1626
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Events
[edit | edit source]January–March
[edit | edit source]- January 7 – Polish-Swedish War: Battle of Wallhof in Latvia – Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden, defeats a Polish army.
- January 9 – Peter Minuit sails from Texel Island for America's New Netherland colony, with two ships of Dutch emigrants.
- February 2 – King Charles I of England is crowned, but without his wife, Henrietta Maria, who declines to participate in a non-Catholic ceremony.[1]
- February 5 – The Huguenot rebels and the French government sign the Treaty of Paris, ending the second Huguenot rebellion.
- February 10 – Battle of Ningyuan: In Xingcheng in China, after an 8-day battle, Ming dynasty commander Yuan Chonghuan defeats the much larger force of Manchu leader Nurhaci, who dies soon after and is succeeded by Huang Taiji.
- February 11 – Emperor Susenyos of Ethiopia and Patriarch Afonso Mendes declare the primacy of the Roman See over the Ethiopian Church, and Roman Catholicism the state religion of Ethiopia.
- March 5 – The Treaty of Monzón is signed between France and Spain to end the Valtellina War and the First Genoese-Savoyard War.
- March 7 – Ambrósio I Nimi a Nkanga becomes the new monarch of Kongo (in what is now Angola) after the overthrow of Garcia I Mvemba a Nkanga, restoring the Kwilu dynasty to power.
- March 15 – Portugal declares war on Queen Nzinga of the Kingdom of Ndongo, located in what is now Angola.[2][3]
- A dam failure causes the sudden flooding of the mining city of Potosí in present-day Bolivia leading to the death of thousands and the massive release of toxic mercury into the environment.[4][5]
April–June
[edit | edit source]- April 25 – Thirty Years' War: Battle of Dessau Bridge – Albrecht von Wallenstein defeats Ernst von Mansfelds army.
- May 4 – Peter Minuit becomes director-general of New Netherland, for the Dutch West India Company.
- May 24 – Peter Minuit buys Manhattan from a Native American tribe (Lenape or Shinnecock) for trade goods, valued at 60 guilders ($1,143 U.S. dollars as of 2020).
- May 30 – Wanggongchang Explosion in Beijing, China: a gunpowder factory explosion destroys part of the city and kills 20,000 people.[6]
- June 15 – King Charles I of England dissolves the English Parliament.[7]
- June 20 – Nine Jesuit Christian missionaries, six of them Japanese and three from Spain, are executed in Japan, followed by eight Japanese converts to Christianity on July 12.
- June 28 – A 7.0 magnitude earthquake strikes Lingqiu County, in China, killing 5,200 residents.
July–September
[edit | edit source]- July 4 – The Ottoman Army halts its attempt to retake Baghdad from the Persians, after having lost it in 1624.
- July 27 – George II becomes the new Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt upon the death of his father, Louis V.
- August 1 – Eighty Years' War: Ernst Casimir of Nassau-Dietz retakes Oldenzaal, forcing Spain to withdraw from Overijssel.
- August 27 – Thirty Years' War: Battle of Lutter – Tilly defeats King Christian IV of Denmark's army.[8]
- September 30 – Nurhaci, chief of the Jurchens and founder of the Qing dynasty, dies and is succeeded by his son Hong Taiji.
October–December
[edit | edit source]- November 6 (O.S.) – The ship Arms of Amsterdam arrives in Europe from New Netherland (left September 23) with the news: "They have purchased the Island Manhattes [Manhattan] from the Indians for the value of 60 guilders."[9]
- November 18 – The new St Peter's Basilica in the Vatican is consecrated, on the 1,300th anniversary of the previous church in 326.
- December 1 – Pasha Muhammad ibn Farukh, tyrannical Governor of Jerusalem, is forced out.
- December 20 – Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor and Transylvanian monarch Bethlen Gabor sign the Peace of Pressburg.
Date unknown
[edit | edit source]- 1626 influenza pandemic begins in Asia, then spreads into Europe, Africa, North America,[10][11] and South America.[10]
- The Würzburg and Bamberg witch trials, which will lead to the mass executions of hundreds of people until 1630/31, begin.
- Samuel de Champlain decides to build Cap tourmente (Kap toor-mont) Farm to raise livestock to provide food for settlers in Quebec, rather than depending on supplies sent from France.[12]
- Establishment of the coastal settlement of Salem, Massachusetts.[13]
Births
[edit | edit source]
January–March
[edit | edit source]- January 9 – Armand Jean le Bouthillier de Rancé, French founder of the Trappist Order (d. 1700)
- January 13 – Johann Philipp of Hanau-Lichtenberg, German nobleman (d. 1669)
- January 25 – Edward Evelyn, British politician (d. 1692)
- February 5 – Marie de Rabutin-Chantal, marquise de Sévigné, French aristocrat and writer (d. 1696)[14]
- February 7 – Fabian von Fersen, Swedish soldier and statesman (d. 1677)
- February 18 – Francesco Redi, Italian physician (d. 1697)
- March 3 – John Hele, English politician (d. 1661)
- March 9 – Lorentz Mortensen Angell, Norwegian merchant and landowner (d. 1697)
- March 10 – Cornelis Van Caukercken, Flemish engraver, printseller (d. 1680)
- March 12 – John Aubrey, English antiquary and writer (d. 1697)[15]
- March 16 – Cornelius Van Steenwyk, American politician (d. 1684)
- March 21 – Peter of Saint Joseph Betancur, Spanish Catholic saint, missionary to Guatemala (d. 1667)
- March 30 – Atto Melani, Italian opera singer (d. 1714)
April–June
[edit | edit source]- April 16 – Robert Harley, English politician (d. 1673)[16]
- April 10 – Franz Egon of Fürstenberg, German count in the Holy Roman Empire (d. 1682)
- April 23 – Maurice Henry, Prince of Nassau-Hadamar (1653–1679) (d. 1679)
- April 25 – Sigmund von Birken, German Baroque poet (d. 1681)
- May 10 – Jan Jacobszoon Hinlopen, Dutch art collector and merchant (d. 1666)
- May 12 – Louis Hennepin, Roman Catholic priest, missionary of the Franciscan Recollet Order (French (d. 1704)
- May 14 – Willem Joseph van Ghent, Dutch admiral (d. 1672)
- May 16 – Andrea Carlone, Italian painter (d. 1697)
- May 17 – Countess Palatine Eleonora Catherine of Zweibrücken, sister of King Charles X of Sweden (d. 1692)
- May 21 – Wolfgang Carl Briegel, German organist and composer (d. 1712)
- May 27 – William II, Prince of Orange (d. 1650)
- June 8 – William Wentworth, 2nd Earl of Strafford, member of England's House of Lords (d. 1695)
- June 9 – Sir John Newton, 2nd Baronet, English Member of Parliament (d. 1699)
- June 18 – John Mordaunt, 1st Viscount Mordaunt, English politician (d. 1675)
- June 29 – Jeffrey Daniel, English politician (d. 1681)
July–September
[edit | edit source]- July 15
- Christiane Sehested, daughter of King Christian IV of Denmark, and his morganatic spouse Kirsten Munk (d. 1670)
- Hedevig Ulfeldt, daughter of King Christian IV of Denmark and Kirsten Munk (d. 1678)
- July 17 – Henriette Marie of the Palatinate, German noble (d. 1651)
- August 1
- Charles le Moyne de Longueuil et de Châteauguay, French colonist, interpreter (d. 1685)
- Sabbatai Zevi, Sephardic Rabbi (d. 1676)
- August 5 – Richard Ottley, English politician (d. 1670)
- August 12 – Giovanni Legrenzi, Italian composer (d. 1690)[17]
- September 7 – Maria Klara of Dietrichstein, German noblewoman (d. 1667)
- September 16 – Leopold Wilhelm of Baden-Baden, Imperial Field Marshal (d. 1671)
- September 27 – William Douglas, 2nd Lord Mordington, eldest son and heir of Sir James Douglas (d. 1671)
- September 28 – Elizabeth Maitland, Duchess of Lauderdale, influential British noblewoman (d. 1698)
October–December
[edit | edit source]- October 4 – Richard Cromwell, Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland (d. 1712)[18]
- October 5 – George II, Duke of Württemberg-Montbéliard (1662–1699) (d. 1699)
- October 17 – Samuel Danforth, American Puritan minister, preacher, poet, astronomer, missionary (d. 1674)
- October 23 – Francis Marsh, Irish bishop (d. 1693)
- November 8
- Matthew Marvin, Jr., Connecticut settler (d. 1712)
- César-Pierre Richelet, French grammarian and lexicographer (d. 1698)
- November 30 – Cesare Pronti, Italian painter (d. 1708)
- December 8 – Queen Christina of Sweden (d. 1689)
- December 10 – George Christian, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg (1669–1671) (d. 1677)
- December 12 – Giovanni Francesco Ginetti, nephew of Cardinal Marzio Ginetti (d. 1691)
- December 18 – William Stanhope, English politician (d. 1703)
- December 20 – Veit Ludwig von Seckendorff, German statesman (d. 1692)
- December 21 – Francis Scott, 2nd Earl of Buccleuch, son of Walter Scott (d. 1651)
- December 31 – Ladislaus, Count Esterházy, Hungarian noble (d. 1652)
Deaths
[edit | edit source]
- January 2 – Maria Buynosova-Rostovskaya (b. 1590)
- January 19 – Ruqaiya Sultan Begum (b. 1542)
- January 23 – Decio Carafa, Archbishop of Naples who had previously served as papal nuncio to the Spanish Netherlands (1606–1607) and to Habsburg Spain (1607–1611) (b. 1556)
- January 24 – Samuel Argall, English adventurer and naval officer (b. 1580)
- c. January? – Patrick Galloway, Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland (b. c. 1551)
- February 7 – William V, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1548)
- February 11 – Pietro Cataldi, Italian mathematician (b. 1552)
- February 20 – John Dowland, English composer and lutenist (b. 1563)[19]
- February 21 – Odoardo Farnese, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1573)
- March 3 – William Cavendish, 1st Earl of Devonshire, England (b. 1552)
- March 10 – John Dormer, English Member of Parliament (b. 1556)
- March 19 – Pierre Coton, French Jesuit and royal confessor (b. 1564)
- April 5 – Anna Koltovskaya (b. c. 1552)
- April 9 – Francis Bacon, English scientist and statesman (b. 1561)[20]
- April 11 – Marino Ghetaldi, Croatian mathematician and physicist (b. 1568)
- May 4 – Arthur Lake, Bishop of Bath and Wells, English bishop, Bible translator (b. 1569)
- May 17 – Joan Pau Pujol, Catalan composer (b. 1570)
- May 28 – Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Suffolk (b. 1561)[21]
- June 7 – Anne of Saint Bartholomew, Spanish Discalced Carmelite nun (b. 1550)
- June 16
- Albert, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg, joint ruler of Nassau-Dillenburg 1623–1626 (b. 1596)
- Christian, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Wolfenbüttel, German Protestant military leader (b. 1599)
- June 29 – Scipione Cobelluzzi, Italian cardinal and archivist (b. 1564)
- June 30 – Honda Tadatoki (b. 1596)
- July 13 – Robert Sidney, 1st Earl of Leicester, English statesman (b. 1563)[22]
- July 15 – Isabella Brant, Flemish artists' model, first wife of painter Peter Paul Rubens (b. 1591)
- July 19 – Elizabeth of Denmark, Duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, German regent (b. 1573)
- July 27 – Louis V, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt (b. 1577)
- August 13 – Maria of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Duchess Consort of Saxe-Lauenburg (1582–1619) (b. 1566)
- August 15 – Girolamo Asteo, Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Veroli (1608–1626) (b. 1562)
- August 23 – Francesco Cereo de Mayda, Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Lavello (1621–1626) (b. 1568)
- August 25 – Alfonso Pozzi, Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Borgo San Donnino (1620–1626) (b. 1582)
- August 28 – Isabella of Savoy, Italian noble (b. 1591)
- September 2 – Antonio Franco, Italian Catholic bishop, prelate of Santa Lucia del Mela (b. 1585)
- September 16 – Denis-Simon de Marquemont, French cardinal and archbishop (b. 1572)
- September 17 – Johann Schweikhard von Kronberg, Archbishop-Elector of Mainz from 1604 to 1626 (b. 1553)
- September 21 – François de Bonne, Duke of Lesdiguières, Constable of France (b. 1543)
- September 22 – Aodh Mac Cathmhaoil, Irish Franciscan theologian and Archbishop of Armagh (b. 1571)
- September 25 – Lancelot Andrewes, English scholar (b. 1555)[23]
- September 26 – Wakisaka Yasuharu, Japanese warrior (b. 1554)
- September 30 – Nurhaci, Chinese chieftain (b. 1559)
- October 1 – Lady Abahai (b. 1590)
- October 2 – Diego Sarmiento de Acuña, 1st Count of Gondomar, Spanish diplomat (b. 1567)
- October 10
- William Hockmere, English politician (b. 1581)
- Abraham Schadaeus, German music editor (b. 1566)[24]
- October 13 – Domingo de Oña, Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Gaeta (1605–1626) (b. 1560)
- October 28 – Muhammad Parviz, Mughal emperor (b. 1589)
- October 29 – Ferdinando Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1587)
- October 30 – Willebrord Snell, Dutch astronomer and mathematician (b. 1580)
- November 21 – Anna Maria of Hesse-Kassel, countess consort of Nassau-Saarbrücke (b. 1567)
- November 25 – Edward Alleyn, English actor (b. 1566)
- November 29 – Ernst von Mansfeld, German soldier (b. c. 1580)
- December 6 – John Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Weimar, German duke (b. 1594)
- December 8 – John Davies, English poet and politician (b. 1569)[25]
- December 10 – Edmund Gunter, English mathematician (b. 1581)
- December 28
- Gábor Esterházy (1580–1626), Hungarian noble (b. 1580)
- Juraj V Zrinski, Ban of Croatia (b. 1599)
References
[edit | edit source]- ↑ Eugene M. Waith (1988). Patterns and Perspectives in English Renaissance Drama. University of Delaware Press. p. 180. ISBN 978-0-87413-325-7.
- ↑ Heywood, Linda M. (2017). Njinga of Angola: Africa's warrior queen. Cambridge, Massachusetts ; London, England: Harvard University Press. pp. 70–74. ISBN 978-0-674-97182-0.
- ↑ Irvine, Amy (May 15, 2023). "Queen Nzinga: A Trailblazing African Female Leader". History Hit. Retrieved January 28, 2026.
- ↑ Gioda, Alain; Serrano, Carlos; Forenza, Ana (2002). "Les ruptures de barrages dans le monde: un nouveau bilan de Potosi (1626, Bolivie)" [Dam collapses in the world: a new estimation of the Potosi disaster (1626, Bolivia)]. La Houille Blanche (in French). 88 (4/5): 165–170. Bibcode:2002LHBl...88..165G. doi:10.1051/lhb/2002078.
- ↑ Serrano Bravo, Carlos (2004). Historia de la minería andina boliviana (siglos XVI–XX) (PDF) (in Spanish). Potosí, Bolivia. pp. 39, 90.
- ↑ "Solving a Mystery of 400 Years - An Explanation to the "explosion" in Downtown Beijing in the Year of 1626 - Research Paper". www.allbestessays.com. Archived from the original on September 19, 2018. Retrieved September 19, 2018.
- ↑ "The Parliament of 1626". History of Parliament Online. Archived from the original on March 31, 2019. Retrieved March 31, 2019.
- ↑ Theodore Ayrault Dodge (1890). Gustavus Adolphus: A History of the Art of War from Its Revival After the Middle Ages to the End of the Spanish Succession War... Houghton, Mifflin. p. 1.
- ↑ From P. Schagen letter dated November 7.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Sen, Rajendra Kumar (1923). A Treatise on Influenza: With Special Reference to the Pandemic of 1918. p. 7.
- ↑ Annals of Medical History. P.B. Hoeber. 1933. p. 537.
- ↑ Champlain describes the construction in one of his journals.
- ↑ Rantoul, Robert S.; Chapman, William O. (1922). Old-time ships of Salem. Essex Institute. doi:10.5479/sil.81485.39088002108736.
- ↑ Chevalier, Tracy (1997). Encyclopedia of the essay. London Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers. p. 764. ISBN 9781884964305.
- ↑ John Britton (August 28, 2014). A Memoir of John Aubrey. Cambridge University Press. p. 24. ISBN 978-1-108-07344-8.
- ↑ Brilliana Harley (1854). Letters of the Lady Brilliana Harley, Wife of Sir Robert Harley, of Brampton Bryan, Knight of the Bath. Camden Society. p. xx.
- ↑ David Mason Greene; Constance Green (1985). Greene's Biographical Encyclopedia of Composers. Reproducing Piano Roll Fnd. p. 140. ISBN 978-0-385-14278-6.
- ↑ Robert William Ramsey (1935). Richard Cromwell: Protector of England. Longmans, Green. p. 3.
- ↑ Diana Poulton (January 1, 1982). John Dowland. University of California Press. p. 88. ISBN 978-0-520-04649-8.
- ↑ "Francis Bacon | Biography, Philosophy, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved March 31, 2019.
- ↑ . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
- ↑ Hay, Millicent (1984). The life of Robert Sidney, Earl of Leicester (1563-1626. Washington D.C: Folger Shakespeare Library. p. 229. ISBN 9780918016706.
- ↑ Leonie James (2017). 'This Great Firebrand': William Laud and Scotland, 1617-1645. Boydell & Brewer. p. 32. ISBN 978-1-78327-219-8.
- ↑ Riemer, Otto. "Schadaeus, Abraham". Grove Music Online. Oxford University Press.
- ↑ "Davies, John (1569-1626), of the Middle Temple, London and Englefield, Berks". History of Parliament online. Archived from the original on July 23, 2021. Retrieved August 5, 2021.