Jackson County, Georgia

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Not to be confused with Jackson, Georgia; Jacksonville, Georgia; or Jacksonboro, Georgia.

Template:Infobox U.S. county

Jackson County is a county located in the East Central region of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 75,907.[1] The county seat is Jefferson.[2] Jackson County comprises the Jefferson, GA Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Atlanta-Athens-Clarke County-Sandy Springs, GA Combined Statistical Area.

History

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Most of the first non-Native American settlers came from Effingham County in 1786.[3] On February 11, 1796, Jackson County was split off from part of Franklin County, Georgia. The new county was named in honor of Revolutionary War Lieutenant Colonel, Congressman, Senator and Governor James Jackson.[4] The county originally covered an area of approximately 1,800 square miles (4,662.0 km2), with Clarksboro as its first county seat.

In 1801, the Georgia General Assembly granted 40,000 acres (160 km2) of land in Jackson County for a state college. Franklin College (now University of Georgia) began classes the same year, and the city of Athens was developed around the school. Also the same year, a new county was developed around the new college town, and Jackson lost territory to the new Clarke. The county seat was moved to an old Indian village called Thomocoggan, a location with ample water supply from Curry Creek and four large springs. In 1804, the city was renamed Jefferson, after Thomas Jefferson.

Jackson lost more territory in 1811 in the creation of Madison County, in 1818 in the creation of Walton, Gwinnett, and Hall counties, in 1858 in the creation of Banks County,[5] and in 1914 in the creation of Barrow County.

The first county courthouse, a log and wooden frame building with an attached jail, was built on south side of the public square; a second, larger, two-story brick courthouse with a separate jailhouse was built in 1817. In 1880, a third was built on a hill north of the square. This courthouse was the oldest continuously operating courthouse in the United States until 2004, when the current courthouse was constructed north of Jefferson.

Geography

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According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 343 square miles (890 km2), of which 340 square miles (880 km2) is land and 3.4 square miles (8.8 km2) (1.0%) is water.[6]

The vast majority of Jackson County is located in the Upper Oconee River sub-basin of the Altamaha River basin, with just a small portion of the county's northern edge, between Maysville to just east of Commerce, located in the Broad River sub-basin of the Savannah River basin.[7]

Rivers and creeks

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Adjacent counties

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Communities

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Cities

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Towns

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Unincorporated communities

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Demographics

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Template:US Census population

Racial and ethnic composition

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Jackson County, Georgia – Racial and ethnic composition
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 1980[8] Pop 1990[9] Pop 2000[10] Pop 2010[11] Pop 2020[12] % 1980 % 1990 % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 22,411 26,830 36,314 50,695 59,064 88.43% 89.42% 87.32% 83.81% 77.81%
Black or African American alone (NH) 2,722 2,900 3,197 4,050 5,136 10.74% 9.67% 7.69% 6.70% 6.77%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 21 60 72 91 127 0.08% 0.20% 0.17% 0.15% 0.17%
Asian alone (NH) 15 50 397 1,026 1,744 0.06% 0.17% 0.95% 1.70% 2.30%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone (NH) x [13] x [14] 1 12 30 x x 0.00% 0.02% 0.04%
Other race alone (NH) 1 5 14 59 294 0.00% 0.02% 0.03% 0.10% 0.39%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) x [15] x [16] 345 816 2,800 x x 0.83% 1.35% 3.69%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 173 160 1,249 3,736 6,712 0.68% 0.53% 3.00% 6.18% 8.84%
Total 25,343 30,005 41,589 60,485 75,907 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

2020 census

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As of the 2020 census, there were 75,907 people in the county.[17] The median age was 38.2 years, 25.6% of residents were under the age of 18, and 15.0% were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 97.3 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 94.7 males age 18 and over. 37.2% of residents lived in urban areas, while 62.8% lived in rural areas.[18]

The racial makeup of the county was 79.7% White, 6.9% Black or African American, 0.3% American Indian and Alaska Native, 2.3% Asian, 0.1% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander, 4.1% from some other race, and 6.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race comprised 8.8% of the population.[19]

As of the 2020 census, there were 26,174 households in the county, including 19,467 families; 39.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them and 20.8% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. About 18.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.[17]

There were 27,699 housing units, of which 5.5% were vacant. Among occupied housing units, 80.0% were owner-occupied and 20.0% were renter-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.6% and the rental vacancy rate was 5.6%.[17]

Law and government

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Jackson County Board of Commissioners[20]
Commission post Office holder
Chairman Marty Clark (Jackson County, Georgia)
District 1 - Central Jackson Jim Hix
District 2 - North Jackson Chas Hardy
District 3 - West Jackson Ralph Richardson Jr.
District 4 - East Jackson Marty Seagraves

Politics

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United States presidential election results for Jackson County, Georgia[21]
Year Republican Democratic Third party
No.  % No.  % No.  %
1912 46 2.65% 1,123 64.65% 568 32.70%
1916 71 5.23% 1,185 87.26% 102 7.51%
1920 334 23.81% 1,069 76.19% 0 0.00%
1924 142 11.70% 993 81.80% 79 6.51%
1928 818 48.78% 859 51.22% 0 0.00%
1932 80 5.39% 1,389 93.54% 16 1.08%
1936 187 7.09% 2,447 92.76% 4 0.15%
1940 166 9.37% 1,599 90.29% 6 0.34%
1944 221 11.19% 1,754 88.81% 0 0.00%
1948 145 6.53% 1,866 83.98% 211 9.50%
1952 409 10.91% 3,341 89.09% 0 0.00%
1956 438 12.38% 3,100 87.62% 0 0.00%
1960 472 11.44% 3,653 88.56% 0 0.00%
1964 1,664 29.62% 3,953 70.38% 0 0.00%
"text-align:center;" Template:Party shading/American Independent |1968 1,139 18.52% 1,537 25.00% 3,473 56.48%
1972 4,124 79.63% 1,055 20.37% 0 0.00%
1976 1,239 17.28% 5,931 82.72% 0 0.00%
1980 2,209 31.79% 4,591 66.07% 149 2.14%
1984 4,202 60.73% 2,717 39.27% 0 0.00%
1988 4,407 62.56% 2,607 37.00% 31 0.44%
1992 3,976 43.38% 3,792 41.37% 1,397 15.24%
1996 4,782 50.38% 3,746 39.46% 964 10.16%
2000 7,878 67.71% 3,420 29.39% 337 2.90%
2004 12,611 77.84% 3,468 21.40% 123 0.76%
2008 17,776 77.23% 4,950 21.51% 290 1.26%
2012 19,135 80.59% 4,238 17.85% 372 1.57%
2016 21,784 79.44% 4,491 16.38% 1,146 4.18%
2020 29,502 78.29% 7,642 20.28% 541 1.44%
2024 36,497 77.04% 10,472 22.10% 406 0.86%
2016 1 33.33% 1 33.33% 1 33.33%


Template:U.S. SenHead Template:U.S. SenRow Template:U.S. SenRow Template:U.S. SenFoot Template:U.S. SenHead Template:U.S. SenRow Template:U.S. SenRow Template:U.S. SenRow Template:U.S. SenRow Template:U.S. SenFoot Template:G.A. GovHead Template:G.A. GovRow Template:G.A. GovFoot As of the 2020s, Jackson County is a strongly Republican voting county. For elections to the United States House of Representatives, Jackson County is part of Georgia's 10th congressional district, currently represented by Mike Collins. For elections to the Georgia State Senate, Jackson County is divided between districts 47 and 50.[22] For elections to the Georgia House of Representatives, Jackson County is part of districts 119 and 120.[23]

Education

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Most of the county is in the Jackson County School District. Portions in Commerce and Jefferson are in, respectively, Commerce City School District and Jefferson City School District.[24]

Attractions

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National Historic Places

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Parks and cultural institutions

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Events

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  • Daisy Festival - May (first full weekend) (Nicholson)
  • Mule Days - May (Shields-Etheridge Farm)
  • Annual City Lights Festival - mid-June (Commerce)
  • Celebrate Braselton - July 4 (Braselton)
  • Art in the Park - mid-September (Hurricane Shoals)
  • Annual Fall Festival - September (last weekend) (Hoschton)


Transportation

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Major highways

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Pedestrians and cycling

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  • Fox Smallwood Dr Trail[25]
  • American Veterans Memorial Park Trail
  • Commerce Middle School Track
  • Curry Creek Reservoir Trail
  • Jefferson Memorial Stadium Track
  • East Jackson Park Walking Trail
  • South Jackson Elementary Nature Trail & Walking Track
  • Hurricane Shoals Nature Trail
  • Sells Mill Nature Trail
  • Sandy Creek Park Walking Trail
  • Braselton Riverwalk Trail
  • East Jackson High School Track
  • W Jackson Middle School Track
  • West Jackson Park Walking Track
  • Jackson County High School Track & Nature Trail

See also

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References

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  1. ↑ "Census - Geography Profile: Jackson County, Georgia". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved December 27, 2022.
  2. ↑ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  3. ↑ Nash, Gustavus James Nash (1914). The Early History of Jackson County, Georgia. Atlanta: W. E. White. p. 51. Retrieved May 21, 2016.
  4. ↑ Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States. Govt. Print. Off. p. 167.
  5. ↑ Green, James A. "Map of the County of Jackson by James A. Green". County Maps, Surveyor General, RG 3-9-66. Georgia Archives. Retrieved May 21, 2016.[permanent dead link]
  6. ↑ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
  7. ↑ "Georgia Soil and Water Conservation Commission Interactive Mapping Experience". Georgia Soil and Water Conservation Commission. Archived from the original on October 3, 2018. Retrieved November 18, 2015.
  8. ↑ "1980 Census of Population - General Social and Economic Characteristics - Georgia - Table 58 - Race by Sex: 1980 and Table 59 - Persons by Spanish Origin, Race, and Sex: 1980" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. p. 12-52. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 18, 2026 – via Wayback Machine.
  9. ↑ "1990 Census of Population - General Population Characteristics - Georgia: Table 6 - Race and Hispanic Origin" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. p. 15-65. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 1, 2025 – via Wayback Machine.
  10. ↑ "P004: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Jackson County, Georgia". United States Census Bureau.
  11. ↑ "P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Jackson County, Georgia". United States Census Bureau.
  12. ↑ "P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Jackson County, Georgia". United States Census Bureau.
  13. ↑ included in the Asian category in the 1980 Census
  14. ↑ included in the Asian category in the 1990 Census
  15. ↑ not an option in the 1980 Census
  16. ↑ not an option in the 1990 Census
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 "2020 Decennial Census Demographic Profile (DP1)". United States Census Bureau. 2021. Retrieved 13 December 2025.
  18. ↑ "2020 Decennial Census Demographic and Housing Characteristics (DHC)". United States Census Bureau. 2023. Retrieved 13 December 2025.
  19. ↑ "2020 Decennial Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171)". United States Census Bureau. 2021. Retrieved 13 December 2025.
  20. ↑ "Board of Commissioners".
  21. ↑ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved March 20, 2018.
  22. ↑ "Georgia General Assembly". www.legis.ga.gov. Retrieved November 28, 2025.
  23. ↑ "Georgia General Assembly". www.legis.ga.gov. Retrieved November 28, 2025.
  24. ↑ "2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Jackson County, GA" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved May 7, 2023. - Text list
  25. ↑ "Walking Trails - Tourism - Jackson County Area Chamber of Commerce". Archived from the original on April 19, 2018. Retrieved April 18, 2018.
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Template:Geographic Location Template:Jackson County, Georgia Template:Georgia (U.S. state) Coordinates: 34°08′N 83°34′W / 34.13°N 83.56°W / 34.13; -83.56

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