619
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Year 619 (DCXIX) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 619 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Events
[edit | edit source]By place
[edit | edit source]Byzantine Empire
[edit | edit source]- Byzantine–Sasanian War: The besieged city of Alexandria is captured by the Persians. Nicetas, cousin of Emperor Heraclius, and Chalcedonian patriarch, John V, flee to Cyprus.[1] King Khosrow II extends his rule southwards along the Nile.[2]
- Heraclius prepares to leave Constantinople and moves the Byzantine capital to Carthage, but is convinced to stay by Sergius I, patriarch of Constantinople. He begins to rebuild the Byzantine army with the aid of funds from church treasures.[3]
- The Avars attack the outskirts of Constantinople. Numerous Slavic tribes rebel against Avar overlordship; they carve out their own sovereign territory in Moravia and Lower Austria (approximate date).
Asia
[edit | edit source]- The Meccan boycott of the Hashemites and Muhammad ends.
- November 2 – Tang campaigns against the Western Turks: A khagan of the Western Turkic Khaganate is assassinated in a Chinese palace by Eastern Turkic rivals, with the approval of Emperor Gaozu of Tang.
By topic
[edit | edit source]Arts and sciences
[edit | edit source]- The calculation of the Chinese calendar begins to use true motions of the sun and moon, modeled using two offset opposing parabolas.
- Construction begins on the earliest known tide mill, Nendrum Monastery mill in the north of Ireland.[4]
- The Chinese begin using large orchestras.
Religion
[edit | edit source]- December 23 – Pope Boniface V succeeds Adeodatus I as the 69th pope of Rome.
- Muhammad's wife, Khadija, dies after 24 years of marriage in the Year of Sorrow.
- Kubrat, ruler of the Bulgars, is baptised in Constantinople.
- Mellitus becomes Archbishop of Canterbury.
Births
[edit | edit source]- Abd Allah ibn Abbas, cousin of Muhammad (d. 687)
- Disibod, Irish monk and hermit (d. 700)
- Li Chengqian, prince of the Tang dynasty (d. 645)
- Li Ke, prince of the Tang dynasty (approximate date)
Deaths
[edit | edit source]- February 2 – Laurence, Archbishop of Canterbury[5]
- September 14 – Yang You, emperor of the Sui dynasty (b. 605)
- Abu Talib ibn Abd al-Muttalib, uncle of Muhammad (b. 549)
- Ŭlchi Mundŏk, military leader of Goguryeo (Korea) (approximate date)
- Heshana Khan, ruler of the Western Turkic Khaganate
- John Moschus, Byzantine monk and ascetical writer
- Khadija bint Khuwaylid, wife of Muhammad
- Li Gui, emperor of the short-lived state Liang
- Li Mi, rebel leader during the Sui dynasty (b. 582)
- Liu Wenjing, chancellor of the Tang dynasty (b. 568)
- Yang Tong, emperor of the Sui dynasty (b. 605)
- Yuwen Huaji, general of the Sui dynasty
References
[edit | edit source]- ↑ Frye 1983, p. 169.
- ↑ Greatrex & Lieu 2002, p. 196.
- ↑ Greatrex & Lieu 2002, p. 198.
- ↑ McErlean, Thomas; Crothers, Norman (2007). Harnessing the Tides: The Early Medieval Tide Mills at Nendrum Monastery, Strangford Lough. Norwich: The Stationery Office. ISBN 978-0-337-08877-3.
- ↑ Bellenger, Dominic Aidan; Fletcher, Stella (February 17, 2005). The Mitre and the Crown: A History of the Archbishops of Canterbury. History Press. p. 149. ISBN 978-0-7524-9495-1.
Sources
[edit | edit source]- Frye, R. N. (1983). "The political history of Iran under the Sasanians". In Yarshater, Ehsan; Fisher, William Bayne; Gershevitch, Ilya (eds.). The Selucid, Parthian and Sasanian Periods. The Cambridge History of Iran. 3 part 1. Cambridge University Press. p. 169. ISBN 978-0-521-20092-9.
- Greatrex, Geoffrey; Lieu, Samuel N. C. (2002). The Roman Eastern Frontier and the Persian Wars AD 363–630. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-46530-4. Date range in the title as printed, also appears in searches as 363–628.