1293
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Template:About year Template:Year nav Template:C13 year in topicYear 1293 (MCCXCIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar.
Events
[edit | edit source]By area
[edit | edit source]Africa
[edit | edit source]- December – Mamluk sultan of Egypt Khalil is assassinated by his regent Baydara, who briefly claims the sultanate, before being assassinated himself by a rival political faction.[1]
Asia
[edit | edit source]- May 26 – An earthquake in Kamakura, Japan kills an estimated 23,000.[2]
- May 31 – The forces of Raden Wijaya win a major victory in the Mongol invasion of Java, which is considered to be the founding date of the city of Surabaya.
- The Japanese era Shōō ends, and the Einin era begins.[3]
- Kublai Khan sends a fleet to the islands of Southeast Asia, including Java.[4]
- The Hindu Majapahit Empire is founded by Kertarajasa in Java. It benefits from internal conflict and Mongol intervention, to defeat the Singhasari Kingdom and establish the empire.[5]
Europe
[edit | edit source]- Torkel Knutsson leads Sweden in beginning the Third Swedish Crusade, against unchristianized Finnish Karelia.[6] In the same year, the construction of Vyborg Castle begins, by orders of Knutsson.[7]
- The Ordinances of Justice are enacted in the Commune of Florence.[8]
- The Isle of Wight is sold to King Edward I of England by Isabella de Forz, Countess of Devon, on her deathbed, for 6,000 marks.[9]
By topic
[edit | edit source]Arts and culture
[edit | edit source]- Dante Alighieri completes the book of verse La Vita Nuova.[10]
Education
[edit | edit source]- May 20 – King Sancho IV of Castile creates a Studium General in Alcalá de Henares, forerunner to the modern Complutense University of Madrid.[11]
Religion
[edit | edit source]- January – Ignatius bar Wahib becomes Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Mardin.[12]
Births
[edit | edit source]- October 12 – Margaret de Clare, English noblewoman (d. 1342)[13]
- Felim McHugh O'Connor (Feidhlimid Ó Conchobair), Irish King of Connacht (d. 1316)[14]
- Philip VI of France (d. 1350)[15]
- c.1293–94 – John of Ruysbroeck, Brabantian mystic (d. 1381)[16]
Deaths
[edit | edit source]- May 2 – Meir of Rothenburg, German rabbi (b. c.1215)[17]
- June 29 – Henry of Ghent, philosopher (b. c.1217)[18]
- November 10 – Isabel de Forz, 8th Countess of Devon (b. 1237)[19]
- December 14 – Al-Ashraf Khalil, Mamluk sultan of Egypt (assassinated)[20]
- David VI Narin, King of Georgia (b. 1225)[21]
- Approximate date – William of Rubruck, Flemish Franciscan missionary (b. c.1220)[22]
References
[edit | edit source]- ↑ Rabbat, Nasser O. (1995). The Citadel of Cairo: A New Interpretation of Royal Mameluk Architecture. Leiden, New York, Köln: BRILL. p. 181. ISBN 9789004101241.
- ↑ Hattori, J. (April 4, 1878). "Destructive Earthquakes of Japan". The Japan Mail: A fortnightly summary of intelligence from Japan, for transmission to Europe and the United States, via Suez and San Francisco. p. 178. Retrieved February 24, 2019.
- ↑ Nagayama, Kōkan (1997) [1995]. The Connoisseur's Book of Japanese Swords. Tokyo, New York, London: Kodansha International. p. 164. ISBN 9784770020710.
- ↑ Minahan, James (2012). Ethnic Groups of South Asia and the Pacific: An Encyclopedia. Santa Barbara, CA, Denver, CO, Oxford: ABC-CLIO. p. 109. ISBN 9781598846591.
- ↑ Ooi, Keat Gin (2004). Southeast Asia: A Historical Encyclopedia, from Angkor Wat to East Timor. Santa Barbara, CA, Denver, CO, Oxford: ABC-CLIO. pp. 822–824. ISBN 9781576077702.
- ↑ Goss, Glenda Dawn (2009). Sibelius: A Composer's Life and the Awakening of Finland. Chicago, London: University of Chicago Press. p. 152. ISBN 9780226304793.
- ↑ Vyborg Castle, Vyborg, Russia – Spotting History
- ↑ Pugh Rupp, Teresa (2008). ""If You Want Peace, Work for Justice": Dino Compagni's Cronica and the Ordinances of Justice". In Peterson, David S.; Bornstein, Daniel E. (eds.). Florence and Beyond: Culture, Society and Politics in Renaissance Italy : Essays in Honour of John M. Najemy. Toronto: Centre for Reformation and Renaissance Studies. p. 323. ISBN 9780772720382.
- ↑ Adams, William Henry Davenport (1856). The History, Topography, and Antiquities of the Isle of Wight. Described and Illustrated. [With Plates and a Map.]. London: Smith, Elder & Company. pp. 18–19.
- ↑ Spinozzi, Paola (2009). "Journeying Through Translation: Dante among the Victorians, Dante Gabriel Rossetti in Medieval Italy". In Orestano, Francesca; Frigerio, Francesca (eds.). Strange Sisters: Literature and Aesthetics in the Nineteenth Century. Oxford, Bern: Peter Lang. p. 77. ISBN 9783039118403.
- ↑ Rashdall, Hastings (2010) [1895]. The Universities of Europe in the Middle Ages: Volume 2, Part 1, Italy, Spain, France, Germany, Scotland, Etc. 2. Cambridge, New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 99. ISBN 9781108018111.
- ↑ Barsoum, Ephrem (2008). History of the Za'faran Monastery. Translated by Matti Moosa. Gorgias Press. p. 48.
- ↑ Hammond, Peter; Cokayne, George Edward (1998). The complete peerage, or a history of the House of Lords and all its members from the earliest times by G.E.C., revised and much enlarged : addenda & corrigenda. XIV. Sutton. ISBN 9780750901543.
- ↑ Byrne, Vincent (2003). The Hidden Annals: A Thousand Years of the Kingdom of Connaught 366-1385. Universal-Publishers. ISBN 9781581125689.
- ↑ Nolan, Cathal J. (2006). The Age of Wars of Religion, 1000-1650: An Encyclopedia of Global Warfare and Civilization. 2. Westport, CN and London: Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 893. ISBN 9780313337345.
- ↑ Rogers, Eugene F. Jr. (2009). "John Ruusbroec, from The Spiritual Espousals". The Holy Spirit: Classic and Contemporary Readings. Chicester and Singapore: John Wiley & Sons. p. 272. ISBN 9781405136235.
- ↑ Kanarfogel, Ephraim (2000). Peering Through the Lattices: Mystical, Magical, and Pietistic Dimensions in the Tosafist Period. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University Press. p. 221. ISBN 9780814325315.
- ↑ Stone, M. W. F. (2003). "Henry of Ghent on Freedom and Human Action". In Decorte, Jos; Guldentops, Guy; Steel, Carlos G. (eds.). Henry of Ghent and the Transformation of Scholastic Thought: Studies in Memory of Jos Decorte. Leuven, Belgium: Leuven University Press. p. 201. ISBN 9789058673299.
- ↑ Legg, Katrina (2004). Bolton Priory: Its Patrons and Benefactors 1120-1293. Borthwick Papers. 106. York: Borthwick Publications. p. 11. ISBN 9781904497134.
- ↑ Haag, Michael (2012). The Tragedy of the Templars: The Rise and Fall of the Crusader States. Suffolk: Profile. pp. 241. ISBN 9781847658548.
1293 Al-Ashraf Khalil.
- ↑ Montpéreux, Frédéric Dubois de (1839). Voyage autour du Caucase, chez les Tcherkesses et les Abkhases, en Colchide, en Géorgie, en Arménie et en Crimée (in French). II. Paris: Librairie de Gide. p. 164.
- ↑ Ruysbroeck, Willem van; Pian de Carpine, John of (1998) [1900]. The Journey of William of Rubruck to the Eastern Parts of the World, 1253-55: As Narrated by Himself with Two Accounts of the Earlier Journey of John of Pian de Carpine. Translated by Woodville Rockhill, William. New Delhi, Madras: Asian Educational Services. ISBN 9788120613386.