Foreign relations of Portugal
(Redirected from Transnational issues of Portugal)
Template:Politics of Portugal Foreign relations of Portugal are linked with its historical role as a major player in the Age of Discovery and the holder of the now defunct Portuguese Empire. Portugal is a European Union member country and a founding member of NATO. It is a committed proponent of European integration and transatlantic relations. Paulo Rangel is the current Minister of Foreign Affairs of Portugal.
Historical
[edit]Historically, the focus of Portuguese diplomacy has been to preserve its independence, vis-à-vis, the danger of annexation by Spain, and the maintenance of the Anglo-Portuguese Alliance, which officially came into being in 1386, and with the United Kingdom as a successor to England, it is still in place today.
Other goals have also been constant such as the political stability of the Iberian Peninsula and the affirmation of Portuguese interests in Europe and the Atlantic (also in the Indian and Pacific Oceans throughout different moments in history).
International organizations
[edit]Portugal was a founding member of NATO (1949), Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (1961), and European Free Trade Area (1960); it left the latter in 1986 to join the European Economic Community, which would become the European Union (EU) in 1993. In 1996, it co-founded the Community of Portuguese Language Countries (CPLP). The country is a member state of the United Nations since 1955.
Recently, the primacy of the United States and inter-governmental organizations such as NATO and the United Nations have also been paramount in the affirmation of Portugal abroad.
Portugal has been a significant beneficiary of the EU. It was among the top beneficiaries of the EU-15 between 1995 and 2004 (only behind Spain and Greece in absolute terms, and behind Ireland and Greece in a per capita basis).[1] Portugal is a proponent of European integration and held the presidency of the European Union for the second time during the first half of 2000, and again in the second half of 2007. Portugal used its term to launch a dialogue between the EU and Africa and to begin to take steps to make the European economy dynamic and competitive. In 2002, the euro began to circulate as Portugal's currency. José Sócrates, as Prime Minister of Portugal, presided over the rotative Presidency of the Council of the European Union for the period July–December 2007.[2] In this post, Sócrates and his team focused on the EU-Brazil (1st EU-Brazil summit) and EU-African Union (2007 Africa-EU Summit) relations, as well as in the approval of the Treaty of Lisbon.
Portugal was a founding member of NATO; it is an active member of the alliance by, for example, contributing proportionally large contingents in Balkan peacekeeping forces. Portugal proposed the creation of the Community of Portuguese Language Countries (CPLP) to improve its ties with other Portuguese-speaking countries. Additionally, Portugal has participated, along with Spain, in a series of Ibero-American Summit. Portugal held the chairmanship of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) for the year 2002. The chairman-in-office was Portuguese Foreign Minister António Martins da Cruz.
Disputes
[edit]Portugal holds claim to the disputed territory of Olivença on the Portugal-Spain border.
International visits
[edit]Diplomatic relations
[edit]List of countries which Portugal maintains diplomatic relations with:
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Bilateral relationships
[edit]Africa
[edit]| Country | Formal relations began | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| File:Flag of Algeria.svg Algeria | 7 March 1975[3] | |
| File:Flag of Angola.svg Angola | 9 March 1976[3] | See Angola–Portugal relations.
Portugal ruled Angola for 400 years,[56] colonizing the territory from 1483 until independence in 1975. Angola's war for independence did not end in a military victory for either side, but was suspended as a result of a coup in Portugal, that replaced the Caetano regime with a Military junta. |
| File:Flag of Cape Verde.svg Cape Verde | 18 July 1975[3] | See Cape Verde–Portugal relations
|
| Template:Country data Democratic Republic of Congo | 7 July 1960[3] |
|
| File:Flag of Egypt.svg Egypt | 24 November 1942[3] |
|
| File:Flag of Equatorial Guinea.svg Equatorial Guinea | 9 March 1977[3] |
|
| File:Flag of Ethiopia.svg Ethiopia | 1520[7] |
|
| File:Flag of Guinea-Bissau.svg Guinea-Bissau | 29 November 1974[3] | See Guinea-Bissau–Portugal relations |
| File:Flag of Côte d'Ivoire.svg Ivory Coast | 28 January 1975[3] |
|
| File:Flag of Libya.svg Libya | 1975[3] |
|
| File:Flag of Morocco.svg Morocco | 16 May 1955[3] | See Morocco–Portugal relations
|
| File:Flag of Mozambique.svg Mozambique | 25 June 1975[3] | See Mozambique–Portugal relations.
Mozambique gained independence from Portugal in 1975. |
| File:Flag of Nigeria.svg Nigeria | 10 July 1975[3] |
|
| Error creating thumbnail: São Tomé and Príncipe | 18 July 1975[3] | See Portugal–São Tomé and Príncipe relations.
|
| File:Flag of Senegal.svg Senegal | 2 September 1974[3] |
|
| File:Flag of South Africa.svg South Africa | February 1886[3] | See Portugal–South Africa relations.
|
| File:Flag of Tanzania.svg Tanzania | [3] |
|
| File:Flag of Tunisia.svg Tunisia | 21 May 1957[3] |
|
Americas
[edit]| Country | Formal relations began | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| File:Flag of Argentina.svg Argentina | 9 August 1852[3] | See Argentina–Portugal relations
|
| File:Flag of Belize.svg Belize | 9 December 1992[45] |
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 December 1992.[57] |
| File:Flag of Brazil.svg Brazil | 29 August 1825[3] | See Brazil–Portugal relations.
Relations between Brazil and Portugal have spanned over four centuries, beginning in 1532 with the establishment of São Vicente, the first Portuguese permanent settlement in the Americas, up to the present day.[58] Relations between the two are intrinsically tied because of the Portuguese Empire. They continue to be bound by a common language and ancestral lines in Portuguese Brazilians, which can be traced back hundreds of years.
|
| File:Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada | 12 April 1952[3] | See Canada–Portugal relations. |
| File:Flag of Chile.svg Chile | 28 February 1879[3] | See Chile–Portugal relations
|
| File:Flag of Colombia.svg Colombia | 9 April 1857[3] |
|
| File:Flag of Cuba.svg Cuba | 1929[3] |
|
| File:Flag of El Salvador.svg El Salvador | 15 March 1966[39] |
|
| File:Flag of Mexico.svg Mexico | 6 December 1879[3] | See Mexico–Portugal relations.
|
| File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama | 21 May 1904[18] |
|
| File:Flag of Peru.svg Peru | 26 March 1853[13] |
|
 United States |
13 May 1791[9] | See Portugal–United States relations.
Portugal was among the first nations to establish diplomatic ties with the United States. Contributing to the strong ties between the United States and Portugal are the 20,000 Americans living in Portugal and some sizable Portuguese communities in Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New Jersey, California, and Hawaii. The latest census estimates that 1.3 million individuals living in the United States are of Portuguese ancestry, with a large percentage coming from the Portuguese Autonomous region of the Azores.
|
| File:Flag of Uruguay.svg Uruguay | 16 October 1852[59] | See Portugal–Uruguay relations.
|
| File:Flag of Venezuela.svg Venezuela | 1914[3] |
Asia
[edit]| Country | Formal relations began | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| File:Flag of Armenia.svg Armenia | 25 May 1992[3] | See Armenia–Portugal relations.
|
| File:Flag of Azerbaijan.svg Azerbaijan | 4 August 1992[3] | See Azerbaijan-Portugal relations.
|
| File:Flag of Bahrain.svg Bahrain | 10 July 1976[3] | See Bahrain–Portugal relations.
Bahrain was ruled by the Portuguese Empire from 1521 until 1602, when they were expelled by Shah Abbas I of the Safavid dynasty. |
 China |
2 February 1979[47] | See China–Portugal relations. |
| File:Flag of India.svg India | 22 June 1949[3] | See India–Portugal relations.
|
| File:Flag of Indonesia.svg Indonesia | 4 January 1965[3] | See Indonesia–Portugal relations.
In 1999, Indonesia and Portugal restored diplomatic relations, which were broken off following the Indonesian invasion of East Timor in 1975.
|
| File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran | 1513[6] | See Portuguese–Safavid relations and Iran–Portugal relations
|
| File:Flag of Iraq.svg Iraq |
| |
| File:Flag of Israel.svg Israel | 12 May 1977[3] | See Israel–Portugal relations
The Estado Novo regime did not recognize Israel. Full diplomatic relations with the Israeli government were established in 1977, following the Portuguese revolution of 1974.[62]
|
 Japan |
3 August 1860[3] | See Japan–Portugal relations.
|
| File:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Kazakhstan | 19 August 1992[3] |
|
| File:Flag of North Korea.svg North Korea | 22 April 1975[3] | See Portugal–North Korea relations.
In 1975, North Korea and Portugal established diplomatic relations.[63] In 2017, Portugal cut diplomatic ties with North Korea.[64] |
| File:Flag of Pakistan.svg Pakistan | 4 November 1949[3] |
|
| File:Flag of the Philippines.svg Philippines | 4 July 1946[3] |
|
| File:Flag of Qatar.svg Qatar | 1 May 1982[3] |
|
| File:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg Saudi Arabia | 18 July 1980[3] |
|
| File:Flag of South Korea.svg South Korea | 15 April 1961[37] | See Portugal–South Korea relations
Although far apart in geographical terms, the known contacts between Portugal and Korea date from the beginning of the 17th century.
|
| Error creating thumbnail: Thailand | 10 February 1859[14] | See Portugal–Thailand relations
|
| File:Flag of East Timor.svg Timor-Leste | 20 May 2002[3] | See Portugal–Timor-Leste relations.
East Timor was an overseas territory of Portugal for over 400 years. Portugal was a strong advocate of independence for East Timor, which was occupied annexed by neighboring Indonesia between 1975 and 1999, and has committed troops and money to Timor-Leste, in close cooperation with the United Nations and Timor-Leste's Asian neighbors.
|
| File:Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey | 20 March 1843[3] | See Portugal–Turkey relations
Turkey's 161 years of political relations with Portugal date back to the Ottoman period when the Visconde do Seixal was appointed as an envoy to Istanbul. Diplomatic relations ceased during World War I and were re-established in the Republican period in 1926. A resident embassy was established in 1957.
|
| File:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg United Arab Emirates | 20 June 1976[3] | See Portugal–United Arab Emirates relations
|
| File:Flag of Vietnam.svg Vietnam | 1 July 1975[3] |
|
Europe
[edit]| Country | Formal relations began | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| File:Flag of Albania.svg Albania | 19 December 1939[3] | See Albania–Portugal relations. |
| File:Flag of Andorra.svg Andorra | 22 December 1994[69] | See Andorra–Portugal relations
|
| File:Flag of Austria.svg Austria | April 1696[3] | See Austria–Portugal relations
|
| File:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Belgium | July 1834[3] | See Belgium–Portugal relations
|
| File:Flag of Bulgaria.svg Bulgaria | 26 June 1974[3] | See Bulgaria–Portugal relations.
|
| File:Flag of Croatia.svg Croatia | 3 February 1992[3] |
|
| File:Flag of Cyprus.svg Cyprus | 5 March 1975[3] |
|
| File:Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Czech Republic | 1921 |
|
| File:Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark | 18 March 1641[8] | See Denmark–Portugal relations.
|
| File:Flag of Estonia.svg Estonia |
| |
| File:Flag of Finland.svg Finland | 10 January 1920[3] | See Finland–Portugal relations
|
| Error creating thumbnail: France | 1485[3] | See France–Portugal relations
Portuguese links to France have remained very strong and the country is considered one of Portugal's main political partners.
|
| File:Flag of Germany.svg Germany | 1871[3] | See Germany–Portugal relations
|
| Error creating thumbnail: Greece | 22 July 1835[12] | See Greece–Portugal relations
|
| File:Flag of the Vatican City.svg Holy See | 23 May 1179[3] | See Holy See–Portugal relations
|
| File:Flag of Hungary.svg Hungary | 1 July 1974[3] |
|
| File:Flag of Iceland.svg Iceland | 23 January 1948[28] |
|
| File:Flag of Ireland.svg Ireland | 1942[3] |
|
 Italy |
15 July 1872[3] | See Italy–Portugal relations
|
| File:Flag of Kosovo.svg Kosovo | 14 November 2011[55] | See Kosovo–Portugal relations.
Portugal recognized Kosovo on 7 October 2008.[70][71][72] Kosovo has formally announced its decision to open an embassy in Lisbon.[73] |
| File:Flag of Luxembourg.svg Luxembourg |
| |
| File:Flag of Malta.svg Malta | 22 July 1975[3] | See Malta–Portugal relations.
|
| Error creating thumbnail: Netherlands | February 1641[3] | See Netherlands–Portugal relations
|
| File:Flag of North Macedonia.svg North Macedonia | ||
| File:Flag of Norway.svg Norway | 17 March 1906[19] | |
| File:Flag of Poland.svg Poland | 13 May 1922[3] | See Poland–Portugal relations
|
| File:Flag of Romania.svg Romania | 27 August 1917[3] | See Portugal–Romania relations
|
| Error creating thumbnail: Russia | 24 October 1779[3] | See Portugal–Russia relations.
|
| File:Flag of Serbia.svg Serbia | 14 November 1882[3] | See Portugal–Serbia relations.
Portugal established diplomatic relations with the Kingdom of Serbia on 19 October 1917.[74] Relations continued with the successor Kingdom of Yugoslavia. The Portuguese recognized the government in exile of this state after the German occupation of 1941.[75] Relations with the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, which took power in 1945 after World War II, were only established in 1974 after the Portuguese Carnation Revolution.[76] Following the dissolution of SFR Yugoslavia during the Yugoslav wars, Portugal maintained relations with the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, later reconstituted as Serbia and Montenegro and finally as Serbia after Montenegro declared its independence in July 2006.[77] Portugal has an embassy in Belgrade. Serbia has an embassy in Lisbon.[77] In April 1999, Portugal participated in the NATO bombing of Serbia from the Aviano air base in Italy.[78] Portugal also provided troops as part of NATO peacekeeping efforts in the breakaway Serbian province of Kosovo in 1999.[79] In April 1999, Serbia filed a complaint with the International Court of Justice regarding Portugal's use of force in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.[80] As of 2007, Portugal still had about 300 troops in Kosovo.[81]
In the January–October 2006 period, bilateral trade between Serbia and Portugal were estimated at US$12.7 million.[77] |
| File:Flag of Spain.svg Spain | 5 October 1143[3] | See Portugal–Spain relations.
Historically, the two states were long-standing adversaries, but in recent years, they have enjoyed a much friendlier relationship and in 1986, they entered the European Union together. |
| File:Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden | 29 July 1641[3] | See Portugal–Sweden relations
|
| File:Flag of Switzerland.svg Switzerland | 5 November 1872[3] |
|
| File:Flag of Ukraine.svg Ukraine | 27 January 1992[3] | See Portugal–Ukraine relations.
|
 United Kingdom |
9 May 1386 | See Portugal–United Kingdom relations.
Portugal established diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 9 May 1386.[4]Template:Irrelevant citation
Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact,[100] the Council of Europe, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have the Anglo-Portuguese Alliance, and a Double Taxation Convention.[101] |
Oceania
[edit]| Country | Formal relations began | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| File:Flag of Australia (converted).svg Australia | 4 August 1960[3] | |
| File:Flag of New Zealand.svg New Zealand | 22 June 1976[3] |
|
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ↑ "Germany and Sweden largest net contributors to EU budget". euractiv.com. Archived from the original on 31 December 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2008.
- ↑ "EU Presidency". Archived from the original on 11 April 2011. Retrieved 16 May 2008.
- ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.17 3.18 3.19 3.20 3.21 3.22 3.23 3.24 3.25 3.26 3.27 3.28 3.29 3.30 3.31 3.32 3.33 3.34 3.35 3.36 3.37 3.38 3.39 3.40 3.41 3.42 3.43 3.44 3.45 3.46 3.47 3.48 3.49 3.50 3.51 3.52 3.53 3.54 3.55 3.56 3.57 3.58 3.59 3.60 3.61 3.62 3.63 3.64 3.65 3.66 3.67 "Países". Portal Diplomático (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2 July 2022.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Fundação Alexandre de Gusmão (2021). Legações e embaixadas do Brasil: história administrativa dos postos diplomáticos brasileiros de 1808 a 2020 (PDF) (in Portuguese). Brasília: Função Alexandre de Gusmão (FUNAG). p. 434. ISBN 978-85-7631-834-7. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 January 2025.
- ↑ "Nunciature to Portugal". Retrieved 7 January 2024.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Irão". Portal Diplomatico (in Portuguese). Retrieved 12 October 2023.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Narrative of the Portuguese embassy to Abyssinia during the years 1520-1527, by Father Francisco Alvarez. Tr. from the Portuguese, and ed., with notes and an introduction, by Lord Stanley of Adlerley". HathiTrust. Retrieved 20 November 2025.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Damião Peres, Manuel Paulo Merêa (1920). História de Portugal, segundo o programa oficial para as classes VI e VII do ensino secundário (in Portuguese). p. 215.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 "A Guide to the United States' History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: Portugal". Retrieved 7 July 2022.
- ↑ Suárez, José León (1920). Revista argentina de derecho internacional (in Spanish). p. 77.
- ↑ "Bélgica - Titulares". Portal Diplomático (in Portuguese). Retrieved 29 July 2024.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 "GREECE LIBERATED. Recognition and Establishment of Diplomatic and Consular Relations". Retrieved 7 July 2022.
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 The National Union Catalog, Pre-1956 Imprints: A Cumulative Author List Representing Library of Congress Printed Cards and Titles Reported by Other American Libraries, Bind 467. 1968. p. 150.
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 "สาธารณรัฐโปรตุเกส (Portugal)" (in Thai). Retrieved 4 July 2022.
- ↑ Annuario diplomatico del Regno d'Italia ... (in Italian). Italia : Ministero degli affari esteri. 1886. p. 57. Archived from the original on 16 November 2023. Retrieved 26 October 2023.
- ↑ Mario J. Gallego, Cosme (2014). "CONTEXTO HISTÓRICO E INTERNACIONAL DE LAS RELACIONES DIPLOMÁTICAS DE LA REPÚBLICA DOMINICANA CON ESPAÑA DURANTE LA SEGUNDA MITAD DEL SIGLO XIX1" (PDF) (in Spanish): 12. Cite journal requires
|journal=(help) - ↑ "Relaciones Diplomáticas de Guatemala" (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 July 2021.
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 "RELACIONES DIPLOMÁTICAS DE LA REPÚBLICA DE PANAMÁ" (PDF). p. 195. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 August 2020. Retrieved 30 November 2021.
- ↑ 19.0 19.1 "Norges opprettelse af diplomatiske forbindelser med fremmede stater" (PDF). regjeringen.no (in Norwegian). 27 April 1999. Retrieved 18 October 2021.
- ↑ Libro amarillo correspondiente al año ...: presentado al Congreso Nacional en sus sesiones ordinarias de ... por el titular despacho (in Spanish). Venezuela. Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores. 2003. pp. 528–529.
- ↑ "Memoria anual 2015" (PDF) (in Spanish). 2015. p. 23. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 May 2019.
- ↑ Pumprlová, Kristýna (2011). "Československo-portugalské vztahy ve 20. a 30. letech 20. století" (PDF) (in Czech). Retrieved 28 September 2023.
- ↑ "Áustria - Titulares". Portal Diplomático (in Portuguese). Retrieved 29 July 2024.
- ↑ Bulletin de l'Institut intermédiaire international Volume 13 (in French). Institut intermédiaire international (Hague, Netherlands), International Intermediary Institute. 1925. p. 292.
- ↑ "Relations between Türkiye and Portugal". Retrieved 15 December 2024.
- ↑ "África do Sul - Titulares" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 27 March 2026.
- ↑ "Dáil Éireann debate -Wednesday, 10 Feb 1960 Vol. 179 No. 1 Written Answers. - Irish Diplomatic Missions and Consular Offices". oireachtas.ie. Retrieved 19 October 2023.
- ↑ 28.0 28.1 "Iceland - Establishment of Diplomatic Relations". Government of Iceland. Retrieved 1 August 2021.
- ↑ João A. de Menezes (2020). The Portuguese Presence in India. Notion Press. ISBN 978-1-64850-629-1.
- ↑ Valmiki Faleiro (2023). Goa, 1961 The Complete Story of Nationalism and Integration. Penguin Random House India Private Limited. p. 1948. ISBN 978-93-5708-175-7.
- ↑ "Portugal, Indonesia celebrate 10 years of new friendship". TheJakartaPost. 26 June 2009. Retrieved 27 December 2024.
- ↑ "Länder" (in German). Retrieved 23 July 2023.
- ↑ "Sri Lanka - Titulares". Portal Diplomático (in Portuguese). Retrieved 29 July 2024.
- ↑ "Fonds Jacques Belin, Albums Maroc, série numérique 1941-1961" (PDF). archivesdiplomatiques.diplomatie.gouv.fr (in French). p. 159. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 November 2023. Retrieved 24 March 2025.
- ↑ "Nicarágua - Titulares". Portal Diplomático (in Portuguese). Retrieved 22 July 2022.
- ↑ "Madagáscar - Titulares". Portal Diplomático (in Portuguese).
- ↑ 37.0 37.1 "[Friends for decades] Korea-Portugal relations no longer require a map". 14 April 2021. Retrieved 4 July 2022.
- ↑ "Ordem de Malta" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 9 July 2022.
- ↑ 39.0 39.1 "PAISES CON LOS CUALES EL SALVADOR TIENERELACIONES DIPLOMATICAS" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 15 January 2025. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
- ↑ "Jordânia - Titulares". Portal Diplomático (in Portuguese). Retrieved 29 July 2024.
- ↑ Sierra Leone 12 Years of Economic Achievement and Political Consolidation Under the APC and Dr. Siaka Stevens, 1968-1980. Sierra Leone. Office of the President. 1980. p. 272.
- ↑ "Portugal cuts diplomatic ties with N. Korea: report". The Korea Herald. 11 October 2017. Retrieved 9 March 2024.
- ↑ "New Portuguese Ambassador to Seychelles Accredited". 27 March 2018. Retrieved 5 July 2022.
- ↑ "Diplomatic relations". Archived from the original on 14 October 2022. Retrieved 13 May 2022.
- ↑ 45.00 45.01 45.02 45.03 45.04 45.05 45.06 45.07 45.08 45.09 45.10 45.11 45.12 45.13 45.14 45.15 45.16 45.17 45.18 45.19 45.20 45.21 45.22 45.23 45.24 45.25 "Diplomatic relations between Portugal and ..." United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 5 July 2022.
- ↑ Daily Report: Western Europe - Issues 128-137. Foreign Broadcast Information Service. 1978.
- ↑ 47.0 47.1 Wan, Po-San; Zheng, Victor (2013). Gambling Dynamism: The Macao Miracle. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 50.
- ↑ "LIST OF COUNTRIES WITH WHICH BARBADOS HAS DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS BY REGIONS". Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade (Barbados). Archived from the original on 13 August 2017. Retrieved 25 March 2021.
- ↑ "République Portugaise" (in French).
- ↑ "Liechtenstein - Titulares". Portal Diplomático (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 20 July 2018. Retrieved 24 July 2024.CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
- ↑ "LIST OF MEMBER STATES OF THE UNITED NATIONS (193) HAVING DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH CAMBODIA". mfaic.gov.kh. Retrieved 2 October 2021.
- ↑ "Список стран, с которыми КР установил дипломатические отношения" (in Russian). Retrieved 10 October 2021.
- ↑ "Bilateral relations". MFA Moldova. Archived from the original on 24 June 2021. Retrieved 31 July 2021.
- ↑ "Rapport de Politique Extérieure 2007" (in French). p. 44. Retrieved 11 October 2020.
- ↑ 55.0 55.1 Gëzim Visoka (2018). Acting Like a State: Kosovo and the Everyday Making of Statehood. Abingdon: Routledge. pp. 219–221. ISBN 9781138285330.
- ↑ Alker, Hayward R.; Ted Robert Gurr; Kumar Rupesinghe (2001). Journeys Through Conflict: Narratives and Lessons. p. 204.
- ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 December 2017. Retrieved 6 December 2018.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- ↑ "Culture of Portugal". everyculture.com. Retrieved 29 November 2010.
- ↑ Tratados y convenios internacionales: Suscritos por el Uruguay en el período mayo de 1830 a diciembre de 1870 (in Spanish). República Oriental del Uruguay, Cámara de Senadores. 1993. p. 513.
- ↑ Armenian Ministry of Foreign Affairs: direction of Armenians embassies around the world Archived 4 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ "Armenians embassies around the world". Armenian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 4 March 2009. Retrieved 10 May 2009.
- ↑ Communiqué issued on 18 July 1977 by the Permanent Mission of Portugal to the United Nations Archived 22 February 2014 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ "현재 북한과 교류하는 나라와 독재국가". kin.naver.com.
- ↑ Herald, The Korea (11 October 2017). "Portugal cuts diplomatic ties with N. Korea: report". koreaherald.com.
- ↑ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea". Archived from the original on 24 December 2013. Retrieved 15 November 2015.
- ↑ "Embaixada de Portugal na Coreia do Sul". Archived from the original on 21 March 2019. Retrieved 15 May 2019.
- ↑ "주 포르투갈 대한민국 대사관".
- ↑ Përfaqësitë Diplomatike Shqiptare në Botë Archived 2 June 2012 at the Wayback Machine, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Albania (in Albanian)
- ↑ "Diplomatic relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Andorra. Retrieved 3 July 2021.
- ↑ "Comunicado de Imprensa – Kosovo" (in Portuguese). Ministério dos Negócios Estrangeriros. 7 October 2008. Archived from the original on 21 October 2008. Retrieved 7 October 2008.
- ↑ "Anunciou Luís Amado: Portugal reconhece hoje independência do Kosovo". Publico (in Portuguese). Lisbon: Publico. 7 October 2008. Archived from the original on 22 January 2009. Retrieved 7 October 2008.
- ↑ "Portugal recognises independent Kosovo" newkosovareport.com 7 October 2008 Link accessed 07/10/08
- ↑ "Diplomatic Missions of Kosovo Abroad (Albanian)" Archived 7 February 2009 at the Wayback Machine Kosovan Ministry of Foreign Affairs Link accessed 01/10/09
- ↑ Gerhard Schulz (1972). Revolutions and peace treaties, 1917–1920. Methuen. p. 35.
- ↑ Ahmet Đonlagić; Žarko Atanacković; Dušan Plenča (1967). Yugoslavia in the Second World War. Međunarodna štampa—Interpress. p. 41.
- ↑ Lester A. Sobel; Christ Hunt (1976). Portuguese revolution, 1974–76. Facts on File. p. 76. ISBN 0-87196-223-3.
- ↑ 77.0 77.1 77.2 77.3 "BILATERAL POLITICAL RELATIONS". Serbian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 19 May 2011. Retrieved 4 August 2009.
- ↑ "Operação "Allied Force "" (in Portuguese). Caleida. Archived from the original on 18 November 2007. Retrieved 5 August 2009.
- ↑ "NATO-member Portugal wants to withdraw troops from Kosovo". International Action Center (New York). 24 October 2000. Archived from the original on 29 January 2009. Retrieved 4 August 2009.
- ↑ "THE APPLICATION OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF YUGOSLAVIA AGAINST PORTUGAL FOR VIOLATION OF THE OBLIGATION NOT TO USE FORCE" (PDF). International Court of Justice. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 June 2011. Retrieved 5 August 2009.
- ↑ "FACTBOX-NATO's Kosovo peace force". Reuters. 24 September 2007. Archived from the original on 5 June 2020. Retrieved 5 August 2009.
- ↑ "PRESIDENT MILOSEVIC RECEIVES PORTUGUESE FOREIGN MINISTER". Hellenic Resources Network. 23 December 1997. Archived from the original on 5 June 2011. Retrieved 4 August 2009.
- ↑ "OSCE Chairman-in-Office visits Belgrade and Podgorica". OSCE. 18 February 2002. Retrieved 4 August 2009.[dead link]
- ↑ "Serbia-Montenegro, Portugal to promote military cooperation". Xinhua News Agency. 25 July 2005. Retrieved 4 August 2009.[dead link]
- ↑ "Portugal pledges support for Serbia's EU ambitions". People's Daily Online. 18 May 2007. Retrieved 4 August 2009.
- ↑ "Kostunica On Visit To Lisbon, Berlin". eYugoslavia. 16 July 2007. Archived from the original on 13 January 2010. Retrieved 4 August 2009.
- ↑ "Portugal reconhece hoje independência do Kosovo". PÚBLICO Comunicação Social SA. 7 October 2008. Archived from the original on 22 January 2009. Retrieved 4 August 2009.
- ↑ "Portugal favors unfreezing of trade deal". B92 Radio (Serbia). 25 November 2008. Archived from the original on 7 June 2011. Retrieved 4 August 2009.
- ↑ "Serbia is Strengthening its Cooperation Links in S&T". European Community's Programme for International Cooperation. 16 November 2008. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 6 August 2009.
- ↑ "Diplomatic Diary". SE Times. 17 February 2009. Retrieved 4 August 2009.
- ↑ "Serbia, Portugal in defense cooperation". B92 Radio (Serbia). 14 February 2009. Archived from the original on 7 June 2011. Retrieved 4 August 2009.
- ↑ "Serbia, Portugal must improve bilateral cooperation". Government of Serbia. 22 June 2009. Retrieved 4 August 2009.
- ↑ "Embassy of Portugal in Madrid". Archived from the original on 28 October 2020. Retrieved 8 March 2020.
- ↑ "Embassy of Spain in Lisbon". Archived from the original on 6 May 2021. Retrieved 8 March 2020.
- ↑ "Посольство України в Португальській Республіці". Archived from the original on 4 August 2012. Retrieved 20 February 2015.
- ↑ United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs. "Trends in International Migrant Stock: Migrants by Destination and Origin, Table 16. Total migrant stock at mid-year by origin and by major area, region, country or area of destination, 2015". United Nations Population Division, Department of Economic and Social Affairs. United Nations. Retrieved 23 January 2018.
- ↑ Script error: No such module "cite".
- ↑ "General information". Embassy of Portugal in the United Kingdom. Archived from the original on 14 March 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
- ↑ "British Embassy Lisbon". GOV.UK. Archived from the original on 3 June 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
- ↑ Politi, James (19 September 2023). "US unveils Atlantic co-operation pact". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 19 January 2024. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
- ↑ Script error: No such module "cite".
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