Demographics of South Africa

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Template:Use South African English Template:Infobox place demographics

File:South Africa 2011 population density map (hex cells).svg
Population density in South Africa (darker color = higher density)

According to the 2022 census, the population of South Africa is about 62 million people of diverse origins, cultures, languages, and religions, with a majority being Black Africans.[1] The South African National Census of 2022 was the most recent census held; the next will be in 2032.[2]

In 2011, Statistics South Africa counted 2.1 million foreign nationals.[3] Reports[specify] suggest that is an underestimation. Some estimates suggest the number could be higher, though figures vary widely and are not officially confirmed,[4] including some three million Zimbabweans.[5]

History

File:Historical population of South Africa.svg
Historical population of South Africa

TemplateStyles' src attribute must not be empty.

Further information: History of South Africa

The earliest creatures that can be identified as human ancestors in South Africa are australopithecines. The first evidence of this was a child's skull found in the Taung quarry site. This was in the modern day North-West province. More fossils australopithecines were found in limestone caves Sterkfontein, Swartkrans, and Kromdaai.[6]

Population

Earlier Censuses, 1904 to 2011

1904 Census

South African population figures for the 1904 Census.[7]

Colony
Pop.
Group
 Cape Colony Natal Transvaal Orange River
Colony 		Total Percent
Black  1,424,787 904,041 937,127 225,101 3,491,056 Template:Percentage bar
White 579,741 97,109 297,277 142,690 1,116,805 Template:Percentage bar
Coloured 395,034 6,686 24,226 19,282 445,228 Template:Percentage bar
Indian 10,242 100,918 11,321 253 122,734 Template:Percentage bar
Total 2,409,804 1,108,754 1,269,951 387,315 5,175,823 Template:Percentage bar
% of S. Africa Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar

1960 Census

Sources: Statesman's Year-Book 1967–1968;[8] Europa Year Book 1969[9]

Province
Pop. Group
 Cape of
Good Hope 		Natal Transvaal Orange
Free State 		Total Percent
Black 3,011,080 2,199,920 4,633,378 1,083,886 10,928,264 Template:Percentage bar
White 1,003,207 340,235 1,468,305 276,745 3,088,492 Template:Percentage bar
Coloured 1,330,089 45,253 108,007 25,909 1,509,258 Template:Percentage bar
Indian 18,477 394,854 63,787 7 477,125 Template:Percentage bar
Total 5,362,853 2,980,262 6,273,477 1,386,547 16,003,139 Template:Percentage bar
% of S. Africa Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar

1904–85 national census numbers

Bantustan demographics were removed from South African census data during Apartheid and for this reason official figures on the national population of the country during that period will be inaccurate.[10]

Population Size by Race, 1904–85 (1,000 people)
Year Blacks Whites Coloureds Asians Total
Popu-
lation 		% Popu-
lation 		% Popu-
lation 		% Popu-
lation 		% Popu-
lation 		Area included
1904 3,490 Template:Percentage bar 1,117 Template:Percentage bar 445 Template:Percentage bar 122 Template:Percentage bar 5,174 South Africa
1911 4,019 Template:Percentage bar 1,276 Template:Percentage bar 525 Template:Percentage bar 152 Template:Percentage bar 5,972 South Africa
1921 4,697 Template:Percentage bar 1,521 Template:Percentage bar 545 Template:Percentage bar 163 Template:Percentage bar 6,926 South Africa
1936 6,596 Template:Percentage bar 2,003 Template:Percentage bar 769 Template:Percentage bar 220 Template:Percentage bar 9,588 South Africa
1946 7,830 Template:Percentage bar 2,372 Template:Percentage bar 928 Template:Percentage bar 285 Template:Percentage bar 11,415 South Africa
1951 8,560 Template:Percentage bar 2,642 Template:Percentage bar 1,103 Template:Percentage bar 367 Template:Percentage bar 12,672 South Africa
1960 10,928 Template:Percentage bar 3,088 Template:Percentage bar 1,509 Template:Percentage bar 477 Template:Percentage bar 16,002 South Africa
1970 11,891 Template:Percentage bar 3,759 Template:Percentage bar 2,039 Template:Percentage bar 630 Template:Percentage bar 18,319 South Africa - excluding Transkei, Bophuthatswana, Venda & Ciskei
1970 15,340 Template:Percentage bar 3,773 Template:Percentage bar 2,051 Template:Percentage bar 630 Template:Percentage bar 21,794 South Africa
1980 13,135 Template:Percentage bar 4,221 Template:Percentage bar 2,459 Template:Percentage bar 748 Template:Percentage bar 20,563 South Africa - excluding Transkei, Bophuthatswana & Venda
1980 16,992 Template:Percentage bar 4,512 Template:Percentage bar 2,688 Template:Percentage bar 803 Template:Percentage bar 24,995 South Africa - estimate
1985 15,163 Template:Percentage bar 4,569 Template:Percentage bar 2,833 Template:Percentage bar 821 Template:Percentage bar 23,386 South Africa - excluding Transkei, Bophuthatswana, Venda & Ciskei
1985 19,052 Template:Percentage bar 4,837 Template:Percentage bar 2,396 Template:Percentage bar 879 Template:Percentage bar 27,704 South Africa - estimate
Year Blacks Whites Coloureds Asians Total Area included

1996 Census

Source: The People of South Africa: Population Census, 1996[11]

Template:Diagonal split header 2 Black White Coloured Indian/
Asian 		Other Total % of
S.A.
File:Northern Cape in South Africa.svg Northern Cape 278,633 111,844 435,368 2,268 12,208 840,321 Template:Percentage bar
File:Western Cape in South Africa.svg Western Cape 826,691 821,551 2,146,109 40,376 122,148 3,956,875 Template:Percentage bar
File:Eastern Cape in South Africa.svg Eastern Cape 5,448,495 330,294 468,532 19,356 35,849 6,302,525 Template:Percentage bar
File:KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa.svg KwaZulu-Natal 6,880,652 558,182 117,951 790,813 69,423 8,417,021 Template:Percentage bar
File:Mpumalanga in South Africa.svg Mpumalanga 2,497,834 253,392 20,283 13,083 16,120 2,800,711 Template:Percentage bar
File:Free State in South Africa.svg Free State 2,223,940 316,459 79,038 2,805 11,262 2,633,504 Template:Percentage bar
File:Gauteng in South Africa.svg Gauteng 5,147,444 1,702,343 278,692 161,289 58,654 7,348,423 Template:Percentage bar
File:Limpopo in South Africa.svg Northern Province
(now Limpopo) 		4,765,255 117,878 7,821 5,510 32,904 4,929,368 Template:Percentage bar
File:North West in South Africa.svg North West 3,058,686 222,755 46,652 10,097 16,635 3,354,825 Template:Percentage bar
South Africa Total 31,127,631 4,434,697 3,600,446 1,045,596 375,204 40,583,573 Template:Percentage bar
Percent Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar
Population Group → Black White Coloured Asian Other Total % of RSA

2001 Census

Source: Statistics South Africa: Census 2001[12]

Province
Pop. Group
 Eastern Cape Free State Gauteng KwaZulu-Natal Limpopo Mpumalanga Northern Cape North West Western Cape Total Percent
Black 5,635,079 2,381,073 6,522,792 8,002,407 5,128,616 2,886,345 293,976 3,358,450 1,207,429 35,416,166 Template:Percentage bar
White 304,506 238,791 1,758,398 483,448 126,276 203,244 102,042 244,035 832,901 4,293,640 Template:Percentage bar
Coloured 478,807 83,193 337,974 141,887 10,163 22,158 424,389 56,959 2,438,976 3,994,505 Template:Percentage bar
Indian 18,372 3,719 218,015 798,275 8,587 11,244 2,320 9,906 45,030 1,115,467 Template:Percentage bar
Total 6,436,763 2,706,775 8,837,178 9,426,017 5,273,642 3,122,990 822,727 3,669,349 4,524,335 44,819,778 Template:Percentage bar
% of S.A. Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar

2011 Census

Source: Census 2011: Census in Brief[13]

Province
Pop. Group
 Eastern Cape Free State Gauteng KwaZulu-Natal Limpopo Mpumalanga Northern Cape North West Western Cape Total Percent
Black 5,660,230 2,405,533 9,493,684 8,912,921 5,224,754 3,662,219 576,986 3,152,063 1,912,547 41,000,938 Template:Percentage bar
Coloured 541,850 83,844 423,594 141,376 14,415 36,611 461,899 71,409 2,840,404 4,615,401 Template:Percentage bar
White 310,450 239,026 1,913,884 428,842 139,359 303,595 81,246 255,385 915,053 4,586,838 Template:Percentage bar
Indian/Asian 27,929 10,398 356,574 756,991 17,881 27,917 7,827 20,652 60,761 1,286,930 Template:Percentage bar
Other 21,595 6,790 84,527 27,170 8,459 9,597 17,903 10,444 93,969 280,454 Template:Percentage bar
Total 6,562,053 2,745,590 12,272,263 10,267,300 5,404,868 4,039,939 1,145,861 3,509,953 5,822,734 51,770,560 Template:Percentage bar
% of S.A. Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar

2022 Census

Source: Census 2022 Statistical Release[14]

Province
Pop. Group
 Eastern Cape Free State Gauteng KwaZulu-Natal Limpopo Mpumalanga Northern Cape North West Western Cape Total Percent
Black 6,189,075 2,630,556 12,763,312 10,535,830 6,341,601 4,898,063 679,383 3,562,524 2,884,511 50,486,856 Template:Percentage bar
Coloured 547,741 78,141 443,857 183,019 18,409 32,100 563,605 60,720 3,124,757 5,052,349 Template:Percentage bar
White 403,061 235,915 1,509,800 513,377 167,524 185,731 99,150 171,887 1,217,807 4,504,252 Template:Percentage bar
Indian 37,568 12,978 329,736 1,157,542 35,958 25,882 10,824 2,654 84,363 1,697,506 Template:Percentage bar
Other 48,339 4,274 35,890 27,442 7,172 440 2,667 5,894 115,235 247,353 Template:Percentage bar
Total 7,225,784 2,961,864 15,084,595 12,417,210 6,570,664 5,142,216 1,355,629 3,803,679 7,426,673 61,988,314 Template:Percentage bar
% of S.A. Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar

Note: The 2022 South African census has been criticised for its inaccuracies, such as the overestimation of the Indian and White population. [15]

  Population estimates for South Africa 2002-2020

Template:Historical populations

Historical and projected population for the years 1 to 2022

UN age and population estimates: 1950 to 2030

According to the 2019 revision of the United Nations World Population Prospects, South Africa's total population was 55,386,000 in 2015, compared to only 13,628,000 in 1950. In 2015, 29.3% of the people were children under the age of 15, 65.7% were between 15 and 64 years of age, and 5.0% were 65 or older.[16] All population estimates are rounded to the nearest thousand.

Year Total population Percentage in age bracket
under 15 years old 15 to 64 years old at least 65 years old
1950 13,628,000 Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar
1955 15,207,000 Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar
1960 17,100,000 Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar
1965 19,385,000 Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar
1970 22,070,000 Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar
1975 25,195,000 Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar
1980 28,557,000 Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar
1985 32,679,000 Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar
1990 36,801,000 Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar
1995 41,436,000 Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar
2000 44,968,000 Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar
2005 47,881,000 Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar
2010 51,217,000 Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar
2015 55,386,000 Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar
2020 59,309,000 Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar
2025 62,803,000 Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar
2030 65,956,000 Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar

UN population projections: 2019 to 2100

Template:Historical populations

Vital statistics

Vital statistics

The following statistics are obtained from the mid-year population estimates published by Statistics South Africa:[17]

Template:Sticky-headerTemplate:Sort underTemplate:Table alignment

Average population Live births Deaths Natural change Crude birth rate (per 1,000) Crude death rate (per 1,000) Natural change (per 1,000) Total fertility rates
2002 46,572,861 987,121 621,727 365,394 21.2 13.3 7.8 2.55
2003 47,005,180 975,304 639,556 335,748 20.7 13.6 7.1 2.48
2004 47,504,691 1,049,185 660,576 388,609 22.1 13.9 8.2 2.62
2005 48,060,577 1,113,332 683,422 429,910 23.2 14.2 8.9 2.74
2006 48,642,306 1,146,355 698,831 447,524 23.6 14.4 9.2 2.77
2007 49,264,665 1,170,206 690,859 479,347 23.8 14.0 9.7 2.77
2008 49,935,872 1,196,308 676,658 519,650 24.0 13.6 10.4 2.78
2009 50,653,813 1,197,835 644,046 553,789 23.6 12.7 10.9 2.74
2010 51,405,009 1,182,577 608,869 573,708 23.0 11.8 11.2 2.65
2011 52,217,038 1,194,399 572,658 621,741 22.9 11.0 11.9 2.64
2012 53,068,330 1,199,305 547,027 652,278 22.6 10.3 12.3 2.61
2013 53,940,104 1,195,484 529,404 666,080 22.2 9.8 12.3 2.56
2014 54,829,783 1,192,619 515,742 676,877 21.8 9.4 12.3 2.52
2015 55,710,675 1,177,128 513,781 663,347 21.1 9.2 11.9 2.45
2016 56,543,365 1,129,875 519,496 610,379 20.0 9.2 10.8 2.33
2017 57,366,323 1,119,165 523,259 595,906 19.5 9.1 10.4 2.28
2018 58,233,213 1,155,430 520,337 635,093 19.8 8.9 10.9 2.34
2019 59,131,136 1,184,110 522,734 661,376 20.0 8.8 11.2 2.38
2020 60,002,639 1,215,381 528,117 687,264 20.3 8.8 11.5 2.42
2021 60,641,542 1,223,452 675,121 548,331 20.2 11.1 9.0 2.42
2022 61,356,168 1,223,535 631,623 591,912 19.9 10.3 9.6 2.42
2023 62,180,391 1,222,387 540,620 681,767 19.7 8.7 11.0 2.42
2024 63,015,904 1,224,801 547,360 677,441 19.4 8.7 10.8 2.41
Mid-Year 2025 63,100,945 1,117,840 557,164 560,676 2.21

Total fertility rates by province

See also: List of South African provinces by fertility rate
Provinces by average fertility rate, 2001–2026
Province 2021–2026 (est.)
Template:Country data Limpopo 3.03
Template:Country data Eastern Cape 2.87
Template:Country data Northern Cape 2.63
Template:Country data KwaZulu-Natal 2.53
Template:Country data North West (South African province) 2.52
Template:Country data Mpumalanga 2.27
File:Flag of the Free State Province.png Free State 2.27
Template:Country data Western Cape 2.01
Template:Country data Gauteng 1.82

United Nations Population Estimates

The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates.[16] (Natural increase or decrease over a time period is the difference between that period's live births and deaths, before accounting for inward or outward migration.)

Period Live births per year Deaths per year Natural Increase per year Crude Birth Rate
(per 1,000 per year) 		Crude Death Rate
(per 1,000 per year) 		Natural Increase
(per 1,000 per year) 		Total Fertility Rate (over av'ge woman's life) Infant Mortality Rate (per 100,000 live births)
1950–1955 606,600 292,400 + 314,200 42.1 20.7 + 21.8 6.05 134
1955–1960 669,400 293,800 + 375,600 41.4 18.2 + 23.3 6.05 121
1960–1965 740,200 304,600 + 435,600 40.6 16.7 + 23.9 6.00 112
1965–1970 810,600 313,600 + 497,000 39.1 15.2 + 24.0 5.80 103
1970–1975 896,000 315,400 + 580,600 37.9 13.3 + 24.6 5.50 89
1975–1980 967,400 309,800 + 657,600 36.0 11.5 + 24.5 5.05 71
1980–1985 1,099,200 311,000 + 788,200 35.9 10.2 + 25.7 4.90 56
1985–1990 1,147,400 299,400 + 848,000 33.0 8.6 + 24.4 4.40 46
1990–1995 1,074,600 318,000 + 756,600 27.5 8.1 + 19.3 3.51 41
1995–2000 1,026,600 448,000 + 578,600 23.8 10.4 + 13.4 2.88 47
2000–2005 1,051,600 626,800 + 424,800 22.7 13.5 +  9.2 2.61 54
2005–2010 1,166,200 671,400 + 494,800 23.5 13.6 + 10.0 2.62 48
2010–2015 1,207,200 557,200 + 650,000 22.6 10.5 + 12.2 2.55 33
2015–2020 1,185,000 546,000 + 639,000 20.7 9.5 + 11.1 2.41 27
2020–2025 1,159,600 573,200 + 586,400 19.0 9.4 +  9.6 2.31 24
2025–2030 1,143,400 604,400 + 539,000 17.8 9.4 +  8.4 2.22 21
Total Fertility Rate = average number of children over a woman's lifetime; Infant Mortality Rate per 100,000 live births

Age and sex distribution

See also: South African National Census of 2011
File:Rza-age-2011.svg
Population pyramid, 2011
Age group Male Female percent Female Total Percent of RSA
0–14 7,969,880 49.6% 7,842,388 15,812,268 31.3%
15–64 15,538,934 51.8% 16,696,600 32,235,534 63.7%
65+ 1,006,222 51.8% 1,532,733 2,538,955 5.0%
All ages 24,515,036 51.5% 26,071,721 50,586,757 100%
Age group Male Female percent Female Total Percent of RSA
under 5 2,867,585 49.6% 2,817,867 5,685,452 11.0%
5–9 2,425,181 49.7% 2,394,570 4,819,751 9.3%
10–14 2,344,275 49.0% 2,250,611 4,594,886 8.9%
15–19 2,498,572 50.1% 2,504,905 5,003,477 9.7%
20–24 2,694,646 49.9% 2,679,896 5,374,542 10.4%
25–29 2,542,682 49.7% 2,516,635 5,059,317 9.8%
30–34 2,036,206 49.5% 1,992,804 4,029,010 7.8%
35–39 1,709,347 50.7% 1,758,420 3,467,767 6.7%
40–44 1,402,328 52.4% 1,546,291 2,948,619 5.7%
45–49 1,195,740 54.4% 1,424,543 2,620,283 5.1%
50–54 1,011,349 54.4% 1,206,940 2,218,289 4.3%
55–59 811,950 54.8% 985,458 1,797,408 3.5%
60–64 612,364 55.8% 773,404 1,385,768 2.7%
65–69 401,548 58.1% 556,256 957,804 1.9%
70–74 293,498 60.8% 454,832 748,330 1.4%
75–79 165,283 65.7% 315,984 481,267 0.9%
80–84 100,694 68.8% 222,222 322,916 0.6%
85-plus 75,543 70.5% 180,130 255,673 0.5%
TOTAL 25,188,791 51.3% 26,581,769 51,770,560 100%
Number of children 0–14 Number of women 15–49 Proportion Fertility Rate
15,812,264 13,866,489 1.14 2.35

Population by Sex and Age Group (Census 2022): [18]

Age group Male Female percent Female Total Percent of RSA
0–14 8,193,703 49.88% 8,153,039 16,346,742 26.35%
15–64 20.340.801 51.19% 21,332,902 41,673,703 67.19%
65+ 1,544,253 61.46% 2,462,805 4,007,058 6.46%
All ages 30,078,757 51.51% 31 948 746 62,027,503 100%
Age group Male Female percent Female Total Percent of RSA
under 5 2,918,292 50.0% 2,915,222 5,833,515 9.40%
5–9 2,561,963 49.9% 2,547,141 5,109,104 8.24%
10–14 2,713,448 49.8% 2,690,676 5,404,124 8.71%
15–19 2,504,677 49.7% 2,470,633 4,975,309 8.02%
20–24 2,670,986 49.7% 2,638,753 5,309,738 8.56%
25–29 2,825,292 50.7% 2,907,947 5,733,239 9.24%
30–34 2 776 212 50.4% 2 816 611 5 592 823 9.02%
35–39 2 596 891 50.3% 2 625 711 5 222 603 8.42%
40–44 2 089 077 50.1% 2 096 144 4 185 220 6.75%
45–49 1 586 698 51.8% 1 706 813 3 293 511 5.31%
50–54 1 277 910 53.9% 1 491 229 2 769 139 4.46%
55–59 1 100 778 55.9% 1 395 674 2 496 452 4.02%
60–64 912 280 56.5% 1 183 387 2 095 667 3.38%
65–69 672 433 58.0% 927 238 1 599 671 2.58%
70–74 419 393 59.9% 626 614 1 046 006 1.69%
75–79 238 713 63.4% 413 321 652 033 1.05%
80–84 132 074 66.5% 262 740 394 814 0.64%
85-plus 81 640 74.0% 232 892 314 532 0.51%
TOTAL 30,078,757 51.5% 31,948,746 62,027,503 100%

Age and race distribution

Mid-year population estimates for South Africa by population group and sex, 2020
Population Group Male Female Total
Number % Distribution of Males Number % Distribution of Females Number % Distribution of Total
Black African 23,519,474 80.7 24,634,253 80.8 48,153,727 80.8
Coloured 2,555,204 8.8 2,692,536 8.8 5,247,740 8.8
Indian/Asian 787,662 2.7 753,451 2.5 1,541,113 2.6
White 2,266,535 7.8 2,413,235 7.9 4,679,770 7.8
Total 29,128,875 100.0 30,493,475 100.0 59,622,350 100.0
See also: South African National Census of 2011

Age distribution within each racial group

By generation
Age group All races Black African Coloured White Indian or other Asian Others
# % # % # % # % # % # %
0–14 15,100,089 Template:Percentage bar 12,702,324 Template:Percentage bar 1,311,811 Template:Percentage bar 771,187 Template:Percentage bar 258,602 Template:Percentage bar 56,164 Template:Percentage bar
15–64 33,904,479 Template:Percentage bar 26,502,329 Template:Percentage bar 3,085,684 Template:Percentage bar 3,165,965 Template:Percentage bar 939,379 Template:Percentage bar 211,126 Template:Percentage bar
65-plus 2,765,992 Template:Percentage bar 1,796,285 Template:Percentage bar 217,906 Template:Percentage bar 649,686 Template:Percentage bar 88,949 Template:Percentage bar 13,164 Template:Percentage bar
All ages 51,770,560 Template:Percentage bar 41,000,938 Template:Percentage bar 4,615,401 Template:Percentage bar 4,586,838 Template:Percentage bar 1,286,930 Template:Percentage bar 280,454 Template:Percentage bar
% of SA Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar


Racial composition of each age group in 2015 (estimates)

Age group All races Black African Coloured White Indian or other Asian
# % # % # % # % # %
0–14 16,612,043 Template:Percentage bar 14,244,663 Template:Percentage bar 1,288,601 Template:Percentage bar 789,492 Template:Percentage bar 289,285 Template:Percentage bar
15–64 35,465,499 Template:Percentage bar 28,170,797 Template:Percentage bar 3,299,771 Template:Percentage bar 3,026,475 Template:Percentage bar 968,649 Template:Percentage bar
65-plus 2,879,378 Template:Percentage bar 1,812,535 Template:Percentage bar 244,544 Template:Percentage bar 718,041 Template:Percentage bar 104.068 Template:Percentage bar
All ages 54,956,920 100% 44,227,995 Template:Percentage bar 4,832,916 Template:Percentage bar 4,534,008 Template:Percentage bar 1,362,002 Template:Percentage bar
% of SA Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar Template:Percentage bar
By five-year cohorts
Age group All races Black African Coloured White Indian or other Asian
# % # % # % # % # %
under 5 5,936,350 10.80% 5,156,508 11.66% 426,156 8.82% 254,978 5.62% 98,708 7.25%
5 to 9 5,537,225 10.08% 4,746,115 10.73% 430,666 8.91% 263,378 5.81% 97,065 7.13%
10 to 14 5,138,468 9.35% 4,342,040 9.82% 431,779 8.93% 271,136 5.98% 93,512 6.87%
15 to 19 5,124,373 9.32% 4,292,220 9.70% 437,412 9.05% 295,733 6.52% 99,007 7.27%
20 to 24 5,302,246 9.65% 4,461,515 10.09% 426,013 8.81% 306,415 6.76% 108,304 7.95%
25 to 29 5,232,254 9.52% 4,437,570 10.03% 389,429 8.06% 287,485 6.34% 117,771 8.65%
30 to 34 4,307,693 7.84% 3,535,173 7.99% 366,955 7.59% 281,358 6.21% 124,206 9.12%
35 to 39 3,774,921 6.87% 3,001,989 6.79% 376,488 7.79% 279,439 6.16% 117,005 8.59%
40 to 44 3,204,952 5.83% 2,444,972 5.53% 368,886 7.63% 288,370 6.36% 102,725 7.54%
45 to 49 2,738,580 4.98% 2,004,009 4.53% 307,363 6.36% 335,434 7.40% 91,774 6.74%
50 to 54 2,297,586 4.18% 1,619,249 3.66% 264,593 5.47% 332,977 7.34% 80,767 5.93%
55 to 59 1,942,942 3.54% 1,334,800 3.02% 209,933 4.34% 328,999 7.26% 69,210 5.08%
60 to 64 1,539,953 2.80% 1,039,301 2.35% 152,698 3.16% 290,075 6.40% 57,879 4.25%
65 to 69 1,153,159 2.10% 737,581 1.67% 105,403 2.18% 265,818 5.86% 44,357 3.26%
70 to 74 805,114 1.46% 511,723 1.16% 65,465 1.35% 198,876 4.39% 28,949 2.13%
75 to 79 502,005 0.91% 313,800 0.71% 41,978 0.87% 128,675 2.84% 17,552 1.29%
80-plus 419,100 0.76% 249,431 0.56% 31,698 0.66% 124,672 2.75% 13,210 0.97%
All ages 54,956,920 100% 44,227,995 (100%) 4,832,916 (100%) 4,534,008 (100%) 1,362,002 (100%)
% of SA 100% 80.48% 8.79% 8.25% 2.48%
Age group All races Black African Coloured White Indian or other Asian
# % # % # % # %
under 5 5,936,350 5,156,508 86.86% 426,156 7.18% 254,978 4.30% 98,708 1.66%
5 to 9 5,537,225 4,746,115 85.71% 430,666 7.78% 263,378 4.76% 97,065 1.75%
10 to 14 5,138,468 4,342,040 84.50% 431,779 8.40% 271,136 5.28% 93,512 1.82%
15 to 19 5,124,373 4,292,220 83.76% 437,412 8.54% 295,733 5.77% 99,007 1.93%
20 to 24 5,302,246 4,461,515 84.14% 426,013 8.03% 306,415 5.78% 108,304 2.04%
25 to 29 5,232,254 4,437,570 84.81% 389,429 7.44% 287,485 5.49% 117,771 2.25%
30 to 34 4,307,693 3,535,173 82.07% 366,955 8.52% 281,358 6.53% 124,206 2.88%
35 to 39 3,774,921 3,001,989 79.52% 376,488 9.97% 279,439 7.40% 117,005 3.10%
40 to 44 3,204,952 2,444,972 76.29% 368,886 11.51% 288,370 9.00% 102,725 3.21%
45 to 49 2,738,580 2,004,009 73.18% 307,363 11.22% 335,434 12.25% 91,774 3.35%
50 to 54 2,297,586 1,619,249 70.48% 264,593 11.52% 332,977 14.49% 80,767 3.52%
55 to 59 1,942,942 1,334,800 68.70% 209,933 10.80% 328,999 16.93% 69,210 3.56%
60 to 64 1,539,953 1,039,301 67.49% 152,698 9.92% 290,075 18.84% 57,879 3.76%
65 to 69 1,153,159 737,581 63.96% 105,403 9.14% 265,818 23.05% 44,357 3.85%
70 to 74 805,114 511,723 63.56% 65,465 8.13% 198,876 24.70% 28,949 3.60%
75 to 79 502,005 313,800 62.51% 41,978 8.36% 128,675 25.63% 17,552 3.50%
80-plus 419,100 249,431 59.52% 31,698 7.56% 124,672 29.75% 13,210 3.15%
All ages 54,956,920 44,227,995 4,832,916 4,534,008 1,362,002
% of SA 80.48% 8.79% 8.25% 2.48%

Racial composition of each age group in 2020 (estimates)

Source:[19]

Age group All races Black African Coloured White Indian or other Asian
# % # % # % # % # %
0–14 17,050,955 28.60% 14,605,416 30.33% 1,408,553 26.84% 742,913 15.87% 294,073 19.08%
15–64 38,941,221 65.31% 31,368,174 65.14% 3,487,284 66.45% 2,988,634 63.86% 1,097,129 71.19%
65-plus 3,630,174 6.09% 2,180,137 4.53% 351,903 6.71% 948,223 20.26% 149,911 9.73%
All ages 59,622,350 100% 48,153,727 (100%) 5,247,740 (100%) 4,679,770 (100%) 1,541,113 (100%)
% of SA 100% 80.76% 8.80% 7.85% 2.58%
Age group All races Black African Coloured White Indian or other Asian
# % # % # % # % # %
under 5 5,743,450 9.63% 4,940,751 10.26% 476,322 9.08% 226,715 4.84% 99,662 6.47%
5 to 9 5,715,952 9.59% 4,890,895 10.16% 475,518 9.06% 249,991 5.34% 99,548 6.46%
10 to 14 5,591,553 9.38% 4,773,770 9.91% 456,713 8.70% 266,207 5.69% 94,863 6.16%
15 to 19 4,774,579 8.01% 4,031,704 8.37% 411,056 7.83% 243,267 5.20% 88,552 5.75%
20 to 24 4,823,367 8.09% 4,043,432 8.40% 423,180 8.06% 254,465 5.44% 102,290 6.64%
25 to 29 5,420,754 9.09% 4,586,780 9.53% 435,746 8.30% 267,654 5.72% 130,574 8.47%
30 to 34 5,641,750 9.46% 4,769,499 9.90% 431,274 8.22% 296,160 6.33% 144,817 9.40%
35 to 39 4,798,293 8.05% 3,962,780 8.23% 381,858 7.28% 308,959 6.60% 144,696 9.39%
40 to 44 3,733,942 6.26% 2,988,999 6.21% 316,611 6.03% 306,414 6.55% 121,918 7.91%
45 to 49 3,169,648 5.32% 2,393,317 4.97% 312,665 5.96% 352,648 7.54% 111,018 7.20%
50 to 54 2,571,263 4.31% 1,834,191 3.81% 302,224 5.76% 337,839 7.22% 97,009 6.29%
55 to 59 2,211,309 3.71% 1,546,674 3.21% 264,967 5.05% 314,423 6.72% 85,245 5.53%
60 to 64 1,796,316 3.01% 1,210,798 2.51% 207,703 3.96% 306,805 6.56% 71,010 4.61%
65 to 69 1,408,665 2.36% 918,604 1.91% 150,941 2.88% 281,318 6.01% 57,802 3.75%
70 to 74 1,007,174 1.69% 619,106 1.29% 97,127 1.85% 248,673 5.31% 42,268 2.74%
75 to 79 637,062 1.07% 365,409 0.76% 56,822 1.08% 188,123 4.02% 26,708 1.73%
80-plus 577,273 0.97% 277,018 0.58% 47,013 0.90% 230,109 4.92% 23,133 1.50%
All ages 59,622,350 100% 48,153,727 (100%) 5,247,740 (100%) 4,679,770 (100%) 1,541,113 (100%)
% of SA 100% 80.76% 8.80% 7.85% 2.58%
Age group All races Black African Coloured White Indian or other Asian
# % # % # % # %
under 5 5,743,450 4,940,751 86.02% 476,322 8.29% 226,715 3.95% 99,662 1.74%
5 to 9 5,715,952 4,890,895 85.57% 475,518 8.32% 249,991 4.37% 99,548 1.74%
10 to 14 5,591,553 4,773,770 85.37% 456,713 8.17% 266,207 4.76% 94,863 1.70%
15 to 19 4,774,579 4,031,704 84.44% 411,056 8.61% 243,267 5.10% 88,552 1.85%
20 to 24 4,823,367 4,043,432 83.83% 423,180 8.77% 254,465 5.28% 102,290 2.12%
25 to 29 5,420,754 4,586,780 84.62% 435,746 8.04% 267,654 4.94% 130,574 2.41%
30 to 34 5,641,750 4,769,499 84.54% 431,274 7.64% 296,160 5.25% 144,817 2.57%
35 to 39 4,798,293 3,962,780 82.59% 381,858 7.96% 308,959 6.44% 144,696 3.02%
40 to 44 3,733,942 2,988,999 80.05% 316,611 8.48% 306,414 8.21% 121,918 3.27%
45 to 49 3,169,648 2,393,317 75.51% 312,665 9.86% 352,648 11.13% 111,018 3.50%
50 to 54 2,571,263 1,834,191 71.33% 302,224 11.75% 337,839 13.14% 97,009 3.77%
55 to 59 2,211,309 1,546,674 69.94% 264,967 11.98% 314,423 14.22% 85,245 3.85%
60 to 64 1,796,316 1,210,798 67.40% 207,703 11.56% 306,805 17.08% 71,010 3.95%
65 to 69 1,408,665 918,604 65.21% 150,941 10.72% 281,318 19.97% 57,802 4.10%
70 to 74 1,007,174 619,106 61.47% 97,127 9.64% 248,673 24.69% 42,268 4.20%
75 to 79 637,062 365,409 57.36% 56,822 8.92% 188,123 29.53% 26,708 4.19%
80-plus 577,273 277,018 47.99% 47,013 8.14% 230,109 39.86% 23,133 4.01%
All ages 59,622,350 48,153,727 5,247,740 4,679,770 1,541,113
% of SA 80.76% 8.80% 7.85% 2.58%

Racial composition of each age group in 2022 (census)

Age group All races Black African Coloured White Indian or other Asian Other
# % # % # % # % # % # %
0–14 16 343 887 26.37% 14 179 166 28.09% 1 251 356 24.77% 605 846 13.45% 263 172 15.50% 44 347 17.93%
15–64 41 640 194 67.18% 33 811 393 66.97% 3 466 232 68.61% 2 930 422 65.06% 1 245 195 73.36% 186 951 75.59%
65-plus 4 002 635 6.46% 2 495 338 4.94% 334 362 6.62% 967 789 21.49% 189 109 11.14% 16 039 6.48%
All ages 61 986 716 100% 50 485 897 (100%) 5 051 950 (100%) 4 504 057 (100%) 1 697 476 (100%) 247 337 (100%)
% of SA 100% 81.45% 8.15% 7.27% 2.74% 0.40%


Age group All races Black African Coloured White Indian or other Asian Other
# % # % # % # % # % # %
under 5 5 832 551 9.41 5 163 220 408 017 173 959 66 245 21 109
5 to 9 5 108 818 8.24 4 400 143 405 393 200 133 90 752 12 397
10 to 14 5 402 518 8.72 4 615 803 437 946 231 754 106 175 10 841
15 to 19 4 972 291 8.02 4 224 216 409 099 221 193 106 590 11 193
20 to 24 5 306 570 8.56 4 530 900 424 296 224 226 102 951 24 197
25 to 29 5 730 402 9.24 4 929 929 415 104 233 841 120 895 30 634
30 to 34 5 589 980 9.02 4 706 513 407 174 284 583 159 742 31 968
35 to 39 5 218 984 8.42 4 301 682 392 920 327 935 167 862 28 585
40 to 44 4 181 563 6.75 3 341 428 338 818 323 912 156 297 21 108
45 to 49 3 289 977 5.31 2 528 073 300 655 324 251 124 984 12 014
50 to 54 2 765 237 4.46 2 010 114 294 019 337 223 113 819 10 062
55 to 59 2 492 572 4.02 1 801 060 266 462 315 649 100 673 8 728
60 to 64 2 092 615 3.38 1 437 479 217 684 337 609 91 382 8 461
65 to 69 1 599 063 2.58 1 053 093 151 281 312 336 75 923 6 430
70 to 74 1 045 846 1.69 630 541 91 499 263 594 55 641 4 572
75 to 79 651 848 1.05 368 876 49 478 197 625 33 112 2 757
80 to 84 394 617 0.64 233 963 25 726 117 776 15 864 1 289
85-plus 311 261 0.50 208 865 16 378 76 458 8 569 991
All ages 61 986 716 100% 50 485 897 (100%) 5 051 950 (100%) 4 504 057 (100%) 1 697 476 (100%) 247 337 (100%)
% of SA 100% 81.45% 8.15% 7.27% 2.74% 0.40%
Age group All races Black African Coloured White Indian or other Asian Other
# % # % # % # % # %
under 5 5 832 551 5 163 220 408 017 173 959 66 245 21 109
5 to 9 5 108 818 4 400 143 405 393 200 133 90 752 12 397
10 to 14 5 402 518 4 615 803 437 946 231 754 106 175 10 841
15 to 19 4 972 291 4 224 216 409 099 221 193 106 590 11 193
20 to 24 5 306 570 4 530 900 424 296 224 226 102 951 24 197
25 to 29 5 730 402 4 929 929 415 104 233 841 120 895 30 634
30 to 34 5 589 980 4 706 513 407 174 284 583 159 742 31 968
35 to 39 5 218 984 4 301 682 392 920 327 935 167 862 28 585
40 to 44 4 181 563 3 341 428 338 818 323 912 156 297 21 108
45 to 49 3 289 977 2 528 073 300 655 324 251 124 984 12 014
50 to 54 2 765 237 2 010 114 294 019 337 223 113 819 10 062
55 to 59 2 492 572 1 801 060 266 462 315 649 100 673 8 728
60 to 64 2 092 615 1 437 479 217 684 337 609 91 382 8 461
65 to 69 1 599 063 1 053 093 151 281 312 336 75 923 6 430
70 to 74 1 045 846 630 541 91 499 263 594 55 641 4 572
75 to 79 651 848 368 876 49 478 197 625 33 112 2 757
80 to 84 394 617 233 963 25 726 117 776 15 864 1 289
85-plus 311 261 208 865 16 378 76 458 8 569 991
All ages 61 986 716 50 485 897 (100%) 5 051 950 (100%) 4 504 057 (100%) 1 697 476 (100%) 247 337 (100%)
% of SA 100% 81.45% 8.15% 7.27% 2.74% 0.40%

Demographic and Health Surveys

Fertility rate (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) and CBR (Crude Birth Rate):[20]

Year Total Urban Rural
CBR TFR CBR TFR CBR TFR
1998 21.90 2.90 (2.3) 19.2 2.25 (1.8) 25.4 3.92 (2.9)
2016 22.3 2.6 (2.0) 21.9 2.4 (1.9) 23.1 3.1 (2.4)

Fertility rate (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) by ethnic group.

Year Total Black African White Coloured Indian/Asian
1998 2.9 (2.3) 3.1 (2.4) 1.9 (1.5) 2.5 (2.1)
2016 2.6 (2.0) 2.7 (2.1) 1.5 (1.2) 2.5 (1.9) 1.7 (1.6)

Life expectancy

Life expectancy at birth from 1950 to 2020 (UN World Population Prospects):[21]

File:Life expectancy by WBG -South Africa -diff.png
Life expectancy in South Africa
  Life expectancy in South Africa 1950–2020 (per 5 yr clusters)
Period Life expectancy
(years)
1950–1955 48.5
1955–1960 Increase 51.3
1960–1965 Increase 53.0
1965–1970 Increase 54.8
1970–1975 Increase 56.7
1975–1980 Increase 57.3
1980–1985 Increase 58.4
1985–1990 Increase 61.0
1990–1995 Increase 62.3
1995–2000 Decrease 59.2
2000–2005 Decrease 53.8
2005–2010 Decrease 53.1
2010–2015 Increase 59.5
2015–2020 Increase 63.7
2020–2025 Increase 66.5
  Life expectancy in South Africa 1950–2021 (per 5 yr clusters)
[22]

Ethnic groups

Main article: Ethnic groups in South Africa
File:South Africa 2011 dominant population group map (hex cells).svg
Dominant population groups in South Africa.
  Black
  Coloured
  Indian or other South Asian
  White
  None dominant
  Little or no population

Ethnic groups South Africa (1911)

  Black (67%)
  White (21%)
  Coloured (9%)
  Indian (3%)

Racial groups South Africa (2022)

  Black (81.4%)
  White (7.3%)
  Coloured (8.2%)
  Indian (2.7%)
  Other (0.4%)

Statistics South Africa asks people to describe themselves in the census in terms of five racial population groups.[23] The 2011 census figures for these groups were Black at 80.2%, White at 8.4%, Coloured at 8.8%, Indian/South Asian at 2.5%, and Other/Unspecified at 0.5%.[24]

The white percentage of the population has sharply declined. The first census in South Africa in 1911 showed that whites made up 22% of the population. This declined to 16% in 1980,[25] 8.9% in 2011 and 7.65% in 2022.[26]: 21  Cape Coloureds replaced Whites as the largest minority group around 2010.

Languages

Main article: Languages of South Africa

South Africa has twelve official languages:[14] isiZulu[24] 24.4%, isiXhosa[24] 16.3%, Afrikaans[24] 10.6%, English[24] 8.7%, Sepedi[24] 10.0%, Setswana[24] 8.3%, Sesotho[24] 7.8%, Xitsonga[24] 4.7%, siSwati[24] 2.8%, Tshivenda[24] 2.5%, isiNdebele[24] 1.7% and South African Sign Language.[27]

In this regard, it is third only to Bolivia and India in number. While all the languages are formally equal, some languages are spoken more than others. According to the 2022 census, the three most spoken languages in the household are Zulu (24.4%), Xhosa (16.3%), and Afrikaans (10.6%).[1]

Between 1996 and 2022, the proportion of Afrikaans speakers declined from 14.5% to 10.6% and English held steady at 8.7%, whle isiZulu grew from 22.8% to 24.4%, and Xhosa declined from 17.9% to 16.3%[14]

The country also recognises several unofficial languages, including Sekholokoe, Fanagalo, Khwe, Lobedu, Nama, Northern Ndebele, Phuthi and San.[28] These unofficial languages may be used in certain official uses in limited areas where it has been determined that these languages are prevalent. Nevertheless, their populations are not such that they require nationwide recognition.

Many of the "unofficial languages" of the San and Khoikhoi people contain regional dialects stretching northwards into Namibia and Botswana, and elsewhere. These people, who are a physically distinct population from other Africans, have their own cultural identity based on their hunter-gatherer societies. They have been marginalised to a great extent, and many of their languages are in danger of becoming extinct.

Many white South Africans also speak other European languages, such as Portuguese (also spoken by black Angolans and Mozambicans), German, Serbian and Greek, while some Indians and other Asians in South Africa speak South Asian languages, such as Bhojpuri, Tamil, Hindi, Gujarati, Urdu and Telugu. Although many South Africans are of Huguenot (French) origin, South African French is spoken by fewer than 10,000 individuals country-wide. Congolese French is also spoken in South Africa by migrants.

The primary sign language of deaf South Africans is South African Sign Language. Other sign languages among indigenous peoples are also used.

By ethnicity

In 2011, the first language was Zulu for 28.1% of Black South African residents, Xhosa for 19.8%, Sepedi for 11.2%, Tswana for 9.7%, Sesotho for 9.3%, Tsonga for 5.5%, siSwati for 3.1%, Venda for 2.9%, English for 2.8%, Southern Ndebele for 2.6%, Afrikaans for 1.5%, while 3.4% had another first language.[29]

Among whites, Afrikaans was the first language for 59.1% of the population, compared to 35.0% for English. Other languages accounted for the remaining 5.9%.[29]

Religion

Religion in South Africa (2022 census)[14]

  Christianity (85.3%)
  Traditional African religions (7.8%)
  Islam (1.6%)
  Hinduism (1.1%)
  Judaism (0.1%)
  Atheism (0.1%)
  Agnosticism (0.1%)
  Other (1%)
  No religious affiliation (2.9%)

According to the 2022 national census, Christians accounted for 85.3% of the population.[1] This includes[when?] Protestant (36.6%), Zionist Christian (11.1%), Pentecostal/Charismatic (8.2%), Roman Catholic (7.1%), Methodist (6.8%), Dutch Reformed (6.7%), Anglican (3.8%); members of other Christian churches accounted for another 36% of the population. Muslims accounted for 1.5% of the population, Other 2.3%, and 1.4% were Unspecified and None 15.1%.[citation needed]

Muslims are largely found among the Coloured and Indian ethnic groups. They have been joined by black or white South African converts as well as immigrants from other parts of Africa.[30]

The Hindu population has its roots in the British colonial period, but later waves of immigration from India have also contributed to it. Most Hindus are of South Asian origin, but there are many who come from mixed racial stock. Some are converts due to the efforts of ISKCON.

Other minority religions in South Africa are Sikhism, Jainism, Baháʼí Faith and Judaism.[31]

By ethnicity

86.0% of black residents are Christian, 3.0% have no religion, 0.3% are Muslim, 0.0% are Jewish, 0.0% are Hindu, 9.5% Traditional African and 1.2% have other or undetermined beliefs (2022 Census).

90.1% of white residents are Christian, 4.9% have no religion, 0.3% are Muslim, 0.7% are Jewish, and 0.1% are Hindu. 3.9% have other or undetermined beliefs (2022 Census).

Other demographic statistics

File:South Africa Population 1950-2021 Forecast 2022-2032 UN World Population Prospects 2022.svg
Demographics development according to the United Nations

The following demographics are from the CIA World Factbook[32] unless otherwise indicated.

Population

57,516,665 (2022 est.)
55,380,210 (July 2018 est.)

Age structure

File:South Africa single age population pyramid 2020.png
Population pyramid of South Africa in 2020
0-14 years: 27.94% (male 7,894,742/female 7,883,266)
15-24 years: 16.8% (male 4,680,587/female 4,804,337)
25-54 years: 42.37% (male 12,099,441/female 11,825,193)
55-64 years: 6.8% (male 1,782,902/female 2,056,988)
65 years and over: 6.09% (2020 est.) (male 1,443,956/female 1,992,205)
0-14 years: 28.18% (male 7,815,651 /female 7,793,261)
15-24 years: 17.24% (male 4,711,480 /female 4,837,897)
25-54 years: 42.05% (male 11,782,848 /female 11,503,831)
55-64 years: 6.71% (male 1,725,034 /female 1,992,035)
65 years and over: 5.81% (male 1,351,991 /female 1,866,182) (2018 est.)

Birth rate

18.56 births/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 77th
19.9 births/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 78th

Death rate

9.26 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 52nd
9.3 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 57th

Total fertility rate

2.18 children born/woman (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 90th
2.26 children born/woman (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 91st

Population growth rate

0.93% (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 103rd
0.97% (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 114th

Median age

Total: 28 years. Country comparison to the world: 142nd
Male: 27.9 years
Female: 28.1 years (2020 est.)
Total: 27.4 years. Country comparison to the world: 144th
Male: 27.2 years
Female: 27.6 years (2018 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

54.6% (2016)

Net migration rate

0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 98th
-0.9 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 138th

Dependency ratios

Total dependency ratio: 52.5 (2015 est.)
Youth dependency ratio: 44.8 (2015 est.)
Elderly dependency ratio: 7.7 (2015 est.)
Potential support ratio: 12.9 (2015 est.)

Urbanization

Urban population: 68.3% of total population (2022)
Rate of urbanization: 1.72% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Urban population: 66.4% of total population (2018)
Rate of urbanization: 1.97% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

Total population: 65.32 years. Country comparison to the world: 202nd
Male: 63.99 years
Female: 66.68 years (2022 est.)
Total population: 64.1 years (2018 est.)

Major infectious diseases

Degree of risk: intermediate (2020)
Food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
Water contact diseases: schistosomiasis

note: widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout South Africa; as of 6 June 2022, South Africa has reported a total of 3,968,205 cases of COVID-19 or 6,690.7 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 101,317 cumulative deaths or a rate of 170.83 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 6 June 2022, 36.33% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine

Ethnic groups

Black African 80.9%, coloured 8.8%, white 7.8%, Indian/Asian 2.6% (2021 est.)

Languages

File:SAPS language.png
Map showing the dominant languages in South Africa
isiZulu (official) 24.7%, isiXhosa (official) 15.6%, Afrikaans (official) 12.1%, Sepedi (official) 9.8%, Setswana (official) 8.9%, English (official) 8.4%, Sesotho (official) 8%, Xitsonga (official) 4%, siSwati (official) 2.6%, Tshivenda (official) 2.5%, Khoi, Nama, and San languages 1.9% isiNdebele (official) 1.6% (2017 est.)
note: data represent language spoken most often at home

Education expenditures

6.8% of GDP (2020) Country comparison to the world: 22nd
6.1% of GDP (2017) Country comparison to the world: 34th

Literacy

Definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2015 est.)

Total population: 95%
Male: 95.5%
Female: 94.5% (2019)
Total population: 94.4%
Male: 95.4%
Female: 95.4% (2015 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

Total: 14 years
Male: 13 years
Female: 14 years (2019)

Unemployment, youth ages 15-24

Total: 59.4%
Male: 55.4%
Female: 64.1% (2020 est.)

Immigration

File:COB data South Africa.PNG
Main article: Immigration to South Africa

South Africa hosts a sizeable refugee and asylum seeker population. According to the World Refugee Survey 2008, published by the U.S. Committee for Refugees and Immigrants, this population numbered approximately 144,700 in 2007.[33] Groups of refugees and asylum seekers numbering over 10,000 included people from Zimbabwe (48,400), the Democratic Republic of the Congo (24,800), and Somalia (12,900).[33] These populations mainly lived in Johannesburg, Pretoria, Durban, Cape Town, and Port Elizabeth.[33] Many refugees have now also started to work and live in rural areas in provinces such as Mpumalanga and KwaZulu-Natal.

Statistics SA assumes in some of their calculations that there are fewer than 2 million immigrants in South Africa.[34] Other institutions, like the police and Médecins Sans Frontières place estimate the figure at 4 million.[35][36][37][38]

Immigration figures

Main countries of immigration in South Africa according to the 2011 Census and 2022 Census:

Source: 2022 South African census[14]
Place of birth Population, 2011 Population, 2022 Difference
File:Flag of Zimbabwe.svg Zimbabwe 672,308 1,012,059 339,751 Increase
File:Flag of Mozambique.svg Mozambique 393,231 416,564 23,333 Increase
File:Flag of Lesotho.svg Lesotho 160,806 227,770 66,964 Increase
File:Flag of Malawi.svg Malawi 86,606 198,807 112,201 Increase
File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom 81,720 61,282 -20,438 Decrease
File:Flag of Ethiopia.svg Ethiopia 28,230 58,131 29,901 Increase
File:Flag of Namibia.svg Namibia 40,575 36,140 -4,435 Decrease
File:Flag of India.svg India 31,165 27,350 -3,815 Decrease
File:Flag of Nigeria.svg Nigeria 26,341 24,718 -1,623 Decrease
File:Flag of Zambia.svg Zambia 30,054 24,625 -5,429 Decrease
File:Flag of the Republic of the Congo.svg Congo 26,061 23,328 -2,733 Decrease
File:Flag of Bangladesh.svg Bangladesh 19,696 20,894 1,198 Increase
Template:Country data DRC 25,630 17,635 -7,995 Decrease
File:Flag of Somalia.svg Somalia 26,116 15,838 -10,278 Decrease
File:Flag of Pakistan.svg Pakistan 17,241 15,006 -2,235 Decrease
File:Flag of Germany.svg Germany 20,494 12,139 -8,355 Decrease
File:Flag of Botswana.svg Botswana 12,316 8,976 -3,340 Decrease
File:Flag of Portugal.svg Portugal 15,626 7,615 -8,011 Decrease

Immigration assumptions by Statistics South Africa to South Africa based on race. Negative numbers represent net migration from South Africa to other countries.[39]

Immigration to SA by Race
(Negative values indicate net migration from SA elsewhere)
Year African Asian White
1985-2000 632 633 36 908 -202 868
2001-2006 565 916 25 310 -99 574
2006-2011 815 780 43 222 -106 787
2011-2016 972 995 54 697 -111 346
2016-2021 894 365 49 584 -90 956

Urbanisation

Main article: List of municipalities in South Africa
See also: Metropolitan municipality (South Africa)

"Urban areas contain about two-thirds of the population; many of these consist of huge informal or squatter settlements."[40]

Graphs and maps

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Statistics South Africa - Census Dissemination". census.statssa.gov.za. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  2. ↑ "Census 2021 New Methodologies Test". Statistics South Africa (Stats SA). 20 July 2018. Archived from the original on 4 August 2018.
  3. ↑ "Table 3.5, Statistical release (Revised) P0301.4, Census 2011" (PDF). Statssa.gov.za. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 November 2015. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
  4. ↑ "Nowhere left to go". The Economist. 20 May 2008. Retrieved 29 August 2017.
  5. ↑ "Escape From Mugabe: Zimbabwe's Exodus". Archived from the original on 24 January 2016.
  6. ↑ "South Africa - Apartheid, Colonization, Freedom | Britannica". www.britannica.com. 28 October 2024. Retrieved 29 October 2024.
  7. ↑ Smuts I: The Sanguine Years 1870–1919, W.K. Hancock, Cambridge University Press, 1962, pg 219
  8. ↑ The Statesman's Year-Book, 1967–1968 (104th annual edition), edited by S.H. Steinberg, Macmillan, London; St. Martin's Press, New York, 1967, pages 1405–1424
  9. ↑ The Europa Year Book 1969, Volume II: Africa, The Americas, Asia, Australasia, Europa Publications, London, 1969, page 1286
  10. ↑ Ogura, Mitsuo (1996). "Urbanization and Apartheid in South Africa: Influx Controls and Their Abolition". The Developing Economies. 34 (4): 402–423. doi:10.1111/j.1746-1049.1996.tb01178.x. ISSN 1746-1049. PMID 12292280.
  11. ↑ Statistics South Africa (1999). "The People of South Africa: Population Census, 1996" (PDF). Retrieved 19 April 2020.
  12. ↑ Statistics South Africa (2003). "Statistics South Africa: Census 2001" (PDF). Retrieved 20 April 2020.
  13. ↑ Statistics South Africa (2012). "Census 2011: Census in Brief" (PDF). Retrieved 20 April 2020.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 "Census 2022: Statistical Release" (PDF). statssa.gov.za. Statistics South Africa. 10 October 2023. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 July 2025.
  15. ↑ Ginsburg, Carl (2024). "South Africa's 2022 census under fire". South African Journal of Science. 120 (7/8). Retrieved 17 June 2025.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 "World Population Prospects - Population Division - United Nations". population.un.org. Archived from the original on 17 June 2020. Retrieved 6 February 2023.
  17. ↑ "Mid-year population estimates, 2024". www.statssa.gov.za. Retrieved 29 September 2024.
  18. ↑ "Census 2022: Statistical Release" (PDF). census.statssa.gov.za. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 May 2026. Retrieved 11 May 2026.
  19. ↑ "Statistical Release: Mid-year population estimates" (PDF). statssa.gov.za. Statistics South Africa. 31 July 2021. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 May 2025.
  20. ↑ "The DHS Program - Quality information to plan, monitor and improve population, health, and nutrition programs". Dhsprogram.com. Retrieved 29 August 2017.
  21. ↑ "World Population Prospects – Population Division – United Nations". Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 15 July 2017.
  22. ↑ "Life Expectancy at Exact Age x (ex) - Both Sexes (XLSX, 172.2 MB)". docs.google.com. Retrieved 2 April 2023. taken from "World Population Prospects - Population Division - United Nations". population.un.org. Archived from the original on 2 April 2023. Retrieved 2 April 2023.
  23. ↑ Lehohla, Pali (5 May 2005). "Debate over race and censuses not peculiar to SA". Business Report. Archived from the original on 14 August 2007. Retrieved 25 August 2013. Others pointed out that the repeal of the Population Registration Act in 1991 removed any legal basis for specifying 'race'. The Identification Act of 1997 makes no mention of race. On the other hand, the Employment Equity Act speaks of 'designated groups' being 'black people, women and people with disabilities'. The Act defines 'black' as referring to 'Africans, coloureds and Indians'. Apartheid and the racial identification which underpinned it explicitly linked race with differential access to resources and power. If the post-apartheid order was committed to remedying this, race would have to be included in surveys and censuses, so that progress in eradicating the consequences of apartheid could be measured and monitored. This was the reasoning that led to a 'self-identifying' question about 'race' or 'population group' in both the 1996 and 2001 population censuses, and in Statistics SA's household survey programme.
  24. ↑ 24.00 24.01 24.02 24.03 24.04 24.05 24.06 24.07 24.08 24.09 24.10 24.11 "Africa :: SOUTH AFRICA". CIA The World Factbook. 2 November 2022. Archived from the original on 5 January 2021.
  25. ↑ Study Commission on U.S. Policy toward Southern Africa (U.S.) (1981). South Africa: time running out : the report of the Study Commission on U.S. Policy Toward Southern Africa. University of California Press. p. 42. ISBN 0-520-04547-5.
  26. ↑ Census 2011: Census in brief (PDF). Pretoria: Statistics South Africa. 2012. ISBN 9780621413885.
  27. ↑ "The NA Approves South African Sign Language as the 12th Official Language - Parliament of South Africa".
  28. ↑ "The languages of South Africa". Media Club South Africa. Brand South Africa. December 2011. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
  29. ↑ 29.0 29.1 "Community profiles > Census 2011". Statistics South Africa Superweb. Archived from the original on 30 September 2013. Retrieved 21 August 2013.
  30. ↑ "In South Africa, many blacks convert to Islam". Christian Science Monitor. 10 January 2002. Retrieved 29 August 2017.
  31. ↑ "South Africa – Section I. Religious Demography". U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 15 July 2006.
  32. ↑ "The World FactBook - South Africa", The World Factbook, 2022, archived from the original on 5 January 2021Template:PD-notice
  33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 33.2 "World Refugee Survey 2008". U.S. Committee for Refugees and Immigrants. 19 June 2008. Archived from the original on 5 October 2007.
  34. ↑ "P03022009_6". Statssa.gov.za. Archived from the original on 5 August 2012. Retrieved 5 January 2014.
  35. ↑ "So where are Zimbabweans going?". 8 November 2005. Retrieved 6 February 2023.
  36. ↑ Slabbert, Antoinette (1 June 2009). "SA het baie meer mense as geraam" [SA population may be much larger than previously thought]. sake24.com. Archived from the original on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 6 February 2023.
  37. ↑ "South African Department of Home Affairs". Archived from the original on 18 September 2010. Retrieved 6 February 2016.
  38. ↑ South African Police Service 2009 Annual Report Archived 25 July 2013 at the Wayback Machine page 9 indicating the number exceeds 3 million
  39. ↑ "Mid-year population estimates 2022" (PDF). Statistics South Africa. 28 July 2022. Retrieved 14 November 2022.
  40. ↑ "South Africa: Settlement Patterns". Britannica.com. Retrieved 25 October 2017.

Further reading

Template:Demographics of South Africa Template:Ethnic groups in South Africa Template:South Africa topics Template:Africa in topic

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