List of battles before 301

Before 500 BC

Note: Many ancient battles are implied by the records of the campaigns in which they occurred. For a list of known conflicts that includes those without described battles, see List of wars: before 1000.

Year	Battle	Loc.	Description
c. 11,600 BC	Jebel Sahaba		Qadan culture groups battle and raid against each others for resources in Jebel sabaha area South of what is now Egypt and north of Sudan
c. 5000 BC	Attack on Talheim		Local forces defeated by attackers in modern-day Germany.
	Massacre of Schletz		More than 200 Neolithic people were killed by blunt force around the same time as the massacre at Talheim, before being dumped in a mass grave on the site of present-day Schletz, Austria.
	Massacre of Kilianstädten		Around the same time as the massacre at Talheim, at least 26 Neolithic people were killed by blunt force and arrow wounds. Their bodies were buried in a mass grave at Kilianstädten.
c. 3320 BC	Battle of Naqada		King Scorpion I of Thinis defeats and kills King Bull of Naqada, uniting Upper Egypt.
c. 3200 BC	Invasion of Maadi		Naqada attacked the Maadi-Buto culture and invaded Maadi, Maadian culture were vacated giving way to the Naqada III.
c. 3100 BC	Unification Battle of Egypt "Narmer Palette Battle"		King Narmer of Upper Egypt defeats Lower Egypt in battle and founds the Old Kingdom of Egypt.
c. 2600 BC	Siege of Aratta	?	King Enmerkar of Uruk defeats the king of Aratta in modern-day Armenia and forces the kingdom into submission
c. 2580 BC	Siege of Uruk		Uruk led by their King Gilgamesh and their General Enkidu, repel a siege by Aga of Kish and his allies from Isin and Nippur, capturing the Kings of Isin and Nippur.
c. 2450 BC	Battle of Umma		Lagash decisively defeats Umma and makes it a tributary state.
c. 2334 BC	Battle of Uruk		Sargon of Akkad defeats the Sumerian force led by Lugal-Zage-Si at Uruk.
c. 2320 BC	Siege of Hattusa		Sargon of Akkad invades the Hattians and fails to take their capital of Hattusa.
c. 2300 BC	Battle of Terqa		The Kingdom of Ebla allied with the Kingdom of Nagar, Kingdom of Kish, and the Ib'al end the Third Mari-Ebla War by decisively defeating the Kingdom of Mari in Northeast Syria.
c. 2004 BC	Sack of Ur		Elam sacks Ur and thus ends the Third Dynasty of Ur.
c. 1923 BC	Siege of Ur		King Gungunum of Larsa captures Ur from Isin.
1809 BC	Siege of Assur		Shamshi-Adad I conquers Assur and deposes Erishum II to become King of Assyria.
1801 BC	Sack of Uruk		Rim-Sin I of Larsa conquers and sacks Uruk, but spares the inhabitants.
c. 1796 BC	Siege of Mari		Shamshi-Adad I of Assyria conquers Mari.
1792 BC	Sack of Isin		Rim-Sin I of Larsa conquers and sacks Isin.
c. 1780 BC	Siege of Qabra		Shamshi-Adad I of Assyria and Ekallatum and Dadusha of Eshnunna defeat and annex the city of Qabra
c. 1764 BC	Siege of Hiritum		King Hammurabi of Babylonia allied with Mari defeats Elamite invasion.
c. 1763 BC	Siege of Larsa		Hammurabi defeats his former ally Rim-Sin I and conquers the city-state of Larsa for Babylonia.
c. 1600 BC	Battle of Mingtiao		Tang of Shang defeats Jie of Xia, marking the beginning of the Shang dynasty.
c. 1595 BC	Sack of Babylon		Hittites sack Babylon and end the First Babylonian dynasty, leaving the area to be occupied by their Kassite allies for centuries.
c. 1552 BC	Battle of Nefrusy		Kamose forces reached Nefrusy, a detachment of Kamose's Medjay troops attacked the Hyksos garrison and overran it
c. 1550 BC	Siege of Avaris		Egyptians under Ahmose I expel the Hyksos from Egypt after taking their capital of Avaris.
c. 1530 BC	Siege of Sharuhen	or	Egyptians under Ahmose I siege and raze town of Sharuhen in southern Canaan, the last stronghold the Hyksos fled to after he expelled them from Egypt.
c. 1504 BC	Siege of Kerma		Egyptians under Thutmose I conquer Kerma culture in Nubia.
c. 1457 BC	Battle of Megiddo		Egyptian forces, led by Thutmose III, rout the Canaanite forces under the King of Kadesh.
c. 14th century BC	Battle of the Ten Kings	or	Indo-Aryan tribal king Sudas defeats the invading Ten Kings in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent.
c. 1319 BC	Battle of the Astarpa		Hittite forces, led by Mursili II, destroy the Arzawa army under Piyama-Kurunta, son of their king Uhha-Ziti. Mursili destroys Milawanda and besieges Apasa as a result, forcing the king to retreat to Ahhiyawa along with his sons.
c. 1312 BC	Battle of Ganuvara		Hittites defeat the Hayasa-Azzi confederation.
c. 1332 BC	Battle of Sugagu		Kurigalzu II of Kassite Babylon fights the armies of Adad-nirari I to a disputed result.
c. 1300 BC	Battle at Gibeah		Biblical battle between the Israelite Tribe of Benjamin and the other tribes of Israel, regarding the death of a concubine.
c. 1280 BC	Battle of Kār Ištar		Assyrians defeat Babylonians.
c. 1278 BC	Ramesses II's Battle against Sherden pirates		Egyptians under Ramesses II defeat Sherden pirates.
c. 1275 BC – c. 1205 BC	Battles of Alashiya		Hittite navy and army defeat the navy and army of the Kingdom of Alashiya in modern-day Cyprus. One of the first naval battles ever recorded.
c. 1274 BC	Battle of Kadesh	and	King Muwatalli II of the Hittites surprises Ramesses II; the battle ends in a draw.
c. 1269 BC	Siege of Dapur		Egyptian forces, led by Ramesses II, conquer Dapur.
c. 1250 BC	Battle of the Tollense		The largest excavated battle site of this age anywhere in the world, fought between unknown polities.
c. 1237 BC	Battle of Nihriya		Tukulti-Ninurta I of Assyria defeats Tudḫaliya IV of the Hittites.
c. 1225 BC	Sack of Babylon		Tukulti-Ninurta I sacks and captures Babylon.
c. 1208 BC	Battle of Perire		Egypt defeats Libyan and Sea People coalition.
c. 1184 BC	Siege of Troy		Greeks led by Mycenae sack Troy in Northwestern Anatolia, ending 10 year Trojan War.
c. 1178 BC	Battle of Djahy		Major land battle where Pharaoh Ramesses III defeats the Sea Peoples who were attempting to invade and conquer Egypt.
c. 1175 BC	Battle of the Delta		Egypt under Ramesses III repels a major naval invasion by the Sea Peoples.
c. 1150 BC	Battle of Mount Tabor		Israelites led by Barak and Deborah defeat Caananites led by the King of Hazor.
c. 1122 BC	Battle of the River Ulaya		Nebuchadnezzar I of Babylon routs the Elamites under Hutelutush-Inshushinak.
c. 1046 BC	Battle of Muye		Decisive victory of the Zhou dynasty against the Shang dynasty.
c. 1025 BC	Battle of Michmash		Israelites defeat Philistines.
c. 1010 BC	Battle of Mount Gilboa		The Israelites fight against the Philistines; King Saul and his son Jonathan die.
	Siege of Jebus		King David of Israel takes the city of Jebus, later known as Jerusalem, from the Jebusites. It becomes the Israelite capital city.
c. 993 BC	Siege of Rabbah		King David takes the capital of the Ammonites, subjugating them to Israel.
925 BC	Battle of Bitter Lakes		Shoshenq I of Egypt defeats a Bedouin incursion after surprising the enemy at the shores of the Bitter Lakes.
	Sack of Jerusalem		The Egyptians capture and plunder the Israelite capital of Jerusalem.
913 BC	Battle of Mount Zemaraim		Judah under King Abijah defeats Israel under King Jeroboam I; 500,000 Israelites fall in a single battle.
878 BC	Battle of Suru		Assyrian king Ashurnasirpal II takes the fortress of Suru from the Babylonians.
858 BC	Sack of Sugunia	or	Assyrians under Shalmaneser III sack the city of Sugunia of the Urartian .
854 BC	Sack of Araškun		Assyrians under Shalmaneser III sack the city of Araškun the Urartian capital forcing them to change their capital.
853 BC	Battle of Karkar		Assyrian Shalmaneser III faces a military alliance of the king of Damascus and 11 other rulers including Israel.
814 BC	Battle of Dur-Papsukkal	or	Assyrian king Shamshi-Adad IV razes the Babylonian city, then defeats the army of their king Marduk-balassu-iqbi.
796 BC	Siege of Damascus		Assyrian king Adad-nirari III sieges and captures the Aramean capital of Damascus under Ben-Hadad III.
771 BC	Battle of Mount Li		Quanrong barbarians decisively defeat the Zhou, severely weakening the dynasty
c. 750 BC	Battle of the Lacus Curtius		The newly formed Roman Kingdom under King Romulus defeats the Sabines.
743–740 BC	Siege of Arpad		Assyrian king Tiglath-Pileser III takes and razes the Aramean-Syrian capital of Arpad after besieging it for three years.
743 BC	Battle of Kummuh		Assyrian King Tiglath-Pileser III defeats King Sarduri I of Urartu who was attempting to relieve Arpad, taking hold of northern Syria.
733 BC	Siege of Gezer		The Assyrian king, Tiglath-Pileser III takes Gazru (Gezer) from the Kingdom of Israel.
724-720 BC	Siege of Tyre		Assyrians under Shalmaneser V and later Sargon II lay siege to the Phoenecian city of Tyre for 4 years but can't take the city.
722 BC	Siege of Samaria		Assyrian king Sargon II begins his reign by concluding a siege started by his predecessor Tiglath-Pileser III, bringing a final destructive conquest to the northern Kingdom of Israel after taking their capital.
720 BC	Battle of Raphia (720 BC)		Assyrians defeat the Egyptian-Philistine alliance, Gaza and Rafah are looted and Assyrian control over Philistia secured.
c. 715 BC	Siege of Hermopolis		Nubians led by King Piye annex Hermopolis from Egyptians of Nimlot of Hermopolis.
714 BC	Battle of Lake Urmia		King Sargon II of Assyria decisively defeats King Rusa I of Urartu at Lake Urmia, Urartu soon becomes an Assyrian client state.
707 BC	Battle of Xuge		Zhou dynasty is defeated by State of Zheng in the first open defiance of imperial authority that would start the Spring and Autumn period.
701 BC	Siege of Azekah		Assyrian king Sennacherib takes the city of Azekah from the Kingdom of Judah.
	Siege of Lachish		Assyrian king Sennacherib takes the city of Lachish from the Kingdom of Judah.
	Siege of Jerusalem		Sennacherib besieges the capital of the Kingdom of Judah under Hezekiah. Both sides claim victory.
	Siege of Tyre		Sennacherib unsuccessfully besieges Phoenician city-state of Tyre.
693 BC	Battle of Diyala River		King Sennacherib of Assyria defeats the Elamites of Southern Iran, led by Mushezib-Marduk, at Diyala River.
691 BC	Battle of Halule		King Sennacherib of Assyria fights a rebel force, composed of Babylonians, Chaldeans, Aramaeans, Elamites, and the tribes of the Zagros; the battle ended in a draw, although the greatest losses were suffered by the Assyrians.
689 BC	Siege of Babylon		Sennacherib sacks Babylon and puts down the Babylonians' rebellion.
685 BC	Battle of Deres		Aristomenes of Messenia fights Sparta, with an unknown and disputed end.
684 BC	Battle of Changshao		Part of Spring and Autumn period. Lu defeats Qi.
682 BC	Battle of the Great Foss		Aristomenes, Androcles, Fidas, and Aristocrates II of the alliance between Messenia and Arcadia are decisively defeated by the Spartans.
680–677 BC	Siege of Sidon		Assyrians under Esarhaddon capture, raze and rebuild the Phoenecian city of Sidon and execute their king, Abdi-Milkutti.
679 BC	Battle of Ḫubišna		Assyrians under Esarhaddon defeat the Cimmerians and kill their King, Teušpâ.
c. 675 BC	Siege of Anshan		Teispes captures the city of Anshan from the Elamites, expanding the burgeoning Persian Kingdom soon after the Persians are freed from Median rule.
671 BC	Siege of Tyre		Assyrians under Esarhaddon unsuccessfully besiege Tyre.
669 BC	Battle of Hysiae		The Argives defeat the Lacedaemonians.
663 BC	Siege of Tyre		Assyrians under Ashurbanipal unsuccessfully besiege Tyre.
	Sack of Thebes		King Asshurbanipal of Assyria, aided by the future indigenous Egyptian Pharaoh of the 26th Dynasty of Egypt Psamtik I, sacks the city and ends the Kushite 25th Dynasty of Egypt. Thebes is permanently weakened as a city.
654 BC	Sack of Sardis		Cimmerians sack the Lydian capital of Sardis and kill King Gyges of Lydia.
653 BC	Battle of Malitiosa Forest		Romans led by their king Tullus Hostilius decisively defeat the Sabines.
	Battle of Ulai		Assyrians defeat an Elamite army at the Ulai River, clearing the way to Elam. Elamite king Teumman and his son killed in the battle.
647 BC	Battle of Susa		King Assurbanipal of Assyria takes Susa from Elam, this meaning the end of the Elamites few years after.
645 BC	Battle of Loulin		Chu (state) defeats Xu in the Spring and Autumn period
642 BC	Battle of Yan		Duke Xiao of Qi, allied with Song (state) defeats his brothers to become ruler of Qi.
635 BC	Fall of Ashdod		Psamtik I of Egypt takes Ashdod from the Neo-Assyrian Empire, after a 29-year siege.
632 BC	Battle of Chengpu		Duke Wen of Jin defeats the Chu commander Ziyu in the biggest battle of the Spring and Autumn period.
627 BC	Battle of Xiao		Part of the Spring and Autumn period. Jin defeats Qin
626 BC	Revolt of Babylon		Nabopolassar successfully takes Babylon from Assyria and forms the Neo-Babylonian Empire.
616 BC	Battle of Qablin		Babylonians led by king Nabopolassar defeat the Assyrians and Mannaeans.
	Battle of Arrapha		Babylonians led by king Nabopolassar lose to the Assyrians.
615 BC	Fall of Tarbisu		The Medes led by Cyaxares take the city of Tarbisu from Assyria, pushing into their heartland.
614 BC	Fall of Assur		Nabopolassar of Babylonia and Cyaxares of the Medes take and destroy Assur, capital of Sin- Shar-Ishkun's Assyria.
612 BC	Battle of Nineveh		The Medes and Scythians join the Babylonians to sack Nineveh, the capital of Assyria.
609 BC	Battle of Megiddo		Necho II of Egypt defeats and kills King Josiah of Judah.
	Fall of Harran		Nabopolassar of Babylonia takes the Assyrian city of Harran, ruled by Ashur-uballit II, ending the Assyrian Empire.
	Siege of Harran		Egyptian assault of Harran fails.
606 BC	Siege of Kimuhu		Egyptians under Necho II take city of Kimuhu from Babylonians.
605 BC	Battle of Quramati		Egyptians defeat Babylonians east of the Euphrates River.
	Battle of Carchemish	and	Nebuchadrezzar II of Babylon begins reign by defeating Necho II of Egypt.
	Battle of Hamath		Nebuchadrezzar II of Babylon defeats Necho II of Egypt in Hamath. According to Daniel 1:1 Nebuchadrezzar II takes and despoils Jerusalem, under the rule of Jehoiakim of Judea, but Daniel was written in 167 BC and the siege was 599 BC.
604 BC	Siege of Ashkelon		Babylonia takes and razes the Philistine city of Ashkelon.
597 BC	Siege of Jerusalem		Babylonia takes and despoils Judah's capital of Jerusalem.
595 BC	Battle of Bi		Part of the Spring and Autumn period. Chu defeats Jin.
c. 590 BC	Siege of Van		Medes under Cyaxares overrun and swiftly conquer Urartu.
590 BC	Sack of Napata		Egyptians under Psamtik II sack and raze Napata, the capital of the Kingdom of Kush.
588 BC	Battle of An		Part of the Spring and Autumn period. Jin defeats Qi.
587 BC	Siege of Jerusalem		Babylonia takes and destroys Jerusalem..
586–573 BC	Siege of Tyre		Nebuchadnezzar II sieges Tyre for 13 years until the city agrees to pay tribute.
585 BC	Battle of Halys (also known as the Battle of the Eclipse)		Last battle of the war between Lydians and Medes. A solar eclipse is perceived as an ill omen and the fighting stops.
	Siege of Kirrha		Amphictyonic League led by Cleisthenes of Sicyon destroys the city of Kirrha after poisoning its water supply during the siege. Last battle of the First Sacred War.
575 BC	Battle of Yanling		Part of the Spring and Autumn period. Jin defeats Chu.
c. 570 BC	Battle of the Well of Thestis		(Also known as the Battle of Irasa), King Battus II of Cyrenaica defeats the invading Egyptians under Phraoah Apries. First known battle between the Greeks and Egyptians.
552 BC	Battle of Hyrba		Persians under Cyrus the Great defeat Medians under Harpagos.
551 BC	Battle of the Persian Border		Persians under Cyrus the Great defeat Medians under Astyages.
550 BC	Battle of the Fetters		Battle between Sparta and Arcadia.
	Battle of Pasargadae		Persians under Cyrus the Great defeat Medians under Astyages.
547 BC	Battle of Pteria		Indecisive battle between Persians under Cyrus the Great and Lydians under Croesus.
	Battle of Thymbra		Persians under Cyrus the Great defeat Lydians under Croesus.
	Siege of Sardis		Persians under Cyrus the Great take Sardis from Lydians.
546 BC	Battle of Pallene		Peisistratos defeats Athenian army in surprise attack and takes rulership of Athens.
	Battle of The 300 Champions		The Spartans defeat the Argives in a battle of 300 chosen champions. Only 3 survive.
540 BC	Battle of Alalia		Carthaginian and Etruscan fleets defeat Phocaeans.
	Siege of Xanthos		Persians under Harpagos take Xanthos, the capital of Lycia.
539 BC	Battle of Opis		Persians under Cyrus the Great defeat Babylonians.
526 BC	Siege of Gaza		Persians under Cambyses II capture Gaza after a long siege.
525 BC	Battle of Pelusium		Persians under Cambyses II defeat Egyptians under Psamtik III.
	Petubastis III Dakhla ambush		Evidence from excavations at the Dakhla Oasis show that the Persian Lost Army of Cambyses was not destroyed by a sandstorm, but rather ambushed and defeated by Egyptian pharaoh, Petubastis III.
513 BC	Capture of Gelonos	or	Persians under Darius the Great take Gelonos from Budini and Gelonians which is subsequently destroyed.
509 BC	Battle of Silva Arsia		Roman Republic defeats Etruscan forces from Tarquinii and Veii led by deposed Roman king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus.
508 BC	Siege of Rome		Etruscan forces besiege Rome, ending in a peace treaty; monarchy stays abolished in Rome.
506 BC	Battle of Boju		Forces of Wu under Sun Tzu, defeat the forces of Chu.
502 BC	Battle of Pometia		Roman forces defeat rebellion by Latin towns

5th century BC

Year	Battle	Loc.	Description
499 BC	Siege of Naxos		Persians unsuccessfully besiege Naxos.
498 BC	Siege of Sardis		Greek coalition takes Sardis which is subsequently destroyed.
	Battle of Ephesos		Persians defeat Greek coalition.
	Siege of Amathus		Cypriots under Onesilus unsuccessfully besiege Amathus.
496 BC	Battle of Lake Regillus		Romans defeat either the Etruscans or the Latins.
494 BC	Battle of Lade		Persians defeat Greek coalition.
	Battle of Sepeia		Spartan forces of Cleomenes I defeat the Argives, fully establishing Spartan dominance in the Peloponnese.
493 BC	Battle of Corioli		Romans take town from the Volsci.
490 BC	Siege of Naxos		Persians take Naxos which is subsequently destroyed.
	Siege of Eretria		Persians take Eretria.
	Battle of Marathon		Greek coalition under Miltiades defeats Persians.
	Siege of Kāśī		Ajatashatru annexes Kāśī and Kosala for Magadha.
480 BC	Battle of Thermopylae		Persians under Xerxes defeat a coalition of Greek forces led by the Spartans commanded by King Leonidas.
	Battle of Artemisium		Persian fleet fights an inconclusive battle with the Greek allied fleet.
	Battle of Salamis		Greek ships under Themistocles and Eurybiades of Sparta defeat Persian fleet in the Bay of Eleusis.
	Battle of Himera		The Greeks of Sicily, led by Gelo of Syracuse, defeat the Carthaginians under Hamilcar I of Carthage, who dies in the battle.
479 BC	Battle of Plataea		Ends the Persian invasion of Greece; Pausanias, the Spartan commander of the Greek army, routs the armies of Mardonius.
	Battle of Mycale		Greeks under Leotychidas sail to Asia Minor, attack the Persian fleet, and defeat the 60,000 Persian troops.
	Siege of Sestos		Athens take Sestos from Persians, capture and crucify their governor Artayctes the Persian general.
478 BC	Siege of Byzantium		Byzantium lost by Persians.
	Battle of Lize		Yue defeats Wu, gaining much territory, during the Warring States period of Chinese history.
477 BC	Battle of the Cremera		The Etruscan city of Veii defeats the Roman Republic at Cremera.
475 BC	Siege of Eion		The Delian League takes Eion from the Persians.
474 BC	Battle of Cumae		The Syracusans under Hiero I defeat the Etruscans and end Etruscan expansion in southern Italy.
473 BC	Battle of Kailia		Iapygians defeat the Greek colonies of Taras and Rhegion in Magna Graecia with heavy losses on both sides. According to Herodotus this was the greatest death count among Greeks in a singular battle to his memory.
466 BC	Battle of the Eurymedon		Athenians under Cimon defeat the Persians in a great naval battle.
460 BC	Battle of Hyria		Taras defeats Messapians and Peucetians.
459 BC	Battle of Papremis		Athenians and Egyptian rebels defeat Persians.
458 BC	Battle of Mount Algidus		Romans under Cincinnatus defeat the Aequi.
	Battle of Aegina		Athens defeats Aegina
457 BC	Battle of Tanagra		The Spartans defeat the Athenians near Thebes, Greece.
	Battle of Oenophyta		The Athenians defeat the Thebans and take control of Boeotia.
454 BC	Siege of Prosoptis		Persia re-establishes control over Egypt.
	Battle of Mendesium		Fifty Athenian triremes try to relieve Prosoptis unaware it succumbed, most triremes sunk by Persians.
453 BC	Battle of Jinyang		Decisive battle leading to the partition of the state of Jin into three smaller states of Zhao, Han, and Wei, which became three of the seven warring states in China.
450 BC	Siege of Citium		Persia maintains control over Cyprus.
	Battle of Salamis		Athenians under Cimon defeat the Persian fleet at Cyprus.
	Battle of Nomae		Greeks defeat Sicels of Ducetius
447 BC	Battle of Coronea		The Athenians are driven from Boeotia.
446 BC	Battle of Corbio		Roman General Titus gains a victory over the Aequi tribes.
446 BC	Battle of the Himera		Syracuse defeats Akragas
435 BC	Capture of Fidenae		Romans defeat the Veii.
	Battle of Leukimme		Corcyra defeats Corinth.
	Siege of Epidamnos		Corcyra takes their former colony of Epidamnus.
433 BC	Battle of Sybota		Athenians and Corcyreans fight the Corinthians.
432 BC	Battle of Potidaea		Athens defeats Sparta, leading to the Peloponnesian War.
429 BC	Battle of Spartolos		Chalcidians and their allies defeat Athens.
	Battle of Rhium		Naval defeat of the Peloponnesians by Athens.
	Battle of Naupactos		Phormion defeats the Peloponnesian fleet.
427 BC	Mytilenean revolt		Athens ends Mytilenian revolt.
	Siege of Plataea		Sparta besieges and destroys Plataea.
426 BC	Battle of Tanagra		Athenians under Nicias defeat Tanagra and Thebes.
	Battle of Olpae		Athenians under Demosthenes defeat the Spartans in Aetolia.
	Battle of Idomene		Demosthenes of Athens defeats Ambracia.
425 BC	Battle of Pylos		Athenians under Demosthenes again defeat the Spartans, this time capturing a Spartan fleet and leaving a Spartan contingent isolated on the island of Sphacteria.
	Battle of Sphacteria		Demosthenes and Cleon capture the Spartans on Sphacteria.
424 BC	Battle of Megara		Athens encounters defeat at Megara.
	Battle of Delion		Another Athenian invasion of Boeotia is unsuccessful.
423 BC	Battle of Lyncestis	or	Illyrians and Lyncestians fight the Spartans and Macedonians during the Peloponnessian War.
422 BC	Battle of Amphipolis		The Spartans under Brasidas defeat the Athenians under Cleon; both generals die.
418 BC	Battle of Mantinea		The Spartans under King Agis II defeat the Argives, Mantineans, and Athenians.
417 BC	Battle of Hysiae		Spartans march against Argos with their allies, yet fail to take the city itself, instead capturing Hysiae
	Battle of Orneae		Argives and Athenians defeat Spartan garrison
415 BC	Battle of Melos		Athens invades Melos.
413 BC	Sicilian Expedition		The Athenian expedition in Sicily, under Nicias and Demosthenes, is annihilated.
411 BC	Battle of Eretria		Spartans defeat the Athenian fleet.
	Battle of Syme		Spartans defeat Athenian fleet; Persia is drawn into the Peloponnesian War.
	Battle of Abydos		Athenian navy defeats Spartan fleet.
	Battle of Cynossema		The Athenians under Alcibiades defeat the Spartan fleet.
410 BC	Battle of Cyzicus		The Athenian fleet, under the leadership of Alcibiades, destroys the Spartan fleet.
409 BC	Battle of Selinus		Dorian Greek city Selinus destroyed by Carthage.
	Battle of Himera		Ionian Greek city Himera destroyed by Carthage.
406 BC	Battle of Notion		The Spartans under Lysander defeat a segment of the Athenian fleet under Antiochus.
	Battle of Mytilene		Sparta defeats Athens.
	Battle of Arginusae		The final Athenian victory of the Peloponnesian War.
	Siege of Akragas		Dorian Greek city Akragas sacked by Carthage.
405 BC	Battle of Gela		Dorian Greek city Gela sacked by Carthage.
	Battle of Aegospotami		The final battle of the Peloponnesian War; Lysander destroys the navy of Athens led by Conon.
	Sack of Camarina		Carthaginians sack Sicilian Greek city of Camarina.
404 or 403 BC	Battle of Phyle		The Athenian exiles, seeking to restore democracy in Athens, defeat the Spartans.
	Battle of Munychia		The Athenian exiles, in their search for democracy in Athens, defeat the oligarchic government of Athens.
403 BC	Battle of Piraeus		The Athenian exiles, led by Thrasybulus, are finally defeated by the Spartans of Pausanias, both sides suffering tremendous casualties. However, Piraeus and Athens are reunited and the democratic government of Athens is reestablished.
401 BC	Battle of Cunaxa		Artaxerxes II defeats Kyros the Younger who is killed in the fighting.

4th century BC

Year	Battle	Loc.	Description
398 BC	Siege of Motya		Phoenician city Motya sacked by Sicilian Greeks.
397 BC	Battle of Messene		Ionian Greek city Messene sacked by Carthage.
	Battle of Catana		Greek fleet defeated by Carthage.
	Siege of Syracuse		Battle between Syracuse and Carthage. Part of the Sicilian Wars. Greek victory.
396 BC	Battle of Veii		Romans complete conquest of Etruscans.
395 BC	Battle of Haliartus		The Spartan general Lysander is killed in a Spartan defeat by the Thebans.
	Battle of Sardis		King Agesilaus II of Sparta defeats Persia, under satrap Tissaphernes of Lydia.
394 BC	Battle of Nemea		Spartans defeat the Thebans, Athenians, Argives, and Corinthians.
	Battle of Cnidus		The Spartan fleet under Peisander is utterly destroyed by the Persian-Athenian fleet of Conon.
	Battle of Coronea		King Agesilaus II of Sparta defeats the Thebans.
	Siege of Tauromenium		Syracuse besieges the Sicels
393 BC	Battle of Abacaenum		Small Carthaginian army defeated by Dionysius I of Syracuse
392 BC	Battle of Chrysas		Inconclusive last battle of the Third Sicilian War
391 BC	Battle of Lechaeum		Iphicrates of Athens defeats Sparta during the Corinthian War.
390 BC	Battle of the Allia		Celtic Coalition under Brennus defeat Romans under Quitnus Sulpicius Longus.
389 BC	Battle of the Elleporus		Dionysius I of Syracuse defeats the Italiote League, securing his domination of Greek Southern Italy.
	Siege of Theodosia		Bosporan Kingdom tries to take Theodosia but fails
386 BC	Siege of Rhegium		Dionysius I of Syracuse conquers the city and sells the inhabitants into slavery.
385 BC	Siege of Mantinea		Sparta destroys Mantinea
384 BC	Battle of Pharos		Liburnians defeat Greek colony of Pharos and Syracuse.
380 BC	Battle of Labrytai		Bosporan Kingdom conquers the Sindlike Kingdom
377 BC	Battle of Cabala		Syracuse defeats Carthage
376 BC	Battle of Cronium		Carthage defeats Syracuse, ending the Fourth Sicilian War
	Battle of Naxos		The Athenians under Chabrias defeat the Spartans at sea.
375 BC	Battle of Tegyra		Pelopidas of Thebes defeats Sparta.
374 BC	Battle of Alyzia		Athenian navy defeats Spartan navy.
373 BC	Battle of Pelusium (373 BC)		Egyptian victory
371 BC	Battle of Leuctra		Spartans under king Cleombrotus lose to the Thebans under Epaminondas – Cleombrotus is killed. This ends the period of Spartan domination of Greece
365 BC	Siege of Theodosia		Bosporan Kingdom again tries to take Theodosia and again fails
364 BC	Battle of Cynoscephalae		The Thebans under Pelopidas fight a drawn battle with Alexander of Pherae in Thessaly. Pelopidas is killed.
362 BC	Battle of Mantinea		The Thebans and their allies, under Epaminondas, defeat the Spartans and Athenians, but Epaminondas himself is killed, ending the brief period of Theban domination.
361 BC	Battle of the Anio		Romans under Titus Quinctius Pennus defeat Celtic Coalition.
360 BC	Siege of Theodosia		Bosporan Kingdom besieges Theodosia for the third time, this time taking the city
359 BC	Battle of Methone		Philip II of Macedon defeats 3,000 Athenian mercenaries on the Macedonian coast.
358 BC	Battle of Pedum		Romans under Gaius Sulpicius Peticus defeat Celtic Coalition.
	Battle of Erigon Valley		Philip II of Macedon defeats the Kingdom of Dardania, expanding Macedonia to their northwestern frontier.
356 BC	Battle of Embata		Athenians under Chares, Iphicrates, and Timotheos are defeated by the Chians at Chios, Greece.
353 BC	Battle of Crocus Field		Philip II of Macedon defeats the Phocians in the Third Sacred War.
	Battle of Guiling		Tian Ji and Sun Bin of Qi defeat Pang Juan of Wei at Handan during the Warring States period of China.
343 BC	Battle of Mount Gaurus		Roman general Marcus Valerius Corvus defeats the Samnites.
	Battle of Suessula		The Roman Republic beats the Samnites, but is forced to withdraw due to the revolt of several of its Latin allies.
	Siege of Syracuse		Corinthian General Timoleon leads coalition with the other Sicilian Greek cities to intervene in Hicetas of Leontini's attempt to capture Syracuse, defeating him, his Carthaginian allies, Syracuse's tyrant Dionysius II of Syracuse and restoring democracy to Syracuse.
342 BC	Battle of Maling		Tian Ji and Sun Bin of Qi again defeat Pang Juan of Wei, this time at Dazhangija Town, Shen County, in Henan Province.
340 BC	Siege of Byzantium		A siege by Philip II of Macedonia.
339 BC	Battle of Vesuvius		Romans under P. Decius Mus and T. Manlius Imperiosus defeat the rebellious Latins.
	Battle of the Crimissus		Syracuse under Timoleon defeats Carthage.
338 BC	Battle of Chaeronea		2 August – Philip of Macedon crushes Athens and Thebes in their struggle to maintain their independence.
	Battle of Trifanum		Roman general T. Manlius Imperiosus decisively defeats the Latins.
	Battle of Manduria		Sparta and its colony Taras both defeated by the Brutian League in front of the walls of Manduria. Spartan king Archidamus III killed.
335 BC	Battle of Mount Haimos		Macedonians under Alexander the Great defeat Thracians.
	Siege of Pelion	, or	Macedonians under Alexander the Great defeat Illyrians.
	Battle of Thebes		Macedonians under Alexander the Great take Thebes which is subsequently destroyed.
334 BC	Battle of the Granikos		Macedonians under Alexander the Great defeat Persians.
	Siege of Miletos		Macedonians under Alexander the Great take Miletos from Persians.
	Siege of Halikarnassos		Macedonians under Alexander the Great take Halikarnassos from Persians.
333 BC	Siege of Gordion		Macedonians under Parmenion take Gordion from Persians.
	Battle of Issos		Macedonians under Alexander the Great defeat Persians under Dareios III.
332 BC	Siege of Tyros		Macedonians under Alexander the Great take Tyre.
	Siege of Gaza		Macedonians under Alexander the Great take Gaza.
331 BC	Battle of Pandosia		Italian coalition defeats Alexander I of Epirus who is killed in the fighting.
	Battle of Megalopolis		Macedonians under Antipatros defeat Spartans under Agis III.
	Battle of Gaugamela		Macedonians under Alexander the Great defeat Persians under Dareios III.
	Battle of the Uxian Defile		Macedonians under Alexander the Great defeat the Uxians.
330 BC	Battle of the Persian Gate		Macedonians under Alexander the Great defeat the Persians.
329 BC	Siege of Kyropolis		Macedonians under Alexander the Great take Kyroplis from Sogdians.
	Battle of the Jaxartes	, , or	Macedonians under Alexander the Great defeat the Saka.
328 BC	Battle of Gabai		Macedonians under Koinos defeat Sogdians under Spitamenes.
327 BC	Capture of Neapolis		The Samnites take the city of Neapolis from Rome.
	Siege of the Sogdian Rock		Macedonians under Alexander the Great take the Sogdian Rock from Sogdians.
	Siege of Aornos		Macedonians under Alexander the Great take Aornos.
326 BC	Battle of the Hydaspes		Macedonians under Alexander the Great defeat Poros.
325 BC	Battle of Imbrinium		Romans under Quintus Fabius Maximus Rullianus defeat the Samnites.
323 BC	Battle of Plataea		Athenians defeat Boeotians who are allied to Macedon.
	Battle of Thermopylae		Greek Coalition defeats Macedonians under Antipatros.
322 BC	Siege of Lamia		Greek Coalition unsuccessfully besieges Macedonians under Antipatros in Malis.
	Battle of Amorgos		Kleitos the White defeats Athenians at sea.
	Battle of Echinades		Kleitos the White defeats Athenians at sea.
	Battle of Melitea		Greek Coalition defeats Macedonians under Leonnatos who is killed in the fighting.
	Battle of Krannon		Macedonians under Antipatros and Krateros defeat Greek Coalition.
	Battle of Pataliputra		Chandragupta Maurya attacks the capital of the Nanda Empire
321 BC	Battle of the Caudine Forks		The Romans under Spurius Postumius and T. Verturius Calvinus are defeated by the Samnites under Gaius Pontius.
	Battle of the Hellespont		Eumenes defeats Krateros and Neoptolemos who are killed in the fighting.
	Battle of the Camel's rampart		Perdikkas fails in crossing the Nile against Ptolemaios and is subsequently assassinated.
319 BC	Battle of Orkynia		Antigonos Monophthalmos defeats Eumenes.
	Battle of Kretopolis		Antigonos Monophthalmos defeats Perdiccan Coalition under Alketas.
318 BC	Siege of Nora		Antigonos Monophthalmos unsuccessfully besieges Eumenes.
317 BC	Siege of Megalopolis		Polyperchon unsuccessfully besieges Megalopolis which is allied to Kassandros.
	Battle of Byzantion		Antigonos Monophthalmos and Nikanor defeat Kleitos the White at sea.
	Battle of Euia		Epirotes under Aiakides and Olympias defeat Macedonians under Philipp III and Eurydike.
	Battle of the Kopratas		Eumenes defeats advance force of Antigonos Monophthalmos.
	Battle of Paraitakene		Indecisive battle between Antigonos Monophthalmos and Eumenes.
316 BC	Siege of Pydna		Kassandros takes Pydna under Olympias who is subsequently captured alongside Roxana and Alexander IV.
315 BC	Battle of Lautulae		The Romans are defeated by the Samnites.
	Battle of Gabiene		Antigonos Monophthalmos defeats Eumenes who is subsequently executed.
314 BC	Siege of Tyros		Antigonos Monophthalmos takes Tyre from Ptolemaics.
313 BC	Battle of Oineiadai		Macedonians under Philippos defeat Epirotes under Aiakides who is killed in the fighting.
312 BC	Battle of Gaza		Ptolemaios and Seleukos defeat Demetrios.
311 BC	Battle of Myus		Demetrios defeats Ptolemaics under Killes.
	Battle of Himera		The Carthaginian general Hamilcar defeats the tyrant Agathocles of Syracuse, who is then besieged in Syracuse.
	Siege of Babylon		Seleukos takes Babylon from Antigonids.
	Battle of the Tigris		Seleukos defeats Antigonids under Nikanor and Eaugoras.
310 BC	Battle of Lake Vadimo		The Romans defeat the Etruscans.
	Siege of Babylon		Seleukos and Patrokles defeat Antigonids under Demetrios and Archelaos.
	Battle of the Thatis		Satyros II of the Bosporan Kingdom allied with the Scythians defeats his brother Eumelos and his Sarmatian army in the opening battle of the Bosporan Civil War.
	Battle of White Tunis		Agathocles of Syracuse defeats Carthage in Africa
	Siege of Syracuse		Syracuse repels a Carthaginian siege of the city
309 BC	Siege of Babylon		Antigonos takes Babylon from Seleucids.
	Battle of the 25 of Abu	or	Seleukos defeats Antigonos who is subsequently forced to recognise Seleucid rule over Babylonia, Elam and Media.
	Siege of Siracena		Satyros II is killed while besieging Eumelos
	Battle of Lake Maeotis		Eumelos defeats his brother Prytanis and takes the throne of the Bosporan Kingdom, ending the civil war
306 BC	Battle of Salamis		Demetrios defeats Menelaos at sea, Cyprus is subsequently taken from Ptolemaics.
305 BC	Battle of Bovianum		The Roman consuls M. Fulvius and L. Postumius decisively defeat the Samnites to end the Second Samnite War.
305-304 BC	Siege of Rhodes		Demetrios I Poliorketes unsuccessfully besieges Rhodes.
301 BC	Battle of Ipsos		Seleukos I and Lysimachos defeat Demetrios I Poliorketes and Antigonos I Monophthalmos, who is killed in the fighting.

3rd century BC

Year	Battle	Loc.	Description
298 BC	Battle of Camerinum		The Samnites allied with the Gauls defeat the Romans under Lucius Cornelius Scipio in the first battle of the Third Samnite War.
297 BC	Battle of Tifernum		Roman forces defeat the Samnites in Umbria.
295 BC	Battle of Sentinum		The Romans under Fabius Rullianus and Publius Decimus Mus defeat the Samnites and their Etruscan and Gallic allies, forcing the Etruscans, Gauls, and Umbrians to make peace.
293 BC	Battle of Aquilonia		The Romans decisively defeat the Samnites.
	Battle of Yique		Qin forces defeat the allied states of Wei and Han, leading to Qin's further superiority in China.
291 BC	Siege of Thebes		Demetrios I Poliorketes takes Thebes.
287 BC	Siege of Athens		Demetrios I Poliorketes unsuccessfully besieges Athens.
284 BC	Battle of Arretium		A Roman army under Lucius Caecilius is destroyed by the Gauls.
283 BC	Battle of Lake Vadimo		A Roman army under P. Cornelius Dolabello defeats the Etruscans and Gauls.
282 BC	Battle of Populonia		Etruscan resistance to Roman domination of Italy is finally crushed.
281 BC	Battle of Kurupedion		Seleukos I defeats Lysimachos who is killed in the fighting.
280 BC	Battle of Heraclea		Pyrrhos I defeats Romans under Publius Valerius Leavinus.
279 BC	Battle of Asculum		Pyrrhos I defeats Romans under Publius Decius Mus.
	Battle of Thermopylae		Invading Gaulic forces under Brennus defeat a Greek alliance and advance on the Balkans.
	Attack on Delphi		Gauls decisively defeated by Greek alliance while trying to sack Delphi. Brennus commits suicide during the retreat.
278 BC	Siege of Syracuse		Carthaginians unsuccessfully besiege Syracuse.
	Siege of Lilybaeum		Pyrrhos I unsuccessfully besieges Lilybaeum.
277 BC	Battle of Lysimachia		Macedonian Antigonid forces versus Gallic tribes that had settled in the Thracian Chersonese.
	Battle of the Cranita hills		Samnites defeat Romans under Publius Cornelius Rufinus and Caius Junius Bubulcus.
276 BC	Battle of the Strait of Messina		Carthaginians defeat Pyrrhos I at sea.
275 BC	Battle of Beneventum		Romans under Manius Curius Dentatus defeat Pyrrhos I who subsequently leaves Italy with most of his army.
	Battle of the Elephants		King Antiochus I Soter of the Seleucid Empire defeats the Galatians.
274 BC	Battle of the Aous	or	Pyrrhos I defeats Macedonians under Antigonos II Gonatas.
272 BC	Siege of Sparta		Pyrrhos I unsuccessfully besieges Sparta.
	Battle of Argos		Coalition under Antigonos II Gonatas defeats Pyrrhos I who is killed in the fighting.
	Siege of Taras		Romans take Taras.
264 BC	Battle of Messana		Rome defeats Carthage in the first battle of the First Punic War
262 BC	Battle of Agrigentum		Carthaginian forces under Hannibal Gisco and Hanno are defeated by the Romans, giving them control of most of Sicily.
261 BC	Battle of Cos		Naval victory of Antigonus II Gonatas over Ptolemy II.
	Battle of Kalinga		Ashoka the Great conquers Kalinga for the Maurya Empire.
260 BC	Battle of Changping		Army of Qin under Bai Qi routed army of Zhao and massacred 500,000 prisoners of war. Military superiority of Qin over all other states of China. Unification became a matter of time.
	Battle of Lipara Islands		A Roman naval force is defeated by the Carthaginians.
	Battle of Mylae		A Roman naval force under C. Duillius defeats the Carthaginian fleet, giving Rome control of the western Mediterranean.
259 BC	Battle of Thermae		Carthaginian defeat Romans in Sicily
258 BC	Battle of Ephesus		Rhodians under Agathostratus defeat a Ptolemaic fleet under Chremonides.
	Battle of Sulci		Minor Roman naval victory during First Punic War.
257 BC	Battle of Tyndaris		Sicilian town captured by Rome.
	Battle of Handan		States of Zhao, Chu, and Wei defeat Qin.
256 BC	Battle of Cape Ecnomus		A Carthaginian fleet under Hamilcar and Hanno is defeated in an attempt to stop a Roman invasion of Africa by Marcus Atilius Regulus.
255 BC	Siege of Aspis		Rome takes the city of Aspis in Africa
	Battle of Adys		The Romans under Regulus defeat the Carthaginians in North Africa.
	Battle of Tunis		The Carthaginians under Xanthippus, a Greek mercenary, defeat the Romans under Regulus, who is captured.
	Battle of Cape Hermaeum		Romans defeat Carthaginian fleet and successfully evacuate their army from Africa
251 BC	Battle of Panormus		Carthaginian forces under Hasdrubal are defeated by the Romans under L. Caecilius Metellus.
250 BC	Siege of Lilybaeum		Rome takes Lilybaeum after a long siege
	Battle of Panormus		Roman army led by Consul Metellus defeats Carthaginian army led by General Hasdrubal
249 BC	Battle of Drepana		Carthaginians under Adherbal defeat the fleet of Roman admiral Claudius Pulcher.
	Battle of Phintias		Carthage destroys a large Roman navy
248 BC	Siege of Drepana		Rome besieges Drepana
246 BC	Battle of Andros		Ptolemy III loses the Cyclades to Antigonus II of Macedonia.
241 BC	Battle of the Aegates Islands		Roman sea victory over the Carthaginians, ending the First Punic War
241 BC	Battle of the Caecus River		Attalus I defeats the Galatians
240 BC	Battle of Utica		Rebellious Carthaginian mercenaries defeats the Carthaginian army of Hanno II the Great
	Battle of the Bagradas River		Hamilcar defeats mercenary troops, making it the first Punic victory in the Mercenary Wars.
	Hamilcar's victory with Naravas		Hamilcar again defeats the mercenary forces, this time with the help of the Numidian defector Naravas
239 BC	Battle of Ancyra		Antiochus Hierax defeats Seleucus II Callinicus
238 BC	Battle of "The Saw"		Hamilcar defeats a great mercenary army at Tunis.
	Battle of Aphrodisium		Attalus I of Pergamon defeats Antiochus Hierax
	Battle of Leptis Parva		Final battle of the Mercenary War
233 BC	Battle of Fei		Zhou defeat the Qin
231 BC	Siege of Medion		Illyrians under Agron defeat the Aetolian League
230 BC	Battle of Phoenice		Illyrians defeat the Epirotes
229 BC	Battle of Paxos		Illyrians defeat the Aetolian League and Achaean League
	Battle of the Harpasus		Attalus again defeats Antiochus Hierax and takes over much of Anatolia
	Battle of Epidamnus		Greeks of Epirus beat back Illyrians.
	Siege of Issa		Romans lift Illyrian siege of Greek city of Issa.
227 BC	Battle of Mount Lycaeum		Cleomenes III of Sparta defeats the Achaean League
226 BC	Battle of Dyme		Sparta again defeats the Achaean League decisively, resulting in a peace treaty.
225 BC	Battle of Faesulae		The Romans are defeated by the Gauls of Northern Italy.
	Battle of Telamon		The Romans under Aemilius Papus and Caius Atilius Regulus defeat the Gauls.
222 BC	Battle of Clastidium		The Romans under Marcus Claudius Marcellus defeat the Gauls.
	Battle of Sellasia		Defeat of Cleomenes III of Sparta by Antigonus Doson of Macedon and the Achaean League.
	Battle of Dai		Qin under Qin Shihuang defeat the army of and eliminate the Zhou dynasty in their unification of China.
219 BC	Siege of Dimallum		Romans take city from Illyrians and defeat forces of Demetrius of Pharos.
	Siege of Saguntum		Hannibal of Carthage lays siege to the city of Saguntum in Spain, marking the start of the Second Punic War.
218 BC	Battle of Lilybaeum		Roman naval forces under Amellius defeat the Carthaginians, ending their attempts to colonize Sicily.
	Capture of Malta		Roman forces capture Malta
	Battle of Rhone Crossing		Hannibal defeats the Volcae Gauls, staying undefeated in his march for Italy.
	Battle of the Ticinus		November – Hannibal defeats the Romans under Publius Cornelius Scipio the elder in a small cavalry fight.
	Battle of the Trebia		Hannibal defeats the Romans under Tiberius Sempronius Longus, who had foolishly attacked.
	Battle of Cissa		Roman forces defeat a Catharginian army under Hanno, controlling the territory north of Ebro river.
217 BC	Battle of Raphia		22 June – Antiochus III the Great is defeated by Ptolemy IV.
	Battle of Lake Trasimene		24 June – In an ambush, Hannibal destroys the Roman army of Gaius Flaminius, who is killed.
	Battle of Ebro River		Roman naval forces destroy a Carthaginian fleet under Himilco, weakening Carthage's influence in Iberia.
	Battle of Ager Falernus		Hannibal defeats Roman forces under Quintus Fabius Maximus.
	Battle of Geronium		Hannibal fights Roman forces in Apulia, resulting in a strategic draw.
	Battle of Leontion		The Achaean League under Lycus of Pharae defeats Aetolian League and Elis under Euripidas of Aetolia.
216 BC	Battle of Cannae		2 August – Hannibal destroys the Roman army of Lucius Aemilius Paulus and Publius Terentius Varro in what is considered one of the great masterpieces of the tactical art.
	Battle of Silva Litana		Gallic Boii tribe ambush and destroy a Roman army
	First Battle of Nola		The Roman general Marcus Claudius Marcellus holds off an attack by Hannibal.
215 BC	Battle of Ibera		A Roman army under Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Calvus and Publius Cornelius Scipio destroys Carthaginian forces under Hasdrubal.
	Second Battle of Nola		Marcellus again repulses an attack by Hannibal.
	Battle of Decimomannu		Roman forces under Torquatus defeat a Carthaginian army under Hasdrubal the Bald in Sardinia.
214 BC	Third Battle of Nola		Marcellus fights an inconclusive battle with Hannibal.
	Battle of Beneventum		Tiberius Gracchus' slave legions defeat Hanno, son of Bomilcar and, therefore, deny Hannibal his reinforcements.
	Siege of Syracuse		The Roman general Marcellus' forces being kept at bay by the inventions of Archimedes.
212 BC	Battle of Tarentum		Hannibal defeats a Roman army in southern Italy, strengthening his situation in Italy.
	First Battle of Capua		Hannibal defeats the Consuls Q. Fulvius Flaccus and Appius Claudius, but the Roman army escapes.
	Battle of Beneventum		Quintus Fulvius Flaccus defeats Hanno (son of Bomilcar) in Southern Italy.
	Battle of the Silarus		Hannibal destroys the army of the Roman praetor M. Centenius Penula.
	Battle of Herdonia		Hannibal destroys the Roman army of the praetor Gnaeus Fulvius.
211 BC	Battle of the Upper Baetis		Publius and Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio are killed in battle with the Carthaginians under Hannibal's brother Hasdrubal Barca.
	Second Battle of Capua		Hannibal is unable to break the Roman siege of the city.
	Siege of Sardis (211 BC)		Seleucid Empire defeats and executes the usurper Achaeus.
210 BC	Second Battle of Herdonia		Hannibal destroys the Roman army of Fulvius Centumalus, who is killed.
	Battle of Numistro		Hannibal defeats Marcellus once more.
209 BC	First Battle of Lamia		Philip V of Macedon defeats an Aetolian force under Phyrrhias.
	Second Battle of Lamia		Philip V of Macedon again defeats Phyrrhias.
	Battle of Asculum		Hannibal once again defeats Marcellus, in an indecisive battle.
	Battle of Tarentum		Quintus Fabius Maximus defeats Hannibal's forces.
	Battle of Mount Labus		Seleucids defeat and subjugate the Parthians
208 BC	Battle of Baecula		The Romans in Spain under P. Cornelius Scipio the Younger defeat Hasdrubal Barca.
	Siege of Bactra		The Seleucid Empire defeats the Greco-Bactrians under Euthydemus.
	Battle of the Arius		Antiochus III defeats the Greco-Bactrians.
207 BC	Battle of Grumentum		The Roman general Gaius Claudius Nero fights an indecisive battle with Hannibal, then escapes north to confront Hannibal's brother Hasdrubal Barca, who has invaded Italy.
	Battle of Julu		Xiang Yu destroys the main Qin army for control of China.
	Battle of the Metaurus		Hasdrubal is defeated and killed by Nero's Roman army.
	Battle of Cartagena		Scipio Africanus Major destroys the Catharginian city of Cartagena in Iberia.
	Battle of Mantinea		Philopoemen of the Achaean League defeats the Spartans under Machanidas, who is killed.
206 BC	Battle of Ilipa		Scipio again decisively defeats the remaining Carthaginian forces in Spain.
205 BC	Battle of Pengcheng		Chu defeats Han under Liu Bang.
	Battle of Anyi		Han defeats Wei.
	Battle of Jingxing		Han Xin, with an army of 30,000 levies, defeats a numerically larger army of the Zhao near Jingxing (Jing Gorge), killing Chen Yu and capturing Zhao Xie, the Prince of Zhao.
205 BC	Chola Invasion of Srilanka		Chola king Ellalan defeated Asela of Anuradhapura.
204 BC	Battle of Crotona		Hannibal fights a drawn battle against the Roman general Sempronius in Southern Italy.
	Battle of Utica		Scipio Africanus fights the Carthaginians and Numidians, ending in a draw.
	Battle of Wei River		Han Xin defeats a joint Qi and Western Chu army by building a temporary dam, luring his enemies into the river, and opening the dam to drown them.
203 BC	Battle of Utica		Publius Cornelius Scipio decisively defeats Carthage under Hasdrubal.
	Battle of the Great Plains		The Romans under Scipio defeat the Carthaginian army of Hasdrubal Gisco and Syphax. Hannibal is sent to return to Africa.
	Battle of Cirta		Roman forces sack the Numidian capital, decisively defeating Carthage's ally.
	Po Valley Raid		Roman forces under Varus and Cethegus defeat Mago of Carthage, ending the Second Punic War in Italy.
	Battle of Gaixia		The Han forces led by Liu Bang, who was later to become Emperor of China, defeats their Chu opponents.
202 BC	Battle of Zama		Scipio Africanus Major decisively defeats Hannibal in North Africa, ending the Second Punic War.
201 BC	Battle of Chios		Philip V of Macedon is defeated at sea by the Rhodians and Pergamenes.
	Battle of Lade		Philip V of Macedon defeats Cleonaeus of Rhodes in a naval battle.
200 BC	Battle of Cremona		Roman forces defeat the Gauls of Cisalpine Gaul.
	Battle of Baideng		The army of Han China, attempting to conquer the Xiongnu people living to the north, is defeated and the Chinese Emperor is almost captured.
	Battle of Panium	or	Antiochus III the Great secures the conquest of Syria and Israel from Egypt with this victory.

2nd century BC

Year	Battle	Loc.	Description
198 BC	Battle of the Aous		Roman forces under Titus Quinctius Flamininus defeat the Macedonians under Philip V.
197 BC	Battle of Cynoscephalae		Romans under Flamininus decisively defeat Philip in Thessaly.
195 BC	Siege of Gythium		With assistance from Rome, Rhodes, and Macedon, Philopoemen of the Achaean League defeat the Spartans under Nabis.
	Siege of Sparta		Romans and Achaeans occupy Sparta
194 BC	Battle of Placentia		Romans defeat Gauls.
193 BC	Battle of Mutina		Roman victory over the Gauls, final Roman conquest of the Boii tribe.
191 BC	Battle of Thermopylae		Romans under Manius Acilius Glabrio defeat Antiochus III the Great and force him to evacuate Greece.
	Battle of Corycus		Romans defeat the Seleucids at sea
190 BC	Battle of the Eurymedon		Roman forces under Lucius Aemilius Regillus defeat a Seleucid fleet commanded by Hannibal, fighting his last battle.
	Battle of Myonessus		Another Seleucid fleet is defeated by the Romans.
	Battle of Magnesia		December – Romans under Lucius Cornelius Scipio and his brother Scipio Africanus Major defeat Antiochus III the Great in the decisive victory of the war.
189 BC	Battle of Mount Olympus		Roman and Pergamum forces crushingly defeat the Galatians.
	Battle of Ancyra		Rome once again defeats Galatians.
181 BC	Battle of Manlian Pass		Romans defeat Celtiberians
	Siege of Aebura		Romans take city from Celtiberians during the First Celtiberian War
180 BC	Battle of Kali Sindhu		Indian Shunga Empire defeats Greco-Bactrians under Demetrius I near the Kali Sindh River.
171 BC	Battle of Callicinus		Perseus of Macedon defeats a Roman army under Publius Licinius Crassus.
169 BC	Siege of Eucratideia		Stalemate between the Indo-Greek Kingdom and the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom.
168 BC	Battle of Pydna		22 June – Romans under Lucius Aemilius Paullus Macedonicus defeat and capture Macedonian King Perseus, ending the Third Macedonian War and annexing Macedon for Rome.
	Siege of Bassania		Illyrians take the allied Roman city of Bassania.
167 BC	Battle of Wadi Haramia		Jewish rebels under Judas Maccabaeus deal a serious blow to the Seleucids, killing their leader Apollonius.
166 BC	Battle of Beth Horon (166 BC)		The Jewish rebel leader Judas Maccabaeus defeats the Seleucids.
	Battle of Emmaus		Judas Maccabeus again defeats the Seleucids.
164 BC	Battle of Beth Zur		Another victory of Judas Maccabaeus over the Seleucids, leading to the recapture of Jerusalem by the rebels.
162 BC	Battle of Beth Zachariah		The Seleucid regent Lysias defeats the Jewish rebels.
162 BC	Battle of Vijithapura		Sri Lankan King Dutthagamani defeats encroaching South Indian King Ellalan.
161 BC	Battle of Adasa		In his last victory, Judas Maccabaeus defeats and kills the Seleucid general Nicanor.
160 BC	Battle of Elasa		Jewish leader Judas Maccabaeus is defeated and killed by the Seleucid army of Bacchides.
154 BC	Siege of Lapethus		Ptolemy VIII besieged and captured by his older brother Ptolemy VI in Lapethus, Cyprus.
151 BC	Battle of Oroscopa		Carthaginian expedition against Numidia is defeated. Rome would later use this as an excuse to begin the Third Punic War
c. 150 BC	Battle of Vidarbha		Shunga Empire under Agnimitra annexes Vidarbha
149 BC	Battle of Lake Tunis		Carthage defeats Roman advance.
148 BC	Battle of Pydna		The forces of the Macedonian pretender Andriscus are defeated by the Romans under Quintus Caecilius Metellus Macedonicus in the decisive engagement of the Fourth Macedonian War.
147 BC	Battle of the Port of Carthage		Carthage has small victory over Roman navy, but not enough to break the Roman blockade or advancement.
	Battle of Nepheris		Rome advances further on Carthage, defeating their army.
146 BC	Battle of Carthage (c.149 BC)		Scipio Africanus Minor captures and destroys Carthage, ending the Third Punic War.
	Battle of Scarpheia		Romans defeat the Achaean League forces of Critolaus, who is killed.
	Battle of Corinth		Achaean last stand against Romans under Lucius Mummius fails. Greece comes under direct Roman rule.
145 BC	Battle of the Oenoparus		Ptolemy VI Philometor defeats the Seleucid usurper Alexander Balas, but is killed in the fighting.
	Battle of Vidarbha		Shunga Empire under King Agnimitra defeat the Vidarbha Kingdom.
138 BC	Siege of Dong'ou		Minyue nearly defeat the Kingdom of Dong'ou until the Han intervene to repel Minyue, Dong'ou submits to the Han Dynasty afterwards.
135 BC	Battle on the Sindhu River		Shunga Empire defeats Indo-Greek Kingdom.
133 BC	Siege of Numantia		Roman forces under Scipio Aemilianus defeat the Celtiberians and sack their capital city.
	Battle of Mayi		Aborted ambush mission by the Han against invading Xiongnu forces.
129 BC	Battle of Ecbatana		The Seleucid King Antiochus VII Sidetes is defeated and killed by the Parthians under Phraates II, ending any pretense of Seleucid control over Media or Mesopotamia.
121 BC	Battle of Vindalium		Romans defeat the Allobroges
	Battle of the Isère River		Romans defeat a large Gallic army and take over Gallia Narbonensis
119 BC	Battle of Mobei		Han forces decisively defeat the Xiongnu army in the Gobi desert, more than 90,000 Xiongnus killed.
113 BC	Siege of Cirta		Jugurtha defeats Adherbal and takes over all of Numidia
112 BC	Battle of Noreia		Cimbrian victory against Rome during the Cimbrian War.
110 BC	Battle of Suthul		Numidian victory in the Jugurthine War
109 BC	Battle of the Muthul		Roman forces under Caecilius Metellus defeat the forces of Jugurtha of Numidia.
	Siege of Zama		Rome besieges Zama
108 BC	Battle of Loulan		Han forces defeat Loulan Kingdom.
	Siege of Thala		Rome besieges Thala
107 BC	Battle of Burdigala		Alliance of Germanic and Celtic tribes led by Divico defeat the Romans and kill Lucius Cassius Longinus and Lucius Calpurnius Piso Caesoninus.
106 BC	Second Battle of Cirta		Gaius Marius defeats Numidia and Mauretania and captures Cirta
105 BC	Battle of Arausio		6 October – Cimbri inflict a major defeat on the Roman army of Gnaeus Mallius Maximus.
103 BC	Battle of Scirthaea		Praetor Lucius Licinius Lucullus defeats the slave army of Salvius Tryphon in an open field.
	Siege of Triocala		Lucullus besieges the slave stronghold but ends the siege after finding out he had been replaced.
	Battle of Asophon		Pharaoh Ptolemy IX Soter defeats Alexander Jannaeus of the Hasmonean Kingdom then plunders Judea.
102 BC	Battle of Tridentum		Rome has a tactical withdrawal from combat with the Cimbri.
	Battle of Aquae Sextiae		The Romans under Gaius Marius defeat the Teutons.
101 BC	Battle of Vercellae		The Romans under Marius defeat the Cimbri, who are entirely annihilated.

1st century BC

Year	Battle	Loc.	Description
99 BC	Battle of Tian Shan	or	Xiongnu defeat Han dynasty.
93 BC	Battle of Gadara		Nabataean Kingdom under Obodas I ambush and defeat Hasmonean Kingdom under Alexander Jannaeus in the Transjordan.
91 BC	Battle of Mount Falernus		Romans defeated during the Social War
90 BC	Battle of Aesernia		Romans under Lucius Julius Caesar (consul 90 BC) defeated by Italian rebels during the Social War.
	Battle of Acerrae		Romans defeat Italians rebels led by Gaius Papius Mutilus during the Social War.
89 BC	Battle of Fucine Lake		Roman forces under Lucius Porcius Cato are defeated by the Italian rebels in the Social War.
	Battle of Asculum		The Roman army of C. Pompeius Strabo decisively defeats the rebels in the Social War.
	Battle of the Aufidus		Romans defeat Samnite army
	Battle of the River Amnias		Mithridatic forces defeat Nicomedes IV of Bithynia.
	Battle of Protopachium		Mithridates decisively defeats a Roman army and occupies Asia Minor
88 BC	Battle of Mount Scorobas		Mithridatic forces under Archelaus defeat the Romans under Manius Aquilius.
87 – 86 BC	Siege of Athens and Piraeus		Lucius Cornelius Sulla defeats the combined forces of Athens and Pontus at Athens.
86 BC	Battle of Tenedos		Naval victory for Lucius Licinius Lucullus during the First Mithridatic War.
	Battle of Chaeronea		The Roman forces of Lucius Cornelius Sulla defeat the Pontic forces of Archelaus in the First Mithridatic War.
85 BC	Battle of Orchomenus		Sulla again defeats Archelaus in the decisive battle of the First Mithridatic War.
84 BC	Battle of Cana	or	Nabataean Kingdom under Obodas I defeats the Seleucid Empire and kills their king Antiochus XII Dionysus.
83 BC	Battle of Mount Tifata		Sulla defeats the Popular forces of Caius Norbanus in the First Roman Civil War.
82 BC	Battle of Sacriportus		Sulla defeats army of Gaius Marius the Younger
	Battle of the Colline Gate		November – Sulla defeats Samnites allied to the Popular party in Rome in the decisive battle of the Civil War.
80 BC	Battle of the Baetis River		Rebel forces under Quintus Sertorius defeat the legal Roman forces of Lucius Fulfidias in Spain.
76 BC	Battle of Lauron		Sertorius defeats the army of Pompey
75 BC	Battle of Saguntum		Last pitched battle in the Sertorian War
74 BC	Battle of Chalcedon		Mithridates VI of Pontus defeats Romans under Marcus Aerelius Cotta.
73 BC	Battle of Mount Vesuvius		Slave army under Spartacus defeats Romans under Gaius Claudius Glaber.
	Battle of Cyzicus		Roman forces under Lucius Lucullus inflict a heavy defeat on the forces of Mithridates VI of Pontus.
	Battle of the Rhyndacus (73 BC)		Romans under Lucullus defeat Mithridates again.
	Battle of Lemnos		Roman fleet defeats Pontic fleet
72 BC	Battle of Cabira		Lucullus again defeats Mithridates, overrunning Pontus.
72-71 BC	Siege of Heraclea		Romans capture Heraclea Pontica
72-69 BC	Siege of Knossos		Romans capture Crete
71 BC	Battle of Cantenna		Romans under Marcus Licinius Crassus defeat slave armies, killing their leaders Gannicus and Castus.
	Battle of the Silarius River		Roman forces led by Marcus Licinius Crassus decisively defeat the slave army of Spartacus, who dies in the battle. End of the Servile Wars.
69 BC	Battle of Tigranocerta		Lucullus defeats the army of Tigranes II of Armenia, who was harboring his father-in-law Mithridates VI of Pontus.
68 BC	Battle of Artaxata		Lucullus again defeats Tigranes.
67 BC	Battle of Korakesion		Naval battle between pirates and Pompey's Fleet, ending in a decisive victory against piracy in the Mediterranean.
	Battle of Jushi		Han troops defeat the Xiongnu, seizing the city of Jiaohe.
	Battle of Zela (67 BC)		Mithridates VI retakes his kingdom from Rome
66 BC	Battle of the Lycus		Pompey the Great decisively defeats Mithridates VI, effectively ending the Third Mithridatic War.
65 BC	Battle of the Pelorus		Pompey defeats the Iberians
	Battle of the Abas		Pompey defeats the Albanians
63 BC	Battle of Magetobriga		The Gallic Sequani and Averni tribes and Germanic Suebi tribe led by Ariovistus defeat the Gallic Aedui tribe, which appeals to the Roman Senate for aid, which becomes a basis which leads to the Gallic Wars.
63 BC	Siege of Jerusalem		Romans under Pompey defeat the Hasmonean Kingdom and incorporate Judea into the Roman Republic.
62 BC	Battle of Pistoria		January – The forces of the conspirator Catiline are defeated by the loyal Roman armies under Gaius Antonius.
61 BC	Battle of Histria		Bastarnae and Scythians defeat the Roman consul Gaius Antonius Hybrida.
58 BC	Battle of the Arar		June – Caesar defeats the migrating Helvetii.
	Battle of Bibracte		July – Caesar again defeats the Helvetii, this time decisively.
	Battle of Vosges		Caesar decisively defeats the forces of the Germanic chieftain Ariovistus near modern Belfort.
57 BC	Battle of the Axona		Caesar defeats the forces of the Belgae under King Galba of Suessiones.
	Battle of the Sabis		Caesar defeats the Nervii.
	Siege of the Atuatuci		Caesar conquers the Atuatuci in modern-day Belgium after sieging their capital. 4,000 were killed and the rest sold into slavery.
57-56 BC	Battle of Octodurus		Rome under Servius Sulpicius Galba defeats the Seduni and Veragri tribes of Switzerland, but the ferocity of the battle led to the legion subsequently moving out of the Alps.
53 BC	Battle of Carrhae		The Roman Triumvir Crassus is defeated and killed by the Parthians.
52 BC	Battle of Bovillae		The gangs of Clodius and Milo clash surprisingly, leading to the death of Clodius.
	Siege of Avaricum		Julius Caesar defeats Vercingetorix.
	Battle of Gergovia		Caesar is defeated by the Gallic leader Vercingetorix.
	Battle of Lutetia		Romans under Titus Labienus defeat Gauls under Camulogene
	Battle of Alesia		Caesar defeats Vercingetorix, completing the Roman conquest of Transalpine Gaul.
51 BC	Siege of Uxellodunum		Caesar destroys the last Gallic tribes resisting Rome
49 BC	Siege of Corfinium		Caesar captures town of Corfinium on way to catch Pompey in Southern Italy. First Major engagement in Caesar's Civil War
	Siege of Brundisium		Caesar captures port town of Brundisium on the Adriatic Sea. He fails to catch Pompey, who escapes to Greece.
	Siege of Massilia		Caesar besieges and captures Massilia, resulting in the absorption of the city into the Republic.
	Battle of Ilerda		Caesar defeats the Spanish army of Pompey under Lucius Afranius and Marcus Petreius.
	Battle of Tauroento		Caesar's fleet blockading Massilia under Decimus Junius Brutus Albinus defeat the Massilian fleet and a reinforcing pompeian one under Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus and Quintus Nasidius in a naval battle, in which the Massilian fleet is destroyed and the Pompeians retreat.
	Siege of Curicta		Pompeians under Lucius Scribonius Libo and Marcus Octavius defeat a naval force and starve the Caesarian army under Gaius Antonius and Publius Cornelius Dolabella, both of whom are captured.
	Battle of Utica (49 BC)		Gaius Scribonius Curio defeats the Numidians in North Africa, cutting off supplies to Attius Varus.
	Battle of the Bagradas River		24 August – Caesar's general Gaius Curio is defeated in North Africa by the Pompeians under Attius Varus and King Juba I of Numidia. Curio is killed in battle.
	Siege of Salona (49)		Caesarians in Salona repel an assault by the Pompeians under Marcus Octavius.
48 BC	Battle of Dyrrhachium (48 BC)		10 July – Caesar barely avoids a catastrophic defeat to Pompey in Macedonia.
	Siege of Oricum		Caesar captures Oricum
	Siege of Gomphi		Caesar captures town of Gomphi after they refuse to open their gates.
	Battle of Pharsalus		Julius Caesar decisively defeats Pompey, who flees to Egypt.
	Battle of Nicopolis (48 BC)		Pharnaces II of Pontus decisively defeats a Roman army under Calvinus.
47 BC	Siege of Alexandria (47 BC)		Ptolemy XIII lays an unsuccessful siege on Alexandria to defeat Caesar and his sister Cleopatra VII.
	Battle of the Nile		February – Caesar defeats the forces of the Egyptian king Ptolemy XIII.
	Battle of Zela		August – Caesar defeats Pharnaces II of Pontus. This is the battle where he famously said Veni, vidi, vici. (I came, I saw, I conquered.).
	Battle of Tauris		Publius Vatinius defeats Pompeian fleet under Marcus Octavius raiding off the coast of Dalmatia.
46 BC	Battle of Ruspina		4 January – Caesar loses perhaps as much as a third of his army to Titus Labienus.
	Battle of Ascurum	or	Pompey the Younger is defeated by the Mauretanians
	Battle of Thapsus		6 February – Caesar defeats the Pompeian army of Metellus Scipio in North Africa.
	Battle of Hippo Regius		Pompeian fleet of Scipio destroyed by Publius Sittius
	Battle of Carteia		Pompeian fleet of Attius Varus destroyed
45 BC	Battle of Munda		17 March – In his last victory, Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Gnaeus Pompey the Younger in Spain. Labienus is killed in the battle
	Battle of Lauro		Pompey the Younger is captured and executed by Luciuis Caesennius Lento
	Siege of Corduba		Caesar captures city of Corduba from Sextus Pompey
	Siege of Apamea		Caesars supporters fail to capture Pompeian town of Apamea in Syria.
43 BC	Battle of Forum Gallorum		14 April – Antony, besieging Caesar's assassin Decimus Brutus in Mutina, defeats the forces of the consul Pansa, who is killed, but is then immediately defeated by the army of the other consul, Hirtius
	Battle of Mutina		21 April – Antony is again defeated in battle by Hirtius, who is killed. Although Antony fails to capture Mutina, Decimus Brutus is murdered shortly thereafter.
42 BC	First Battle of Philippi		3 October – The Triumvirs Mark Antony and Octavian fight an indecisive battle with Caesar's assassins Marcus Brutus and Cassius. Although Brutus defeats Octavian, Antony defeats Cassius, who commits suicide.
	Second Battle of Philippi		23 October – Brutus's army is decisively defeated by Antony and Octavian. Brutus escapes, but commits suicide soon after.
40 BC	Battle of Perugia		Mark Antony's brother Lucius Antonius and Mark Anthony's wife Fulvia are defeated by Octavian. Fulvia is exiled.
39 BC	Battle of the Cilician Gates		Publius Ventidius Bassus inflicts a decisive defeat on a joint Parthian-Pompeian invasion force, which results in their retreat, the capture and execution of the Pompeian leader Quintus Labienus and the re-absorption of his soldiers back into the Roman Army.
	Battle of Amanus Pass		Bassus again decisively vanquishes the Parthians, forcing them out of the Roman East and beginning to restore Roman rule to Syria and Judaea.
38 BC	Battle of Mount Gindarus		Bassus completes a trilogy of victories over the Parthians by crushing and turning back a new Parthian invasion led by Pacorus, son of King Orodes, with Pacorus being killed in the battle.
37 BC	Siege of Jerusalem		With Roman assistance, Herod the Great defeats Antigonus II Mattathias and ends the Hasmonean Kingdom.
36 BC	Battle of Naulochus		Octavian's fleet, under the command of Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa defeats the forces of Sextus Pompey.
	Battle of Zhizhi		Han forces defeat the Xiongnu and kill their chieftain Zhizhi.
31 BC	Battle of Actium		2 September – Octavian decisively defeats Antony and Cleopatra in a naval battle near Greece
30 BC	Battle of Alexandria		31 July – Mark Antony achieves a minor victory over Octavian's forces, but most of his army subsequently deserts, leading to his suicide.
25 BC	Siege of Aracillum		Romans defeat the Cantabri in northern Spain.
	Battle of Vellica		Romans led by Emperor Augustus defeat the Cantabri.
23 BC	Siege of Napata		Romans siege and raze the Kushite city of Napata in Nubia to stop attacks from Queen Amanirenas.
15 BC	Battle of Lake Constance	, or	Small naval battle between Romans under the future emperor Tiberius and Celtic tribes on Lake Constance in the Northern Alps.
11 BC	Battle of Arbalo		Romans under Drusus defeat the Germanic tribes.
	Battle of the Lupia River		Roman forces under Augustus's stepson Drusus win a victory in Germany.

1st century

Year	Battle	Loc.	Description
9	Battle of the Teutoburg Forest		The German leader Arminius destroys the Roman legions of Publius Quinctilius Varus.
15	Battle at Pontes Longi		Inconclusive battle between Rome and Germanic tribes.
16	Battle of the Weser River		Legions under Germanicus defeat German tribes of Arminius.
	Battle of the Angrivarian Wall		Legions under Germanicus again defeat German tribes under Arminius.
23	Battle of Kunyang		After being sieged for 2 months, 9,000 insurgents under Liu Xiu defeat 450,000 of Wang Mang's troops, ushering in the fall of Wang Mang and restoration of the Han dynasty.
28	Battle of Baduhenna Wood		After a stalemate battle with the Frisii, Romans withdraw from northern Holland.
43	Battle of the Medway		Claudius and general Aulus Plautius defeat a confederation of British Celtic tribes. Roman invasion of Britain begins.
49	Siege of Uspe		Rome-allied Aorsi defeat the Siraces, Roman–Bosporan War ends soon after.
50	Battle of Caer Caradock		The British chieftain Caractacus is defeated and captured by the Romans under Ostorius Scapula.
58	Salt Battle		Germanic Hermunduri tribe defeat Germanic Chatti tribe over control of the Main River.
60-61	Battle of Camulodunum		A British horde led by Boudica crushes most of the IX Legion under Quintus Petillius Cerialis.
61	Battle of Watling Street		The uprising of the British queen Boudica against the Romans is defeated by Suetonius Paullinus.
	Siege of Tigranocerta		Parthians siege Roman city until truce agreed to, said truce was extremely brief.
62	Battle of Rhandeia		Romans under Lucius Caesennius Paetus are defeated by a Parthian-Armenian army under King Tiridates of Parthia.
66	Battle of Beth Horon (66)		Jewish rebels defeat a Roman legion, bringing about one of Rome's most severe defeats against rebels in their history.
67	Siege of Yodfat		Roman forces under Vespasianus and Titus sack Yodfat after 47 days, killing most of its inhabitants and enslaving the rest.
	Siege of Gamla		City of Gamla besieged by Rome during the First Jewish-Roman War.
68	Battle of Vensontio		Governor of Germania Superior Lucius Verginius Rufus defeats the rebellion of Gaius Julius Vindex
69	Battle of Bedriacum		14 April – Vitellius, commander of the Rhine armies, defeats Emperor Otho and seizes the throne.
	Second Battle of Bedriacum		24 October – Forces under Antonius Primus, the commander of the Danube armies loyal to Vespasian, defeat the forces of Emperor Vitellius.
	Battle of Locus Castorum		Armies of Emperors Otho and Vitellius clash in northern Italy, ending in victory for Otho's forces.
70	Siege of Jerusalem (70)		Titus lays siege to Jerusalem for 7 months, killing tens of thousands of Jews and destroying the Second Temple of Jerusalem.
71	Battle of Stanwick		Roman forces defeat the Brigantes.
73	Battle of Yiwulu		Part of an expedition against the Xiongnu, ending in Han victory.
74	Siege of Masada		Final Roman defeat of Jewish Sicarii rebels.
84	Battle of Mons Graupius		The Romans under Agricola defeat the Caledonians.
87-88	First Battle of Tapae		Battle between the Roman emperor Domitian and the Kingdom of Dacia.
89	Battle of Ikh Bayan	, or	Part of an expedition against the Xiongnu, decisive Han victory with massive numbers of prisoners taken. Collapse of Xiongnu Empire.

2nd century

Year	Battle	Loc.	Description
101	Second Battle of Tapae		Trajan defeats Decebalus, ending Trajan's Dacian Wars.
102	Battle of Adamclisi		Trajan defeats Dacians, Roxolani, & Bastarnae in modern Romania.
103	Battle of Gatae	?	Trajan defeats Dacians.
106	Battle of Sarmizegetusa		Trajan victorious in the siege of the Dacian capital of Sarmizegetusa.
117	Siege of Hatra		Trajan withdraws from siege on Hatra.
130	Battle of Venni		Cholas led by Karikala defeats confederacy of Pandya and Chera rulers.
140	Siege of Burnswark		Romans defeat Selgovae in southern Scotland.
163	Siege of Edessa		Parthians take city of Edessa from Rome.
165	Siege of Edessa		Romans retake city and massacre Parthian garrison.
	Battle of Ctesiphon		Romans under Avidius Cassius defeat the Parthians, further weakening their Empire.
170	Battle of Carnuntum		Romans under Marcus Aurelius defeated by Marcomanni under Ballomar and their allies the Quadi tribe.
190	Battle of Xingyang		Dong Zhuo emerges victorious against Cao Cao.
	Battle of Venni		Early Chola led by Karikala defeat a confederacy led by Pandya and Chera rulers.
191	Battle of Jieqiao		Yuan Shao's infantry repulses a cavalry charge by rival warlord Gongsun Zan.
	Battle of Yangcheng		Yuan Shao was beaten back by Sun Jian.
	Battle of Xiangyang		Liu Biao emerges victorious against Sun Jian
192	Battle of Chang'an		Forces led by Li Jue and Guo Si defeat the assassins of Dong Zhuo, Wang Yun and Lü Bu. Wang Yun captured and executed.
193	Battle of Cyzicus		Septimius Severus, the new Emperor, defeats his eastern rival Pescennius Niger in the Year of the Five Emperors.
	Battle of Nicaea		Severus again defeats Niger.
	Battle of Fengqiu		Cao Cao emerges victorious against Yuan Shu.
194	Battle of Issus		Severus defeats Niger for the last time.
	Battle of Yan Province		Cao Cao and Lü Bu battle for control of the region.
197	Battle of Lugdunum		19 February – Emperor Septimius Severus defeats and kills his rival Clodius Albinus, securing full control over the Empire.
	Battle of Wancheng		Cao Cao flees after Zhang Xiu attacked.
198	Battle of Ctesiphon (198)		Roman forces under Septimius Severus capture the Parthian capital, fatally weakening the Empire, leading to the rise of the Sassanids.
	Siege of Hatra		Romans under Septimius Severus unsuccessfully attack the Parthian vassal of Hatra.
	Battle of Xiapi		Cao Cao and Liu Bei emerges victorious against Lü Bu.
199	Battle of Yijing		Yuan Shao emerges victorious against Gongsun Zan.
200	Battle of Guandu		Cao Cao defeats Yuan Shao's numerically superior army and secures domination of the North China plain.

3rd century

Year	Battle	Loc.	Description
202	Battle of Bowang		Liu Bei emerges victorious against Xiahou Dun.
203	Siege of Garama		Romans led by Emperor Septimius Severus capture Garama, the capital of the Garamantes but soon abandon it.
208	Battle of Xiakou		Sun Quan emerges victorious against Huang Zu.
	Battle of Changban		Cao Cao's cavalry catch Liu Bei's forces, disperse his army, and capture most of his baggage train.
	Battle of Red Cliffs		War of Three Kingdoms, Cao Cao failed to conquer lands of Sun Quan and Liu Bei.
	Battle of Yiling		Sun Quan emerges victorious against Cao Cao.
209	Battle of Jiangling		Sun Quan & Liu Bei emerge victorious against Cao Cao.
211	Battle of Tong Pass		Cao Cao emerges victorious against Ma Chao.
213	Siege of Jicheng		Ma Chao emerges victorious against Cao Cao.
	Battle of Lucheng		Yang Fu emerges victorious against Ma Chao.
215	Battle of Yangping		Cao Cao emerges victorious against Zhang Lu.
	Battle of Baxi		Zhang Fei emerges victorious against Zhang He.
217	Battle of Nisibis		Parthian troops under Artabanus IV battle the new Roman Emperor Macrinus in southern Turkey, ending in a draw.
	Battle of Ruxu		Sun Quan emerges victorious against Cao Cao.
218	Battle of Antioch		Varius Avitus defeats Emperor Macrinus to claim the throne under the name Elagabalus.
219	Battle of Mount Dingjun		Liu Bei emerges victorious against Cao Cao.
	Battle of Han River		Liu Bei emerges victorious against Cao Cao.
	Battle of Fancheng		Cao Ren emerges victorious against Guan Yu.
222	Battle of Xiaoting		Liu Bei's invasion of Wu is repulsed by Sun Quan's commander Lu Xun.
224	Battle of Hormizdegan		Sassanid forces defeat the Parthians, killing King Artabanus IV and ending Parthian rule in the Middle East.
c.226-227	Siege of Hatra		Romans and Hatra repel the Sassanid's under Ardashir I's first attempt at taking Hatra.
228	Xincheng Rebellion		Sima Yi emerges victorious against Meng Da.
	Battle of Tianshui		Shu emerges victorious against Wei.
	Battle of Jieting		Part of the First Northern Expedition.
	Battle of Shiting		Wu emerges victorious against Wei.
229	Siege of Chencang		Wei emerges victorious against Shu.
231	Battle of Mount Qi		Shu victory against Wei, but strategic defeat.
234	Battle of Wuzhang Plains		Part of the Fifth Northern Expedition, Zhuge Liang dies.
235	Siege of Nisbis		Sassanids capture city.
	Battle at the Harzhorn		Romans under Maximinus Thrax defeat Germanic tribes.
238	Battle of Carthage		Troops loyal to the Roman Emperor Maximinus Thrax defeat and kill the usurper Gordian II.
	Siege of Aquileia		Senate has Maximinus Thrax killed and defeats his supporters.
240-241	Fall of Hatra		Sassanids take city and annex the Kingdom of Hatra.
243	Battle of Resaena		Roman forces under Gordian III defeat the Persians under Shapur I. Gordian is either killed in battle or murdered before he can exploit his victory.
244	Battle of Misiche		The Sassanids defeat Roman forces under Gordian III, who is subsequently killed.
	Battle of Xingshi		Shu emerges victorious against Wei.
249	Battle of Verona		The usurper Decius defeats the army of the Emperor Philip the Arab and kills him in battle.
250	Battle of Philippopolis		King Cuiva of the Goths defeats a Roman army.
	Battle of Nicopolis		Romans under Emperor Decius defeat Goths.
	Battle of Beroe		Goths defeat a Roman army
251	Battle of Abrittus		The Goths defeat and kill the Roman Emperor Trajan Decius.
252	Siege of Nisibis		Sassanids capture city.
253	Battle of Barbalissos		Sassanid forces under Shapur I defeat the Romans under Valerian, leading to their capture of Antioch.
	Siege of Antioch		Sassanids take city from Romans.
254	Battle of Thermopylae		Romans defeat advancing Goths.
255	Battle of Didao		Wei emerges victorious against Shu.
256	Siege of Dura-Europos		Sassanids defeat Romans in Syria.
259	Battle of Edessa		King Shapur I of Persia defeats and captures the Roman Emperor Valerian.
	Battle of Mediolanum		Emperor Gallienus defeats the Alamanni after their invasion of northern Italy, leading to the Romans retreating behind the Rhine.
260	Siege of Caeserea Cappadocia		King Shapur I of Persia takes city from Romans.
263	Battle of Ctesiphon		Sassanids under King Shapur repel siege by Palmyra under Odaenathus.
267	Battle of Thermopylae (267)		Roman forces unsuccessfully try to defend against the Heruli invasion of the Balkans.
	Sack of Athens		Heruli ravage the Greek city and leave permanent damage to its monuments.
268	Battle of Lake Benacus		The Romans under Claudius II defeat the Alamanni.
269	Battle of Naissus		Claudius II decisively defeats the Goths, earning the surname Gothicus.
	Siege of Augustodunum Haeduorum		Victorinus claims the throne and defeats the forces of Emperor Claudius Gothicus.
270	Sack of Bostra		Zenobia of Palmyra takes Syria from Rome and drives out the Tanukhids.
271	Battle of Placentia		The Emperor Aurelian is defeated by the Alemanni forces invading Italy.
	Battle of Fano		Aurelian defeats the Alemanni, who begin to retreat from Italy.
	Battle of Pavia		Aurelian destroys the retreating Alemanni army.
272	Battle of Immae		Aurelian defeats the army of Zenobia of Palmyra.
	Battle of Emesa		Aurelian decisively defeats Zenobia.
273	Battle of Palmyra		Romans fight a battle against the Palmyrene Empire and the Blemmyes.
274	Battle of Châlons		Aurelian defeats the Gallic usurper Tetricus, reestablishing central control of the whole empire.
285	Battle of the Margus		The usurper Diocletian defeats the army of the Emperor Carinus, who is killed.
c.290	Battle of Shabwa		Himyarites conquer the Kingdom of Hadhramaut and razes their capital of Shabwa.
296	Battle of Carrhae	or	The Romans under the Caesar Galerius are defeated by the Persians under Narseh.
298	Battle of Satala		The Romans under the Caesar Galerius rout the Persians under Narseh.
	Battle of Lingones		The Caesar Constantius Chlorus defeats the Alemanni.
	Battle of Vindonissa		Constantius again defeats the Alemanni.

See also

• List of Roman battles