670s BC

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The 670s BC, or 670s BCE are the decade that runs from 679 BC to 670 BC. At the time it was known as 75-84 Ab urbe condita in Rome. The denomination 670s BC for this decade has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming decades. Template:Decadebox BC Template:BC year in topic

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File:Detail. Sam'al stele of Esarhaddon, 671 BCE, Pergamon Museum.jpg
Esarhaddon

679 BC

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  • Siomón Brecc's reign ends and is succeeded by Dui Finn, according to the chronology of Geoffrey Keating's Foras Feasa ar Éirinn.[3]
  • The Assyrian king Esarhaddon (Template:Reign), the son of Sennacherib, defeated the Cimmerians and killed their king Teušpa at Ḫubišna. Esarhaddon appears to have reached Ḫubišna by passing through the Göksu River valley and bypassing the Anti-Taurus Mountains and Tabal proper.[4][5][6][7][8][9]
  • Duke Huan of Qi was officially rewarded hegemony by the Zhou king Xi in 679 BCE.[10][11][12]
  • Esarhaddon, is mentioned in some texts as having taken a city called Arsa near the River of Egypt, and its king Asuhili was taken back to the Assyrian capital Ninveh.
  • A large structure with a mudbrick self-supporting arch roof was discovered and dated to between this year and 630 BCE in Tell Jemmeh.
  • Bartatua succeeds Išpakaia as king of Iškuza.[13]
  • Esarhaddon campaigned in the Tabalian region against the Cimmerians from his base in Que and Ḫilakku, resulting in the defeat and killing of the Cimmerian king Teušpâ in Ḫubišna, who was succeeded by Dugdammî, and the annexation of a part of the territory of Ḫilakku and of the sub-kingdom of Kundu and Sissu in Que, whose king Sanduarri fled into the mountains, and of a part of the territory of Ḫilakku.[14][15][16][17]
  • Esarhaddon campaigned in Khor, destroyed Sidon, and forced Tyre into tribute from 677 to 676 BC.
  • The Cimmerians attacked Lydia for the third time, led by their king Lygdamis. The Lydians were defeated, Sardis was sacked, and Gyges was killed, following which he was succeeded by his son, Ardys, who was the father of Sadyattes.[18]
  • The Cimmerians migrate to the east and west of Mannaea.
  • The Assyrians used Cimmerians in their army as mercenaries; a legal document of 679 B.C. refers to an Assyrian ‘commander of the Cimmerian regiment’; but in other Assyrian documents they are called ‘the seed of runaways who know neither vows to the gods nor oaths’[19]
  • The Cimmerians invade the westernmost provinces of the Assyrian Empire.[20]
  • Palaka of the Pradyota dynasty begins and ends reign according to Aryabhata.[citation needed]

678 BC

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Main article: 678 BC

November

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677 BC

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Main article: 677 BC

676 BC

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Main article: 676 BC

By place

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Greece
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China
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Middle East
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  • The Cimmerians penetrate deep into Assyrian territory but are defeated by Esarhaddon and his army.[20]

675 BC

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Main article: 675 BC

674 BC

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Main article: 674 BC

673 BC

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Main article: 673 BC
  • Tullus Hostilius becomes the third king of Rome.[37]
  • Esarhaddon unsuccessfully invades Egypt, one of the worst defeats of the Assyrian Empire.[38]

672 BC

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Main article: 672 BC

671 BC

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Main article: 671 BC

670 BC

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Main article: 670 BC

Significant people

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Births

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675 BC

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Deaths

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679 BC

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678 BC

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Main article: 678 BC

677 BC

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Main article: 677 BC

676 BC

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Main article: 676 BC

675 BC

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Main article: 675 BC

673 BC

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Main article: 673 BC

Autumn

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672 BC

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Main article: 672 BC

February

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670 BC

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Main article: 670 BC

References

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  1. ↑ Bauer, Susan Wise (2007). The History of the Ancient World: From the Earliest Accounts to the Fall of Rome, W.W. Norton. ISBN 9780393070897
  2. ↑ Muhammad A. Dandamaev, Vladimir G. Lukonin (2004). The Culture and Social Institutions of Ancient Iran, Columbia University Press. ISBN 9780521611916
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Geoffrey Keating, Foras Feasa ar Éirinn 1.26
  4. ↑ Bryce, Trevor (2012). The World of The Neo-Hittite Kingdoms: A Political and Military History. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-199-21872-1.
  5. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Citation/CS1/Suggestions' not found.
  6. ↑ Bryce, Trevor (2009). The Routledge Handbook of the Peoples and Places of Ancient Western Asia: From the Early Bronze Age to the Fall of the Persian Empire. London, United Kingdom: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-39485-7.
  7. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Citation/CS1/Suggestions' not found.
  8. ↑ Aro, Sanna (2023). "Vanishing kingdoms: Tabal and Tuwana during the seventh century BC". In Draycott, Catherine M.; Branting, Scott; Lehner, Joseph W.; Özarslan, Yasemin (eds.). From Midas to Cyrus and Other Stories: Papers on Iron Age Anatolia in Honour of Geoffrey and Françoise Summers. BIAA Monograph Series. London, United Kingdom: British Institute at Ankara. pp. 113–135. ISBN 978-1-912-09011-2.
  9. ↑ Weeden, Mark (2023). "The Iron Age States of Central Anatolia and Northern Syria". In Radner, Karen; Moeller, Nadine; Potts, Daniel T. (eds.). The Age of Assyria. The Oxford History of the Ancient Near East. 4. New York City, United States: Oxford University Press. pp. 912–1026. ISBN 978-0-190-68763-2.
  10. ↑ Zuozhuan "Duke Zhuang - 15th year - zhuan" quote: "十五年春，復會焉，齊始霸也。" translation based on Durrant, Li, & Schaberg (2016): "In the fifteenth year, in spring, they once again held a meeting there [i.e. at Juan 鄄]: Qi was for the first time acting as Overlord / Hegemon."
  11. ↑ Shiji "Basic Annals of Zhou" quote: "釐王三年，齊桓公始霸。" translation: "In King Xi's third year, Duke Huan of Qi for the first time acted as Hegemon / Overlord."
  12. ↑ Durrant, Li, & Schaberg (translators) (2016). Zuo tradition: Commentary on the Spring and Autumn Annals. fn. 68 on p. 722. Quote: "Lord Huan of Qi and Lord Wen of Jin figure in all versions."
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Sulimirski, Tadeusz; Taylor, T. F. (1991). "The Scythians". In Boardman, John; Edwards, I. E. S.; Hammond, N. G. L.; Sollberger, E.; Walker, C. B. F. (eds.). The Cambridge Ancient History. 3. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 547–590. ISBN 978-1-139-05429-4.
  14. ↑ Ivantchik, Askold (1993a). Les Cimmériens au Proche-Orient [The Cimmerians in the Near East] (PDF) (in French). Fribourg, Switzerland; Göttingen, Germany: Éditions Universitaires (Switzerland); Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht (Germany). ISBN 978-3-727-80876-0.
  15. ↑ Lemaire, André (1991). "Recherches de topographie historique sur le pays de Qué" [Historical Topography Research on the Country of Que]. Anatolia antiqua. Eski Anadolu. Institut français des études anatoliennes. 1: 267–275. Retrieved 5 October 2025.
  16. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Citation/CS1/Suggestions' not found.
  17. ↑ Adalı, Selim Ferruh (2017). "Cimmerians and the Scythians: the Impact of Nomadic Powers on the Assyrian Empire and the Ancient Near East". In Kim, Hyun Jin; Vervaet, Frederik Juliaan; Adalı, Selim Ferruh (eds.). Eurasian Empires in Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages Contact and Exchange between the Graeco- Roman World, Inner Asia and China. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. pp. 60–82. ISBN 978-1-107-19041-2.
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 Spalinger, Anthony J. (1978). "The Date of the Death of Gyges and Its Historical Implications". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 98 (4): 400–409. doi:10.2307/599752. JSTOR 599752. Retrieved 25 October 2021.
  19. ↑ https://lifehopeandtruth.com/prophecy/12-tribes-of-israel/12-tribes-of-israel-today/
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 Mark, Joshua J. (2014). "Esarhaddon". World History Encyclopedia. Retrieved 23 November 2019.
  21. ↑ Template:Encyclopædia Iranica Online
  22. ↑ Zhao, Dingxin (2015-09-22). The Confucian-Legalist State: A New Theory of Chinese History. Oxford University Press. p. 118. ISBN 978-0-19-046361-8.
  23. ↑ Blakeley, Barry B. (1979), "Functional disparities in the socio-political traditions of Spring and Autumn China: Part III: Ch'u and Chin", Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, 22 (1): 81–118, doi:10.2307/3632147, JSTOR 3632147
  24. ↑ Zhao, Dingxin (2015-10-16). The Confucian-Legalist State: A New Theory of Chinese History: A New Theory of Chinese History. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-935174-9.
  25. ↑ Dillon, Michael (2016). Encyclopedia of Chinese History. Abingdon: Routledge. p. 872. ISBN 9781317817161. Retrieved 5 December 2022.
  26. ↑ Howorth, Henry H. (16 April 1892), "The Beginnings of Persian History", The Academy, London, XLI, retrieved 8 June 2015
  27. ↑ Priese, Karl-Heinz. Der Beginn der Kuschitischen Herrschaft in Ägypten, ZÄS 98 (1970), pp. 16–32.
  28. ↑ "Catalog of Solar Eclipses: −0699 to −0600". NASA. Archived from the original on March 22, 2019. Retrieved December 15, 2019.
  29. ↑ 29.0 29.1 29.2 29.3 Grayson, A. K. (1970). "Assyria: Sennacherib and Esarhaddon (704–669 BC)". The Cambridge Ancient History Volume 3 Part 2: The Assyrian and Babylonian Empires and Other States of the Near East, from the Eighth to the Sixth Centuries BC. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-3111033587.
  30. ↑ "Eusebius: Chronicle (2) - translation". www.attalus.org. Retrieved 2025-06-25.
  31. ↑ Back, Youngsun (2021-07-13). "Who Should Ascend the Throne? : The Two Views of Korean Confucians". Journal of World Philosophies. 6 (1): 58–72. ISSN 2474-1795.
  32. ↑ D. T. Potts (12 November 2015). The Archaeology of Elam: Formation and Transformation of an Ancient Iranian State. Cambridge University Press. p. 269. ISBN 978-1-107-09469-7.
  33. ↑ "DEIOCES – Encyclopaedia Iranica". iranicaonline.org. Retrieved 2020-08-09.
  34. ↑ Elayi, Josette (15 February 2023). Esarhaddon, King of Assyria. Lockwood Press. p. 89. ISBN 978-1-957454-95-5.
  35. ↑ Aubin, Henry T. (2002). The Rescue of Jerusalem. New York, NY: Soho Press, Inc. pp. x, 158–161. ISBN 1-56947-275-0.
  36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 Ahmed, Sami Said (2018). Southern Mesopotamia in the time of Ashurbanipal. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. ISBN 978-3111033587.
  37. ↑ Duruy, Victor (1884). History of Rome and of the Roman People from Its Origin to the Establishment of the Christian Empire. D.Estes and C.E. Lauiat. p. 150.
  38. ↑ Ephʿal, Israel (2005). "Esarhaddon, Egypt, and Shubria: Politics and Propaganda". Journal of Cuneiform Studies. University of Chicago Press. 57 (1): 99–111. doi:10.1086/JCS40025994. S2CID 156663868.
  39. ↑ "Esarhaddon". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 22 November 2019.
  40. ↑ Smith, William Stevenson; Simpson, William Kelly (1 January 1998). The Art and Architecture of Ancient Egypt. Yale University Press. p. 235. ISBN 978-0-300-07747-6.
  41. ↑ Thomason, Allison Karmel (2004). "From Sennacherib's bronzes to Taharqa's feet: Conceptions of the material world at Nineveh". IRAQ. 66: 155. doi:10.2307/4200570. ISSN 0021-0889. JSTOR 4200570. Related to the subject of entrances to buildings, the final case study that allows insight into conceptions of the material world at Nineveh and in Assyria concerns the statues of the 25th Dynasty Egyptian king Taharqa excavated at the entrance to the arsenal on Nebi Yunus. I have argued elsewhere that Egypt was a site of fascination to the Neo-Assyrian kings and that its material culture was collected throughout the period.
  42. ↑ ABC 1 Col.4:30–33 and ABC 14:31–32, 37
  43. ↑ Welsby, Derek A. (1996). The Kingdom of Kush. London, UK: British Museum Press. pp. 103, 107–108, 158–169. ISBN 071410986X.
  44. ↑ Luckenbill, Daniel David (1927). Ancient Records of Assyria and Babylonia (PDF). University of Chicago Press. pp. 290–296.
  45. ↑ ABC 1 Col.4:25; also in ABC 14:28–29
  46. ↑ Radner, Karen (2003). "The Trials of Esarhaddon: The Conspiracy of 670 BC". ISIMU: Revista sobre Oriente Próximo y Egipto en la antigüedad. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. 6: 165–183.
  47. ↑ Mark, Joshua J. (2014). "Esarhaddon". Ancient History Encyclopedia. Retrieved 23 November 2019.
  48. ↑ Frahm, Eckart (2017). "The Neo-Assyrian Period (ca. 1000–609 BCE)". In E. Frahm (ed.). A Companion to Assyria. Hoboken: Wiley Blackwell. ISBN 978-1118325247.
  49. ↑ *Radner, Karen (2003). "The Trials of Esarhaddon: The Conspiracy of 670 BC". ISIMU: Revista sobre Oriente Próximo y Egipto en la antigüedad. 6: 165–183.
  50. ↑ Dale, Alexander (2015). "WALWET and KUKALIM: Lydian coin legends, dynastic succession, and the chronology of Mermnad kings". Kadmos. 54: 151–166. doi:10.1515/kadmos-2015-0008. S2CID 165043567. Retrieved 10 November 2021.
  51. ↑ Browne, Gerald M. (2000). "A New Lydian Text". Kadmos. 39 (1–2): 177–178. doi:10.1515/kadm.2000.39.1-2.177. S2CID 161165986. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
  52. ↑ Browne, Gerald M. (2000). "The Tomb of Alyattes?". Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik. 132: 172. JSTOR 20190706. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
  53. ↑ Bianconi, Michele (2021). Linguistic and Cultural Interactions between Greece and Anatolia: In Search of the Golden Fleece. Leiden: Brill Publishers. pp. 119–120. ISBN 978-9-004-46159-8.
  54. ↑ Greaves, Alan M., ed. (2002). Miletos: a history. London New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-203-99393-4.
  55. ↑ Greaves, Alan M. Miletos: A History. Routledge, 2002, pp. 74–78.
  56. ↑ Knight, John Brendan. The proactive and reactive stimuli of Archaic Milesian colonization in the Black Sea before 494 B.C.E. The Open University, 2012, pp. 27–43.
  57. ↑ Sacks, David. Encyclopedia of the Ancient Greek World. Facts on File, 2005, p. 97.
  58. ↑ Greaves, Alan M. Miletos: A History. Routledge, 2002, pp. 104–107.
  59. ↑ Wilkinson, Toby C., and Anja Slawisch. "An Agro-Pastoral Palimpsest: New Insights into the Historical Rural Economy of the Milesian Peninsula." Anatolian Studies, vol. 70, 2020, pp. 1–26.
  60. ↑ N.G.L., Hammond; Griffith, G.T. (1979). A History of Macedonia Volume II: 550-336 B.C. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 4.
  61. ↑ https://sammlung.staedelmuseum.de/en/person/ancus-marcius#:~:text=king%20and%20politician%2C%20born%20ca.%20675%20B.C.%2C%20died%20616%20B.C..
  62. ↑ Spakinger, Anthony (1976). "Psammetichus, King of Egypt: I". Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt. 13: 133–147. doi:10.2307/40001126. JSTOR 40001126. Retrieved 2 November 2021.
  63. ↑ Sima, Qian. "House of Jin". Records of the Grand Historian. 39.
  64. ↑ 64.0 64.1 Sima Qian. 秦本纪 [Annals of Qin]. Records of the Grand Historian (in Chinese). guoxue.com. Retrieved 1 May 2012.
  65. ↑ 65.0 65.1 Han, Zhaoqi (2010). "Annals of Qin". Annotated Shiji (in Chinese). Zhonghua Book Company. pp. 356–362. ISBN 978-7-101-07272-3.
  66. ↑ 66.0 66.1 Template:Cite Shiji
  67. ↑ Belliotti, Raymond Angelo (31 August 2015). Machiavelli's Secret: The Soul of the Statesman. SUNY Press. p. 180. ISBN 978-1-4384-5721-5.
  68. ↑ Zuo Qiuming (translated by James Legge). "Book III. Duke Zhuang". Zuo Zhuan (in Chinese and English). University of Virginia. Retrieved 16 May 2012. Chapter II.
  69. ↑ Han, Zhaoqi, ed. (2010). "Houses of Chen and Qi". Shiji 史记 (in Chinese). Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company. ISBN 978-7-101-07272-3.
  70. ↑ Yang, Bojun, ed. (2009). 春秋左传注 [Annotated Chunqiu Zuozhuan] (in Chinese) (3rd revised ed.). Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company. ISBN 978-7-101-07074-3.
  71. ↑ Kertai, David (2013). "The Queens of the Neo-Assyrian Empire". Altorientalische Forschungen. 40 (1): 108–124. doi:10.1524/aof.2013.0006. S2CID 163392326.
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