Foreign relations of Trinidad and Tobago
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Modern Trinidad and Tobago maintains close relations with its Caribbean neighbours and major North American and European trading partners. As the most industrialized and second-largest country in the English-speaking Caribbean, Trinidad and Tobago has taken a leading role in the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), and strongly supports CARICOM economic integration efforts. It also is active in the Summit of the Americas process and supports the establishment of the Free Trade Area of the Americas, lobbying other nations for seating the Secretariat in Port of Spain.
As a member of CARICOM, Trinidad and Tobago strongly backed efforts by the United States to bring political stability to Haiti, contributing personnel to the Multinational Force in 1994. After its 1962 independence, Trinidad and Tobago joined the United Nations and Commonwealth of Nations. In 1967, it became the first Commonwealth country to join the Organization of American States (OAS). In 1995, Trinidad played host to the inaugural meeting of the Association of Caribbean States and has become the seat of this 35-member grouping, which seeks to further economic progress and integration among its states.
In international forums, Trinidad and Tobago has defined itself as having an independent voting record, but often supports U.S. and EU positions.
Trinidad and Tobago has historically been a trans-shipment point for South American drugs destined for the United States and Europe. This has created much tension in the country's politics.
Trinidad and Tobago is also a member-state of the International Criminal Court, without a Bilateral Immunity Agreement of protection for the U.S. military (as covered under Article 98)
Trinidad and Tobago and the Commonwealth of Nations
Trinidad and Tobago became an independent state in 1962[1][2] with Queen Elizabeth II as Queen of Trinidad and Tobago. She was represented by the Governor-General of Trinidad and Tobago.[citation needed]
On August 1, 1976, Trinidad and Tobago became a republic in the Commonwealth of Nations[3][4] with the last Governor-General, Sir Ellis Clarke becoming the first President of Trinidad and Tobago.[5][6]
Diplomatic relations
List of countries which Trinidad and Tobago maintains diplomatic relations with:
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Bilateral relations
| Country | Formal Relations Began | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| File:Flag of Armenia.svg Armenia | 29 August 2023 | See Armenia–Trinidad and Tobago relations
|
| File:Flag of Australia (converted).svg Australia | 7 January 1974 | See Australia–Trinidad and Tobago relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 January 1974[66]
|
| File:Flag of Austria.svg Austria | 2 August 1972 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 August 1972 when was accredited first ambassador of Austria to Trinidad and Tobago (resident in Caracas) Dr. Harald Godel[53] |
| File:Flag of Barbados.svg Barbados | 30 November 1966 | See Barbados–Trinidad and Tobago relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 November 1966[36]
|
| File:Flag of Brazil.svg Brazil | 27 July 1965 | See Brazil–Trinidad and Tobago relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 July 1965[112] Brazil and Trinidad and Tobago enjoy a cordial and active relation. The establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries started in 1942 with the establishment of a Brazilian Vice-Consulate in Port-of-Spain, where later the Brazilian Embassy was open in 1965. Several mutual visits of Heads of State have occurred starting in 2008, when a MOU for cooperation on energy industry was signed.[113] |
| File:Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada | 31 August 1962 | See Canada–Trinidad and Tobago relations
Both Countries established diplomatic relations on 31 August 1962.[8] Canada currently has 68,000 Trinidad and Tobagoan immigrants.
|
| File:Flag of Chile.svg Chile | 3 February 1964 | See Chile–Trinidad and Tobago relations |
| File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China | 20 June 1974 | See China–Trinidad and Tobago relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 June 1974[72]
|
| File:Flag of Cuba.svg Cuba | 8 December 1972 | See Cuba–Trinidad and Tobago relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 December 1972[57]
|
| File:Flag of Cyprus.svg Cyprus | 25 May 1972 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 May 1972 when was accredited first High Commissioner of Cyprus to Trinidad and Tobago (resident in New York City) Mr. Andreas Jacovides[53]
|
| File:Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark | 23 May 1972 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 May 1972 when was accredited first Ambassador of Trinidad and Tobago to Denmark (resident in London) Dr. Patrick Vincent Joseph Solomon[55] |
| File:Flag of Ethiopia.svg Ethiopia | 7 July 1965 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 July 1965 when was appointed first Ambassador of Trinidad and Tobago to Ethiopia Mr. George Daniel[29] |
| File:Flag of France.svg France | 31 August 1962 | See France–Trinidad and Tobago relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 31 August 1962[9] Bilateral relations between the countries France and Trinidad and Tobago have existed for about two hundred years.[115] Currently, France has an embassy in Port of Spain. Trinidad and Tobago is represented in France through its embassy in Brussels (Belgium). Trinidad and Tobago also has bilateral investment agreements with France.[116] |
| File:Flag of Georgia.svg Georgia | 8 April 2011 |
Georgia is represented in Trinidad and Tobago by its embassy in Brasília.[117] |
| File:Flag of Guyana.svg Guyana | 26 May 1966 | See Guyana–Trinidad and Tobago relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 May 1966.[118] The two share many similarities between each other due to their shared history in the Commonwealth of Nations along with having similar language, culture, demographics and religions. Both countries had substantial numbers of indentured servants from India and slaves from Africa imported into their country. In the 1970s, Trinidad and Tobago gave Guyana substantial oil exports on credit and in the 1990s, forgave hundred of millions of dollars of debt under the Paris Club Agreement. In 2017, Guyana established its first High Commission in Port of Spain. In 2018, Both countries signed a MOU(Memorandum of Understanding) on Energy Cooperation. |
| File:Flag of Haiti.svg Haiti | 31 January 1974 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 31 January 1974 when first Ambassador of Trinidad and Tobago to Haiti Mr. Charles H. Archibald presented his credentials[68] |
| File:Flag of India.svg India | 31 August 1962 | See India–Trinidad and Tobago relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 31 August 1962 when the status of the Commissioner of India in Trinidad and Tobago was raised to that of High Commissioner (Ambassador)[10] Republic of India operates a High Commission in Port of Spain,[119] whilst Republic of Trinidad and Tobago operates a High Commission in New Delhi.[120] |
| File:Flag of Italy.svg Italy | 4 January 1964 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 4 January 1964 when was appointed first Ambassador of Italy to Trinidad and Tobago (resident in Venezuela) Mr. Girolamo Pignatti[21] |
| File:Flag of Jamaica.svg Jamaica | 18 June 1963 | See Jamaica–Trinidad and Tobago relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 June 1963
|
| File:Flag of Lebanon.svg Lebanon | 1963 | Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1963 when has been accredited Ambassador of Lebanon to Trinidad and Tobago (resident in Caracas) M. Halim Shebaya.[121] |
| File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia | 6 December 1965 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 December 1965 when was accredited first ambassador of Liberia to Trinidad and Tobago (resident in Haiti) Mr. William B. Fernandez[31] |
| File:Flag of Malta.svg Malta | 24 September 2009 |
|
| File:Flag of Mexico.svg Mexico | 29 April 1966 | See Mexico–Trinidad and Tobago relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 April 1966[33] |
| File:Flag of Nigeria.svg Nigeria | 6 October 1970 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 October 1970 when was accredited first High Commissioner of Nigeria ti Trinidad and Tobago Mr. Edwin Ogbu[45]
|
| File:Flag of Pakistan.svg Pakistan | 1963 | Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1963 when Mr. S. M. Khan, Pakistan High Commissioner in Canada, has been appointed currently as High Commissioner to Trinidad and Tobago.[20] |
| File:Flag of Peru.svg Peru | 5 February 1968 | See Peru–Trinidad and Tobago relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 February 1968[39] |
| File:Flag of Russia.svg Russia | 6 June 1974 | See Russia–Trinidad and Tobago relations
The Soviet Union and Trinidad and Tobago have established diplomatic relations on 6 June 1974. Both countries have interests with each other since the Soviet Union. In August 1992, Trinidad recognized Russia as the USSR's successor. Currently, Russia is represented in Trinidad and Tobago through a non-resident embassy in Georgetown (Guyana). In 2004, Sergey Lavrov and Knowlson Gift signed the protocol on the political consultations between the two Ministries. In April 2005 the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation and the Chamber of Industry and Commerce of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago signed the cooperation agreement.[124] In 2004, the Russian Cossack folk dance had nine concerts in Port of Spain, San Fernando, Couva, and Tobago. |
| File:Flag of Senegal.svg Senegal | 21 November 1964 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 November 1964 when Trinidad Government has announced that Senegal has become the first African state to accredit an ambassador to this country. He is Mr. Ousmane Soce Diop Senegalese Ambassador in the United States, with residence in Washington.[27] |
| File:Flag of Serbia.svg Serbia | 15 March 1974 |
|
| File:Flag of Sierra Leone.svg Sierra Leone | 17 July 1975 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 17 July 1975 when accredited first High Commissioner of Trinidad and Tobago to Sierra Leone (resident in Lagos) Mr. J.S.Donaldson[77] |
| File:Flag of Singapore.svg Singapore | 15 December 1971 | See Singapore–Trinidad and Tobago relations
|
| File:Flag of South Africa.svg South Africa | 10 January 1995 | See South Africa–Trinidad and Tobago relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 January 1995
|
| File:Flag of Spain.svg Spain | 15 June 1967 | See Spain–Trinidad and Tobago relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 June 1967 |
| File:Flag of Syria.svg Syria | 11 January 1972 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 January 1972 when was accredited first Ambassador of Syrian Arab Republic (resident in Caracas) Mr. Bachir El Kotb[53] |
| File:Flag of Tanzania.svg Tanzania | 2 July 1970 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 July 1970 when was accredited first High Commissioner of Tanzania to Trinidad and Tobago (resident in New York City) Mr. Salim Ahmed Salim[44] |
| File:Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey | 22 May 1972 |
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 May 1972[54]
|
| File:Flag of Uganda.svg Uganda | 5 June 1974 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 June 1974 when has been accredited High Commissioner of Trinidad and Tobago to Uganda Mr. J. R. P. Dumas.[70] |
| File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom | 31 August 1962 | See Trinidad and Tobago–United Kingdom relations
Trinidad and Tobago established diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 31 August 1962.[12]
The UK governed Trinidad and Tobago from 1797 to 1962, when Trinidad and Tobago achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the Caribbean Development Bank, Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, and the CARIFORUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement.[129] Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention,[130] |
| File:Flag of the United States.svg United States | 31 August 1962 | See Trinidad and Tobago–United States relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 31 August 1962[13] The United States and Trinidad and Tobago enjoy cordial relations. U.S. interests there and throughout the hemisphere focus on increasing investment and trade, and ensuring more stable supplies of energy. They also include enhancing Trinidad and Tobago's political and social stability and positive regional role through assistance in drug interdiction, health issues, and legal affairs. The U.S. embassy was established in Port of Spain in 1962, replacing the former consulate-general.
|
| File:Flag of Venezuela.svg Venezuela | 14 September 1962 | See Trinidad and Tobago–Venezuela relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 September 1962[14]
|
| File:Flag of Zambia.svg Zambia | 17 February 1971 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 17 February 1971 when first Zambia's high commissioner in Trinidad and Tobago, Mr. Vernon Johnson Mwaanga presented his credentials to Governor General Sir Solomon Hochoy[46] |
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International organisations
On its independence in 1962, Trinidad and Tobago joined the United Nations and the Commonwealth of Nations. In 1967, it became the first Commonwealth country to join the Organization of American States (OAS).
In 1995, Trinidad played host to the inaugural meeting of the Association of Caribbean States and has become the seat of this 35-member grouping, which seeks to further economic progress and integration among its states.
As the most industrialized and second-largest country in the English-speaking Caribbean, Trinidad and Tobago has taken a leading role in the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), and strongly supports CARICOM economic integration efforts. It also is active in the Summit of the Americas process and supports the establishment of the Free Trade Area of the Americas, lobbying other nations for seating the Secretariat in Port of Spain. As a member of CARICOM, Trinidad and Tobago strongly backed efforts by the United States to bring political stability to Haiti, contributing personnel to the Multinational Force in 1994.
Trinidad and Tobago is also a member-state of the International Criminal Court, without a Bilateral Immunity Agreement of protection for the U.S. military (as covered under Article 98).
In July 2013 the President of Venezuela, Nicolás Maduro invited Trinidad and Tobago to join the Union of South American Nations.[131]
See also
- List of diplomatic missions in Trinidad and Tobago
- List of diplomatic missions of Trinidad and Tobago
- Trinidad and Tobago passport
- War on drugs
References
- ↑ "Independence Timeline: 1962 to present". Trinidad Express Newspapers. 25 August 2014. Retrieved 8 March 2024.
- ↑ "A Guide to the United States' History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: Trinidad and Tobago". Office of the Historian. 31 August 1962. Retrieved 8 March 2024.
- ↑ "T&T didn't become a Republic on Sept 24, but here's why it's celebrated on that day". Trinidad Guardian. 23 September 2022. Retrieved 8 March 2024.
- ↑ "Trinidad and Tobago country profile". BBC News. 24 October 2012. Retrieved 8 March 2024.
- ↑ Donovan, Paul (20 January 2011). "Sir Ellis Clarke obituary". The Guardian. Retrieved 8 March 2024.
- ↑ "Memories of Sir Ellis Clarke". Trinidad Guardian. 2 September 1917. Retrieved 8 March 2024.
- ↑ "Diplomatic relations between Trinidad and Tobago and ..." United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 5 August 2024.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 "Canada-Trinidad and Tobago relations". international.gc.ca. 29 April 2020. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 "Liste chronologique des ambassadeurs, envoyes extraordinaires, ministres plenipotentiaires et chrges d'affaires de France a l'etranger depuis 1945" (PDF). diplomatie.gouv.fr (in French). p. 70/86. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Trinidad and Tobago Year Book. Franklin's Electric Printery. 1966. p. 317. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
- ↑ Encyclopaedia Judaica: A-Z. Encyclopaedia Judaica. 1972. p. 444.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Ministry of Foreign and CARICOM Affairs (12 July 2017). "His Excellency Orville London presents credentials to Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II". Ministry of Foreign and CARICOM Affairs. Port of Spain. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 January 2025. Retrieved 6 July 2025.
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 "A Guide to the United States' History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: Trinidad and Tobago". history.state.gov. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 "Venezuela celebra el 58° aniversario del establecimiento de sus relaciones diplomáticas con Trinidad y Tobago". Cancillería Venezuela (in Spanish). Retrieved 6 June 2023.
- ↑ Jaarboek van het Departement van Buitenlandse Zaken Volumes 73-75 (in Dutch). Netherlands. Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken. 1962. p. 74.
- ↑ The Trinidad and Tobago Year Book ... Containing Information Obtained from Official Records and Reliable Sources. 1962. p. 311.
- ↑ "Trinidad and Tobago Country Profile" (PDF). jis.gov.jm. p. 2. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
- ↑ "No more legations". The Swiss Observer: 50611. 1963.
- ↑ "Trinidad und Tobago: Steckbrief". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 6 June 2023.
- ↑ 20.0 20.1 The Diplomat Volume 6. M. Aziz. 1963.
- ↑ 21.0 21.1 Daily Report, Foreign Radio Broadcasts Issues 5-6. United States. Central Intelligence Agency. 1964.
- ↑ "Consideraciones Generales sobre Jamaica y el Caribe de habla inglesa" (PDF). Embajada de Chile Kingston, Jamaica (in Spanish). November 1992. p. 11. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 May 2023. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ↑ Ghana News Volume 2. Embassy of Ghana. 1964. p. 11. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
- ↑ Mideast Mirror, 16. 1964. p. 20.
- ↑ "トリニダード・トバゴ概況 - Republic of Trinidad and Tobago" (PDF). tt.emb-japan.go.jp (in Japanese). p. 21/38. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
- ↑ "Establecimiento de Relaciones Dilpomáticas entre la República Argentina y la República de Trinidad y Tobago". Biblioteca Digital de Tratados Argentina (in Spanish). Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ↑ 27.0 27.1 West Africa. West Africa Publishing Company, Limited. 1964. p. 1281.
- ↑ "Minister of Foreign and CARICOM Affairs welcomes his brazilian counterpart to celebrate the 60th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries". Ministry of Foreign and CARICOM Affairs Trinidad and Tobago. 21 January 2025. Archived from the original on 6 February 2025. Retrieved 6 February 2025.
- ↑ 29.0 29.1 Africa Research Bulletin. Blackwell. 1965. p. 335.
- ↑ News Issues 1-78. Embassy of Uruguay. Uruguay. Embajada (U.S.). 1965.
- ↑ 31.0 31.1 Trinidad and Tobago Gazette Volume 8. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1969. p. 131.
- ↑ S. Steinberg (26 December 2016). The Statesman's Year-Book 1965-66. Palgrave Macmillan UK. p. 529. ISBN 978-0-230-27094-7.
- ↑ 33.0 33.1 "Hoy conmemoramos el 56 aniversario de relaciones diplomáticas entre México y Trinidad y Tobago". Relaciones Exteriores (in Spanish). Retrieved 6 June 2023.
- ↑ "Countries with which Guyana has Establishment Diplomatic Relations" (PDF). minfor.gov.gy. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 March 2016. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ↑ "The Kingdom of Sweden to establish an Honorary Consul in Tobago". Ministry of Foreign and CARICOM Affairs. Archived from the original on 1 May 2025. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
- ↑ 36.0 36.1 "List of countries with which Barbados has diplomatic relations by regions". Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade (Barbados). Archived from the original on 13 August 2017. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ↑ "Relaciones diplomáticas del Estado Espaniol" (in Spanish). p. 307. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
- ↑ Documentos revista de información política · Issues 30-31 (in Spanish). Universidad Central de Venezuela. Instituto de Estudios Políticos. 1967. p. 490.
- ↑ 39.0 39.1 "Remarks delivered by the Minister of Foreign and Caricom Affairs of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago at the commemoration of the 196th anniversary of the independence of the Republic of Peru" (PDF). foreign.gov.tt. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
- ↑ "Trinidad y Tobago". cancilleria.gov.co (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 24 November 2021. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ↑ "Remarks delivered by Ms Reita Toussaint, Permanent Secretary (Ag), Ministry of Foreign and CARICOM Affairs on the occasion of the National Day of the Dominican Republic" (PDF). 28 February 2019. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
- ↑ "Bulletin de documentation_1969_15" (PDF). sip.gouvernement.lu (in French). p. 20. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
- ↑ "51ème anniversaire des relations diplomatiques entre la Belgique et Trinité et Tobago - Déclaration commune". diplomatie.belgium.be (in French). 10 May 2021. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
- ↑ 44.0 44.1 Trinidad and Tobago Gazette - Volume 12, Issues 1-172. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1973. p. 213.
- ↑ 45.0 45.1 Trinidad and Tobago Gazette Volume 12, Issues 1-172. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1973. p. 175.
- ↑ 46.0 46.1 Daily Report, Foreign Radio Broadcasts Issues 31-40. United States. Central Intelligence Agency. 1971. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
- ↑ "Celebramos 50 años de relaciones diplomáticas con la República de Trinidad y Tobago". Ministerio Relaciones Exteriores y Culto (in Spanish). Retrieved 7 July 2023.
- ↑ "Norges opprettelse af diplomatiske forbindelser med fremmede stater" (PDF). regjeringen.no (in Norwegian). 27 April 1999. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
- ↑ "Bilateral Relations". The High Commission of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago New Delhi, India. Archived from the original on 20 February 2015. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
- ↑ "Diplomatic & Consular List" (PDF). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Singapore. 2 July 2015. p. 217. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ↑ "Trinidad and Tobago". Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland. Archived from the original on 6 October 2016. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ↑ "Rosario en Multinoticias (22 de Noviembre del 2017)" (in Spanish). 22 November 2017.
- ↑ 53.0 53.1 53.2 53.3 53.4 53.5 Trinidad and Tobago Gazette Volume 12, Issues 1-172. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1973. p. 176.
- ↑ 54.0 54.1 "Joint Statement on the Commemoration of the 50th Anniversary of the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations between Trinidad and Tobago and Turkey". Ministry of Foreign and CARICOM Affairs. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
- ↑ 55.0 55.1 "Udenlandske diplomatiske og konsulære repræsentationer i Danmark" (PDF). Kongelig Dansk Hof-og Statskalender 1974 (in Danish). p. 260/1388. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
- ↑ "Diplomatic Relations of Romania". Ministry of Foreign Affairs Romania. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ↑ 57.0 57.1 "Remarks delivered by Ms. Reita Toussaint, Ag. Permanent Secretary on behalf of the Hon. Dennis Moses at the reception in celebration of the 45th Anniversary of the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations between T&T and Cuba". Ministry of Foreign and CARICOM Affairs. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
- ↑ "Point de la cooperation - Côte d'ivoire - Trinite et Tobago" (.doc) (in French). 13 July 2015. Archived from the original on 4 September 2016. Retrieved 23 December 2024.
- ↑ Middle East Economic Digest Volume 17. 1973. p. 1070.
Kuwait and Trinidad and Tobago have decided to establish diplomatic relations at ambassadorial level ... (MEED 3 : 9 : 73)
- ↑ 60.0 60.1 "Ежегодник Большой Советской Энциклопедии. 1974. Выпуск восемнадцатый: Зарубежные страны" (PDF) (in Russian). p. 396. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 June 2023. Retrieved 1 March 2024.
- ↑ Translations on Near East and North Africa Issues 1072-1082. United States. Joint Publications Research Service. 1973. p. 54.
- ↑ "Minister Dennis Moses welcomes newly appointed Ambassador of Indonesia" (PDF). Ministry Foreign and CARICOM Affairs. 26 May 2017. Retrieved 4 May 2026.
- ↑ Inter-American Yearbook on Human Rights / Anuario Interamericano de Derechos Humanos, Volume 10 (1994) Volume 1. Brill. 15 August 2022. p. 6. ISBN 978-90-04-53063-8.
- ↑ John Reginald P. Dumas (1995). In the Service of the Public Articles and Speeches 1963-1993, with Commentaries. Canoe Press, University of the West Indies. p. 123. ISBN 978-976-8125-24-8.
- ↑ Who's who in Latin America Government, Politics, Banking & Industry · Volume 4, Issue 2. Norman Ross Pub. 1997. p. 223.
- ↑ 66.0 66.1 Australia's Diplomatic Relations with the Caribbean. Australian foreign affairs record.Vol. 45 No. 1 (January 1974). p. 53. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
- ↑ ARR: Arab Report and Record. Economic Features, Limited. 1974. p. 28.
- ↑ 68.0 68.1 Jean-Claude Duvalier (1978). Discours et messages: 21 avril 1973-avril 1975 (in French). Impr. H. Deschamps. p. 121.
- ↑ Yugoslav Survey Volume 28. Jugoslavija Publishing House. 1987. p. 152.
- ↑ 70.0 70.1 Diplomatic and Consular List. Uganda. Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 1966. p. 4.
- ↑ "Russia – Trinidad and Tobago". The Embassy of the Russian Federation in the Cooperative Republic of Guyana. Archived from the original on 17 July 2020. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ↑ 72.0 72.1 "Trinidad and Tobago and China committed to continue strengthening and deepening their bilateral relationship – 13th July, 2016". Ministry of Foreign and CARICOM Affairs. 14 July 2016. Archived from the original on 5 June 2023. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
- ↑ "Presentation of Credentials by H.E. Dr. Lovell Francis to His Excellency Prithvirajsing Roopun, President of the Republic of Mauritius on July 27, 2022". 27 July 2022. Archived from the original on 26 August 2022. Retrieved 5 April 2025.
- ↑ "Trinidad and Tobago and Saudi Arabia seek to strengthen bilateral relations". Ministry of Foreign and CARICOM Affairs. Archived from the original on 30 November 2024. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
- ↑ "New Zealand Heads of Overseas Missions". New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs & Trade. Archived from the original on 22 January 2009. Retrieved 18 November 2023.
- ↑ Magyar Külpolitikai Évkönyv 1968-2010 (in Hungarian). Magyar Külpolitikai Évkönyv, 1975. p. 47. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
- ↑ 77.0 77.1 Diplomatic and Consular List. Sierra Leone. Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 1972. p. 13.
- ↑ Foreign Affairs Malaysia, 6–9. Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Information Division. 1976. p. 59.
- ↑ Translations on Sub-Saharan Africa Issues 1700-1710. United States. Joint Publications Research Service. 1977. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
- ↑ "On this day in 1977, Grenada & the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago established diplomatic relations". 18 February 2024. Retrieved 18 February 2024.
- ↑ "Trindade e Tobago". portaldiplomatico.mne.gov.pt (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 22 October 2020. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ↑ "Lijst van Diplomatieke Betrekkingen en Visum-afschaffingsovereenkomsten" (PDF). gov.sr (in Dutch). Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 April 2019. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
- ↑ "Diplomatic Relations Of The Holy See". Permanent Observer Mission of the Holy See to the United Nations. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ↑ "List of countries with which Saint Lucia has established Diplomatic Relations". Archived from the original on 16 July 2023. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
- ↑ Daily report: Western Europe. Index. v.1-2 1978/1979-1980. NewsBank, inc. p. 665.
- ↑ "Diplomatic Relations – Belize" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 December 2017. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ↑ Latin America Report No. 2636. United States Joint Publications Research Service. 24 January 1983. p. 33.
- ↑ The Year that Was-- 1983: Dominican Developments. 1984. p. 8.
- ↑ Latin America Report, 2745. [Executive Office of the President], Federal Broadcast Information Service, Joint Publications Research Service. 1983. p. 205.
- ↑ News Review on South Asia and Indian Ocean. Institute for Defence Studies & Analyses. 1983. p. 929.
- ↑ Bahamas Dateline Business, Investment, Real Estate · Volumes 8-13. 1983.
... Livingstone N. Coakley has been appointed to the post of High Commissioner to five Commonwealth countries in the Caribbean. Mr. Coakley will be based in Nassau and will be the commissioner to Trinidad and Tobago, Antigua - Barbuda, Barbados, Grenada and Guyana .
- ↑ "Trinidad and Tobago". Ministry of Foreign Affairs Republic of Korea. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ↑ "สาธารณรัฐตรินิแดดและโตเบโก (Trinidad and Tobago)". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Kingdom of Thailand (in Thai). Archived from the original on 1 January 2022. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ↑ "DPRK Diplomatic Relations" (PDF). ncnk.org. August 2016. p. 5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
- ↑ "Registro de Fechas de Establecimiento de RD" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
- ↑ "Relaciones Diplomaticas de la Republica de Panama" (PDF). Memoria 2011-2012 (in Spanish). p. 195. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 August 2020. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ↑ Mojca Pristavec Đogić (2016). "Priznanja samostojne Slovenije" (PDF) (in Slovenian). p. 7. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 April 2023. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ↑ "Countries of the American continent: Trinidad and Tobago". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ↑ "Zimbabwe: New British Envoy Hails Inclusive Govt". allAfrica. 24 July 2009. Retrieved 23 May 2024.
- ↑ "Countries with which the Republic of Maldives has established diplomatic relations" (PDF). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Maldives. 11 May 2023. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 June 2023. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ↑ "PR acredita quatro novos Embaixadores". verdade.co.mz (in Portuguese). 11 February 2010. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ↑ "Азербайджан установил дипломатические отношения с Тринидадом и Тобаго". trend news agency (in Russian). 12 April 2011. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
- ↑ "Non-Resident Missions Accredited to T&T". Ministry of Foreign and CARICOM Affairs Trinidad and Tobago. Archived from the original on 30 November 2017. Retrieved 27 December 2023.
- ↑ "Timor-Leste and Trinidad and Tobago establish diplomatic relations". timor-leste.gov.tl. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
- ↑ "Trinidad and Tobago establishes diplomatic relations with Viet Nam". Ministry of Foreign and CARICOM Affairs. Archived from the original on 28 August 2023. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
- ↑ "Trinidad and Tobago establishes Diplomatic Relations with The State of Palestine". 23 September 2024. Retrieved 23 September 2024.
- ↑ "The Gambia and the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago have officially established diplomatic relations, signaling a new chapter of cooperation and friendship between the two nations". QTV Gambia. 10 March 2026. Retrieved 9 March 2026.
- ↑ "Honored to sign today the joint communiqué on the establishment of diplomatic relations with Trinidad and Tobago@TTUNMission. We are divided by oceans but we do share a vision and a commitment to deepen the economic partnership and friends between our two countries". 25 March 2026. Retrieved 26 March 2026.
- ↑ Front Line Pacific on Facebook
- ↑ @Eritrea_UN (29 April 2026). "The State of #Eritrea 🇪🇷 and the Republic of #Trinidad and #Tobago 🇹🇹 have formally established diplomatic relations, marking a significant step in strengthening ties between #Africa and the #Caribbean. The agreement was signed today at the Permanent Mission of Trinidad and Tobago to the UN @TTUNMission by H.E. Sophia Tesfamariam @AmbStesfamariam on behalf of #Eritrea, and H.E. Neil Parson on behalf of #Trinidad and #Tobago" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
- ↑ "Americas". Archived from the original on 9 August 2022. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
- ↑ "Cria a Embaixada do Brasil em Trinidad-e-Tobago e Extingue o Consulado em Port-of-Spain. Decreto Nº 56.616 de 27 de Julho de 1965". legislacao.presidencia.gov.br (in Portuguese). Retrieved 7 June 2023.
- ↑ "República de Trinidad e Tobago". itamaraty.gov.br. Retrieved 20 July 2020.
- ↑ "MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS - Cyprus Diplomatic Missions Abroad". mfa.gov.cy. Retrieved 20 July 2020.
- ↑ Sahadeo Basdeo; Graeme Mount (2001). The Foreign Relations of Trinidad and Tobago (1962-2000). Lexicon. ISBN 976-631-023-8.
The French presence in Trinidad and Tobago dates back two centuries. It is not surprising that French influence ...
- ↑ World trade and arbitration materials v. 11, nos. 1-3 (Werner Pub. Co., 1999), 24.
- ↑ "საქართველოს საგარეო საქმეთა სამინისტრო - Home". mfa.gov.ge. Retrieved 20 July 2020.
- ↑ "Countries With Which Guyana Has Established Diplomatic Relations". minfor.gov.gy. Archived from the original on 26 August 2024. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
- ↑ "Hcipos.in". hcipos.in. Retrieved 20 July 2020.
- ↑ Trinidad and Tobago High Commission in New Delhi Archived 2015-04-29 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Trinidad and Tobago Year Book. Franklin's Electric Printery. 1963. p. 307.
- ↑ "Inicio". embamex.sre.gob.mx. Retrieved 20 July 2020.
- ↑ "Embassy in Washington D.C., U.S.A." Ministry of Foreign and CARICOM Affairs. Retrieved 20 July 2020.
- ↑ "Embassy of the Russian Federation in Georgetown about relations with Trinidad and Tobago". Archived from the original on 16 February 2012. Retrieved 13 July 2009.
- ↑ "TRADE AGREEMENT /SFRY-TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO". 20 October 1996. Archived from the original on 18 January 2018. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
- ↑ 126.0 126.1 "Relations between Turkey and Trinidad and Tobago".
- ↑ Diplomat Magazine (1 February 2015). "Trinidad and Tobago". Diplomat Magazine. Archived from the original on 13 May 2025. Retrieved 10 July 2025.
- ↑ "British High Commission Port of Spain". GOV.UK. Archived from the original on 25 January 2025. Retrieved 10 July 2025.
- ↑ Partington, Richard (22 March 2019). "UK secures post-Brexit trade deal with group of Caribbean countries". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 29 August 2023. Retrieved 11 December 2023.
- ↑ HM Revenue and Customs (2 January 2014). "Trinidad and Tobago: tax treaties". GOV.UK. Archived from the original on 8 April 2025. Retrieved 10 July 2025.
- ↑ Johnlall, Raphael (18 July 2013). "Venezuela President Maduro talked energy, transport while in T&T". Trinidad and Tobago Guardian. Retrieved 29 September 2013.
Apart from Mercosur, Maduro also invited T&T to be "incorporated" into Union of South American Nations (Unasur) because of its geographical proximity to the South American mainland (11 kilometres)." Maduro said.
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