004
— File:Flag of Palestine.svg State of Palestine 26 March 2005[71]
102 File:Flag of Bahrain.svg Bahrain 6 May 2005
103 File:Flag of Sudan.svg Sudan 11 May 2005[72]
104 File:Flag of Laos.svg Laos 28 September 2005
105 File:Flag of Equatorial Guinea.svg Equatorial Guinea 3 November 2005
106 File:Flag of Jordan.svg Jordan 15 November 2005
107 File:Flag of Oman.svg Oman 15 November 2005
108 File:Flag of Namibia.svg Namibia 17 April 2006[73]
109 File:Flag of Nepal.svg   Nepal 2 August 2006
110 File:Flag of the Republic of the Congo.svg Republic of the Congo 23 March 2007[74]
111 File:Flag of Eswatini.svg Eswatini 3 April 2007[74]
112 File:Flag of Montenegro.svg Montenegro 5 June 2007
113 File:Flag of Angola.svg Angola 21 June 2007[74]
114 File:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg United Arab Emirates 13 July 2007
115 File:Flag of Botswana.svg Botswana 16 July 2007
116 File:Flag of Tajikistan.svg Tajikistan 30 August 2007[75]
117 File:Flag of North Macedonia.svg North Macedonia 26 October 2007
118 File:Flag of Benin.svg Benin 18 February 2009[76]
119 File:Flag of Sri Lanka.svg Sri Lanka 3 April 2009
120 File:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg Saudi Arabia 9 July 2009
121 File:Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg Bosnia and Herzegovina 22 September 2009
122 File:Flag of Kenya.svg Kenya 25 September 2009
123 File:Flag of Georgia.svg Georgia 9 March 2010
124 File:Flag of Senegal.svg Senegal March 2010[77]
125 File:Flag of Eritrea.svg Eritrea March 2010[77]
126 File:Flag of The Gambia.svg Gambia 23 April 2010[78]
127 File:Flag of Burkina Faso.svg Burkina Faso 18 May 2010
128 File:Flag of Burundi.svg Burundi 2010[79]
129 File:Flag of Niger.svg Niger 2010[79]
130 File:Flag of Uganda.svg Uganda 18 June 2010
131 File:Flag of Mali.svg Mali 25 June 2010[80]
132 File:Flag of Djibouti.svg Djibouti 22 July 2010
133 File:Flag of Maldives.svg Maldives 28 September 2010[81]
134 File:Flag of Mauritius.svg Mauritius 28 September 2010
135 File:Flag of Zambia.svg Zambia 28 September 2010[82]
136 File:Flag of Ethiopia.svg Ethiopia 29 September 2010[82]
137 File:Flag of Fiji.svg Fiji 22 December 2010
138 File:Flag of Samoa.svg Samoa 28 January 2011[83]
139 File:Flag of Libya.svg Libya 9 February 2011
140 File:Flag of Liechtenstein.svg Liechtenstein 6 April 2011[84]
141 File:Flag of the Solomon Islands.svg Solomon Islands 4 May 2011[85]
142 File:Flag of Moldova.svg Moldova 5 May 2011[86]
143 File:Flag of Tuvalu.svg Tuvalu 2 June 2011[87]
144 File:Flag of Zimbabwe.svg Zimbabwe 29 March 2012
145 File:Flag of Kyrgyzstan.svg Kyrgyzstan 23 May 2012[88]
146 File:Flag of Mauritania.svg Mauritania 5 June 2012[89]
147 File:Flag of Monaco.svg Monaco 14 June 2012[90]
148 File:Flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis.svg Saint Kitts and Nevis 22 March 2013[91]
149 File:Flag of Dominica.svg Dominica Template:DTS[92]
150 File:Flag of Antigua and Barbuda.svg Antigua and Barbuda 21 September 2016
151 File:Flag of Grenada.svg Grenada 21 September 2016
152 File:Flag of Papua New Guinea.svg Papua New Guinea 21 September 2016
153 File:Flag of Turkmenistan.svg Turkmenistan 28 July 2017
154 File:Flag of Federated States of Micronesia.svg Federated States of Micronesia 11 October 2018
155 File:Flag of Tunisia.svg Tunisia 1 November 2018
156 File:Flag of Bangladesh.svg Bangladesh 1 April 2019[93]
157 File:Flag of the Marshall Islands.svg Marshall Islands 26 September 2019
158 File:Flag of Guinea.svg Guinea 15 June 2021[94]
159 File:Flag of Ghana.svg Ghana 17 June 2021[95]
160 File:Flag of Kiribati.svg Kiribati 20 October 2021
161 File:Flag of Palau.svg Palau 1 April 2022[96]
162 File:Flag of East Timor.svg Timor-Leste 18 September 2022
163 File:Flag of Rwanda.svg Rwanda 18 April 2023
164 File:Flag of Guinea-Bissau.svg Guinea-Bissau 13 July 2023
165 File:Flag of Sao Tome and Principe.svg São Tomé and Príncipe 13 July 2023
166 File:Flag of the Bahamas.svg Bahamas 17 June 2025[97][98]

Bilateral relations

[edit]

Africa

[edit]
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
File:Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg SADR 2000-02-09
(Diplomatic Relations Severed in January 2014)

Paraguay recognizes the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.

In January 2014, Paraguay officially suspends its relations with Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.[99]

File:Flag of South Africa.svg South Africa

Americas

[edit]
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
File:Flag of Argentina.svg Argentina 1811 See Argentina–Paraguay relations
File:Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg Bolivia See Bolivia–Paraguay relations

In 2009 Bolivian President Evo Morales and Paraguayan President Fernando Lugo signed an agreement settling a border dispute, which had led to the Chaco War in the 1930s. President Lugo expressed the hope that natural resources could now "be developed and used by both countries" [104] Relations, as with many countries in the area, have had increased tension since the Paraguay impeachment in 2012.

Error creating thumbnail:  Brazil See Brazil–Paraguay relations
File:Brasil-Paraguay Border.JPG
Border of Brazil and Paraguay

Paraguay–Brazil relations have improved greatly after Brazilian President Lula's decision in 2009 to triple its payments to Paraguay for energy from a massive hydro-electric dam on their border, ending a long-running dispute. Under the accord, Brazil will pay Paraguay $360m a year for energy from the jointly-operated Itaipu plant. Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva called it a "historic agreement" and the deal slated as a political victory for former Paraguayan President Fernando Lugo.[105]

In February 2019, Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro praised the late military strongman of Paraguay, Alfredo Stroessner, calling him "a man of vision." Bolsonaro made the comments during a ceremony at the Itaipu hydroelectric dam on the countries' shared border. At his side was his close ally, Paraguayan right-wing President Mario Abdo Benitez.[106]

  • Brazil has an embassy in Asunción and maintains several consulates throughout the country.
  • Paraguay has an embassy in Brasília and maintains several consulates throughout the country.
File:Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada
  • Canada is accredited to Paraguay from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • Paraguay has an embassy in Ottawa.[107]
File:Flag of Colombia.svg Colombia See Colombia–Paraguay relations, List of ambassadors of Paraguay to Colombia
  • Colombia has an embassy in Asunción.
  • Paraguay has an embassy in Bogotá.
File:Flag of Mexico.svg Mexico 18 April 1881 See Mexico–Paraguay relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on April 18, 1881.

  • Mexico has an embassy in Asunción.[108]
  • Paraguay has an embassy in Mexico City.
File:Flag of Peru.svg Peru 2 May 1858 See Paraguay–Peru relations
  United States See Paraguay–United States relations

A military training agreement with Asunción, giving immunity to US soldiers, caused some concern after media reports initially reported that a base housing 20,000 US soldiers was being built at Mariscal Estigarribia within 200 km of Argentina and Bolivia, and 300 km of Brazil, near an airport which could receive large planes (B-52, C-130 Hercules, etc.) which the Paraguayan Air Forces do not have.[112][113]

In September 2009 Paraguay's President Fernando Lugo revoked plans for US troops to hold joint military exercises and development projects after stating that he no longer thinks that hosting troops taking part in the US department of defence's "New Horizons" programme was worthwhile. President Lugo referenced strong regional opposition from countries such as Argentina, Brazil, Venezuela, Bolivia and Ecuador to the expansion of US military bases in Colombia in his decision.[114]

File:Flag of Uruguay.svg Uruguay 6 April 1845 See Paraguay–Uruguay relations
File:Flag of Venezuela.svg Venezuela See Paraguay–Venezuela relations

Relations between Paraguay and Venezuela improved during Paraguay's leftist President Fernando Lugo (2008–2012), a change from 61 unbroken years of Colorado party rule. President Lugo supported Venezuela's entry into Mercosur however the Colorado Party's influence in Paraguay's Congress and Senate retarded this expansion.

Paraguay and Venezuela restarted negotiations on an unpaid debt of $250 million owed by Paraguayan oil company Petropar to its counterpart Petróleos de Venezuela after the Presidents of Paraguay and Venezuela met to deal with the financing.[117]

In January, 2019, Paraguay cut its diplomatic relations with Venezuela, considering the Venezuelan government of President Nicolas Maduro illegitimate due to disputed election.[118] Diplomatic relations were re-established on 15 November 2023.[119]

Asia

[edit]
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
File:Flag of Azerbaijan.svg Azerbaijan 20 April 2004[120] See Azerbaijan-Paraguay relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on April 20, 2004.[120]

File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China no relations See China–Paraguay relations
  • China is currently accredited to Paraguay from its consulate-general in São Paulo, Brazil.
  • Paraguay is currently accredited to People's Republic of China through its embassy in Seoul, South Korea, Hong Kong and Macau through its embassy in Tokyo, Japan.[121][122]
File:Flag of the Republic of China.svg Republic of China (Taiwan) 8 July 1957 See Paraguay–Taiwan relations

Paraguay recognizes the Republic of China as the legitimate government of China.

File:Flag of India.svg India 13 September 1961 See India–Paraguay relations
File:Flag of Israel.svg Israel 1949 See Israel–Paraguay relations
  • Israel has an embassy in Asunción.
  • Since 2024, Paraguay has an embassy in Jerusalem (previously in Tel Aviv).
File:Flag of Japan.svg Japan 17 November 1919 See Japan–Paraguay relations
  • Japan has an embassy in Asunción.
  • Paraguay has an embassy in Tokyo.
File:Flag of Mongolia.svg Mongolia 2003-06-17
  • Mongolia is accredited to Paraguay through its embassy in Brasilia, Brazil.
  • Paraguay is accredited to Mongolia through its embassy in Seoul, South Korea.
  • Mongolia signed a visa-free agreement with Paraguay on 26 September 2019.[127]
File:Flag of South Korea.svg South Korea 15 June 1962 See Paraguay–South Korea relations
  • Paraguay has an embassy in Seoul.
  • South Korea has an embassy in Asunción.
File:Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey 1953[128] See Paraguay–Turkey relations
  • Paraguay has an embassy in Ankara.[129]
  • Turkey has an embassy in Asunción.[129]
  • Trade volume between the two countries was US$82.1 million in 2019 (Paraguay's exports/imports: US$35/47.1 million).[129]

Europe

[edit]
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
File:Flag of Croatia.svg Croatia 13 March 1992
  • Paraguay is represented in Croatia through its embassy in Vienna, Austria.[130]
  • Croatia is represented in Paraguay through its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina.[131]
File:Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark
  France 1853
Error creating thumbnail:  Germany 1860 See Germany–Paraguay relations
  • Germany has an embassy in Asunción.
  • Paraguay has an embassy in Berlin and a consulate-general in Frankfurt.
File:Flag of Iceland.svg Iceland
File:Flag of Russia.svg Russia See Paraguay–Russia relations
File:Flag of Slovenia.svg Slovenia
  Spain 10 September 1880 See Paraguay–Spain relations
File:Flag of Switzerland.svg  Switzerland
File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom 4 March 1853 See Paraguay–United Kingdom relations
File:Foreign Secretary David Lammy meets with Paraguayan Foreign Minister (54669272559).jpg
British Foreign Secretary David Lammy with Paraguayan Foreign Minister Rubén Ramírez Lezcano in London, July 2025.

Paraguay established diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 4 March 1853.[9]

  • Paraguay maintains an embassy in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Paraguay through its embassy in Asunción.[144]

Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.[145]

Oceania

[edit]
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
File:Flag of Australia (converted).svg Australia See Australia–Paraguay relations

Australia's positive relations with Paraguay are growing. In 2011, Paraguay opened an embassy in Canberra, Australia opened a consulate in Asunción. As agricultural producers and exporters, they work together to achieve fairer international trade in agricultural products through membership of the Cairns Group and cooperation in other multilateral fora. Australia is also increasing its engagement with Paraguay through development cooperation and people-to-people exchanges. An increasing number of Paraguayan students are pursuing their education at Australian institutions.[146]

  • Australia is accredited to Paraguay from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • Paraguay is accredited to Australia from its embassy in Tokyo, Japan.
File:Flag of New Zealand.svg New Zealand
  • New Zealand is accredited to Paraguay from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina. New Zealand has an Honorary Consulate in Asunción.[147][148][149]
  • Paraguay is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Tokyo, Japan.

International organizations

[edit]

Paraguay is a member of the following international organizations:[150]

CAN (associate), FAO, G-11, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD (also known as the World Bank), ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC, LAES, LAIA, Mercosur, MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSTAH, MONUSCO, NAM (observer), OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, Rio Group, UN, UNASUR, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ↑ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs (in Spanish only)". Mre.gov.py. Archived from the original on 2011-10-24. Retrieved 2012-06-22.
  2. ↑ "Diplomatic relations between Paraguay and ..." United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 12 March 2025.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Yegros, Ricardo Scavone (2011). Representantes Diplomáticos Paraguayos : nómina de los jefes de Misiones Diplomáticas de la República del Paraguay (PDF) (in Spanish). p. 14. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 October 2012. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
  4. ↑ "Cuando pa Chile me voy" (in Spanish). 12 May 2021.
  5. ↑ "Paraguay y Brasil celebran 180 años de relaciones diplomáticas". Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores Paraguay (in Spanish). 14 September 2024. Retrieved 26 September 2024.
  6. ↑ "Uruguay saluda a Paraguay por el 179° aniversario de sus relaciones diplomáticas". 1 January 2025. Retrieved 18 March 2025.
  7. ↑ "Países" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2 July 2022.
  8. ↑ "Conmemoración de los 170 años de las relaciones diplomáticas entre Paraguay y Francia". Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores Paraguay (in Spanish). 1 March 2023. Archived from the original on 12 February 2025. Retrieved 3 April 2025.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Diplomat Magazine (1 March 2012). "Paraguay". Diplomat Magazine. Archived from the original on 29 April 2017. Retrieved 1 January 2025.
  10. ↑ "History of the U.S. and Paraguay". Retrieved 15 July 2023.
  11. ↑ @CancilleriaPeru (25 June 2025). "Hoy celebramos el "Día de la Amistad entre el Perú y Paraguay" y 163 años de relaciones diplomáticas, con el compromiso de continuar profundizando nuestros lazos de amistad en temas de interés común como integración, institucionalidad democrática, cooperación portuaria y seguridad" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Yegros, Ricardo Scavone (2011). Representantes Diplomáticos Paraguayos : nómina de los jefes de Misiones Diplomáticas de la República del Paraguay (PDF) (in Spanish). Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 October 2012. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
  13. ↑ "Cooperazione politica - Storia" (in Italian). Retrieved 15 July 2023.
  14. ↑ "América" (in Spanish). Retrieved 29 June 2023.
  15. ↑ Custer, Carlos Luis (2007). "Derecho de réplica: Argentina/Santa Sede" (PDF). Instituto de Relaciones Internacionales (in Spanish). 33: 6.
  16. ↑ "Gobiernos de Bolivia y Paraguay suscriben 16 instrumentos bilaterales y 6 convenios entre empresarios privados" (in Spanish). 12 June 2019. Archived from the original on 15 July 2023. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
  17. ↑ "Ficha de paises y territorios" (in Spanish). Retrieved 13 August 2022.
  18. ↑ "Paraguay y Ecuador conmemoran 142 años del inicio de Relaciones Diplomáticas" (in Spanish). 15 December 2022. Archived from the original on 3 November 2024. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
  19. ↑ "REGISTRO DE FECHAS DE ESTABLECIMIENTO DE RD" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  20. ↑ "Hoy conmemoramos el 139 aniversario del establecimiento de relaciones diplomáticas entre México y Paraguay". Relaciones Exteriores Mexico (in Spanish). 3 October 2022. Retrieved 3 April 2026.
  21. ↑ "Paraguay y México celebrarán, el próximo 3 de octubre, el aniversario 140 del inicio formal de relaciones diplomáticas". Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores del Paraguay (in Spanish). 25 May 2023. Retrieved 3 April 2026.
  22. ↑ "Venezuela, Paraguay break relations over Pena's support for opposition". 6 January 2025. Retrieved 6 January 2025.
  23. ↑ Libro amarillo correspondiente al año ...: presentado al Congreso Nacional en sus sesiones ordinarias de ... por el titular despacho (in Spanish). Venezuela. Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores. 2003. pp. 528–529.
  24. ↑ "El compromiso suizo con Paraguay" (in Spanish). 3 March 2007. Retrieved 30 December 2024.
  25. ↑ Almanach de Gotha (in French). Gotha, Germany : Justus Perthes. 1899. p. 1164.
  26. ↑ "Paraguay y República Dominicana celebran 120 años de relaciones bilaterales". 25 February 2022. Archived from the original on 4 February 2023. Retrieved 26 March 2022.
  27. ↑ "Norges opprettelse af diplomatiske forbindelser med fremmede stater" (PDF). regjeringen.no (in Norwegian). 27 April 1999. Retrieved 18 October 2021.
  28. ↑ Boletín oficial de la Secretaría de Estado de la República de Cuba (in Spanish). Lib. e Imp. "La Moderna Poesia". 1915. Sr. Octavio Lamar y Páez... 13 de julio de 1906
  29. ↑ "Relaciones Diplomáticas de Guatemala" (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 July 2021.
  30. ↑ "Relaciones Diplomáticas" (in Spanish). Retrieved 15 July 2023.
  31. ↑ Biliński, Wojciech (2018). "Uznanie międzynarodowe Polski austanowienie przez nią stosunków dyplomatycznych w1919 r. Page 19 (in Polish)". Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne. 108: 11–40. doi:10.26485/SPE/2018/108/1.
  32. ↑ Wright, Herbert Francis (1929). Actas Da Conferencia Internacional Americana de Conciliação E de Arbitramento, Washington, 10 de Dezembro 1928-5 de Janeiro de 1929 (in Portuguese). U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 251.
  33. ↑ Registro oficial correspondiente al año de (in Spanish). Imprenta Nacional. 1927. p. 563.
  34. ↑ "Relaciones bilaterales con Paraguay" (in Spanish). Retrieved 27 September 2023.
  35. ↑ "RELACIONES DIPLOMÁTICAS DE LA REPÚBLICA DE PANAMÁ" (PDF). p. 195. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 August 2020. Retrieved 30 November 2021.
  36. ↑ "Israel Minister Presents Crementials to Paraguayan President; is Welcomed by Community". 6 December 1950. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
  37. ↑ "Bilateral Relations: Paraguay". Embassy of the Republic of Serbia Buenos Aires - Argentine Republic. Archived from the original on 23 March 2025. Retrieved 28 March 2025.
  38. ↑ "Paraguay: Steckbrief". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 6 March 2025.
  39. ↑ "A un año de abrir la embajada de Turquía en Paraguay, ambos países profundizan sus relaciones" (in Spanish). 21 November 2019. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
  40. ↑ Udenrigsministeriets Tidsskrift (in Danish). 1953. p. 835.
  41. ↑ Memoria (in Spanish). Nicaragua. Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores. 1956. p. 405.
  42. ↑ "Paraguay y Taiwán: Historia de sus relaciones" (in Spanish). 18 May 2019. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
  43. ↑ "Paraguay y Líbano apuestan a dinamizar las relaciones bilaterales" (in Spanish). 6 January 2022. Retrieved 15 July 2023.[dead link]
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  46. ↑ "Countries & Regions". Retrieved 24 May 2023.
  47. ↑ Linwood, DeLong (January 2020). "A Guide to Canadian Diplomatic Relations 1925-2019". Retrieved 26 June 2023.
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  53. ↑ "Pakistan tiene interes en Mercosur y en fomentar comercio con nuestro pais". abc.com.py (in Spanish). 20 April 2005. Archived from the original on 15 July 2023. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
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  58. ↑ "Canciller firma primer acuerdo con Nigeria". 19 August 2003. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
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  61. ↑ "Bilateral relations - Date of Recognition and Establishment of Diplomatic Relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Croatia. Retrieved 5 February 2022.
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  63. ↑ "Štáty a teritóriá" (in Slovak). Retrieved 26 May 2023.
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  65. ↑ "Paraguay y República Árabe resuelven impulsar relaciones bilaterales". La Nación (in Spanish). 2011-08-19. Archived from the original on 2014-01-04. Retrieved 2012-03-15.
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  67. ↑ "States with Which the Republic of Uzbekistan Established Diplomatic Relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Retrieved 6 February 2025.
  68. ↑ "Rapporti bilaterali della Repubblica di San Marino" (in Italian). Retrieved 15 December 2021.
  69. ↑ "LIST OF COUNTRIES MAINTAINING DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH MONGOLIA" (PDF). p. 3. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 September 2022. Retrieved 21 December 2021.
  70. ↑ "Страны, установившие дипломатические отношения с Республикой Казахстан" (in Russian). Archived from the original on 20 February 2020. Retrieved 30 April 2022.
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  72. ↑ "Paraguay y Sudán entablan relaciones diplomáticas" (in Spanish). 11 May 2005. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
  73. ↑ "Paraguay entabla relaciones diplomáticas con Namibia" (in Spanish). 17 April 2006. Retrieved 30 April 2022.
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  78. ↑ "Paraguay y Gambia establecen relaciones diplomáticas" (in Spanish). 23 April 2010. Archived from the original on 15 July 2023. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
  79. ↑ 79.0 79.1 "Paraguay establece relaciones diplomáticas con Uganda". paraguay.com (in Spanish). 22 June 2010. Archived from the original on 12 April 2024. Retrieved 12 April 2024.
  80. ↑ "Paraguay y Malí establecen relaciones diplomáticas" (in Spanish). 28 June 2010. Archived from the original on 15 July 2023. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
  81. ↑ "Countries with which the Republic of Maldives has established Diplomatic Relations" (PDF). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Maldives. 11 May 2023. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 June 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2023.
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  83. ↑ "Countries with Established Diplomatic Relations with Samoa". Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade – Samoa. Archived from the original on 14 February 2020. Retrieved 19 August 2018.
  84. ↑ "Diplomatic Missions to the Principality of Liechtenstein". 1 July 2013. p. 20. Retrieved 9 September 2022.
  85. ↑ "Solomon Islands Diplomatic and Consular List". Ministry of Foreign Affairs and External Trade of Solomon Islands. 1 June 2020. pp. 36–38. Archived from the original on 12 August 2021. Retrieved 12 December 2020.
  86. ↑ "Bilateral relations". MFA Moldova. Archived from the original on 15 July 2023. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
  87. ↑ "Americas". Archived from the original on 9 August 2022. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
  88. ↑ "Список стран, с которыми КР установил дипломатические отношения" (in Russian). Retrieved 10 October 2021.
  89. ↑ "Etablissement de relations diplomatiques entre la Mauritanie et le Paraguay". Agence Mauritanienne d'information (in French). Retrieved 18 June 2023.
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  91. ↑ "Diplomatic Relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Saint Kitts and Nevis. Archived from the original on 7 April 2024. Retrieved 1 April 2021.
  92. ↑ "Dominica establishes diplomatic relations with Paraguay". 6 March 2015. Archived from the original on 20 August 2021. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
  93. ↑ "Embajada de la República Popular de Bangladesh". Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores Paraguay (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 9 June 2023. Retrieved 2 April 2026.
  94. ↑ "Embajada de la República de Guinea" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 16 July 2023. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
  95. ↑ "Paraguay y Ghana, estrechan relaciones para posibles negocios" (in Spanish). 14 May 2022. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
  96. ↑ "Paraguay establece relaciones diplomáticas con la República de Palaos" (in Spanish). 1 April 2022. Archived from the original on 1 April 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2022.
  97. ↑ "Paraguay acredita por primera vez un embajador ante Bahamas" (in Spanish). 19 June 2025. Retrieved 13 October 2025.
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  100. ↑ "General South African History Timeline". Sahistory.org.za. Archived from the original on 2007-11-01. Retrieved 2012-06-22.
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  102. ↑ "Ex-Paraguay ruler buried in exile (BBC)". BBC News. 2006-08-18. Retrieved 2012-06-22.
  103. ↑ "Consulate General of Argentina in Asuncion, Paraguay".
  104. ↑ "Bolivia and Paraguay agree border". BBC News. April 28, 2009. Retrieved May 2, 2010.
  105. ↑ "Brazil and Paraguay in power deal". BBC News. July 25, 2009. Retrieved May 2, 2010.
  106. ↑ "Brazil's Bolsonaro praises late Paraguay dictator Stroessner - ABC News". ABC News.
  107. ↑ "Paraguay | Visa Services Canada". Archived from the original on 2022-02-13. Retrieved 2022-02-13.
  108. ↑ "Embassy of Mexico in Asuncion (in Spanish)".
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  112. ↑ Logan, Sam; Flynn, Matthew (December 14, 2005). "U.S. Military Moves in Paraguay Rattle Regional Relations". International Relations Center. Archived from the original on 2007-06-12. Retrieved 26 October 2006.
  113. ↑ US Marines put a foot in Paraguay Archived 2009-03-27 at the Wayback Machine, El Clarín, September 9, 2005 (in Spanish)
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  116. ↑ Uruguayan embassy in Asunción (in Spanish only) Archived 2009-06-26 at the Wayback Machine
  117. ↑ "Venezuela, Paraguay resume talks about fuel debt - Daily News - EL UNIVERSAL". english.eluniversal.com. Archived from the original on July 28, 2013.
  118. ↑ "Paraguay cuts diplomatic ties with Venezuela after Maduro sworn in". Reuters. 10 January 2019.
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  121. ↑ "Embajador". Embassy of Paraguay in South Korea. Retrieved 2020-08-26.
  122. ↑ "領事部". Embassy of Paraguay in Japan. Archived from the original on 2020-04-20. Retrieved 2020-08-26.
  123. ↑ "Consulate General of Taiwan in Ciudad del Este, Paraguay". Archived from the original on 2009-11-18.
  124. ↑ Paraguay opens first Asian embassy in Taiwan, Summary of World Broadcasts: Asia, Pacific, Issues 3641-3653, British Broadcasting Corporation, 1999, page D-10
  125. ↑ "Embajadas" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-14. Retrieved 2012-06-22.
  126. ↑ "Embajada India". Mre.gov.py. Archived from the original on 2012-03-14. Retrieved 2012-06-22.
  127. ↑ "Mongolia and Paraguay sign visa waiver agreement".
  128. ↑ "Paraguayan FM: Ties with Turkey strengthen through further cooperation". The Daily Sabah. 22 January 2020.
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  150. ↑ "CIA World Factbook - Paraguay". Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on January 9, 2021. Retrieved 2011-03-10.
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